SSRG International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (SSRG-IJECE) – Volume 2 Issue 6–June 2015
Automatic Accident Detection and Rescue
with Ambulance
Hrishikesh Murkut1, Fazal Patil2, Vishal Yadav3, Meghana Deshpande4
(Department of Electronics & Telecommunication, PES’s Modern College of Engineering, Savitribai Phule
Pune University, India)
ABSTRACT : The rapid growth of technology
and infrastructure has made our lives easier. The
advent of technology has also increased the traffic
hazards and the road accidents take place
frequently which causes huge loss of life and
property because of the poor emergency facilities.
Our project will provide an optimum solution to
this draw back. According to this project when a
vehicle meets with an accident immediately
Vibration sensor will detect the signal and sends it
to Microcontroller. Microcontroller find the
location coordinates of accident spot using GPS
and sends the alert message including geographic
allocation coordinates through the GSM Module to
ambulance unit. So the rescue team in the
ambulance can immediately trace the location by
putting geographical location coordinates in
Google earth application or any other Geographic
location finder application. After conforming the
location of accident spot the ambulance unit will
starts its rescue operation. This system also
controls the traffic signals in the path of ambulance
and helps ambulance to reach hospital in minimum
time.
Keywords- Ambulance, GPS, GSM,
Microcontroller, Traffic control, Vibration Sensor
I. INTRODUCTION
The population of the world has been
increasing, with China and India being the two
most densely populated countries. Road traffic has
also been getting more and more congested, as a
higher population and increased business activities
result in greater demand for cars and vehicles for
transportation. This increased vehicle density leads
to many road accidents. In road accident due to
lack of emergency services people lose their lives.
The main aim of this project is a scheme to detect
accident, find accident location and provide a
smooth flow for ambulance to reach hospital in
time in emergency. [1]
In proposed system the unit installed in vehicle
automatically informs accident to the pre-
programmed numbers of rescue team of
ambulance. In this system vibration sensor and
ISSN: 2348 – 8549 www.internationaljournalssrg.org
GPS tracking system are used for accident
detection. [2][3] When accident occurs, this system
sends short message to rescue team in the
ambulance via GSM modem. Message will give
longitude and latitude values. From these location
coordinates accident can be determined. So the
rescue team in the ambulance can immediately
trace the location by putting geographical location
coordinates in Google earth application or any
other GPS viewer application. After conforming
the location of accident spot the ambulance unit
will starts its rescue operation. If the person meets
with a small accident or if there is no serious threat
to anyone`s life, then the alert message can be
terminated by the driver by a switch provided in
order to avoid wasting the valuable time of the
medical rescue team. [1][4]We have conducted a
literature survey on different existing systems
available to minimize the loss due to accidents. We
found that many existing systems are not up to the
mark to provide quick emergency help to the
accident victims. At present criteria, we cannot
detect where the accident has occurred and hence
no information related to it, leading to the death of
an individual. [5][4]
II. COMPARISION OF OLD AND
PROPOSED SYSTEM
Golden hour in vehicle accident
Accident
Report
Alarm
Arrival
Initial access
Page 24
 SSRG International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (SSRG-IJECE) – Volume 2 Issue 6–June 2015

We found following existing methods:

Rescue time in an hour in proposed
Start A
system

Accident occurred Police reached to

accident spot Rescue time

Noticed by witness Call for ambulance Hospital

Treatment
Made a Phone call Emergency Services

A Stop
III. TECHNIQUE OF
IMPLEMENTATION

The proposed system consists of three main units,

Rescue time in an hour in old method which coordinates with each other and makes sure
that ambulance reaches the hospital without any
time lag. Thus our system is divided into following
three units:
Rescue
time 1. The Vehicle Unit
Hospital 2. The Ambulance Unit
Treatment 3. The Traffic light unit

1. Vehicle Unit:
Vibration
Sensor
Proposed System:

Start A Signal conditioning

circuit

Accident occurred Traffic signal

controlled for quick
rescue operation Power Microcontroller
Supply Unit
Accident detected
using sensors
Emergency Services

GPS Serial GSM

Sent alert to
Communication
Ambulance, Police Stop
& Hospital
Fig. 1 Block diagram of Vehicle unit.
A
According to our system, every vehicle should
have a vehicle unit. The vehicle unit consists of a
vibration sensor, Microcontroller, a user interface,
GPS system and a GSM module. There is need to
process the low level voltage signal properly given
by vibration sensor.

