COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus

Computer
Graphics
Design
ASSIGNMENT 3 – COMPUTING FOR MANAGEMENT

HAROON IRFAN RANA

SP19-BAF-048-A
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 COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. What Is It?........................................................................... 3

2. Impacts & Uses ................................................................... 4

2.1. Uses in Information Technology ................................................................................... 4

2.2. Uses in Entertainment .................................................................................................. 4

2.3. Uses in CAD (Computer-Aided Design) ......................................................................... 5

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 COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus

WHAT IS IT?
Computer Graphics are products of the graphical arts usually used commercially in
design and illustrations. This term usually refers to the computer-generated image data
created with the help of specialized graphical hardware and software. Computer graphics
are responsible for displaying art and image data effectively and meaningfully to the
consumer. It is also used for processing image data received from the physical data which
several high-end smartphones are using in this day and age for photography image
processing. The term computer graphics includes almost everything on computers that is
not text or sound. Today almost every computer can do some graphics, and people have
even come to expect to control their computer through icons and pictures rather than just
by typing.

Although the term “computer graphics” itself was coined in 1960 by William Fetter, a
designer at Boeing, to describe his own job, the field can be said to have first arrived with
the publication in 1963 of Ivan Sutherland’s Sketchpad program, as part of his Ph.D. thesis at
MIT. Sketchpad, as its name suggests, was a drawing program. Beyond the interactive
drawing of primitives such as lines and circles and their manipulation – in particular,
copying, moving and constraining – with use of the then recently invented light pen,
Sketchpad had the first fully-functional graphical user interface (GUI) and the first
algorithms for geometric operations such as clip and zoom.

Computer graphics are found in almost every industry; individuals in all

demographic, geographic, racial, political, and religious groups benefit from them. When
picking up a magazine or newspaper, watching television, going to the movies, or taking a
drive down the street, images produced by computer graphics are seen.

Computer graphics will continue to get more sophisticated. Their 3-D photorealistic
capabilities and ability to predict changes over time have revolutionized product
development and marketing, as well as scientific research and education. They are
responsible for superior special effects in movies and on television. Many newspapers and
magazines use only computer-generated graphics. They add an aesthetic and emotional
dimension to text. Computer graphics affect everyone's life in almost every aspect every
day.

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 COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus

IMPACTS & USES

Over the years, along with its development, Computer Graphics have had a great
innovative impact on several sectors of the world of entertainment specially in the realm of
photography and cinematography.

USES IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Computer Graphics are a significant factor in information technology today
because almost all commercial and personal level software holds a great amount of
representational data attained from computer graphics. All level of developers can
easily create visual graphics according to their projects. Examples are photographs,
drawings, Line art, graphs, diagrams, typography, numbers, symbols, geometric
designs, maps, engineering drawings, or other images.

USES IN ENTERTAINMENT
One of the prime applications of computer graphics and multimedia is that it
is used for digital entertainment purpose. Computer graphics techniques are also
used in making motion pictures, music videos and television shows. Sometimes the
graphics scenes are displayed by this facility and sometimes the actors and line
scenes. However, it is seen that music videos nowadays are using graphics in a very
complex way.

Graphics objects can be combined with the line actions and images.
Processing techniques can be used to produce a transformation of one person or
object into another.

Image processing applies the techniques to modify or interpret the existing

pictures such as photographs. The main principle application of image processing is
improving the picture quality and machine perception of visual information that
used in the images. To apply image processing techniques a photograph or other
pictures are first digitalized onto an image file. Then the digital methods can be
applied to be arranged to enhance color separation or to improve the quality of
shading.

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 COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus

USES IN CAD (COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN)

CAD is one of the major applications of computer graphics that occurs at the
top of the list. These methods or techniques are routinely used in designing of
buildings, space crafts, automobiles, computer textile, computer hardware,
watercraft etc.

For some design applications, objects are first displayed in a wire form
outline that shows the overall shapes and internal features of the objects. Wire form
display also allows the designer to quickly see the effects of the interactive
adjustment to design shape. Animations are often used in CAD application. Real-time
animation using wire form display on a video monitor is used to form testing the
performance of a vehicle or a system. Animations on a virtual reality environment
are used to determine how vehicles operators are affected by certain motions.

The object designs are when completed and nearly complete, realistic model
and surface rendering are applied to produce displays that mean show the
appearance of the final product.

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