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Summary For Antibiotic For USMLE Exam

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Antibiotic For USMLE

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 DR.Nopy  November 1, 2016  Medical Up To Medicine
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Pathoma
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Pathoma
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PATHOMA
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+Sulfonamides compete for albumin with: Uworld tables and
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[amazonjs asin=”150620841X” locale=”US” title=”USMLE
Step 1 Lecture Notes 2017 (USMLE Prep)”] PATHOMA
QUESTIONS AND
* Beta-lactamase (penicinillase) Suceptible: ANSWER 2017 PDF
Pathoma Videos
Written Notes 2017
Natural Penicillins (G, V, F, K)
[PDF]
Aminopenicillins (Amoxicillin, Ampicillin)
Antipseudomonal Penicillins (Ticarcillin, Piperacillin) Pathoma 2018
Collection [Slides ,
* Beta-lactamase (penicinillase) Resistant: Pictures and Videos]

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 Oxacillin, Nafcillin, Dicloxacillin
3°G, 4°G Cephalosporins
Carbapenems
Monobactams
Beta-lactamase inhibitors

* Penicillins enhanced with:

Clavulanic acid & Sulbactam (both are suicide

inhibitors, they inhibit beta-lactamase)
Aminoglycosides (against enterococcus and
psedomonas)

* Aminoglycosides enhanced with Aztreonam

* Penicillins: renal clearance EXCEPT Oxacillin &

Nafcillin (bile)

* Cephalosporines: renal clearance

EXCEPT Cefoperazone & Cefrtriaxone (bile)

* Both inhibited by Probenecid during tubular secretion.

* 2°G Cephalosporines: none cross BBB

except Cefuroxime

* 3°G Cephalosporines: all cross BBB

except Cefoperazone bc is highly highly lipid soluble, so
is protein bound in plasma, therefore it doesn’t cross
BBB.
* Cephalosporines are “LAME“ bc they  do not cover this
organisms

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L  isteria monocytogenes
A  typicals (Mycoplasma, Chlamydia)
M RSA (except Ceftaroline, 5°G)
E  nterococci

* Disul ram-like
e ect: Cefotetan & Cefoperazone (mnemonic)

* Cefoperanzone: all the exceptions!!!

All 3°G cephalosporins cross the BBB except

Cefoperazone.
All cephalosporins are renal cleared, except
Cefoperazone.
Disul ram-like e ect

* Against Pseudomonas:

3°G Cef taz idime (taz taz taz taz)

4°G Cefepime, Cefpirome (not available in the USA)
Antipseudomonal penicillins
Aminoglycosides (synergy with beta-lactams)
Aztreonam (pseudomonal sepsis)
* Covers MRSA: Ceftaroline (rhymes w/ Caroline,
Caroline the 5°G
Ceph), Vancomycin, Daptomycin, Linezolid, Tigecycline.

* Covers VRSA: Linezolid, Dalfopristin/Quinupristin

* Aminoglycosides: decrease release of ACh in synapse

and act as a Neuromuscular blocker, this is why it
enhances e ects of muscle relaxants.

* DEMECLOCYCLINE: tetracycline that’s not used as an

AB, it is used as tx of SIADH to cause Nephrogenic
Diabetes Insipidus (inhibits the V2 receptor in collecting
ducts)

* Phototoxicity: Q ue S T  ion?

Q uinolones
Sulfonamides
T etracyclines
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* p450 inhibitors: Cloramphenicol, Macrolides (except
Azithromycin), Sulfonamides

* Macrolides SE: Motilin stimulation, QT prolongation,

reversible deafness, eosinophilia, cholestatic hepatitis

* Bactericidal: beta-lactams (penicillins, cephalosporins,

monobactams, carbapenems), aminoglycosides,
uorquinolones, metronidazole.

* Baceriostatic: tetracyclins, streptogramins,
chloramphenicol, lincosamides, oxazolidonones,
macrolides, sulfonamides, DHFR inhibitors.

* Pseudomembranous colitis: Ampicillin, Amoxicillin,

Clindamycin, Lincomycin.

* QT prolongation: macrolides, sometimes

uoroquinolones

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for the USMLE Step 1 2017″]

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