An Introduction to

CSRmesh™
CSRmesh™
Overview
• CSRmeshTM creates a mesh network from
existing CSR Bluetooth Smart & Smart
Ready devices

• CSRmeshTM enables you to increase the

scale of what you can control via your mobile
device

• This presentation is an overview of the

CSRmeshTM capabilities that are enabling
innovative products for The Internet of
Things.

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CSRmesh™
Overview
Heating Thermostats Sensors
Lighting
CSR1010
BLE
CSR1010
CSR1010 CSR1010 CSR1010 BLE
BLE BLE BLE
CSR1010
BLE
CSR1010
CSR1010 BLE
BLE
Allows you to control anything from
anywhere in the world Access

Switches

CSR1010
OR
BLE
CSR1010
BLE
Android
PC
CSR1010 iPhone
BLE

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CSRmesh™
Is this solution right for you?
• Current solution too complex to setup?
• Need capability to use a smartphone without having to use an access point or router?
• Need whole-home or building coverage beyond radio range of normal WiFi or Bluetooth?
• Do you want something simpler?
• Current solution too expensive?

Confidential and Proprietary – Qualcomm Technologies International, Ltd.

X 4
CSRmesh™
CSRmesh features

Extends range of Bluetooth Smart by repeating messages

No setup required, no hub or access point required for local network
Minimal propagation delay ~15ms node to node

Messages can be sent to an individual node or to a group

Flood mesh – no routing tables
No single point of failure

Simple provisioning
Smartphone application and QR codes

The network is secure

Messages are encrypted to prevent eavesdropping
Optional authentication to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks

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CSRmesh™

CSR1010 BLE CSR1010 BLE

L1 L6

CSR1010 BLE
L4
Smart phone
Config. &
Control
CSR1010 BLE CSR1010 BLE
L2 L7
CSR1010 BLE
S1 Broadcast
CSR1010 BLE
L5

Re-Broadcast – hop1

CSR1010 BLE CSR1010 BLE

L3 L8
Re-Broadcast – hop2
Tx range S1
Re-Broadcast – hop3
Tx range L1-L3
Tx range L4-L5

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Tx range L6-L8 6
CSRmesh™
CSRmesh Overview

Devices are organised into secure networks

Up to 65535 devices per network

Networks are secured using a network key

Can be pre-generated or derived from a pass phrase

“39MargettStreet” => 0x56e62270cacd25283c01f2eee3d7e92b

All devices within network are trusted devices

can send messages to any other group of devices

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CSRmesh™
CSRmesh Overview

Device can be a part of multiple networks

Different roles or security profiles

Networks can physically overlap

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CSRmesh™
CSRmesh Overview

Devices configured to process messages sent

directly to their DeviceID
to the Broadcast GroupID 0x0000
to the GroupIDs that they have been configured to use

GroupIDs can therefore be considered to give semantics

“LivingRoom” Light 100%

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CSRmesh™
CSRmesh Overview

Messages from single devices

Each device within the network is configured with a unique 16-
bit DeviceID
Devices can be organised into groups

Messages are sent to “destinations”

Either a DeviceID or a GroupID

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CSRmesh™
Provisioning

Devices are identified using a 128-bit UUID

− no MAC Address from IEEE is required
− self-management of allocated random UUIDs possible
− 5,316,911,983,139,663,491,615,228,241,121,378,304 devices

Devices publish a 64-bit Authorisation Code

− either as a QR-Code – linking to your app
− or as a ShortText code
− NDhd-pbbD-Hb9D-9frR-b68T

Use an app to provision service

− can use cloud services to store information

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CSRmesh™
Step 1a - Installation

Device has a “Barcode”

Scan barcode App securely distributes

using App a network key to device

App knows about switch

Switch is now part of Network
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CSRmesh™
Step 1b - Installation

Device has a “Barcode”

Scan barcode App securely distributes

using App a network key to device

App knows about light

Switch and light are now part of Network
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CSRmesh™
Step 2 - Configuration

App programs light to be

in Group 1

Any number of lights or

switches can be in a single
App programs switch to be group
in Group 1

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CSRmesh™
Step 3 - Use

User presses switch to turn light on

Group 1: Power On

Messages are secure

and are delivered
User presses switch to turn light off quickly and reliably,
Group 1: Power Off even in a large building.

