Krypto500 User Manual Vol-1 PDF

Κrγρτο500
User Manual - Vol.1
General Operations
Κrγρτο500 User Manual - General Operations
Table of Contents
1. MAIN CONTROL PANEL .................................................................................................. 5
1.1. Graphic User Interface ............................................................................................................................. 5
1.2. Main Control Panel layout ....................................................................................................................... 7
1.3. Menu Bar ................................................................................................................................................. 8
1.4. Options .................................................................................................................................................... 9

1.4.1. Soundcard options......................................................................................................................................9
1.4.1.1. Sample Rate correction .....................................................................................................................9
1.4.2. Receiver control........................................................................................................................................10
1.4.3. Output Window Options ..........................................................................................................................11
1.4.4. Scanning Options ......................................................................................................................................11
1.5. FFT Window ........................................................................................................................................... 12

1.5.1. Basic display..............................................................................................................................................12
1.5.2. Parameter adjustments ............................................................................................................................13
1.5.3. Parameter options ....................................................................................................................................14
1.5.3.1. Frequency Start ...............................................................................................................................14
1.5.3.2. Frequency Range .............................................................................................................................14
1.5.3.3. Dynamic Offset ................................................................................................................................15
1.5.3.4. Dynamic Range................................................................................................................................15
1.5.3.5. Averaging ........................................................................................................................................15
1.5.3.6. Global FFT settings ..........................................................................................................................16
1.6. FFT Waterfall Window ........................................................................................................................... 17

1.6.1. Basic display..............................................................................................................................................17
1.6.2. Parameter adjustments ............................................................................................................................18
1.6.2.1. Averaging ........................................................................................................................................18
1.6.2.2. Palette .............................................................................................................................................18
1.6.2.3. Palette examples .............................................................................................................................19
1.7. Receiver Control Toolbar........................................................................................................................ 20
1.8. Decoder Selection .................................................................................................................................. 22
1.9. Global recording and logging .................................................................................................................. 24

1.9.1. Activity log - basics ...................................................................................................................................24
1.9.2. Settings - basic ..........................................................................................................................................25
1.9.3. Some typical setting scenarios .................................................................................................................27
1.9.4. Files ...........................................................................................................................................................28
1.10. Scanning................................................................................................................................................. 29
1.10.1. Control .................................................................................................................................................29
1.10.2. Receiver tune time. ..............................................................................................................................30
1.10.3. Scan file (.chn)......................................................................................................................................31
©Copyright C & S Intelligence Services, Ltd 2

1.11. Clock correction ..................................................................................................................................... 32

1.11.1. Overview ..............................................................................................................................................32
1.11.2. Procedure ............................................................................................................................................32
2. DECODING MODULES - GENERAL ................................................................................35
2.1. Basic layout ............................................................................................................................................ 35
2.2. Control layout ........................................................................................................................................ 36
2.3. Tuning .................................................................................................................................................... 37
2.4. Parsing ................................................................................................................................................... 40

2.4.1. Selection/deletion ....................................................................................................................................40
2.4.2. Parser table...............................................................................................................................................41
2.4.3. Parser Toolbar ..........................................................................................................................................42
2.4.3.1. Bitstream -ITA2 (Asynchronous data) .............................................................................................42
2.4.3.2. Bitstream - ASCII (Synchronous data) .............................................................................................42
2.4.3.3. Bitstream - KG84c ...........................................................................................................................43
2.4.3.4. BitACF ..............................................................................................................................................44
2.5. Ancillary controls ................................................................................................................................... 49

2.5.1. Save ..........................................................................................................................................................49
2.5.2. Logging......................................................................................................................................................49
2.5.3. Server........................................................................................................................................................50
2.5.4. Options .....................................................................................................................................................51
2.5.4.1. Select Font ......................................................................................................................................51
2.5.4.2. Filter blank lines /Add time stamps ................................................................................................52
2.5.4.3. Scroll Lock .......................................................................................................................................52
2.5.5. Additional Notes .......................................................................................................................................53
2.5.5.1. FFT in the Decoding Module Environment. ....................................................................................53
2.5.5.2. Error detection display ....................................................................................................................54
2.5.5.3. Time Stamping/Empty line filtering ................................................................................................54
2.5.5.4. Copying to clipboard .......................................................................................................................55
2.6. I/Q Phase Plane Plot (Constellation) ...................................................................................................... 56

2.6.1. Operation..................................................................................................................................................56
2.6.2. Working examples ....................................................................................................................................58

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1. Main Control Panel
1.1. Graphic User Interface
As an introduction the two following images give examples of typical layouts

including decoding modules but this Section pertains to the Main Control Panel.
Introduction to the general operation of decoder modules is discussed in Section 2.
The permanent window is the Main Control Panel. Its dimensions are decided by
the individual user. The remaining screen space is available for loading decoding
modules as required. In this example only one module is in use and there is
sufficient area to permit the individual FFT display to be enabled.

