Jet Ray-Ann V.

Garingan 24
May 14, 2019
Batch 51

Dengue Fever

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Dengue fever is an acute febrile disease caused by infection with one of the
serotypes of dengue virus. It is a mosquito-born disease caused by
genus Aedes. During week 14, 2019, a total of 3,163 dengue cases have been
reported nationwide. As of 1 April 2019, the cumulative number of cases was
59,139 cases with 237 deaths compared to 32,611 cases with 175 deaths
reported during the same period last year. DOH Epidemiology Bureau showed
that cases of dengue nationwide have reached 36,664, including 140 deaths
from Jan. 1 to Feb. 23.
Flavivirus. It is caused by infection of one of the four serotypes of dengue
virus, which is a Flavivirus, a genus of single-stranded non-segmented RNA
virus. Aedes aegypti. Day-biting mosquitoes of the genus Aedes that breeds in
stagnant water transmit dengue virus. It has white dots at the base of its wings,
with white bands on the legs. And for the Incubation period. It has an incubation
period of three to ten days. Patient with dengue fever may experience sudden
high fever occurs as a result of the infection, severe headaches also torment the
patient. As the virus slowly spreads, even the lymph and blood vessels are
affected. Patient may also experience bleeding from the nose and gums is a
characteristic of DHF. The dengue virus could also penetrate the liver, causing
fatal damage. Circulatory system failure. The circulatory system ultimately fails
eventually if the disease is not treated promptly. And for the complication which is
dengue shock syndrome its common symptoms in impending shock include
abdominal pain, vomiting, and restlessness.
Preventive measures includes Avoid crowded places, stay away from
heavily populated residential areas, use mosquito repellents that are mild for the
skin, even indoors, when outdoors, wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants
tucked into socks, and make sure window and door screens are secure and free
of holes or use mosquito nets, empty or cover bottles, cans, and any containers
with stagnant water as these can become breeding places of mosquitoes.

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 Medical management including oral rehydration therapy, is recommended
for patients with moderate dehydration caused by high fever and vomiting, IVF
administration is indicated for patients with dehydration, patients with internal or
gastrointestinal bleeding may require transfusion, and patients with coagulopathy
may require fresh frozen plasma, and avoid aspirins, sspirin can thin the blood.
Warn patients to avoid aspirins and other NSAIDs as they increase the risk for
hemorrhage. Nursing management of patients with DHF is essential in achieving
complete recovery. Measure blood pressure as indicated, monitoring pain, note
client report of pain in specific areas, whether pain is increasing, diffused, or
localized. Vascular access, maintain patency of vascular access for fluid
administration or blood replacement as indicated. There must be a periodic
review of the medication regimen of the client to identify medications that might
exacerbate bleeding problems. Establish 24-hour fluid replacement needs. And
managing nose bleeds. Elevate position of the patient and apply ice bag to the
bridge of the nose and to the forehead. And place the patient in trendelenburg
position to restore blood volume to the head.

Reference:
https://nurseslabs.com/dengue-hemorrhagic-fever/