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Notes :
Fluid Information
Pipe Information
Pipe Information
Pipe Size (Inches) 6
Schedule 40
Pipe Internal Diameter (mm) 154.051
Pipe Length (m) 26
Minor Head Loss (m) Minor Pressure Loss (bar) hfitting = KV2/2g
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
Colebrook-White
Churchill(1977) Chen Assumed fri0.01585839 Haaland Swamee and Jain
0.0159480814 0.0158849279 0.0158583852 0.0152202054 0.015951507
0.3006355336 0.2994450336 0.2989446814 0.286914424 0.3007001062
4.01E+21
9.393E-24
From NFPA 13
To calculate compressible flow pressure drop
Notes :
3. If the calculated pressure drop is less than about 10 % of the inlet pressure, Darcy formula can be used with re
volume should be used either on the upstream or on the downstream conditions.
4. If calculated pressure drop is greater than about 10 % and less than 40 % of inlet presure, the Darcy equation
accuracy by using a specific volume based upon average of upstream and downstream conditions.
5. For pressure drop higher than 40 % of inlet pressure, as in long pipes, other formulas should be used.
Pressure Drop in Steam Pipe Calculation Using Babcock Empirical Equation
ΔP = 19.7766196667 psi
1.3635499268 bar
F factor = 5.87E-07
ΔP /100 = 3.307
ΔP = 4.5643172076 psi
0.3146985936 bar
Presure Drop in Gas Pipeline calculation using Compressible Flow Equation For
Isothermal Condition
Pipe Diameter, d 4 inches
Pipe Schedule 40
Pipe Internal Diameter, d 102.2604 mm
�_ℎ=2.61 𝑥 〖 10 〗 ^(−
mula can be used with reasonable accuracy and specific �_ℎ=2.044 𝑥 〖 10 〗 ^(−8)
should be used.
𝑝_1^2−𝑝_2^2
𝑃_1−𝑃_2= ∆
∆𝑃/100 𝑓𝑒
k (cp/cv) 1.4
MW (lb/mol) 28
T (F) 73.4
Vs 1151.4977446787 ft/s
350.9765125781 m/s
Formulas
2. Weymouth formula :
- friction factor used in Weymouth formula is f = 0.094/d^(1/3). This friction factor is identical with the one obtained from
Moody diagram for fully turbulent flow for 20" inside diameter.
3. Panhandle formula :
〖 10 〗 ^(−8) 〖 � 〖 〗
� ^2.6182 〖 ((𝑝_1^2−𝑝_2^2)/𝐿_𝑚 ) 〗 ^0.5394
�_ℎ= volumetric flow rate, m3/hr
P = Pressure, Pa
E = Flow efficiency factor, E = 0.92
Lm = Pipe Length, km
d = internal diam, mm
- Panhandle formula is for natural gas pipes sizes from 6" to 24", and for renolds no between Re = 5 x 106 and Re = 14 x 106
gas Sg =0.6. The flow efficiency factor E is defined as an experience factor and is usually assumed to be 0.92 for average op
The panhandle friction factor is defined as f = 0.0454 (d/qhSg)0.1461. In the range where Panhandle formula is applicable,
one from Moody diagram because of that the flow rate are usually greater than those calculated using equation for isother
Comparison of results between the various empirical steam flow formulas suggests the Babcock equation as a good averag
pressure 500 psia and below.
with the one obtained from
e = 5 x 106 and Re = 14 x 106, with specific gravity for natural
ed to be 0.92 for average operating conditions.
lb/min
steam, lb/ft3
h, feet
am, inches
Vapour Liquid
Mass Flow rate (lb/hr), Wm 3000 1000
Density (lb/cu.ft) 0.077 63
Viscosity (cP) 0.00127 1.0
Liquid Surface tension, γ (dyne/cm) - 15.0
λ 1.0189221006
Ψ 4.830550194
Pipe Size (Inches) 2
Schedule 40
Pipe Internal Diameter (mm) 52.5018
Pipe Length (ft) 358
Pipe Cross Section Area (ft2) 0.0233028
Mass flow per ft2 (lb/hr) 128739.824307732 42913.274769244
To determine type of flow using graph
X-axis 1.6406514503
Y-axis 126349.035147759
Type of Flow Annular Flow
Velocity (ft/sec) 464.4293806195 0.1892119699
Reynolds Number, Re 7217201.85666364 3055.2821193209
Absolute Roughness (mm) 0.05 0.05
Friction Factor (using Churchill) 0.0194619335 0.045260119
Single phase Pressure Drop (psi/ft) 0.202569783 6.39752572274107E-05
X 0.0177712792
Two Phase ΔP for vertical flow (psi/ft) 0.9526789445 0.9526789 0.9526789 0.9526789
Total Two phase pressure drop (psi) 5.0556086865 2.4155225 1.162955 539.66371
Total Two phase pressure drop (bar) 0.3485713183 0.1665441 0.0801828 37.208436
No. 1 2 3 4 5
No of Elevation 3 1 0 0 0
Height of Elevation 10 50 0 0 0
Each Height of Elevation 30 50 0 0 0
Total Height of Elevation 80
Liquid
1000
63
1.0
15.0
221006
550194
2
0
5018
58
33028
42913.274769244
514503
35147759
ar Flow
0.1892119699
3055.2821193209
0.05
0.045260119
6.39752572274107E-05
712792
Annular*
1.24194109 *Set d=10 for any pipe larger than 10 inch
0.31244722
0.95267894
112.808782
7.77787766
6
0
0
0
To Calculate Pressure Drop in Vacuum System