In this example the Main Control Panel remains as before. Three decoder modules
have been opened and resized into the available space. In order to conserve
screen space the individual FFT display in each decode module has been switched
out.

1.2. Main Control Panel layout
Menu Bar
Receiver Control Panel (if an

associated receiver has been
selected.
FFT Window. Visibility may be

selected by clicking the triangle to
toggle its Show/Hide state.
FFT Waterfall Window. Visibility may

be selected by clicking the triangle
to toggle its Show/Hide state.
The Main Control Panel may be

resized and positioned according to
the user's needs. The FFT and
Waterfall windows may also be
resized individually by dragging the
window border. Note however to
resize the FFT display the Waterfall
window must first be collapsed.
These settings are saved by the
application.
Tuning marks are only visible provided a decoding module is active, and the one
which is currently in focus if more than one.

1.3. Menu Bar
Four items are provided in the menu bar. These buttons also have associated
[ALT]+[First letter] shortcuts.
Section Section
1.8 1.9
Click for
Home Page
Version/Registration details.
....Refer Section 1.4
Advisories which will occur when Save is clicked.

1.4. Options
1.4.1. Soundcard options
This dialogue provides for selection of the soundcard

particularly where there may be multiple cards fitted.
The user may select the soundcard API. The options are
DirectSound API (box checked) Preferred.
Windows WaveIn API (box unchecked)
Soundcard channel. This option permits the user to run two

instances of Κrγρτο500 on the same PC using Stereo(Left channel) for
the first instance and Stereo(Right Channel) for the second. Refer
Installation Guide Section 3 for background connection information.
Soundcard buffer. A smaller buffer means lower latency and smoother FFT
display. However it may cause problems on some hardware. For low latency
buffering be sure to use DirectSound and not the Windows (WaveIn) API.
There is provision for adjusting the Sample Rate. This is discussed in Section
1.4.1.1
1.4.1.1. Sample Rate correction
Sample rate correction range is between 0.7 and 1.3. Where

<1 the real rate is lower than default, or if
>1 the real rate is greater than default.
An error will appear if one tries to Save a value outside valid limits.
Important: Once the user has become familiar with the layout and
basic operation of Κrγρτο500's GUI it is recommended that this value be
calibrated for the particular host computer. The procedure is discussed in
Section 1.12.
This is because the correct sample rate is the only factor which can be corrected for
complex modems (eg Mil.Std 188-110B, Stanag 4285, etc) where the center
frequency and speed are fixed.
The signal is only as good as the user receives it. However if the sample rate is not
correct the I/Q Constellation will not be stable so moves around, or is noisy even on
a signal with a good S/N ratio. These are the most obvious signs of problems.

1.4.2. Receiver control
Four parameters may be selected using drop menus.
Model (of receiver).
Further information may be obtained from Installation

Guide Section 4 (Receiver Control Information Library).
If Receiver control disabled is selected no Receiver

Control Panel will appear in the Main Control Panel
window.
Comport (to which the receiver

connected).
Display format
(on Receiver
Control Panel)
Log format
A fifth parameter is COM port settings.
By default the window is clear and the driver

parameters are those outlined in the
Installation Guide for the selected receiver.
However the user may have a requirement, for

whatever reason, to operate a receiver at other
than the default values. This is achieved by
entering in the desired parameters in the format
Baudrate, Parity, Databits, Stopbits
For Parity: N=none, E=even, O=odd.

1.4.3. Output Window Options
Output Buffering Timeout. Text is buffered and is updated when this timer
expires. This helps to avoid too frequent updates of the output window (i.e.
outputting raw bits at 2400 bits/sec would normally mean repainting (refreshing)
output window at over 2000 times/sec.). Setting this value to 500 mS or higher
may help with the cpu load on slower computers when needed.
Open FFT in decoder windows by default. When a new decoder window is

opened the FFT display window is made active by default. Irrespective of this
setting the FFT window may subsequently be toggled between the Show/Hide
status.
1.4.4. Scanning Options
Receiver tune time. During scanning this sets a small period after the receiver
frequency is changed to allow the receiver to stabilize.

1.5. FFT Window
1.5.1. Basic display
The FFT Window displays the signal - Strength v Frequency. There is a Show/Hide
toggle facility in the form of a small triangle.
When the mouse cursor is positioned within the grid a vertical frequency cursor
with blue background appears. At the same time CURSOR labelling appears
indicating the current frequency and the amplitude at that particular position.

1.5.2. Parameter adjustments
FFT Window parameters may be changed by right-clicking the window.

A sub-menu appears giving access to further selections discussed below.
The individual selection made is not indicated by a tick mark or black dot symbol
but by alteration of the window scales.
The adjustment selection points above to the relevant scale item.
When a change is made it is automatically saved.
If the host PC mouse is equipped with a mouse wheel this may be used to zoom the
dB scale.
a. to change the dB range use the wheel when the cursor is over the dB scale,
b. clicking the dB scale at top/bottom changes the offset in 10dB steps.
If the mouse is equipped with a middle key one can drag the FFT display to pan it
without the need to zoom in/zoom out.
Note: some mice may have a "clickable" wheel integrating both middle key and
wheel functions.