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 SSRG International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (SSRG-IJECE) – Volume 2 Issue 6–June 2015

Vibration sensor can be designed as follow: immediately traces the location by putting
Vibration Sensor
geographical location coordinates in GPS viewer
application. [1][4]

Signal conditioning
LCD
circuit
Predefined data
for accident
Circuit to detect Power Microcontroller Encoder
detection (like
actual accident Supply Unit Unit
Peak voltage
level, crash
To microcontroller waveform data)
RF
GSM
Transmitter
Fig. 2 Design of vibration sensor.
Fig. 3 Block diagram of Ambulance unit
We can use multiple sensors for detection of
accident to avoid any error in detection. These After conforming the location of accident spot the
sensors can be installed in vehicle body at most ambulance unit will starts its rescue operation. At
vibration sensitive locations. A central system can the same time, the ambulance unit turns ON the RF
be implemented inside vehicle to process the signal transmitter. This will lead to communicate with the
coming from sensors and to detect the accident traffic section.
from the signals coming from multiple sensors.
7
3. Traffic signal unit:
6
Whenever traffic signal section receives the
5 information about accident, the RF receiver in this
4
Section is turned ON to search for ambulance near
Acceleration

the traffic signal. Whenever the ambulance reaches

3
near to the traffic signal (approximately100m), the
2 traffic signal will be made to green through RF
1
communication.[2][3]
0

-1
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5
Time(milliseconds)

Power RF
Fig. 2 Design of vibration sensor.
Supply Receiver
The predefined data i.e. Peak voltage level or crash
waveform data are used to decide whether an
accident is occurred or not. [4][6].The vibration Microcontroller Decoder
Signal
sensor used in the vehicle will continuously sense Unit Unit
Indicator
for any large scale vibration in the vehicle. The
sensed data is given to the controller GPS
SYSTEM inside the vehicle. The GPS SYSTEM
finds out the current position of the vehicle Fig. 4 Block diagram of Traffic light unit.
(latitude and the longitude) which is the location of
the accident spot and gives that data to the GSM
MODULE. The GSM MODULE sends this data to
the control unit whose GSM number is already
there in the module as an emergency number. [1]
We can also use this vehicle unit for health
monitoring of the patient using different sensors.
[7]

2. Ambulance Unit:

The message send by vehicle unit is received by

ambulance unit. The rescue team in the ambulance

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 SSRG International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (SSRG-IJECE) – Volume 2 Issue 6–June 2015

IV. METHODOLOGY (FLOWCHART) A. ACCIDENT CONDITION:

VEHICLE UNIT

Start O (1)

C4
Y X
SENSOR CIRCUIT LCD1
5 4 U2 LM016L
C6(1) C6 10u

C2- C2+
6
VS-
2
10u VS+
8 9

Detect accident using vibration

VDD
R2IN R2OUT

VSS

VEE

RW
7 10 C1(1)

RS
O

D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
T2OUT T2IN

E
13 R1IN R1OUT 12
14 11
T1OUT T1IN Y X U1

1
2
3

4
5
6

7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
R3 GPS
TO 19 39
C1- C1+ XTAL1 P0.0/AD0
38

sensor 10k
3
C5
1 MAX232
C1
10u 18
XTAL2
P0.1/AD1
P0.2/AD2
P0.3/AD3
P0.4/AD4
P0.5/AD5
37
36
35
34
33
10u P0.6/AD6
9 32
RST P0.7/AD7

Y P2.0/A8 21
P2.1/A9 22
R1 P2.2/A10 23
C2 O 10k 29
PSEN P2.3/A11
24
30 25
ALE P2.4/A12
31 26
Y X EA P2.5/A13
27
5 4 U3 P2.6/A14
28
10u P2.7/A15
C7
Record Geographic location
C7(1)
C2- C2+ 1 10
P1.0 P3.0/RXD
2 11
P1.1 P3.1/TXD
6 VS- 3 P1.2 P3.2/INT0 12
2 VS+ 4 P1.3 P3.3/INT1 13
10u 5 14
P1.4 P3.4/T0

using GPS Module

8 9 6 15
R2IN R2OUT P1.5 P3.5/T1
7 10 7 16
T2OUT T2IN P1.6 P3.6/W R
13 12 8 17
14
R1IN R1OUT
11
O P1.7 P3.7/RD
T1OUT T1IN
AT89C51
R2 GSM
TO Y X
C1- C1+
10k
C3
3 1 MAX232

