MSC Aerospace Delft Track Control and Systems

Program overview
14-May-2019 19:23
Year 2017/2018
Organization Aerospace Engineering
Education Master Aerospace Engineering
Code Omschrijving ECTS p1 p2 p3 p4 p5
Track 2: Control and Operations

Profile I: Control and Simulation
AE4010 Research Methodologies 2
AE4020 Literature Study 12
AE4301 Automatic Flight Control System Design 3
AE4301P Exercise Automatic Flight Control System Design 1
AE4302 Avionics and Operations 3
AE4304 Stochastic Aerospace Systems 3
AE4304P Stochastic Aerospace Systems Practical 1
AE4316 Aerospace Human-Machine Systems 4
AE4322 Piloted Flight Simulation 4
AE4431 Aircraft noise and emissions 3
AE4441-16 Operations optimisation 4
AE5050 Internship 18
AE5310 Thesis Control and Operations 42
WI2056LR Systems Theory 4
WM0324LR Ethics and Engineering for Aerospace Engineering 3
Profile II: Aircraft Noise and Climate Effects
AE4462-17 Aircraft Emissions and Climate Effects 4
AE4463-17 Advanced Aircraft Noise Modeling and Measurement 4
Profile III: Air Transport Operations
AE4423 Airline Planning & Optimization 4
AE4447 Aircraft Performance Optimization 3
AE4448 Agent-based Safety Risk Analysis 4
AE4465 Maintenance Modeling & Analysis 4
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1.
Year 2017/2018
Track 2: Control and Operations

MSc Coordinator Dr.ir. C. Borst
Introduction 1 Control and Operations is focused on the through-life operations associated with aerospace industry. It studies the avionics
systems of individual aircraft, flight control and flight deck design, airline operations and support (maintenance), air traffic
control and air traffic management, airports, as well as the operations associated with air transport as a whole.
By selecting one of the three C&O profiles, the student chooses an educational programme that contains a particular balance of
these elements. Theory and practice are combined in exciting and challenging fields of study for talented and ambitious students.
Our graduates easily find their way in finding a good job in engineering, research, consulting, and management.
The C&O profiles incorporate a research project that builds on the learning gained from the taught modules. C&O research
projects focus on academic quality and the contribution to the body of knowledge in the field. There is also a strong recognition
of the importance of understanding problems coming from industry, through industrial collaboration, and experimental
validation of the novel operational concepts in real-life scenarios.
The Track offers three Profiles:

I.Control and Simulation
II.Aircraft Noise and Climate Effects
III.Air Transport Operations
Program Goals Learning objectives

The focus in C&O lies on first establishing a sound theoretical and framework and then to sharing our departmentâs expertise in
applying this knowledge in practical problems.
Program Structure 1 The Track consists of three Profiles that share a common core of 16 ECTS. Each profile programme consists of a 'Profile core' of
mandatory courses, ranging between 16 and 17 ECTS, supplemented by Electives (13 to 20 ECTS) that can be adjusted to either
the subject of the final thesis work, or to the student's own taste. The MSc thesis project is an individual research assignment,
conducted 'in house' or at an appropriate external organization partner.
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Year 2017/2018
Profile I: Control and Simulation

MSc Coordinator Prof.dr.ir. M. Mulder
Introduction 1 Profile ICONTROL & SIMULATION
Short Description: this profile focuses on the design, analysis and test of automatic and manual flight guidance and control
systems. Our main goal is to enhance the safety, survivability and performance of aerospace vehicles through creating better
automation. The profile embarks with the essentials of systems and control theory, stochastic dynamic systems and signals, real-
time computing and flight simulation, and modelling human cognition and manual control performance. In their electives and
final graduation, students can then either focus on the design of autonomous guidance and control systems, or concentrate on the
analysis and design of human-in-the-loop control systems. Students have the opportunity to work with state-of-the-art facilities
to close the loop of theory and application, using the laboratory aircraft, the moving-base flight simulator SIMONA, and many
unmanned aerial vehicles, such as Delfly.
Regarding autonomous systems, students will have opportunities to tackle challenging problems focusing on the design of highly
-automated, intelligent and (semi-)autonomous aerial vehicles. Depending on their interests, students will learn advanced control
theory, global optimisation approaches, state and parameter estimation techniques, and modern dynamic modelling techniques.
Examples of aeronautical applications are fault tolerant and re-configurable flight control design, flight envelope clearance and
protection, vehicle dynamics model identification using flight data, and advanced flight test instrumentation systems. Space
applications include rendezvous/docking vehicle control system designs, formation flying spacecraft GNC system designs,
modelling of spacecraft with flexible structures and liquid sloshing, and optimal terminal area energy management of re-entry
vehicles.
When considering human-in-the-loop systems, students will learn to understand and model human perception and control
behaviour at the level of skills. Research aims at modelling the 'human component' in closed loop vehicular control, using
modern identification techniques and classical control. Example applications are the design of âhapticâ force-feedback manual
control systems for aerospace vehicles (and also haptic control devices in automobiles), modelling human visual-vestibular
perception and control, the neuromuscular system dynamics and biodynamic coupling effects, the optimal tuning of flight
simulator visual and motion cues, aircraft handling qualities and advanced fly-by-wire systems, three-dimensional flight
guidance displays, and the tele-operation of unmanned aerial vehicles.
Learning objectives:
1.Knowledge on modern methods for analysis of control problems and synthesis of control systems
2.Knowledge of modelling human perception and control behaviour, including modern methods for identification
3.Skills in the use of modern control and simulation programs, such as Matlab/Simulink
4.Skills in the programming, setup and execution of experiments in flight simulators or in flight tests
5.Insight in related disciplines such as artificial intelligence, statistics, sensor fusion, distributed computing and real-time
simulation
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Responsible Instructor Dr.ir. G.N. Saunders
Responsible Instructor Prof.dr. R. Curran
Contact Hours / Week Online
x/x/x/x
Education Period 1
2
3
4
Start Education 1
2
3
4
Exam Period none
Course Language English
Required for All MSc students in Aerospace Engineering
Expected prior knowledge It is expected that Students who take part in this course have completed almost all courses of their MSc and are about to start on
their Literature Study or MSc thesis depending on their chosen MSC track.
It is of little value to take this course early, so please plan accordingly!