1.5.3. Parameter options
1.5.3.1. Frequency Start
Sets the left-hand end of the frequency scale
1.5.3.2. Frequency Range
Sets the right-hand end of the frequency scale
= Frequency Start + selected Range value

1.5.3.3. Dynamic Offset
Sets the base parameter for display sensitivity at top of scale.
= Dynamic Offset + selected Dynamic Range value
1.5.3.4. Dynamic Range
Sets the display sensitivity range at bottom of scale.
= Dynamic Offset + selected Dynamic Range value
1.5.3.5. Averaging
Provides a smoothing function on the waveform.
eg if set to 6 the currently displayed spectrum is the moving average

of the previous 6 traces.
Peak Hold causes the signal to build and be retained as in a storage

scope.
Example - CIS MFSK-20 at 10 symb/sec.

1.5.3.6. Global FFT settings
1.5.3.6.1. FFT Width
The FFT block is a time series unit containing the sampled data
and to which computation is applied.
Width sets the sampling resolution of the FFT block.
A high value results in a high frequency resolution but a poor time

resolution. A low value has the opposite effect.
1.5.3.6.2. FFT Overlap
A signal may contain two or more tones different in frequency but

only one on at a time. It may be difficult to differentiate individual
tones because the frequencies are contained within a single FFT
block.
Instead of moving forward by a whole block size for the next

computation it is possible to use this parameter to move forward
the block by a small amount.
This overlap in multiple processing of the data (eg 4x) will result in an increase in
the time resolution by the same factor. However this requires higher computation
processing and an apparent sluggishness in the resultant trace.
1.5.3.6.1. FFT Window
Adjusts the window filter scheme.

1.6. FFT Waterfall Window
1.6.1. Basic display
The FFT Waterfall Window displays the signal - Strength v Frequency over time.
There is a Show/Hide toggle facility in the form of a small triangle.
Three enabling buttons are provided. The two images above show the effect with
an FSK signal.
Cursor. Displays frequency (Hz) and strength (dB) at mouse pointer.
Center frequency of the system as set by decoder module in focus.
Tuning marker(s). As appropriate to decoder module in focus.

1.6.2. Parameter adjustments
Waterfall frequency and dynamic range is the same as that set for the Main Control
Panel . However it has its own Averaging setting.
Right click the FFT Waterfall window to access menu.
1.6.2.1. Averaging
Selected value displayed on the FFT Waterfall Title Bar.
1.6.2.2. Palette
The Waterfall can employ a custom color palette loading a .pal file.
This is a simple .txt file with 256 lines each containing RGB values.
First line in file represents maximum signal level color.
Last line in file represents minimum signal level color.
This format is used by other applications.
This permits the user to easily load a preferred color scheme. Clicking the Load
palette file option above causes the Windows Open... dialogue to appear and the
user to select the required scheme.

1.6.2.3. Palette examples
burntPaper coldRainbow
default default-color

1.7. Receiver Control Toolbar
Missing
If Receiver control disabled is the selected receiver model in Options there will
be no Receiver Control Toolbar in the Main Control Panel.
Once a receiver has been selected the Receiver Control Toolbar will appear. If the
Main Control Panel has been set fairly narrow the Receiver Control Toolbar will wrap
as shown below.
The selected
receiver is shown
in the first
button.
This button may

be clicked to
toggle between
two states:
Remote disabled - black flag - controls greyed out (inactive)

Receiver switched to its manual mode. The receiver RF gain is
returned to that determined by the RF Gain control
Remote enabled - blue flag - controls active.

Receiver switched to its remote mode and its controls locked. Where
command availability permits the receiver is switched to maximum RF
gain.
The remote state (enabled/disabled) will be saved when the Main Control Panel is
closed. This permits the user to pre-set the state for the next opening of
Κrγρτο500

Selected receiver and remote enable/disable
Receiver manual controls Scanning controls

See Section 1.11
If scanning is stopped receiver operation can be manipulated manually by these

controls.
Frequency and Filter (bandwidth) - each digit can be changed by left-clicking with
mouse to increment, and right-clicking to decrement.
Mode and AGC options may be selected via drop menus. Modes available will be
restricted to those supported by the selected receiver.
ATT(enuation) will toggle between On/Off.

1.8. Decoder Selection
Click Decoder in the Main Control Panel menu (alternatively use the [ALT]+[D]
keys) to open the Decoder Selector.
Click the appropriate tab to access the

required category list.
If necessary adjust the vertical slider to

bring the required decode module into view
then double click it to open it.

