SGDP5053 Statistics in Education

INSTRUCTION:

Answer ALL questions.

1 (a) Why should you know the level of measurement of a data?.

(b) Why are researchers more interested in using the sample rather than the population
in research?

(6 marks)

2 Develop hypotheses for the following research questions:

i) Is there a significant difference in calculating the mean scores in the final

exam test using three different methods of learning?

ii) Is there a significant relationship between school climate and teacher

commitment?
(6 marks)

3 The following scores are earned by 14 students.

Ali 60 Zuraidah 58
Ah Keong 59 Mahdi 54
Lina 56 Pang 64
Ng 60 Ram 62
Samy 59 Saly 65
Fatin 61 Suzane 55
George 60 Raju 59

( X  X ) ( X  X ) 2 ( X  X ) 2
X s2  s
n n 1 n 1

Using the formula, calculate the following;

(a) Mean
(b) Median
(c) Range
(d) Variance
(e) Standard deviation
(15 marks)

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 SGDP5053 Statistics in Education

4 The following data regarding the length of service of 19 school teachers.

9 16 12 17 3 10 14 11
6 13 8 7 20 19 15 5
12 4 18

The formula below can be used for calculation

k
2 > n and i  (H - L)/k
where;

i is the class interval, H is the highest observed value, L is the lowest observed value, and k is
the number of classes.

Use the above data and formula to calculate the following;

a) How many classes would you recommend for the frequency distribution?
b) What size would you recommend for the class interval?
c) What is the lower limit would recommend for the first class?
d) Organize the information into a frequency distribution.
(12 marks)

5 The following results are the analysis of teachers commitment based on gender.

Group Statistics
Gender N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean
Male 22 67.23 10.397 2.217
Marks
female 18 69.83 10.673 2.516

Independent Samples Test

Levene's Test
for Equality of t-test for Equality of Means
Variances
95% Confidence
Sig. Mean Std. Error Interval of the
F Sig. t Df Difference
(2-tailed) Difference Difference
Lower Upper
Equal variances
.001 .975 -4.371 38 .231 -11.606 3.344 -18.37 -4.837
assumed
Commitment
Equal variances
-4.551 36.052 .223 -11.606 3.353 -18.41 -4.807
not assumed

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Based on the output table above, answer the following question;

a) What is the purpose of Levene's Test ?

(2 marks)
b) Which t-value will you report? Why?
(2 marks)
c) State the null and alternate hypothesis.
(4 marks)
d) Make a decision and conclusion.
(6 marks)

6 As part of a class-required research project, a student was interested in investigating

whether there was a difference between three learning strategies (strategies A, B, and
C) on word recall. Thirty students who agreed to participate in the study were randomly
assigned to receive one of the three strategies (with 10 students in each group). After
learning the strategy of interest, the students were shown a list of 15 words for five
minutes and were asked to remember as many of the words as possible using the new
strategy. After a brief delay, each student wrote down as many of the words as he or she
could remember from the list, with the researcher recording the number of words
correctly recalled for each participant. The independent variable in this study is the type
of learning strategy (A, B, and C) and the dependent variable is the number of words
correctly recalled.

The SPSS output displayed below

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 SGDP5053 Statistics in Education

Based on the output table above, answer the following questions;

(a) State the null hypothesis and the alternate hypothesis.

(4 marks)
(b) State the finding based on ANOVA table above.
(4 marks)
(c) Express the results in APA format.
(3 marks)
(d) Why should Post Hoc test be conducted?
(2 marks)
(e) Interpret the result as in the Post Hoc Tests table above.
(6 marks)

7 The following result are the analysis of Pearson Correlation for two variables, namely
exam scores (Exam) and hours of watching Television (TV).

Correlations

Exam TV

Pearson Correlation 1 -.933**

Exam Sig. (2-tailed) .000

N 30 30
Pearson Correlation -.933** 1

TV Sig. (2-tailed) .000

N 30 30
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

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 SGDP5053 Statistics in Education

(a) Based on the output table above,

i. State the null hypothesis and the alternate hypothesis?

(4 marks)
ii. State the finding and conclusion.
(5 marks)

(b) Interpret each of the following;

i. The value of correlation between time spent watching television and time spent
reading is r = -.44.

ii. The value of correlation between socioeconomic status and number of museums
visited is r = +.21.

iii. The value of correlation between days absent from school and kindergarten
readings scores is r = -.58.
(9 marks)

8 The table below shows the output of simple regression analysis to identify the influence
of independent variable, namely Time in minutes spent watching TV on the dependent
variable, Cholesterol concentration.

Model Summaryb
Adjusted R Std. Error of the
Model R R Square Square Estimate

1 .389a .151 .143 .53759

a. Predictors: (Constant), Time in minutes spent watching TV

b. Dependent Variable: Cholesterol concentration

ANOVAa
Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
1 Regression 5.049 1 5.049 17.471 .000b
Residual 28.322 98 .289
Total 33.371 99

a. Dependent Variable: Cholesterol concentration

b. Predictors: (Constant), Time in minutes spent watching TV

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 SGDP5053 Statistics in Education

Coefficientsa
Standardized
Unstandardized Coefficients Coefficients
Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig.
1 (Constant) -2.135 1.813 -1.177 .242
Time in minutes spent
.044 .011 .389 4.180 .000
watching TV
a. Dependent Variable: Cholesterol concentration

Based on the output in the table above, answer the following questions:

(i) How do you interpret the value of R2 ?

(3 marks)
(ii) Construct a regression model based on the above table.
(3 marks)
(iii) Explain the meaning of value for independent variable.
(4 marks)

END OF EXAM PAPER