10u

Send location co-ordinates to

ambulance unit using GSM
Module Fig 5: Simulation of Vehicle unit

The vibration sensor used in the vehicle will

Find GPS location using GPS
Viewer application
Send Emergency message to
hospital and start rescue
operation
continuously sense for any large scale vibration in
the vehicle. The sensed data is used to decide
accident. We simulated some part of the vehicle
unit to get the actual idea of implementation of the
system.
B. AMBULANCE CONDITION:

Continuously check for RF When Ambulance unit gets the GPS co-ordinates
signal using Traffic light unit using GSM module, it is displayed on LCD using
microcontroller.
AMBULANCE UNIT
Make signal green in the path
LCD1
LM016L

VDD
VSS

VEE

RW
RS

D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
E
C1(1)

Stop U1

1
2
3

4
5
6

7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
19 39
XTAL1 P0.0/AD0
38
P0.1/AD1
C1 P0.2/AD2
37
10u 18 36
XTAL2 P0.3/AD3
35
P0.4/AD4
34
P0.5/AD5
33
P0.6/AD6
9 32
RST P0.7/AD7
21
P2.0/A8
22
P2.1/A9
R1 P2.2/A10
23

Automatic accident detection using sensors, 10k 29 24

PSEN P2.3/A11
30 25
ALE P2.4/A12
31 26
EA P2.5/A13
27
P2.6/A14
28
P2.7/A15

location tracking using GPS, sending location co- 1

2
3
4
P1.0
P1.1
P1.2
P1.3
P3.0/RXD
P3.1/TXD
P3.2/INT0
P3.3/INT1
10
11
12
13
C2
5 14
P1.4 P3.4/T0

ordinates to ambulance, finding exact spot of R3

R6
6
7
8
P1.5
P1.6
P1.7
P3.5/T1
P3.6/WR
P3.7/RD
15
16
17
1

C1+
10u
3

C1-
U2
R2GSM
TO
AT89C51
R4
RF 10k
R5 11 14

accident using GPS viewer application, starting of 10k T1IN T1OUT

R7(2)

12 13
10k R1OUT R1IN
10 7 C4(1)
R7
TRANSMITTER
10k T2IN T2OUT
R8
10k
9
R2OUT R2IN
8 C4
10k
2
10k VS+

rescue operation and traffic signal monitoring using C2+ C2-

VS-
6

10u

C3

RF transmitter and receiver all these steps are

4 5 MAX232

10u

executed according to response of the circuit.

Fig 6: Simulation of Ambulance unit.
V. SIMULATION RESULTS

‘Automatic accident detection and rescue with

ambulance’ is simulated using PROTEUS
SOFTWARE and their results are presented here.
The circuit model of the above system is shown
and sensors are connected to measure output result.
C. TRAFFIC LIGHT CONDITION:
After receiving the RF signal, the Traffic signal
light is controlled using Microcontroller. The
Traffic signals in the path of the ambulance made
green.

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 SSRG International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (SSRG-IJECE) – Volume 2 Issue 6–June 2015

TRAFFIC UNIT
LCD1
LM016L
3. Traffic light Unit:

VDD
VSS

VEE

RW
RS

D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
E
1
2
3

4
5
6

7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
RF
RFRECEIVER
RECEIVER
(2)
R1(2)

D4
U1 R1
19 39 LED-RED
XTAL1 P0.0/AD0 1k
P0.1/AD1
38 RL1
37
P0.2/AD2 OMIH-SH-112D
18
XTAL2 P0.3/AD3
36 D5
P0.4/AD4
35 LED D1 RL1(COM)
34 1N4007
P0.5/AD5
33
P0.6/AD6
9 32
RST P0.7/AD7
21 R2(2)
P2.0/A8
22
D8
P2.1/A9
23
P2.2/A10 R2
29 24
PSEN P2.3/A11
30 25 LED-YELLOW
ALE P2.4/A12 1k
31 26 U2(COM) RL2
EA P2.5/A13
27
P2.6/A14 G2R-14-DC5
28 U2 D6 D2
P2.7/A15
9 RL2(COM)
COM LED 1N4007
1 10 1 16
P1.0 P3.0/RXD 1B 1C
2 11 2 15
P1.1 P3.1/TXD 2B 2C
3 12 3 14 R3(2)
P1.2 P3.2/INT0 3B 3C
4 13 4 13
5
P1.3 P3.3/INT1
14 5
4B 4C
12
D9
P1.4 P3.4/T0 5B 5C R3
6 15 6 11
P1.5 P3.5/T1 6B 6C
7 16 7 10
P1.6 P3.6/WR 7B 7C 1k
8 17 LED-GREEN
P1.7 P3.7/RD
ULN2003A RL3
AT89C51 D7 D3 G2R-14-DC5
LED 1N4007
RL3(COM)