Further navigation options:
1. Keyboard keys.
[Arrow] keys may be used - right/left to switch between categories,

up/down to select an item.
[ENTER] key (or single mouse click) opens the decoder which has been selected.
[ESCAPE] key clears the decoder index.
2. Search facility.
The user can also search in the decoder list by typing in a keyword (case is
irrelevant).
The current keyword will appear in the area Type for fulltext search as
Search:keyword and the index list will update as appropriate.
Example keyword = MIL-STD 188
Remember to clear the keyword with the [Backspace] key before entering another
keyword.
Note: Up to 32 decode modules may be opened simultaneously.
Decode module operation in general is discussed in Section 2 of this Volume, and in

particular to specific modules in Section 3 (Vol.2).

1.9. Global recording and logging
This is the central control panel for the global logging and recording functions
throughout Κrγρτο500.
1.9.1. Activity log - basics
On first opening the Activity log will appear.
The Manual button starts and stops recording of audio (.WAV) toggling between
Manual start and Manual stop.
The Status window indicates
MANUAL - IDLE
MANUAL - RECORDED xxs (when recording manually showing file length)
AUTOMATIC - IDLE
AUTOMATIC RECORDED xxs - TIMEOUT IN xxs
(when recording automatically showing file length)
The Show Settings button toggles between Show/Hide setting to open/close an

expanded panel.

1.9.2. Settings - basic
Automatic control: enables automatic recording of audio to .wav file as

criteria arise.
Logfile selection An activity logfile (.log) may be saved even if automatic

recording is off.
Every log record is either appended/saved to a single file, or
alternatively each is saved to a separate file. This function may
be disabled by setting to No logfile.
Timeout: When a channel is declared empty recording will continue for

this period before stopping.
Sampling rate: Options are 8 kHz and 48 kHz.

However 8 kHz rate files are much smaller and 4kHz (8kHz/2)
bandwidth is usually sufficient for HF work.
Recordings directory: The [...] browse button is used to navigate to and select
the destination folder the user has created for saving recorded
.wav files.

A small table opens with a minimum of two entries (see image above):
Default for new decoders
Voice detection
Remaining decoders must be opened before they appear in the table.
Source: Indicates which decoders (in addition to the minimum two) are open.
Start: If enabled system starts recording when decoder BUSY.
Keep: If enabled ensures the system keeps recording while decoder remains
BUSY.
Stop: If enabled cease recording when the STOP event occurs.
Status: Indicates the current decoder status. These are:

IDLE (or blank) No signal, empty channel
BUSY Usually linked to the decoder DCD state.
START Start event flagged.
STOP Stop event flagged.
START/STOP events are sent only by session related decoders. Decoders
such as Stanag 4285 have no "beginning" or "end" transmission (SOM/EOM is
unreliable) due to their lack of a synch procedure in the waveform design
specification.

Minimum sources:
Default for new decoders. These are the user preferred settings which will be
applied to a new decoder (either new or one which
has not previously been opened).
Voice detection This is a sophisticated algorithm which attempts to

detect SSB voice (only).
Parameter retention:
All settings are saved on exiting this panel. Note also that the settings for
individual decoder modules are saved separately.
1.9.3. Some typical setting scenarios
a. Restrict to only log activity.

Automatic OFF,
Single log,
Check keep
b. Record an ALE net with voice follow-on.

Automatic ON,
Voice Detection. Keep only checked,
ALE Keep and Stop checked,
Timeout set to about 30-120 seconds.
Depends on how well Voice Detection performs against the voice.
c. Record Mil-Std 188-110B bursts.

Automatic ON,
Voice Detection unchecked,
188-110B Start and Keep checked,
Timeout about 30 seconds.
Depends on spaces between bursts in session.

1.9.4. Files
This image shows a section of a typical Recordings Directory folder. In this case
recording has been carried out to separate files. Two files are recorded:
.log Log activity file.

.wav Audio file
The filename is the same for both being given a date-time related format as
follows.
yyyyMMDD_hhmmss
A typical log file:

1.10. Scanning
Scanning is guided by the contents of a suitable scan (.chn) file. Its format is
discussed in Section 1.10.3.
1.10.1. Control
Controls disabled/greyed out until receiver is

selected and placed in remote mode.
File Load
Scan Run On initial opening Channel Count will be zero
and File Load enabled. Click File Load and
load required .chn file via Windows Load
dialogue
Status and timer bar

Channel Count
Pause
Status after selecting required file. Pointer

positioned at first scan record. Scan Run
enabled. Click to scan.
Period during which receiver is being re-

tuned. Refer Section 1.10.2.
During scanning counter increments. Scan

Run button is disabled and Pause button
enabled. Status shows the remaining time
for the channel delay.
On clicking Pause, scanning stops (note

status) and the File Load/Scan Run buttons
are both enabled permitting loading of a new
scan file or resumption of current scan.

