REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN II – BFC 3280

CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

EXAMPLE 1.4 : STAIR SUPPORTED BY LANDING SPANNING PERPENDICULAR TO

STAIR FLIGHT

The plan view and the longitudinal section of two flight stair for an office building are
shown in the figure below. The stair is supported by a reinforced concrete beam at the
left end and by a reinforced concrete landing at the right end. The landing is supported
by two stringer beams along the two sides. Each flight of the stair consists of 10 steps.
The overall depth of landing and waist of both flights are 155 mm and 125 mm
respectively, while the width of going and the height of riser are 260 mm and 170 mm
respectively. Other relevant dimensions are as shown in the figure. Using the given data
below, design the stair and landing.

Data:

Characteristic of variable action = 3.0 kN/m2

Finishes and handrails = 1.2 kN/m2
Characteristic strength of concrete = 25 N/mm2
Characteristic strength of steel = 500 N/mm2
Concrete cover to reinforcement = 25 mm

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 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN II – BFC 3280
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200

50

1500

100

1500

50

200

200 10@260=2600 1500

260

170
10@170

hL

10@170

hF

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 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN II – BFC 3280
CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

1.0 SPECIFICATION

Dimension: R = 170 mm ; G = 260 mm ; hF = 125 mm ; hL = 155 mm

Characteristic actions:
Permanent, gk = 1.2 kN/m2 (Excluding selfweight)
Variable, qk = 3.0 kN/m2

Materials: If not given, the thickness of flight

Characteristic strength of concrete, fck = 25N/mm2 and landing can be calculated based
Characteristic strength of steel, fyk = 500 N/mm2 on:
Unit weight of reinforced concrete = 25 kN/mm3

Assumed: *For continuous span and sharing

Cover, C = 25 mm landing
Diameter bar, Ø = 10 mm

*For simply supported slab

2.0 AVERAGE THICKNESS

y R
t
y

3.0 ACTION

Landing:

Slab selfweight = 0.155 x 25 = 3.88 kN/m2

Permanent load (excluding selfweight) = 1.20 kN/m2

Characteristic permanent action, gk = 5.08 kN/m2

Characteristic variable action qk = 3.00 kN/m2

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 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN II – BFC 3280
CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

Design action, nd = 1.35gk + 1.5qk = 11.35 kN/m2

Flight:

Slab selfweight = 0.234x 25 = 5.86 kN/m2

Permanent load (excluding selfweight) = 1.20 kN/m2

Characteristic permanent action, gk = 7.06 kN/m2

Characteristic variable action qk = 3.00 kN/m2

Design action, nd = 1.35gk + 1.5qk = 14.03 kN/m2

3.0 ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF STAIR

14.03 kN/m

2700 750 * consider

half landing
3450
as constraint
for flight
M

Total action

Moment

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 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN II – BFC 3280
CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

3.1 MAIN REINFORCEMENT (Cl. 6.1)

Effective depth:

Design moment, MEd = 13.10 kNm

Compression reinforcement is not required

Main bar : H10 – 200 (As,prov= 393 mm2/m)

Minimum and maximum reinforcement area (Cl. 9.3.1.1)

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 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN II – BFC 3280
CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

Secondary reinforcement (Cl. 9.3.1.1(2))

Secondary bar : H10 – 400 (As,prov = 196 mm2/m)

3.2 SHEAR RESISTANCE

14.03 kN/m
13.10kNm

2700 750
VA VB

4.30VA – 25.9 – (15.44 x 2.70 x 2.95) – (11.52 x 1.60 x 0.80) = 0

Design shear force, VEd = 26.80 kN

Design shear resistance (Cl. 6.2.2)

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 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN II – BFC 3280
CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

Shear resistance OK

3.3 DEFLECTION (Cl. 7.4)

Percentage of required tension reinforcement

Reference reinforcement ratio

Factor for structural system, K = 1.3 (Table 7.4N) Continuous span

Use Eqn 7.16a

Modification factor for span less than 7m = 1.0

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 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN II – BFC 3280
CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

Modification factor for steel area provided

Therefore allowable span-effective depth ratio

Actual span-effective depth

Deflection OK

7.0 CRACKING

h = 125 mm 200 mm (Cl. 7.3.3)

Main bar (Cl. 9.3.1)

Smax,slab = 3h = 375 mm 400 mm Use 375 mm

Max. bar spacing = 200 mm Smax,slab

Main bar for cracking OK

Secondary bar

Smax,slab = 3.5h = 438mm 450 mm Use 438mm

Max. bar spacing = 400 mm Smax,slab

Secondary bar for cracking OK

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 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN II – BFC 3280
CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

4.0 ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF LANDING

Effective span, Leff = 3400mm , b = 1500mm

W kN/m

3400

Total action

W = nd(landing) + load from stair

Shear

Moment

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 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN II – BFC 3280
CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

4.1 MAIN REINFORCEMENT (Cl. 6.1)

Effective depth:

Design moment, MEd = 40.60 kNm

Compression reinforcement is not required

Main bar : 14H10 (As,prov= 1100mm2) or H10-75 (As,prov= 1048mm2)

Minimum and maximum reinforcement area (Cl. 9.3.1.1)

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 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN II – BFC 3280
CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

4.2 SHEAR RESISTANCE (Cl. 6.2.2)

Design shear force, VEd = 47.8 kN

Shear resistance OK

4.3 DEFLECTION (Cl. 7.4)

Percentage of required tension reinforcement

Reference reinforcement ratio

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 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN II – BFC 3280
CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

Factor for structural system, K=1.0 (Table 7.4N) simply support slab

Use Eqn 7.16a

Modification factor for span less than 7m = 1.0

Modification factor for steel area provided

Therefore allowable span-effective depth ratio

Actual span-effective depth

Deflection OK

7.0 CRACKING

h = 155 mm 200 mm (Cl. 7.3.3)

Main bar (Cl. 9.3.1)

Smax,slab = 3h = 465 mm 400 mm Use 400 mm

Max. bar spacing = [1500 – 2(25) – 10 ]/13 = 111mm Use 100 mm Smax,slab

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 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN II – BFC 3280
CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

Main bar for cracking OK

8.0 DETAILING

1035
01
02 02

03

01

04

2700 1500

Reinforcement
01 : H10 – 200 Thickness, hF = 125 mm
02 : H10 – 200 Thickness, hL = 155 mm
03 : H10 – 400 Nosing, N = 25 mm
04 : H10 – 100 Cover, C = 25 mm
All unit in mm

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 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN II – BFC 3280
CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

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