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INTRODUCTION
Water is one of our most precious resources and as much we want it to be, it is not
an infinite resource. Water is all around us but only 2.5% of water is fresh water. A main
problem that we face all over the world is to meet daily needs of people for water. One in
three (1 in 3) people around the world suffer from lack of water, as it isn’t easily accessible
to them.
There is already a struggle to get water directly to communities far and near and
due to the increase in population and urbanization, the demand for water increases in
agriculture, industries, and household. As demand increases we keep digging deeper and
deeper to find it. We also see new challenges in managing water supply such as the need
for the right crops and planting methods, better water supply system, environmental
This study focused on the experiences of Senior High School students specifically
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THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK
are due to diarrhoeal disease, and unsafe water is a key risk factor for diarrhoeal disease in
Also, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations
attributable to unsafe water, inadequate sanitation, and poor hygiene, indicating that WSS
interventions can play an important role in combating the incidence of this disease among
children.
Thus the lack of clean water supply should be addressed not only to meet a child’s
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Declaration state that by 2015 they resolve to “have the proportion of people who are
unable to reach or to afford safe drinking water”. Safe and adequate waters supply is thus
a necessity not only among industrialized urbanize areas of a country but also in the far
flung rural areas where children also need it the most as sanitation is usually not emphasize.
According to Esrey SA “,.. those living distant from a water source, using only around 3‐
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litres per person per day, and often suffering from hygiene related disease, the logical
priority is to increase quantity consumed, especially for personal and home hygiene. For
those at the other end of the spectrum, with water close at hand water quality arguments
often carry greater weight.” Thus the issue is simply not about the quantity of the water
supply but also the quality of it as unsafe water supply can cause certain type of hygiene
related diseases. More recent systematic reviews came to different conclusions, suggesting
that improving drinking water quality at the community and the household level can reduce
the incidence of diarrhoeal disease by around 30 to 40% and that this improvement can be
(Clasen T, Schmidt)
This study examines the discomforts of Senior High School students of Tuyom
National High School. Furthermore, this study will be beneficial to the following:
Parents and guardians: So that they will be able to understand the necessity of clean water
supply and can adequately prepare for their child’s water needs.
Students: So that they can understand how important water is in their physical
development.
Teachers: Sot that they will be able to identify the problems that lead to lack of water
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SCOPE AND LIMITATION
experiences due to inadequate water supply at Tuyom National High School, in Barangay
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Inadequate Water Supply. The lack of sufficient available water resources to meet the
Sanitation. Conditions relating to public health, especially the provision of clean drinking
Discomfort. The lack of physical comfort and convenience due to the lack of water supply.
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CHAPTER II
This chapter presents the related concepts, topic, and studies related to references
WATER IS ESSENTIAL
Organization), “A child’s well-being is highly dependent on both the quality and the
availability of water, and on how well this precious resource is managed. Around the world,
both biological disease agents and chemical pollutants are compromising drinking-water
quality. Contaminated water causes a range of diseases which are often life-threatening. Of
the waterborne diseases affecting children, the most deadly are diarrheal infections.
sanitation, water contaminated with communicable disease agents, and poor hygiene
practices.”
DAILY NEEDS
Howard also states that “A safe, reliable, affordable, and easily accessible water
supply is essential for good health. Yet, for several decades, about a billion people in
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developing countries have not had a safe and sustainable water supply. It has been
estimated that a minimum of 7.5 litres of water per person per day is required in the home
for drinking, preparing food, and personal hygiene, the most basic requirements for water;
at least 50 litres per person per day is needed to ensure all personal hygiene, food hygiene,
NEGATIVE IMPACT
The negative effects of the lack of water supply is further enforced by Carter R.C.
on Investigating Options for Self-help Water Supply “Inadequacies in water supply affect
health adversely both directly and indirectly (Box 1 and below). An inadequate water
supply also prevents good sanitation and hygiene. Consequently, improvements in various
aspects of water supply represent important opportunities to enhance public health. Box
2 lists six attributes of domestic water supply that determine whether it is effective in the
Based on the following published literature, we can see the importance of adequate
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CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore and understand the feeling and
experiences of the Senior High School students of Tuyom National School with regards
to the sanitary discomfort they feel due to inadequate water supply. This chapter
described the research design, locale of the study, respondents, and data gathering
RESEARCH DESIGN
The descriptive - qualitative research was used in this study. It was primarily
behavior and practices in an attempt to understand how the units of members of the study
population experience or explain their own world. To gather information, the researcher
used in-depth interview. Qualitative research does not regard truth as objective but as
Qualitative research is research that is intended to help one better understand: (1) the
rather than simply from one’s own; (2) how these prescriptives are shaped by, and shape,
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their physical, social, and cultural contexts; (3) and the specific processes that are
involved in maintaining and altering these phenomena and relationships (Maxwell, 2013)
experiences of Senior High School Students particularly their sanitary discomfort due to
“descriptions of what people experience and how it is that they experienced. The goal is
to identify the shared experience that underlie all the variations in this particular
experience.
The study was conducted at Tuyom National High School campus, Located in Barangay
The respondents of the study were Senior High School students of Tuyom National
High School. These students were enrolled in the 2nd semester of School year 2017-
2018.
