CHEMISTRY WORKSHEET

I. 5 States of Matter
1. Solid
- Solid particles are packed tightly together so they are unable to move about very
much. They have very low kinetic energy and have a definite shape. Ex.
Diamonds, Table Salt, Sugar, etc.
2. Liquid
- Liquid particles have more kinetic energy than those in a solid. Particles of a
liquid have just enough room to flow around each other, so liquids have an
indefinite shape. Ex. Water, Oil, etc.
3. Gas
- Gas particles have enough kinetic energy to overcome intermolecular forces that
hold solids and liquids together, thus a gas has no definite volume and no definite
shape. Ex. Oxygen, Helium, etc.
4. Plasma
- Plasma has neither a definite volume nor a definite shape. Plasma often is seen in
ionized gases, but it is distinct from a gas because it possesses unique properties.
The noble gases are often used to make glowing signs by using electricity to
ionize them to the plasma state. Ex. Stars, Fluorescent Lights, Neon Signs, etc.
5. Bose Einstein Condensate (BEC)
- Since there is almost no kinetic energy being transferred from one atom to
another, the atoms begin to clump together. There are no longer thousands of
separate atoms, just one “super atom.” A BEC also has many of the properties of
a superfluid — flowing without friction. BECs are also used to simulate
conditions that might apply in black holes.

II. Physical and Chemical Changes of Matter

All properties of matter are either physical or chemical properties.

● Physical Properties
- Physical properties are properties that can be measured or observed without changing the
chemical nature of the substance. Some examples of physical properties are:
● color
● density
● volume
● mass
● boiling point
● melting point

● Chemical Properties
- A chemical property is that measuring that property must lead to a change in the
substance’s chemical structure. Here are several examples of chemical properties:
● Combustibility (ability to burn)
● Easily oxidized (ability to rust)
● Toxicity (level of harm to organisms)
 ● Reactivity with other chemicals
● Types of chemical bonds that will form

III. Subatomic Particles, Atomic Mass and Atomic Number

Particles that are smaller than the atom are called subatomic particles. The three main subatomic
particles that form an atom are protons, neutrons, and electrons.
● Protons have a positive electrical charge, so they are often represented with the mark of a
"+" sign.
● Neutrons have no electrical charge and are said to help hold the protons together
(protons are positively charged particles and should repel each other).
● Electrons are tiny particles circling around outside the nucleus. They have a negative
charge which is represented with the mark of a “-” sign.
● Atomic Number of an element is the number of protons in the nucleus. Each element has
a unique number that identifies how many protons are in one atom of that element.
● Atomic Mass of an element can be solved by adding the number of neutrons and protons.

ACTIVITIES
I. TRUE OR FALSE. Write T if the statement is True and F if the statement is False.
___ 1. There are 6 states of matter.
___ 2. BEC stands for Bose Einstein Condensate.
___ 3. Liquid particles have a fixed shape and volume that are closely packed together.
___ 4. Coffee is a liquid.
___ 5. The state of matter with an indefinite shape and indefinite volume is Plasma.

II. CLASSIFICATION. Write whether the given undergoes a physical or chemical change
by writing P if physical and C if chemical.
___ 1. Iron is oxidized to iron oxide.
___ 2. Ripping a piece of paper.
___ 3. A glass cup falls from the counter and shatters on the ground.
___ 4. Bleaching your hair.
___ 5. Water turned into ice.
___ 6. Copper reacts with a strong acid.
___ 7. Paper clip bending.
___ 8. Baking a cake.
___ 9. Stretching a rubber band.
___ 10. Dry Ice sublimating into gas.

III. Solving/Fill in the Blanks

Calculating the number of each particle in an atom:
● # Protons = Atomic Number
 ● # Electrons = Protons
● # Neutrons = Atomic Mass – Atomic Number

Name of Element Atomic

Mass Number Protons Neutrons Electrons
Element Symbol Number

Boron B 11 5 5 6 5
Sodium 1) 24 11 2) 3) 4)
Copper 5) 6) 29 7) 35 8)
9) Pb 207 82 10) 11) 12)
13) H 14) 1 15) 0 16)
Carbon 17) 18) 19) 20) 6 6
21) N 22) 23) 7 7 24)
Calcium 25) 26) 20 27) 20 28)
29) S 32 30) 31) 16 116
32) Ne 22 33) 10 34) 35)
Answer Key
TRUE OR FALSE. Write T if the statement is True and F if the statement is False.
F 1. There are 6 states of matter.
T 2. BEC stands for Bose Einstein Condensate.
 F 3. Liquid particles have a fixed shape and volume that are closely packed together.
T 4. Coffee is a liquid.
F 5. The state of matter with an indefinite shape and indefinite volume is Plasma.

CLASSIFICATION.
C 1. Iron is oxidized to iron oxide.
P 2. Ripping a piece of paper.
P 3. A glass cup falls from the counter and shatters on the ground.
C 4. Bleaching your hair.
P 5. Liquid water turned into ice.
C 6. Copper reacts with a strong acid.
P 7. Paper clip bending.
C 8. Baking a cake.
P 9. Stretching a rubber band.
P 10. Dry Ice sublimating into gas.

SOLVING/FILL IN THE BLANKS

Name of Element Atomic

Mass Number Protons Neutrons Electrons
Element Symbol Number

Boron B 11 5 5 6 5
Sodium 1) Na 24 11 2) 11 3) 13 4) 11
Copper 5) Cu 6) 64 29 7) 29 35 8) 29
9) Lead Pb 207 82 10) 82 11) 125 12) 82
13) Hydrogen H 14) 1 1 15) 1 0 16) 1
Carbon 17) C 18) 12 19) 6 20) 6 6 6
21) Nitrogen N 22) 14 23) 7 7 7 24) 7
Calcium 25) Ca 26) 40 20 27) 20 20 28) 20
29) Sulfur S 32 30) 16 31) 16 16 116
32) Neon Ne 22 33) 10 10 34) 12 35) 10