Teaching Plan *all should have SKA (Skills; Knowledge; Attitude)

1. Underweight

Intended Content Strategies Resources Evaluation

Outcomes
1.Cognitive Cold Teaching Learning * Materials: Pen and
Subtopic Activity: Activity: A plate with paper test:
The mother will - Introduction Health information A five item
be able to - Definition of teaching with Guided taped onto short quiz
identify the underweight. visual aids observations it.
causes of being - When is a and
underweight. person demonstration Question * Human Give
underweight? and answer Resources: examples of
The mother will - Risks of period Student healthy
be able to recall being nurse foods that
the ways on underweight may help to
how to succeed - Causes * Time: 15 improve
in dealing with - Treatment minutes weight.
underweight. - Foods and
tips that may
help to gain
2.Affective weight.

The mother
participates in
health teaching
with no to
limited
interruptions.

3.Psychomotor

The mother will

be able to pick
out foods that
are healthy and
affordable for
the child that
may help to
ameliorate her
weight.
Introduction
Being underweight can represent as many health concerns to an individual as being
overweight can. If a person is underweight, their body may not be getting the
nutrients it needs to build healthy bones, skin, and hair.

Definition of Underweight
An underweight person is a type of person whose body weight is considered too low
to be healthy. Underweight people have a body mass index (BMI) of under 18.5 or a
weight 15% to 20% below that normal for their age and height group.

When is a person underweight?

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommend people use a body mass inde
weight, or overweight.

Using the BMI is considered a good measure of a person's weight because it compares their weig
not be overweight if they are very tall but could be overweight if they are very short.

A person can calculate their BMI by visiting the CDC's Adult BMI Calculator. Ranges for BMI includ

Underweight: less than 18.5

Normal/healthy weight: 18.5 to 24.9
Overweight: 25.0 to 29.9
Obese: 30 or higher

These calculations may be slightly inaccurate for a person who is an elite or endurance athlete
because muscle weighs more than fat.

Risks of being underweight

Being underweight can cause health problems, just as being overweight can.

Not all people who are underweight experience adverse side effects or symptoms
from being underweight. However, some people, experience the following symptoms
related to being underweight:

Getting sick frequently. If a person does not get enough energy from their diet to
maintain a healthy body weight, they may also not be getting enough nutrients to
fight off infections. As a result, a person may get sick more frequently, and common
illnesses, such as a cold, can last longer than they usually would.

Feeling tired all the time. Calories are a measurement of the energy a particular
food can give a person. Not getting enough calories to maintain a healthy weight can
make a person feel fatigued.
Anemia. A person who is underweight is more likely to have low blood counts,
known as anemia, which causes dizziness, headaches, and fatigue.

Slow or impaired growth. Young people need nutrients to grow and develop
healthy bones. Being underweight and not getting enough calories could mean a
person may not develop as expected. Doctors call this a 'failure to thrive.'

According to a study published in the journal BMC Public Health, being underweight
is associated with an increased risk for mortality when compared to people with an
average BMI. The researchers suggested that being underweight may impair a
person's healing processes following an accident or trauma compared to a person
with an average BMI.

Causes

There are a variety of reasons why a person may be underweight. Sometimes,

multiple underlying causes may be related. Causes of being underweight include:

Family history. Some people have a naturally low BMI due to physical
characteristics that run in their family.

A high metabolism. If a person has a high metabolism, they may not gain much
weight even when eating high-energy foods.

Frequent physical activity. Athletes or people who engage in high levels of

physical activity, such as runners, may burn significant amounts of calories that
result in low body weight.

Physical illness or chronic disease. Some disease types can cause regular
nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, making it difficult to gain weight. Other conditions
may decrease a person's appetite, so they do not feel like eating.

Mental illness. Poor mental health can affect a person's ability to eat, including
depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and eating disorders,
such as anorexia and bulimia. Each of these conditions can affect a person's body
image and appetite.

Treatment

If a person is underweight, there are various healthful weight-gain methods that they
can try. A person can gain weight by following a healthful diet that incorporates
nutritious calorie-dense foods. A doctor may recommend a person tries a specific
diet for weight gain or refer them to a dietitian, who can help a person develop a diet
plan that works for them.
Some key components of a diet for weight gain may include:

Adding snacks. High-protein and whole-grain carbohydrate snacks can help a

person gain weight. Examples include peanut butter crackers, protein bars, trail mix,
pita chips and hummus, or a handful of almonds.

Eating several small meals a day. Sometimes a person may be underweight

because they cannot tolerate eating large meals. Instead, a person can eat several
small meals throughout the day.

Incorporating additional foods. A person can add calorie-dense food sources to

their existing diet, such as putting slivered almonds on top of cereal or yogurt,
sunflower or chia seeds on a salad or soup, or nut butter on whole-grain toast.

Avoiding empty calories. Eating high-calorie foods may cause a person to gain
weight, but they also have excess fats that could affect a person's heart and blood
vessels. A person should avoid foods that are high in sugar and salt.

Foods and tips that may help to gain weight.

 Rice
 Milk
 Red meats
 Potatoes, sweet potatoes
 Oats
 Eggs
 Nuts

Tips:

 Make that most meals and snacks are nutrient-rich.

 Good source of protein.
 Avoid junk foods.
 Have a plenty of sleep.