When the decode module is processing a

signal it sets a flag. Scanning is halted
momentarily until this completes.
After loading a scan file left-clicking/right-clicking of the least significant channel

digit will cause the scan direction to increment/decrement respectively.
1.10.2. Receiver tune time.
During scanning all events are ignored for the set time period (See Section 1.3 -
Menu|OPTIONS) after the receiver is tuned.
Soundcard buffer size is adjustable in the OPTIONS panel. The total delay is 2x
the selected buffer size (i.e. double buffering).
There is currently double-buffering in Κrγρτο500 with 100mS block size. This

means there is a 100mS delay for the sound stream. Soundcard drivers can have
some buffering as well.
The default for Receiver tune time is 0 (no delay) but the value may be different
depending on the soundcard/receiver combination.

1.10.3. Scan file (.chn)
Typical Scan File:

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;USAF
delay=3 ; delay - time in seconds to stay on channel
3059000,USB,3000 ;channel
3068000,USB,3000
3137000,USB,3000
4490000,USB,3000
4721000,USB,3000
5708000,USB,3000
5711000,USB,3000
6715000,USB,3000
6721000,USB,3000
6800000,USB,3000
7632000,USB,3000
8965000,USB,3000
9025000,USB,3000
9057000,USB,3000
9106000,USB,3000
11217000,USB,3000
11226000,USB,3000
11250000,USB,3000
13215000,USB,3000
13242000,USB,3000
15043000,USB,3000
15094000,USB,3000
17487000,USB,3000
18003000,USB,3000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Delay indicates the time in seconds (inc 0.1 secs) which the scan holds the receiver
on channel (aka dwell). The default time is 3 seconds.
Each channel line gives the
Frequency (in Hz)
Mode
Filter bandwidth (in Hz)
Badly coded lines are ignored
Data to the right of a semi-colon (;) is treated as remarks and ignored.

1.11. Clock correction
1.11.1. Overview
This procedure is to calibrate Κrγρτο500 against the specific soundcard it uses and
the environment in which it runs. This is required to overcome imprecision in
timing-sensitive modes. It should also be carried out whenever the hardware is
modified and which may alter the interrupt timing.
This procedure may be carried out against a weather FAX transmission but these
scanners may have slight integral timing errors depending on quality of
maintenance. It is much more prudent to utilise a time signal transmission eg
Colorado (WWV), Anthorn (MSF) etc. The following procedure is based on a time
signal. The pattern seen will depend on which time signal transmission is actually
used.
1.11.2. Procedure
Step 1
Open the OPTIONS panel and ensure Sample Rate Correction = 1.0000
Save and exit OPTIONS. Close and restart Κrγρτο500.
Step 2
Open the FAX decode module. Set Mode to AM. Set Zoom 50%. Resize to full
screen.
On opening the Clock Correction will be set at 1.0000000
With receiver in CW or USB mode tune to the time signal frequency such that the
time signal tone is aligned with the Center marker at 2400Hz.
A picture will develop. Look for a white/black transition line. Most likely this line
will slant.
The objective is to make this exactly vertical.

Step 3
If the slant is to the right reduce the value of Clock correction.

If the slant is to the left increase the value of clock correction.
Continue until the transition line is nearly vertical.

Click at, or just left, of the transition line.
Step 4
With the transition line now close to the left margin the optical illusion now assists
in determining whether the line is still slanting or parallel with the margin.
Continue adjusting the Clock correction value (and repositioning the line for
optimum gap) until both are parallel.
As one approaches the parallel condition it will take successively longer to assess
and smaller step values will be required. This may take some time to achieve but it
is a one-off exercise but patience is its own reward.

Step 5
When one is satisfied that the transition line is now parallel to the left margin (and
therefore vertical) make note of the final Clock Correction value. Close the FAX
module.
Return to the OPTIONS panel and insert the Clock Correction value into the
Sample rate correction box.
Click Save and close/restart Κrγρτο500. Calibration is complete.
Final note.
Should the user wish to calibrate in more than one session the following action is
recommended.
Open OPTIONS panel. Note Sample rate correction value and change entry to
1.000.
Save and restart Κrγρτο500.
Open FAX module and set Clock Correction to the noted Sample rate correction
value.
Set up, and continue as before.

2. Decoding Modules - General
2.1. Basic layout
The decode module consists of three primary areas:
FFT Window(if enabled)

Controls
Decode window.
Control areas will be expanded in subsequent sections.
The decode window is self-explanatory. Received data is printed at the bottom of

the window once this position is achieved (screen full). Thereafter earlier data is
pushed up the window.
The module may be resized.

2.2. Control layout
Controls will be relevant to specific modules.
Two typical control arrangements are illustrated.
The first is on the ITA2 FSK module where the center frequency is variable. The
second is the Stanag 4285 module.
Parser controls
Decoding parameter controls
Parser selection tabs
Ancillary controls
Parser Toolbar
Other than the functioning of counters, decode parameter controls arising in specific
modules will be discussed as necessary in the appropriate section in Vol.2.
Parsing is discussed in Section 2.4.
Ancillary Controls are discussed in Section 2.5.
Note that if the width of a decode module is reduced or the number of components
many there comes a point where functions on the right-hand of toolbars are
wrapped to the row below.

