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Storm Water Drainage for Underpass

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 IJIRST –International Journal for Innovative Research in Science & Technology| Volume 3 | Issue 09 | February 2017
ISSN (online): 2349-6010

Storm Water Drainage for Underpass

Kamal Patel Khushboo Patel
PG Student PG Student
Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering
Shankersinh Vaghela Bapu Institute of Technology, India Shankersinh Vaghela Bapu Institute of Technology, India

Rajvansh Patel Kalgi Trivedi

PG Student PG Student
Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering
Shankersinh Vaghela Bapu Institute of Technology, India Shankersinh Vaghela Bapu Institute of Technology, India

Dhaval M Patel
Assistant Professor
Department of Civil Engineering
Shankersinh Vaghela Bapu Institute of Technology, India

Abstract
The underpass of Ahmedabad city (Akhbarnagar underpass, Naranpura underpass, Incometex underpass, Mithakhadi underpass,
Thaltej underpass, Parimal garden underpass, Shahibaug underpass) are waterlogged every year during monsoon due to which
the whole traffic systems gets blocked for hours. Akhbarnagar underpass has a major issue such as traffic, water logging in
nearby areas, spreading diseases by water, blockage of storm drain & backflow of suction valve. Surrounding topography, Road
gradient, population data, rainfall data of previous year, sewer network analysis and improvement in pump capacity is required to
solve this problem. Also, vacuum sewerage system, kerb drain system, improvement in sewer network is the most important
possible solution for fight against storm water. Defects in current situation of underpass will overcome by using Quantum GIS &
Google earth pro software data, AutoCAD.
Keywords: Storm Water, Storm-Drain System, Underpass, Kerb Drain System, Filtered Channel
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

I. INTRODUCTION

Storm Water
Storm water is water that originates during precipitation process & snow melt. In natural landscape such as forest, soil absorb
much of the storm water & plant help to hold it [1]. But unmanaged storm water can create two major issues such as flooding
(runoff water) & water pollution related to potential contaminants [2]. Also, storm water is an important resource for human’s
need. Techniques of storm water harvesting, water management, storm water drainage, purification can potentially make urban
environment self-sustaining. Storm water is a major cause of urban flooding which includes flash flooding, snow melt, heavy
rainfall & depends on catchment area. Storm water is a major cause of urban flooding which includes flash flooding snow melt,
heavy rainfall & depends on catchment area. Main problems arise due to storm water are blockage of drainage (storm drain) &
backflow of valve.
Tunnel
A tunnel is a passage way that carries people or vehicle to across a destination that have obstruction or to shorten the travelling
time [3].
Underpass
[4]
A place where a road or railroad crosses under another road or railroad is termed as underpass .
Storm Water Drainage
Storm drain system is designed to drain excess rain and ground water from impervious surfaces such as paved streets, car
parks, parking lots, footpaths, sidewalks, and roofs [5].
Basic information of Ahmedabad city
Generally Ahmedabad city is situated near the line of tropic of cancer and far from the coastal area due to which the cities have
their average temperature is 38˚C and during rainy season the humidity is affect the city due to which there is normal/heavy
rainfall takes place. Ahmadabad lies at 23.03°N 72.58°E in western India at 53 metres (174 ft) above sea level on the banks of

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 Storm Water Drainage for Underpass
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the Sabarmati River, in north-central Gujarat [6].The Ahmedabad city have their average temperature is 38˚C and during rainy
season the humidity is affect the city due to which there is normal/heavy rainfall takes place. Ahmedabad has a hot, semi-arid
climate with marginally less rain than required for a tropical savanna climate. Sabarmati River spits city into two parts.
Ahmedabad city have many well-known underpasses such as Akhbarnagar underpass, Naranpura underpass, Incometex
underpass, Mithakhadi underpass, Thaltej underpass, Parimal garden underpass, Shahibaug underpass are major underpasses of
the city.
Site Information
Akhbarnagar underpass lies at Latitude 23.0665694° N Longitude 72.5596109° E. The underpasses of Ahmedabad city are
waterlogged every year during monsoon due to which the whole traffic system gets blocked for hours. Recently, Akhbarnagar
underpass was blocked due to 4 inches rainfall on 4 th Aug, 2016 [7] and Parimal garden underpass was blocked due to rainfall 124
mm (around 5 inches) on 5th Aug,2016 [8].
 Height of underpass from road is in between 5.5 to 7m.
 In underpass main drainage line diameter is 1800mm (1.8m).
 There are 5 no of pumps are used for pumping out of water stored in underpass.
 Pumping water is uplift on the bridge of the underpass.

