Abstract: This paper aims to study the effects of gender, age and education on the

application of new technology in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), under the

theory of theory of planned behavior (TPB). The current study has collected the data

from 1088 Saudi knowledge workers. On the basis of collected data evaluation, the

current found that TBP model is performing excellently in KSA. This validation

represents 37% of the variation in behavioral intent among Saudi knowledge workers.

Moreover, in respect of moderating variables that there were no statistically

significant interactions, except for moderation in perceived behavioral control of

behavioral intent by level of education. Furthermore, in term of research implications

and limitations that KSA is a model for many developing countries with distinct

intellectual and cultural traditions that differ from Western cultures. Demographic

variables (such as gender and age) that have been reported as moderating variables

which have significant effects on subjective norm, attitude and perceived behavioral

control on the intention of behavior in other cultural samples not important in this

Saudi sample. Furthermore, the present study presents practical implications as well

such as system developers using user-centric design techniques have different design

criteria to adopt the IT workforce in a technically developing country than in a

technologically advanced country. At last not least, originality of researcher reports

that this paper validates the TPB as a multicultural model to investigate the impact of

attitudes, beliefs and subjective norms on the adoption of technology, and in contrast

to previous studies, refer to the (non) effects of selected demographic coordinators on

a sample using a non-Western sample.

Bin Abdul Rashid and others. (2017) presented that this study analyzes the factors

contributing to the behavior of electronic bullying; 397 undergraduate students

participated in the study and yielded some interesting results. This study, supported by
the theory of planned behavior, found some support for the theory. Specifically,

perceived social pressures (subjective criteria) were identified as the most predictive,

followed by attitudes towards cyber bullying. However, perceived behavioral control

was not closely related to toxic behavior. In general, these findings indicate the need

to address anti-social behavior by the relevant parties, and preventive measures must

be taken to promote pro-social behaviors in the Internet environment.

Besides, Javarkarimi et al. (2017) reported on the base of TPB that this study aims at

finding specific factors that influence the intention of individuals to interact with

others online. Along with key TPB variables, including attitude, subjective standards

and perceived behavioral control, in this research, he also studied the role of moral

commitment, the perceived threat of legal punishment and public gains. Using a

scenario-based questionnaire, data were collected from 96 students at Universiti

Teknologi Malaysia. According to the results, the subjective criteria and the overall

gains are reflected as important to the intent to dominate the Internet, while the rest of

the variables did not reflect any importance. The impact of these determinants was not

the same between females and males, reflecting gender differences in Internet intent

(Pabian & Vandebosch, 2014). This research begins by noting that the search for

cyber bullying has given relatively little attention to the proximate determinants of

this behavior. Therefore, the value of the model that emerges from the variables that

represent the beliefs behind the basic concepts of the theory of planned behavior

(TPB) is tested to explain the intent and behavior of cyber bullying. The data stem

from a longitudinal study among 1606 students (11-17 years). Structural equation

modeling (SEM) analysis reveals that these beliefs represent 88.8%, 38.2%, and

24.6%, respectively, of the variance in SN and PBC and position (A).

Direct measurements of SN, A and PBC accounted for 28.8% of the intentional

intransigence across the Internet, and in turn showed 8.6% of reported behavior after

six months. We conclude that the model provides a detailed view of the relative

importance of many of the proximate determinants of cyberbullying, which will

benefit from cyber bullying interventions in the future. Pabian & Vandebosch (2014)

stated that this paper begins by noting that the search for cyber bullying has given

relatively little attention to the proximate determinants of this behavior. Therefore, the

value of the model that emerges from the variables that represent the beliefs behind

the basic concepts of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) is tested to explain the

intent and behavior of cyber bullying. The data stem from a longitudinal study among

1606 students (11-17 years).SEM analysis reveals that these beliefs represent 88.8%,

38.2%, and 24.6%, respectively, of the variance in SN and PBC and position (A).

Direct measurements of SN, A and PBC accounted for 28.8% of the intentional

intransigence across the Internet, and in turn showed 8.6% of reported behavior after

six months. We conclude that the model provides a detailed view of the relative

importance of many of the proximate determinants of cyber bullying, which will

benefit from cyber bullying interventions in the future.

Based on Herman et al. (2016) survey of 1,743 students in 16 secondary schools

(removed for overview), this study applies an expanded theory of planned behavior

(TPB) to adolescents accepting online friendship requests from social networking

sites (SNSs) . As described in the literature, random friendship on social networking

sites can significantly affect adolescent safety online. The results obtained by

modeling structural equations showed that the personal criterion for accepting

strangers as SNS friends is the most important predictive index, followed by PBC and

position.The association of social capital (that is, the behavior of the individual with
strong and intimate relationships) is negatively correlated with the position and the

personal base, while the social capital linkage (disposal of the weak and superficial

relationships of the individual) is positively correlated with the three TPBs.

Satisfaction with life is negatively correlated with attitude. This study also found that

introverted adolescents expect more positive social pressure to accept friendship

requests from outsiders than hackers.