Computer Appreciation

Computer Hardware & interconnection

Identification of CPU, Motherboard, RAM & Various Computer
peripherals like CD ROM, Hard disk, Floppy Drive, Keyboard,
Mouse, Printer, Monitor, Interface cards, Modem, Scanners.

Identification of Interconnecting cable & interconnections

Serial/Parallel ports, Monitor Port, Power supply Connections, UPS
Connections, Modem Connection.

Operating System Functions (Windows XP)

Starting of Windows, Creating files & Folders, Running Programs,
Copying Files, Using My Computer icon, Windows Explorer, Control
panel & setting, Formatting of Pen Drive, Finding files, Taking
Printout, Configuring Modem, Adding/Removing Programs

Software Package
MS Word, MS Excel
 Basics of Computer

Computer
It is an electronic programmable device used for data
processing. It accepts data, processes it (performs mathematical
& Logical operations with the help of instructions) & gives
Output.

Hardware
All physical parts of a computer is called Hardware
Software
A group of Instructions used to direct operation of a Computer
is called Software
 Hardware of Computer

Input Device
Output device
Processor
Memory
Motherboard
Power supply Unit
 Input Device
It is used to provide data and control signals to Computer
Example - Keyboard
Mouse - Pointing device
Scanner - Imaging input device
Webcam - Video Input device
Microphone - Audio Input Device
Touch screen - Sensing Input Device
 Output Device

It is used to Communicate the result of data processing by converting

electronically generated information into human readable form.

Example - CRT, LCD Monitors – Display Devices

Printers – Text, Graphics Output
Speakers
Projector
 Processor

It carries out the instruction of a computer program

It consists of two parts: ALU & Control Unit

ALU
It is area where calculations & comparisons are made
ALU contains one or more storage locations called Registers

Control Unit
It Controls, maintains order & directs the operations of entire
system. The Program instructions are stored in the main memory
before execution. During execution, they are transferred one by
one to the control unit of execution. Here instructions are
interpreted and appropriate action for its execution is taken
 Memory

It is used to store Program, Data & Result

Types :
Internal Memory or Primary Memory
Input Storage Area
Working Storage Area
Output Storage Area
Program Storage
External Memory or Secondary Memory
It is used to store User data
Hard Disk
Pen Drive
 MOTHERBOARD
It is used to interconnect various Hardware of Computer & Provide power
supply to parts that are directly connected to it. It has following ports
ISA - Industry Standard Architecture
PCI - Peripheral Component Interconnect
COM – Serial Communication
Parallel – Parallel Communication
USB – Universal Serial BUS
AT/ATX – Advanced Technology/Extended
PS2 – Personnel System/2
VGA – Video Graphics array
IDE - Integrated development environment
 A Personal Computer from inside

Power Floppy Drive

Supply Unit

Memory Slot

PCI Slots

ISA Slots

Mother Board Cache CPU

Motherboard Slots
What does a CPU-box contain

Motherboard

Processor
Random Access Memory
Level-2 Cache
BIOS Chip
ISA and PCI Slots
Ports
Disk Drives
Hard Disk Drive

CD-ROM Drive
Floppy Disk
Add-on Cards
Display Driver Card
Sound Blaster Card
Network Card
Power Supply Unit
 Power Supply Unit

Input Power supply to Computer is 230V AC fed to SMPS

SMPS Converts AC input Various DC Level
+5V DC : Drives Logic Circuits
-5V DC : ISA Bus
+12V DC: Drives Motors, Cooling FAN
-12V DC : Serial Port
+3.3V DC: Microchip Supply
 Software
System Software
It is used to Operate Hardware to Provide basic functionality & provide
platform for running application software.
Eg: Device Drivers
Operating system
Application Software
It is set of Programs that allows Computer to Perform specific data
Processing for User
Eg: Microsoft Office
Games
Programming Software
It is Used to Create, Debug, Maintain & support other Programs &
Applications
Eg: Compiler
Interpreter