II. STUDY AREA

Fig. 1: Akhbarnagar Underpass Fig. 2: Satellite image of Akhbarnagar Underpass

Table – 1
Pumps
No. of pumps Horse Power
1 Nos. 50
2 Nos. 40
2 Nos. 25

III. PROBLEM STATEMENT

The Akhbarnagar underpass is waterlogged every year during monsoon due to which the whole traffic system gets blocked for
hours. Recently, Akhbarnagar underpass was blocked due to 4 inches rainfall on 4 th Aug,2016 [7].

Fig. 3: Akhbarnagar Underpass

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 Storm Water Drainage for Underpass
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A main problem is underpass having a small size of storm drain filtration channel so it cannot filter bulk of runoff storm-
water. Lack of inspection of filtration channel its causes Blockage of storm drainage and backflow of suction valve. Its causes
major issues such as traffic and water logging in nearby areas. There is some topography difference (gravity) in land difference
between surrounding areas and underpass due to which it can makes the water logging condition directly/indirectly manner.
There is also some topography difference (gravity) in the drainage provisions in underpass and near areas. Due to heavily
waterlogged in underpass and near surrounding areas, act as a breeding places of mosquitoes. So the numbers of people in
Akhbarnagar area are suffered with diseases like malaria and dengue.

IV. OBJECTIVES

 To identify problems and locations of repetitive water logging at Akhbarnagar underpass.

 To understand study of flood prone areas and to assess impact of water logging.
 To solve traffic problem of underpass waterlogged during storm water.
 To improve the backflow of storm water drainage.
 To recommend Engineering Solutions for preventing water logging in underpass.
 To identify topography and slop of our study area.
 To make a georeference image of our study area.
 Use of Quantum GIS and Global Mapper to analysis existing drainage system & topography of study area.

V. SCOPE OF STUDY

 To solve problem of blockage of water in storm drain.

 To solve traffic problem caused by stock water in underpass.
 To decrease spreading of disease at nearby areas.
 To collect the storm water from the storm drain and use for irrigation purpose.
 To implement of Kerb drain system.
 To improve sewer network system of nearby areas and underpasses.
 To reduce natural disaster impacts

VI. METHODOLOGY

1) Step 1 : Abstract
2) Step 2 : Introduction
3) Step 3 : Problem statement
4) Step 4 : Objectives
5) Step 5 : Scope of study
6) Step 6 : Present scenario
7) Step 7 : Data collection
8) Step 8 : Conclusion

VII. PROBLEM SOLUTION

Fig. 4: ACO Kerb Drain System

Kerb drain system is a one of the most important possible solution for preventing blockage of underpass due to storm water. It’s
generally provided on edges of footpath [9]. (Refer fig.4) kerb drain system is to be designed to keep in mind the maximum

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 Storm Water Drainage for Underpass
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quantity of runoff water possibility. Main advantage is kerb block height is higher than width because it collects a lot quantity of
water rather than horizontal filter channel. As per fluid property, Upper layer of runoff water has maximum speed with compare
to lower layer. If vertical drain (kerb drain) is provided throughout the length of underpass then we make sure it fights against the
storm water in underpass. Carriage ways has a minor slop towards pavement or footpath so quantity of runoff water is more
towards pavement side. As shown fig.4 kerb has to be designed as it collect water easily and supply forward by gravity itself. As
per users or customers requirement we can design its pattern, size, hole diameter, height, width, etc. 30% problem will solve by
increasing number of storm drain filtration channel towards underpass and centre of carriageway of underpass.
Present Condition with Images

Fig. 5: Horizontal filter channel at starting of Underpass Fig. 6: British time storm water pipeline