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CSRmesh™
Reliable and Unreliable Transactions

• Unreliable transactions

• Reliable transactions

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 CSRmesh™
Example Dimmer Switch

• While rotating dimmer switch

− only send
LIGHT_SET_LEVEL_NO_ACK
message
• When dimmer switch stops moving
− send LIGHT_SET_LEVEL message

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 CSRmesh™
Example RGB Light

• RGB lights can be changed “over time”

− send LIGHT_SET_RGB with color and “duration”
− LIGHT_STATE is sent to acknowledge this command
− then LIGHT_STATE is sent once at commanded color

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 CSRmesh™
Network Security

• Secure device association to the network and distribution of the network key
− Diffie-Hellman-Merkle key exchange to prevent eavesdroppers
− Authorisation codes are used to prevent man-in-the-middle attack

• Message encryption and authentication

− Prevents against eavesdropping, replay and man-in-the-middle attacks
− All messages also have Message Authentication Code

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CSRmesh™
Technical Design

• Mesh Transport Layer

− Authenticates messages against known Network Keys Light model
− Enables relaying of messages through mesh network
Power model

• Mesh Association Protocol

State model
− Network management
...
• Mesh Control Protocol Mesh Association Mesh Control
Protocol Protocol
− Simple opcode / parameters
− Opcodes grouped by models Mesh Transport Layer (MTL)
− Exposes set of models supported

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CSRmesh™
Models

• Config Server model

− Device discovery within the model, ID assignments, models implemented etc.
• Group model
− Controls grouping of the devices by physical location or semantic meaning (“Kitchen”, “Living
Room”, “Security control” etc.)
• Power model
− Power state of the device – on, off, standby
• Switch model
− Controls individual switches and changes state of the other devices or groups
• Light model
− Controls brightness and colour of the light

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CSRmesh™
Models

• Firmware model
− Requests and controls the firmware update procedure
• Ping model
− Pings specific device or group of devices in the network and allows estimation of the network
physical topology
• Relay model
− Remotely controls relay capabilities of the device (and bridging to the other technologies)
• Data model
− Allows streaming of the data in custom format
• Battery model, Sensor model, Event model, Volume model, WallClock model
etc.

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CSRmesh 2.x
From local to global connectivity
Provides path from locally-
controlled mesh to global
connectivity
• Local control over Bluetooth
• Wi-Fi®-enabled gateway allows integration
GATEWAY into “smart home” ecosystem
• Cloud connectivity grants the “smart home”
control from anywhere
LOCAL

WIFI
GATEWAY
Connectivity is incremental
CLOUD • Gateway-only deployments are allowed:
“gateway” can be TV or STB
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Development
resources
Development package
Mesh node

CSRmesh node application runs on CSR101x/CSR102x silicon

• Reuses µEnergy SDK for development, debugging and deployment
• Provided as add-on package
• Example turn-key applications as source code
• Bearer, transport and protocol layers as libraries with model and core API exposed
• Additional production-line and development tools (mesh sniffer, programming tool, QR code generator)

Development kit to enable product prototyping

• 3× CSR101x development boards
• Two push buttons, switch, RGB LED, temperature sensor
• CSR102x IoT kit is in development

• Programmer kit
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Development package
Phone and gateway

Example controller applications for Android and iOS

• Bearer, transport and protocol layers provided as library with model and core API exposed
• Source code for example turn-key controller and configuring application

Example gateway implementation

• Based on OpenWRT package
• Uses CSR8510/CSR8811 for Bluetooth communication
• Bearer, transport and protocol layers provided as pre-compiled daemon
• Cloud and IP-based communication provided as source code
• Example application to illustrate API usage

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Development package
Cloud

Example cloud implementation

• Provided as Amazon AWS deployment
• Contains example management application and illustrates cloud-gateway communication
approach

Phone applications illustrate communication across all levels – node,

gateway and cloud

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CSRmesh™
Development Board

• Demo vehicle for CSRmesh™

applications
− RGB LED
− 2 push buttons (dimmer or volume control)
− Slide on-off switch
− External I²C temperature sensor

Part number: DB-CSR1010-10185-1A

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CSRmesh™
Development Kit

• Comprises:
• 3 CSRmeshTM development boards
• Programmer and cables
• Quick start guide

Part number: DK-CSR1010-10184-1A

Confidential and Proprietary – Qualcomm Technologies International, Ltd. 29
IoT Development Kit
Builds on CSR1010 version DK-CSR1025-10280-1A

Relay
• 3 x development boards included (Voltage free contacts)
• Access to the latest SDK included
• Programmer inclided
• White & RGB LEDs
• PIR sensor PIR
Sensor
• Control relay
White &
• External Flash (option) RGB LEDs
• Printed F antenna
• Single crystal
• Activation code enables access to SDK
• Intended for use with CSRmesh 2.1

Printed-F antenna

CSRmesh and CSR102x are products of Qualcomm Technologies International, Ltd. 30

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