Topic: Power Quality Enhancement Using Power

Electronics Devices

SUBJECT: Successful Research and Development

Program

Name of Student Roll No. Branch:

Arpitkumar Patel 18MEE002 M.Tech (Power Systems)
Chintan Lad 18MEE004 M.Tech (Power Systems)
Himanshu Patel 18MEE006 M.Tech (Power Systems)

Guided by:

Dr. Surendra Sasi Kumar

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 Assignment 1:

Topic: Power Quality Enhancement Using Power Electronics Devices

Questions:
1. What is power quality in electrical power?
2. Why power quality is concerned and what are the most sensitive devices
as far as power quality is concerned?
3. What are the factors which determines the power quality?
4. How power quality is measured?
5. What is voltage stability or voltage profile?
6. How power quality is measured in terms of amount of harmonics?
7. How total harmonics distortion (THD) is measured?
8. What are the devices that are used for the measurement of harmonics in the
current waveforms?
9. Which transforms helps in determining frequency response of waveforms
to measure harmonics content?
10.How low quality power or high THD current affects operation and control
of electrical devices?
11.How much derating of the devices occurs due to current and voltage
harmonics?
12.How power electronics devices helps in improving power quality?

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 Assignment 2:

Topic: Power Quality Enhancement Using Power Electronics Devices

Introduction:

Most important factors concerned for electrical power delivery

are reliability and power quality. Electrical power delivery is said to be
reliable if all the consumers are getting the power without interruption
for all the time unless it is a scheduled maintenance. Instantaneous
electrical power is the multiplication of the current and voltage at that
time instant. Electrical power quality is the measure of the sinusoidal
nature of the voltage and current waveforms. The definitions for the
real power, reactive power and apparent power are well established for
the sinusoidal ac system. Under non-sinusoidal ac systems the non-
sinusoidal waveform can be written in terms of summation of the
various different frequency component in addition to that of
fundamental frequency component i.e. 50Hz in India. Higher frequency
components leads to increased losses in the electrical devices. The L-C
tuned filters are used for elimination of harmonics thereby improving
power quality. But these passive filters has drawbacks of fixed
compensation, Ferro-resonance and instability. Active filters are
developed and adopted which has overcome the limitations of the
passive filters. The design and interfacing of active filters is possible
by power electronics devices.

Budeanu has provided power definitions for non-sinusoidal

conditions in 1927 with frequency domain approach. Fryze has defined
power for non-sinusoidal conditions in time domain in 1932. Their
definitions are not having clear physical meaning and can lead to the
misinterpretation. The problem of nonlinearity in load increased after
1970 due to development of the power electronics interfacing devices
for modulating the power for desirable control. The p-q theory was
published in the IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, including
with the experimental verification in 1984 which is used for the
extraction of the frequency components of the distorted waveforms.
Power electronics based devices are developed for power quality

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improvement like shunt active power filter, series active power filter,
flexible AC transmission (FACTS) devices and unified power quality
conditioner (UPQC).

The hybrid power filter is proposed in this paper for the mitigation
of harmonics which consists of both passive filter as well as active
power filter. The system is analyzed for major harmonics components
and then such hybrid power filter is designed. Major harmonics
components will be mitigated by passive filter which is very much
economical compared to active power filter. The passive filters are
benefited with the ease of design and implementation.

For design of hybrid power filter, the electrical system for which
such power filter is to be designed is analyzed first for its harmonics
components. This power quality study will be done in MATLAB-
Simulink. From such study, major harmonics components are
identified and passive filter will be designed first for mitigation of these
major harmonics components. The active power filter is designed for
eliminating only remaining harmonics components. So the rating of the
power electronics switches involved in design of the active power filter
will be reduced and hence it will be more economical. The concept of
hybrid filter will be benefited with the reduced cost. The hybrid power
filter is designed and simulated using MATLAB.

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References:

1. Arindam Ghosh, Gerard Ledwich. Power Quality

Enhancement Using Custom Power Devices., Springer
Science+Business Media,LLC,2002
2. C. I. Budeanu,“The different options and conceptions
regardingactive power in non-sinusoidal systems,” Instytut
Romain de l’Energie, no. 4, Bucharest, 1927.
3. H. Akagi, Y. Kanazawa, and A. Nabae, “Instantaneous
reactive power compensator comprising
switchingdeviceswithoutenergystoragecomponents,”IEEE
TransactionsonIndustryApplications, vol. 20, no. 3, 1984,
pp. 625–630
4. N. Mohan, T. Undeland, and W. P. Robbins, Power
Electronics—Converters, Applications, and Design, John
Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2003.
5. N. Hingorani and L. Giugyi, Understanding Facts: Concepts
and Technology of Flexible AC Transmission Systems,
IEEE Press, 1999