Fig. 7: Pumping well

VIII. DATA COLLECTION

Table – 2
Data Collection
Rainfall data of Ahmadabad city , 2014
Month Date Rainfall
July 16/7/14 3.00 mm
July 17/7/14 33.00 mm
July 18/7/14 16.00 mm
July 19/7/14 36.00 mm
July 20/7/14 04.00 mm
July 24/7/14 42.00 mm
July 25/7/14 23.00 mm
July 26/7/14 02.00 mm
July 27/7/14 04.00 mm
July 30/7/14 176.00 mm
July 31/7/14 05.00 mm

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 Storm Water Drainage for Underpass
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August 1/8/14 NIL

August 2/8/14 0.50 mm
August 3/8/14 06.00mm
August 6/8/14 05.50 mm
August 7/8/14 06.00 mm
August 9/8/14 NIL
August 13/8/14 01.00 mm
August 14/8/14 NIL
August 17/8/14 0.50 mm
August 24/8/14 1.50 mm
August 25/8/14 29.00 mm
August 26/8/14 NIL
August 30/8/14 09.00 mm
August 31/8/14 55.00 mm
September 1/9/14 32.00 mm
September 2/9/14 34.50 mm
September 3/9/14 NIL
September 4/9/14 04.00 mm
September 5/9/14 04.00 mm
September 6/9/14 NIL
September 7/9/14 NIL
September 8/9/14 1.50 mm
September 9/9/14 96.00 mm
September 10/9/14 6.50 mm
September 11/9/14 12.00 mm
September 12/9/14 5.00 mm
September 13/8/14 0.50 mm
September 14/8/14 1.50 mm
September 15/8/14 0.50 mm
Total = 646.00 mm
Table – 3
Data Collection
Rainfall data of Ahmadabad city , 2015
Month Date Rainfall
June 3/6/15 0.5 mm
June 25/6/15 87.50 mm
July 8/7/15 1.50 mm
July 22/7/15 5.00 mm
July 23/7/15 1.00 mm
July 25/7/15 13.00 mm
July 26/7/15 103.00 mm
July 27/7/15 85.00 mm
July 28/7/15 140.00 mm
July 29/7/15 114.00 mm
July 30/7/15 8.00 mm
July 31/7/15 NIL
July 8/7/15 1.50 mm
July 22/7/15 5.00 mm
July 23/7/15 1.00 mm
July 25/7/15 13.00 mm
July 26/7/15 103.00 mm
July 27/7/15 85.00 mm
July 28/7/15 140.00 mm
July 29/7/15 114.00 mm
July 30/7/15 8.00 mm
July 31/7/15 NIL
September 18/8/15 42.00 mm
September 20/8/15 01.00 mm
September 21/8/15 06.50 mm
September 22/8/15 45.00 mm
September 23/8/15 03.75 mm
TOTAL = 875.00 mm

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 Storm Water Drainage for Underpass
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Table – 4
Data Collection
Rainfall data of Ahmadabad city , 2016
Month Date Rainfall
June 4/7/16 17.50 mm
June 5/7/16 91.00 mm
June 12/7/16 20.00 mm
June 13/7/16 30.00 mm
June 14/7/16 36.00 mm
June 15/7/16 13.00 mm
June 17/7/16 09.00 mm
June 18/7/16 06.00 mm
June 19/7/16 NIL
June 20/7/16 05.00 mm
June 25/7/16 06.00 mm
June 28/7/16 04.50 mm
June 29/7/16 24.50 mm
June 30/7/16 13.00 mm
Total = 266.00 mm

Fig. 8: Population of nearby areas of Akhabarnagar underpass

IX. CONCLUSION

Akhbarnagar underpass has a vast problem of water logging due to storm water. To overcome this problem Ahmedabad
Municipal Corporation has to pay special attention on inspection of storm drain filtration channel. 30 % problem will solve if
AMC team increase the number of storm drain filtered channel. Also Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation has to pay special on
cleaning of storm drain pipes for batter flow of water. It can reduce the problem up to 20%.

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 Storm Water Drainage for Underpass
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[15] Reina, Peter. Double Duty: “Smart thinking fits Malaysian highway into stormwater tunnel, Engineering” News Record by McGraw-Hill Companies.
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