2.3. Tuning
The module opens with parameters (Center, Shift and Speed) offset.
To adjust counters place mouse cursor on a required digit.
Adjust by using mouse wheel, or by clicking Left key to increment/clicking Right key
to decrement. The markers in the FFT Window will change accordingly.

Likewise adjust the Shift counter so that the markers align with the tones.
Finally adjust the Speed.
With any remaining parameters correctly set valid decoding results.
Note: When running decoders will correct for 10% of shift/tuning errors.

Alternatively if tuning is offset
click the required Center of the system.
The tuning markers will re-align and the Center count will change.
Note: All CENTER frequency controls (located on the Main Control Panel and on the
current decoding module) are linked together. When one alters the value on one all
others will be updated instantaneously to the new value.

2.4. Parsing
2.4.1. Selection/deletion
When decoding takes place the data is parsed before it appears in the decode
window. Parsers are designed to meet certain criteria. When a decode module is
opened it will have a number of parsers available by default. These are indicated
by tabs.
This example is the Stanag 4285.

Note that the I/Q Phase Plane is included.
The active parser is indicated by white lettering.
Individual parsers may be deleted by selecting the

Parser Delete cross on the appropriate tab.
To add further parsers click the Parser tab the Parser selection lists appear. This
also occurs when all parsers are deleted
The selection and loading method is per that used for Decoder selection. Up to 32
parsers may be added to any one decoder module.
The contents of the lists relate to those parsers available for the current decoding
module.

2.4.2. Parser table
Parser(s) which appear by default, and the range which may be added, are both
dependant on the individual decode module and may be limited. Where permitted
there may be up to 32 parsers per module.
The following table summarises the general availability.
Group Parser Comments

Bitstream ASCII 7/8bit asynchronous or synchronous
output.
ITA-2 Parser with function specific to 5bit

Baudot alphabet. Supports
different alphabets
KG84C KG-84C crypto parser.
BitACF Visualisation of data bits

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5Bit ITA-2 Parser with functions specific to 5Bit
Baudot alphabet. Supports different
alphabets.
KG84C in 5N1 mode KG84C crypto parser

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6/7/8Bit ASCII
Simple Text Simple 7/8 bit fully unicode capable

text output window with disk logging
and built-in TCP/IP server.
KG84C in 8N1 mode KG84C crypto parser

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Output ITA-2 Parser with functions specific to 5Bit
Baudot alphabet. Supports different
alphabets.
Simple text Simple 7/8bit fully unicode capable

text output window with disk logging
and built-in TCP/IP server.
KG84C in 5N1 mode KG-84C crypto parser.
KG84C in 8N1 mode KG-84C crypto parser.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I/Q Phase plane plot Produces constellation diagram.

2.4.3. Parser Toolbar
When particular parsers are selected additional options may also become functional.
2.4.3.1. Bitstream -ITA2 (Asynchronous data)
A drop-menu is offering a selection of framing options.
Charset (Character Set) -

(Chinese Telegram Code)
Clicking ABC forces Letters table. Clicking 123 forces Figures table.
Checking Invert will cater for a situation where the recovered tones are reversed
i.e. due to incorrect sideband, BFO incorrectly set, etc.
Checking one of the "on space" boxes will have this function occur automatically
when a Space is received.
2.4.3.2. Bitstream - ASCII (Synchronous data)
A drop-menu is
offering a selection
of framing
options.
Checking Invert will cater for a situation where the recovered tones are reversed ie
due to incorrect sideband, BFO incorrectly set, etc.

2.4.3.3. Bitstream - KG84c
A drop-menu is offering a selection of framing options.
State indicates
IDLE waiting for message
HEADER processing header
DATA outputting data
Option-Hexadecimal If checked output is in HEX, otherwise in Binary.
Remaining options determine output presentation. Refer Section 3.2.23 (Vol.2)

STANAG 4481 for examples.

2.4.3.4. BitACF
This parser is limited to the Mil.Std 188-110 and STANAG modes under the PSK
group, and to Sync FSK and STANAG 4481 under the FSK group.
When called the parser opens with an ACF FFT window above, and an empty
window below to display the bit ACF.
The FFT has an associated toolbar:
FFT Size Averaging Zoom
The Pause button [ red when active] locks the contents of the buffer
and allows the user to try different lengths using the same data

When the mouse cursor is placed in the ACF FFT a vertical cursor appears as does
the Cursor: position indicator in the toolbar.
This vertical cursor should be aligned with a suitable ACF spike and the mouse left-
key clicked. The bit pattern of the internal data is written to the lower window;
either for the first time or overwriting the previous display. Writing is left to right
and top to bottom. The right hand of the lower display is aligned with the vertical
cursor.
In the toolbar a new label Selected: indicates this position and remains even when
the cursor leaves the FFT window and the vertical cursor and Cursor: disappear.