Fig 7: Simulation of Traffic light unit having full traffic signal Fig 10: Traffic signals managed with RF Transmitter and
management system. receiver

VI. RESULTS VII. CONCLUSION

We first tried to understand the working of our In this paper, a novel idea is proposed for accident
project through the schematic and then we detection and alert system with SMS to the user
proceeded to build the circuit as per the schematic.
defined mobile numbers. The GPS tracking and
We did the real time execution of complete project.
Results of all three project units are observed. The GSM alert based algorithm is designed and
overall developed circuit looks as shown in the implemented in embedded system domain. This
following figure: system can be proved to be effectual to control not
only ambulance but also authoritative vehicles.
1. Vehicle Unit: Thus, if this system is implemented in countries
with large population like INDIA can produce
better results. This system is more accurate with no
loss of time. But there may be a delay caused
because of GSM messages since it is a queue based
technique, which can be reduced by giving more
priority to the messages communicated through the
controller.

REFERENCES
[1] K.Sangeetha, P.Archana, M.Ramya, Automatic Ambulance
Rescue with Intelligent Traffic Light System, IOSR Journal of
Engineering (IOSRJEN) Vol. 04, Issue 02.

Fig 8: Vehicle unit with GPS and GSM [2] K.Athavan,S.Jagadeeshwaran, Automatic ambulance rescue
system, International Journal of Advanced Technology &
2. Ambulance Unit: Engineering Research (IJATER), Volume 2, Issue 2, May 2012.

[3] Francisco J. Martinez, Chai-Keong Toh, Emergency services

in future intelligent transportation systems based on vehicular
communication networks, IEEE intelligent transportation
systems Magazine, summer 2010.

[4] Mr.S.Iyyappan, Mr.V.Nandagopal, Automatic accident

detection and ambulance rescue with intelligent traffic light
system, International Journal of Advanced Research in
Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Vol. 2,
Issue 4, April 2013.

[5] Anurag D, Srideep Ghosh, GPS based Vehicular Collision

Warning System using IEEE 802.15.4 MAC/PHY Standard, July
2000.
Fig 9: Ambulance unit showing received GPS co-ordinates

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 SSRG International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (SSRG-IJECE) – Volume 2 Issue 6–June 2015

[6] United States Patent: ‘’Vehicular electronic system with

crash sensors and occupant protection systems’’. (Patent No.:
US 7,580,782 B2)

[7] Alumona T.L, Idigo V.E, Azubuike A.N, Technical Report

on Data Acquisition of Patient’s Health Status using GSM and
WSN, SSRG International Journal of Electronics and
Communication Engineering (SSRG-IJECE) Vol.1, issue 7, Sep
2014.

[8] Muhammad Ali Mazidi, Janice Gillispie Mazidi, Rolin D.

Mc Kinlay,The 8051 Microcontroller & Embedded System,
nd
(Pearson Education Inc. 2 Edition, 2008)

VIII. BIOGRAPHY

The paper is written by HRISHIKESH MURKUT

currently a student of BE in Electronics &
Telecommunication Engineering in PES Modern College
of Engineering, Pune, India & will complete the degree
in the year 2015.

The paper is written by FAZAL PATIL currently a

student of BE in Electronics & Telecommunication
Engineering in PES Modern College of Engineering,
Pune, India & will complete the degree in the year 2015.

The paper is written by VISHAL YADAV currently a

student of BE in Electronics & Telecommunication
Engineering in PES Modern College of Engineering,
Pune, India and will complete the degree in the year
2015.

The paper is written by Prof. MEGHANA DESHPANDE

currently an Assistant Professor of Department of
Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering in PES’s
Modern College of Engineering, Pune, India. She may be
reached at meghana.

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