Name: ____________________________ GSI – Shuler

The Rise of Rome (pages 149-154)

Map:

Locate the following on the map provided:

 Rome  Sicily  Rubicon
 Carthag (shade orange) River
e  Judea  Aegean
 Byzantiu (shade green) Sea
m  Alps  Mediter
 Jerusale  Pyrenees ranean Sea
m Mts
Color Rivers Blue and Mountains Brown
Place red stripes over all the land that was part of the Roman
Empire by 14AD.
Place purple polka dots on the area that used to be the
Carthaginian Empire
Key Terms: Match the terms on the left with the correct
statement to the right.
1. Cannae a. Form of government in which the leader
is not a monarch and certain citizens
2. Consul have the right to vote.
b. Great landowners, Rome’s ruling elite
3. Hannibal c. Small farmers, craftspeople, merchants,
and less wealthy landholders.
4. Patrician d. Two people chosen every year that ran
the Roman army into battle and over saw
5. Plebeian the government.
e. Roman official in charge of civil law, law
6. Praetor that applied to citizens.
f. Select group of 300 patricians who
7. Punic Wars served for life.
g. Hannibal defeated the Romans at this
8. Republic battle but they refused to surrender.
h. Series of battles between Carthage and
9. Senate Rome which enabled the Romans to
control the Mediterranean.
i. Leader of the Carthaginian Army who
vowed to destroy Rome.

Key Points
The Land and the Peoples of Italy
10. What role did geography play in the prosperity and
defensibility of Rome?
Rome was located about 18 miles ____________________ on the
____________________ River, giving it access to the
____________________ while being far enough inland to be safe
from ____________________.
Rome was built on seven ____________________, so it was easily
____________________. It was situated where the
____________________ could easily be ____________________,
become a crossing point for north-south traffic.

11. Which groups of people

influenced the development of Rome?

a.

b.

c.

d.

12. In what ways did the Greeks and Etruscans influence the
Romans?
The Romans imitated the Greek’s ____________________,
____________________, ____________________, and
____________________. Romans also learned how to grow
____________________ and ____________________ from the
Greeks.
The Romans adopted the Etruscans’ ____________________ - the
toga and short cloak. The organization of the Roman
____________________ was also borrowed from the Etruscans.

The Roman Republic

13. In what way were the Romans good diplomats?
The Romans gained support of conquered people by giving them Roman
____________________ and by allowing them to run their
own____________________. Romans were excellent
____________________ and they were also
____________________ in law and politics.
The Roman State
14. Why did the plebeians resent the patricians?
The plebeians resented the patricians because the patricians did not
treat the plebeians as____________________. The plebeians could
not hold____________________, and their children could not
____________________ the children of the patricians.

15. Draw the diagram of the social hierarchy of Rome. Include

slaves, senate, plebeians, patricians, dictators, and consuls. Make
sure you put them in the correct place in the triangle.

Rome Conquers the Mediterranean

16. What was the cause of the First Punic War?
The First Punic War began when the Romans sent an army to
____________________ in 264 BC. The____________________
considered this an act of war because they considered
____________________ a part of their empire.

17. Create a flow chart of the major causes, events, and

effects of the Punic Wars:
First Punic War Second Punic War Third Punic War Results

18. What is the historical and cultural significance of the

roman destruction of Carthage?
Romans destroyed Carthage and dispersed its inhabitants by selling
them into ____________________. The Romans obliterated
Carthage to the point that nothing ____________________ for
archaeologists and historians to study.

Categorizing Information
19. List the offices or governing bodies that plebeians and/or
patricians could serve in. Include the following: consuls, praetors,
tribunes, Senate, council of the plebs, centuriate assembly.

Government of Rome

Patricians Plebeians

Name: _______________________ GSI-Shuler

Chapter 5, Section 2: From Republic to Empire
Key Terms: Match the terms on the left with the correct
statement to the right.
1. Dictator a. A government by three people of
equal power.
2. Imperator b. An absolute ruler.
c. Defeated Pompey and Crassus to
3. Julius Caesar become Dictator for Life
d. Caesar’s grandnephew and the
4. Nero first emperor of Rome
e. Commander in chief with complete
5. Octavian control of the roman army.
f. Emperor of Rome that is known for
Augustus killing people, especially Christians,
even his own mother and himself.
6. Triumvirate

Key Points

Growing Inequality and Unrest

7. Describe the economic and social crisis that existed for the small
farmers in Rome

a. Over a period of time, many small farmers found themselves

unable to ____________________ with large, wealthy,
landowners and had ____________________ their lands.
b. As a result, many of these small farmers drifted to cities,
especially Rome, forming a large class of
____________________.

8. How did the Gracchus brothers try to help the poor?

 a. They urged the ____________________ to pass laws that
would take back land from the large landowners and give it
to the landless poor.

9. How did Marius change the role of the army in ancient Rome?

a. Marius recruited soldiers by promising them

____________________. These soldiers swore an oath of
loyalty to the ____________________, not to the Roman
state.
b. Marius created a new type of army that was not under
____________________ control. This forced generals to
become involved in ____________________ in order to
get laws passed that would provide land for their veterans.

10. How did Sulla change the role of the army in ancient Rome?

a. Sulla used his army to __________ Rome itself in 82BC,

conducting a reign of __________ to wipe out all
opposition.

b. Then Sulla restored power to the _______________ and

eliminated most of the powers of the popular
____________________. His example of using his army
to seize power would prove most ____________________
to ambitious men in the future.

The Collapse of the Republic

11. Briefly describe the leaders who formed the First Triumvirate.
a. ____________________ was known to be the richest man
in Rome.
b. ____________________ had returned from Spain as a
military hero.
 c. ____________________also had a military command in
Spain and became Rome’s first dictator.

12. How did Caesar weaken the power of the Senate?

a. Caesar increased the Senate to __________ members. By
filling it with many of his ____________________ and
____________________ the number of members, he
weakened the power of the Senate.

13. List the men who formed the Second Triumvirate and explain their
fates.
a. ____________________ became first emperor.
b. ____________________ committed suicide with
Cleopatra VII.
c. ____________________ led Caesar’s cavalry.

14. Explain how the relationship between Antony and Cleopatra helped lead
to the fall of the Roman Republic:

The Age of Augustus

15. What two titles did the Senate give Octavian? What do the titles
mean?
a. In 27BC, the Senate awarded Octavian the title of
____________________ - “the
____________________ one,” a fitting title in view of his
power.
b. The senate also gave Octavian the title
____________________, or ____________________ in
chief.

16. Why did the Roman defeat in Germany devastate Augustus?

 a. His power was based largely on his control of the army, and
his loss proved that Rome’s power was not
____________________.

The Early Empire

17. How did Augustus’s political system provide for the succession of
rulers in the empire?
a. Augustus’s new political system allowed the emperor to
____________________ his successor from his natural or
adopted ____________________.

18. What was the Pax Romana?

a. The Pax Romana was a period of ____________________
and ____________________ that lasted for almost a
____________________ years.

19. What were the economic conditions and chief occupations in Rome
during the Early Empire?
a. The Early Empire was a period of much
____________________, with internal peace leading to
high levels of trade.

b. However, there was a large ____________________

between the wealthy and the poor, which led to government
handouts of ____________________.

c. Farming remained the chief occupation, but

____________________ and ____________________
were also important.
 Emperors
20. List the following emperors in the order that they ruled Rome and
write the one thing that each is most known for: Trajan, Tiberius,
Hadrian, Marcus Aurelius, Nerva, Caligula, Antoninus Pius, Claudius,
Augustus, Nero. Then highlight the names of the “five good emperors.”