Example : ITA2 RTTY throughput in a STANAG 4285 using 5N2 frame.
BitACF provides a visual display of the data bits (White=1, Black=0)
Constant 1 bits
2*Stop bits(1) 1* Start Bit(0) 5* data bits.
8 ACF spikes = 64. Therefore 1 ACF period = 8.
This equates to 1 stop bit + 5 databits + 2 stop bits.

Example: Mil.Std 188-110A (2400/S) with 8-bit synchronous throughput
Cursor shows each ACF spike (each repeatable character) occurs every 8 bits. As
shown below each character ends with Bit 8 = 0.
It is worth checking in complex modem transmissions if a major ACF spike occurs.

In this case one is just perceptible (slightly higher spike) at 1824 (each block of
1824/8 = 228 bytes). With cursor aligned click it. Selected: is set to 1824 and
the BitACF window is set between 0 and 1824. Moving the green slider allows the
user to examine the data on a block by block basis.

Zoom: can be changed to expand/contract

the BitACF display in both axis
Regular black vertical lines. (Not Stop bit).

<-8 bits->
Regular repeated bit patterns
within the 228 byte blocks.
7 bits (ASCII) + "0"

Highest bit
in 8-Bit ASCII.

2.5. Ancillary controls
Four additional control groups are available

to each decoding module.
Discussed below are a number of facilities therein of which five have an individual
status icon to indicate it is active.
2.5.1. Save
If the Save to file option the previously decoded data in the receive buffer will be
saved and the file closed.
2.5.2. Logging
If the Open disk log option is selected a file will be opened and subsequent data
appended until the decode module is closed or the now active Close disk log option
is clicked.
Save to file/Open disk log will both

open the Windows Save As dialogue.
Any filename may be given but a
default one is offered based on the
date-time format
YYYYMMDD_hhmmss.
The file extension will depend on the
ANSI/UNICODE/RTF choice made.
Saving output to RTF will preserve

text colors and formatting

2.5.3. Server
Employed where the user wishes to transfer the data to another application.
The TCP/IP server will output the data in ANSI or UNICODE as selected. On clicking
the relevant option the server requests the port number [TCP/IP Server listen
port] on which it will listen for connections (Range 1-65535). When enabled any
application can connect to the server to obtain parser output.. However the
maximum number of connections to a single parser TCP/IP server is 16.
[Listen on interface with IP] determines the scope of connections.
127.0.0.1 Restricted to the host PC running Κrγρτο500
xxx.x.x.x Restricted to the nominated IP address.
0.0.0.0 Used to listen on all interfaces. This may have security

implications (output data available to all) for the user and
should not be considered lightly.
Once set returning to the Server menu it will be found that Stop TCP server will
now be active. Additionally if one closes the parser or decode window all clients will
be disconnected and the server will be stopped automatically.

2.5.4. Options
Clear output window of decoded data.
Applies Scroll Locking to the individual decoder.

Refer Section 2.5.4.3
2.5.4.1. Select Font
Font selected for output window for one

module will be saved and used by all.

2.5.4.2. Filter blank lines /Add time stamps
As a result of the two settings:

a. multiple CR/LFs have been removed (Filter blank lines) and
b. a time stamp has been added in gray (v black for decoded data).
In addition the frequency from the Receiver Control Panel appears after the
time with a suffix letter indicating the receiver mode.
U usb L lsb I isb C cw R rtty A am
If the receiver in the Receiver Control Panel is disabled no frequency is
shown.
2.5.4.3. Scroll Lock
This function may be applied using either the Scroll Lock option as noted in Section
2.5.4 in an individual decoder module, or globally (all active decoders) by means of
Scroll Lock key on the keyboard.
When Scroll Lock is active the decoded data continues to be stored in the receive
buffer but ceases to be written to the parser window. On being returned to the
inactive state the missing data is immediately written to the window after which
data continues to appear at the decode speed.
This function is very useful when copying text to the clipboard from a decoder
which constantly outputs text.

2.5.5. Additional Notes
2.5.5.1. FFT in the Decoding Module Environment.
a. The FFT window can be toggled between Hide/Show by means of the triangle
in the FFT title bar.
b. The window may be opened by default by checking the setting in the

OPTIONS panel (see Section 1.3)
c. The height of the FFT window may be adjusted by dragging the lower border.
d. If this new height is also to be saved as the new default right click the FFT
window.
This reveals a similar drop menu to that available in the

Main Control Panel (See Section 1.5.2). Adjustments here
are the same.
However in the Decode Module version there is an

additional function - Save FFT height as default.
Click to action.
Click to confirm.