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SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
The researchers will be used the purposive sampling technique in this study.
The method of purposive sampling was used to develop the sample of the research
under discussion. According to this method, which belongs the category of non-
probability sampling techniques, sample members are selected on the basis of their
2007).
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
In order to gather data needed in connection with the objective of the study
researchers conduct an in depth interview with respondents to inquire and solicit their
feelings regarding the discomforts with sanitary due to the lack of water supply. The
a. gender
b. age
a. Drinking
b. Urinating
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c. Bowel movement
d. Washing of hands
a. Drinking
b. Urinating
c. Bowel movement
d. Washing of hands
4. What do you feel when there is little to now water in terms of:
e. Drinking
f. Urinating
g. Bowel movement
h. Washing of hands
The data was gathered through questionnaires. The questionnaires was student
Questions were prepared to gather the data on the discomforts the participants feel
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DATA ANALYSIS PROCEDURE
examination of the participant life world, it attempts to explore personal experience and is
account to procedures an objective statement or the object or event itself (Smith et.al,
2007).
In depth interview. Using semi structured interview with open questions developed
by the researchers, questions pertaining to their lives will be ask to the respondents.
Eidetic Insights. This is the pace when the researchers will go over all descriptions
of the meaning and essence of the experience composite description of the entire
Thematic Insights. The researchers will identify the common responses among the
respondents answer and recheck and clarify. Significant statements of the participants
will be given emphasis in word, exactly as the participants express them. (Maration,
2011).
Reflective Insights. Each statement was treated equally and the data will work to
Sampling Technique
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The researchers used the purposive sampling to identify the actual respondent as the
source of data to answer the objectives of the study. The method of purposive sampling
was used to develop the sample of the research under discussion. According to this
method, which belongs to the category of non- probability sampling techniques, sample
members are selected on the basis of their knowledge, relationships and expertise
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CHAPTER IV
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The researchers gathered the views and opinions of five students who experienced
sanitary discomfort due to the lack of water supply in the same grade level.
QUALITATIVE PRESENTATION
The researchers choose potential participants to provide the needed data. The
participants were contacted personally to confirm their willingness and availability for
the interview.
REFLECTIVE INSIGHT
Students' sanitary discomforts due to the lack of water supply is one of the concerns
schools should address. Thus this study aims to understand the students’ point of view
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PARTICIPANT 1: (STUDENT A)
Around 9:16 am., the researchers went to the classroom of their first respondent.
The researchers asked a 18 year old girl if they could interview her and she allowed them
“…thrice a day."
None
None
“In urinating, if there’s no water, I feel bad because I can’t release urine.”
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PARTICIPANT 2: (STUDENT B)
The same time and venue, the researchers proceed to their next respondent and
asked a girl with the age of 17 years old. She sat on the chair in front of the researchers'
view commenced,.
"...5 glasses”
“…twice."
None
Once
“In drinking, if there is no water I find ways to get a substitute for it. “
“I find ways to get a substitute for it like yakult and dutch milk.”
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PARTICIPANT 3: (STUDENT C)
The same time and venue, the researchers proceed to their next respondent who is a
None
None
“Of course, I find ways to get substitute for it like, something juice.”
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PARTICIPANT 4: (STUDENT D)
The same time and venue, the researchers proceed to their next respondent who is a
Thrice
None
“Twice”
“In bowel movement, I will go out in school campus to go home and release my
waste.”
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PARTICIPANT 5: (STUDENT E)
The same time and venue, the researchers finally proceed to their last respondent
"3 times”
Twice
None
“Twice.”
“In bowel movement, I will go outside the fence outside the school campus.”
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THEMATIC INSIGHTS
Based on the obtained by the researcher from the different in depth. Interview of
Discomfort: The experiences of the respondents when they need to urinate, wash hands,
Sanitation: Issue faced by respondents due to the lack or absence of water supply.
Substitute: What the respondents usually do if there is little or no water when they need
EIDETIC INSIGHT
The respondents of this study have manifested mostly discomfort due to the lack or
the absence of water supply, with female respondents showing a greater degree of
discomfort. Most of the time, the respondents would choose hold bowel movement.
Moreover, substitute for water in handwashing and drinking are most common.
FINAL EIDETIC
The lack or absence of water supply has created not only discomfort and sanitary
issues among the respondents but also shows habits that could lead to health related
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CHAPTER V
This chapter presents the summary of the findings of this qualitative research, the
conclusion drawn from the findings and the recommendation in relation to the major
1. All five respondents feel a degree of discomfort when there is lack or absence of
water.
2. All three females and one male hold their urine when there is no water supply.
4. All five respondents would look for a substitute drink when there is no water for
drinking.
5. Two students experience stomachache when they are unable to release feces.
CONCLUSION
The following are the conclusions taken from the summary of the findings:
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1. Female respondents are usually affected by lack of water supply because of
sanitary issues.
2. Respondents would usually find a substitute for water such, juices, tissue or
wipes.
3. The substitutes for water when respondents are thirsty are not healthy options.
RECOMMENDATION
The following are the recommendations which were based from the summary of
2. Students should bring their own drinking water to school to avoid unhealthy
3. The school should have an alternate water supply for when the main water
4. Health concerns should be discussed when addressing the lack of water supply.
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