Assignment No:

01
Submitted to:
Hina Qureshi
Submitted by:
Saba Noor
17581556-040
Submission Date:
7th march,2019.
Course:
Linear Algebra
UNIVERSITY OF GUJRAT
Q No.1:
Applications of linear algebra in field of IT.
Solution:
Importants of linear algebra:
Most mathematicians define Linear Algebra as that branch of mathematics that deals with the
study of vectors, vector spaces and linear equations. Modern mathematics also relies upon linear
transformations and systems of vector matrix. Analytic geometry utilizes the techniques learned
during a study of linear algebra, for analytically computing complex geometrical shapes. In
addition to science, engineering and mathematics, linear algebra has extensive applications in the
natural as well as the social sciences. Linear algebra today has been extended to consider n-
dimensional space. Although it is very difficult to visualize vectors in n-space, such n-
dimensional vectors are extremely useful in representing data. One can easily summarize and
manipulate data efficiently in this framework, when data are ordered as a list of n components.
Since the students who take pre-calculus have very little knowledge about the subject of
matrices, it has become very important to treat the subject matter in depth. In 1989, the NCTM
recognized the need for greater emphasis on linear algebra and stated that "matrices and their
applications" should receive "increased attention" in high school curriculum. It should be
recognized that linear algebra is as important as calculus to scientists and engineers. In linear
algebra one studies sets of linear equations and their transformation properties. It is possible to
consider the analysis of rotations in space, selected curve fitting techniques, differential equation
solutions, as well as many other problems in science and engineering using techniques of linear
algebra. Two tools are extensively used in linear algebra. They are: The Matrix and The
Determinant. Solution to a vector matrix model equation is regarded as one of the most important
of ‘central problems’ of linear algebra.

Objectives:
 Graph theory
 Network models
 Cryptography
 Computer graphics

Graph theory:
Graph Theory is anything concerned with the study of graphs. A graph can be anything with a set
of vertices and edges conveying/implying a meaning (or a relation).

The theories applying to Graph has exquisite uses in real life especially in the field of computing
as graphs can be used to mimic real life scenarios by programming. This is the reason why it is
included in every computer science related course.
For example, the above graph can be considered as a minimal representation of my friend’s
circle considering each connection as friendship between the two persons represented using the
vertices.

Network models:
Determine the current 𝐼1 , 𝐼2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐼3 for the following network.

Cryptography:

Cryptography is a method of protecting information and communications through the use of

codes so that only those for whom the information is intended can read and process it. The pre-
fix "crypt" means "hidden" or "vault" and the suffix "graphy" stands for "writing."

In computer science, cryptography refers to secure information and communication techniques

derived from mathematical concepts and a set of rule-based calculations called algorithms to
transform messages in ways that are hard to decipher. These deterministic algorithms are used
for cryptographic key generation and digital signing and verification to protect data privacy, web
browsing on the internet and confidential communications such as credit card transactions and
email.
Computer graphics:
In computer graphics every element is represented by a Matrix.