2.5.5.2. Error detection display
Where an FSK module has integral error correction this will be displayed as follows:
In this example of Sitor-B black text is correctly received. If red then one of the
two channels has been received corrupt. If both channels are corrupt a red tilde
symbol is used.
2.5.5.3. Time Stamping/Empty line filtering
When enabled, time stamping and empty line filtering affects raw data logs and TCP
server output.
Warning: Time stamping and line filtering are NOT 8bit/16bit transparent. All
parser output channels are affected (log, save to file, TCP server).
The user may always open two parsers of the same type;
a. one logging with timestamps and line filtering, and
b. the other saving 8bit/16bit-safe decoder output.
These functions treat the decoder output as text. It means some control characters
are discarded in the process, making the output no longer 100% binary
transparent.

2.5.5.4. Copying to clipboard
Right-clicking the parser (decode) window will result in the menu
With data decoded in the parser window the following method may be used to copy
to clipboard.
Press the Scroll Lock key. SLCK icon lights, and updating of parser window stops.
Highlight the section of decoded data required (e.g. click and drag).
Right-click the parser window and click the Copy to clipboard option.
Click Parser window to clear selection block, and press Scroll Lock key to permit
decoder to continue updating window.
Process data in clipboard as required.
In the menu Clear provides an alternative route to the Options|Clear output

window.
In addition, in any decode module with a Status display, the user should be aware
that by right-clicking this display it's contents will be copied to the clipboard.

2.6. I/Q Phase Plane Plot (Constellation)
2.6.1. Operation
To open click the I/Q - Phase Plane tab (where available) in the Parser bar.
The window opens with a set of controls to adjust three display parameters.
Ageing Zoom Mode
In this description two phase symbols (2-ary) are shown with controls in default
settings. As with decoding in the parent module the constellation is not updated
until the module achieves sync with the signal.
Constellations will be sharper on the better SNR signals, with little/no fading and
the decoding module Mode correctly set (bps/interleave).
Slight clockwise/anti-clockwise rotational shifting denotes multipath fading.

Increasing Ageing will cause a higher persistence of the symbols.
Changing Zooming will cause the size of the display to increase or decrease.
Clicking the Lines Mode box will cause transit lines to connect relevant symbols.

2.6.2. Working examples
1-ary - idling on 0s.
2-ary
4-ary
8-ary (188-110A serial 2400/Short)

16-ary (Mil-Std 188-110B serial)
Special quadruple display for 4+4 QPSK

-013

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User Manual - Vol.1

1. MAIN CONTROL PANEL .................................................................................................. 5

1.1. Graphic User Interface ............................................................................................................................. 5

1.2. Main Control Panel layout ....................................................................................................................... 7

1.3. Menu Bar ................................................................................................................................................. 8

1.4. Options .................................................................................................................................................... 9

1.5. FFT Window ........................................................................................................................................... 12

1.6. FFT Waterfall Window ........................................................................................................................... 17

1.7. Receiver Control Toolbar........................................................................................................................ 20

1.8. Decoder Selection .................................................................................................................................. 22

1.9. Global recording and logging .................................................................................................................. 24

©Copyright C & S Intelligence Services, Ltd 2

1.11. Clock correction ..................................................................................................................................... 32

2. DECODING MODULES - GENERAL ................................................................................35

2.1. Basic layout ............................................................................................................................................ 35

2.2. Control layout ........................................................................................................................................ 36

2.3. Tuning .................................................................................................................................................... 37

2.4. Parsing ................................................................................................................................................... 40

2.5. Ancillary controls ................................................................................................................................... 49

2.6. I/Q Phase Plane Plot (Constellation) ...................................................................................................... 56

©Copyright C & S Intelligence Services, Ltd 3

This page has intentionally been left blank.

©Copyright C & S Intelligence Services, Ltd 4

1. Main Control Panel

1.1. Graphic User Interface

As an introduction the two following images give examples of typical layouts

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1.2. Main Control Panel layout

Receiver Control Panel (if an

FFT Window. Visibility may be

FFT Waterfall Window. Visibility may

The Main Control Panel may be

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1.3. Menu Bar

....Refer Section 1.4

Advisories which will occur when Save is clicked.

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1.4.1. Soundcard options

This dialogue provides for selection of the soundcard

Soundcard channel. This option permits the user to run two

1.4.1.1. Sample Rate correction

Sample rate correction range is between 0.7 and 1.3. Where

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1.4.2. Receiver control

Four parameters may be selected using drop menus.

Model (of receiver).

Further information may be obtained from Installation

If Receiver control disabled is selected no Receiver

Comport (to which the receiver

A fifth parameter is COM port settings.

By default the window is clear and the driver

However the user may have a requirement, for

For Parity: N=none, E=even, O=odd.

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1.4.3. Output Window Options

Open FFT in decoder windows by default. When a new decoder window is

1.4.4. Scanning Options

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1.5. FFT Window

1.5.1. Basic display

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