Course Contents The aim of the course is to be a research-driven preparation for the aerospace engineering MSc thesis in the final year of the
MSc. It will help you prepare for the challenges of your thesis work.
The course will consist of 7 modules one to be completed each week and will be taught online using video lectures in periods 1 -
4 and over the summer (period 5)
The set up is as follows:
1. Research Design in MSc - Introduction to research, research framework
2. Research Methods - Stages of a project, Research objective, research questions, research strategy, research methods
3. Data Analysis - Quantitative & Qualitative methods
4. Validation & Verification - How to validate & verify your work?
5. Project Management & Peer review of draft Project plan - How to manage your project and your thesis progress. Project plan
peer review
6. Planning - How to plan, expectations, Gannt Charts
7. Literature Review - How to carry out a scientific literature review? Differences between review and research
The course has been designed to be suitable for distant learning

Study Goals At the end of the course the student will:
- be aware of the expectations of an MSc student
- be able to formulate a research question and research aim
- be able to set up a research plan for their Literature Study or MSc thesis
Education Method (Online) Lectures, Assignments and voluntary Peer review of each others research plans.
Literature and Study "Designing a Research Project" by Verschuren en Doorewaard, 2nd edition, Lemma, ISBN 9789059315723
Materials
Prerequisites Students must be starting their Literature Study or their Thesis project.
Assessment For this course you will have to write a (draft) Research Plan based on the topics of your Literature Study or ideally your MSc
thesis. This does not have to be your final research plan on which thesis is based.
All work MUST be submitted digitally in PDF-format via Turn-it-in on the BrightSpace page of the course. All assignments will
be checked for plagiarism.
There are five deadlines for handing in each year: Period 1 - 10 November 2017; Period 2 - 2 February 2018; Period 3 - 20 April
2018 and Period 4 - 6 July 2018; Period 5 - 31 August 2018.
Grades can be expected before 2 February, 20 April, 6 July, 31 August and 9 November 2018 respectively.
Reports handed in will be graded after each period within the time frame stated above. Due to other commitments it is not
possible for the lecturers of this course to fast-track the grading of any reports so please plan accordingly!
Enrolment / Application Please enroll via BrightSpace for the period you want to take the course in. The course will open on the first Monday of each
period.
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Responsible Instructor Prof.dr.ir. L.L.M. Veldhuis
Contact Hours / Week x/x/x/x
x/x/x/x
Education Period 1
2
3
4
Start Education 1
2
3
4
Exam Period none
Required for All students who have chosen the Literature Study (and not the Master Orientation Project) in their programme.
Expected prior knowledge Students who start their Literature Study have completed almost all their Master Track Core and Profile courses, and follow or
have followed course AE4010 Research Methodologies.
Course Contents The Literature Study is an individual assignment that prepares for the thesis research project. The Literature Study aims the
student to familiarise with the subject of the thesis research project and apply the research skills that are acquired in course
AE4010 Research Methodologies.
You practice the concept of:

* Setting up a research plan for the Literature Study and possibly the Thesis research project
* Formulating the research question and research aim.
* Writing a literature review, based on the research plan
* Doing systematic research
Study Goals The goals of the literature study are twofold:
* Obtain an accurate overview of the state-of-the-art in the field of your MSc thesis research. This helps you to identify the most
interesting and relevant questions in this field and prevents you from re-inventing the wheel.
* Learn to formulate a clear problem definition, become familiar with all sources of information (internet, library, courses) and
their quality, get a clear overview of methods and theories in the field of research, and last but not least write a report with the
style and quality of an MSc thesis.
Education Method The Literature Study is an individual and independent assignment. The student and the prospective thesis supervisor together
decide on the topic. You are responsible for the planning. Although you are in charge, this doesn't mean that you have to do this
in isolation. Please make good use of your supervisor and other experts. They will be happy to provide feedback, especially if
they see that you use it well.
The literature report is a dedicated 50-page (max) document.
The Literature Study is typically divided in three phases.

1) In the first phase you formulate a research question and research aims and set up a research plan with a planning of
intermediate milestones with appropriate deliverables.
2) In the second phase you look at many resources. Don't read them all the way, but scroll through them and try to understand
what they are all about. This gives you an overview of:
- who are the most influentual researchers
- who are currently doing research on this topic
- what are the usual research approaches
- what is the current state of the art
- what has been left for future work
The second phase is done when you are able to write a good introduction and conclusion for your report. Write the conclusion
before writing the rest of the report, because the role of the rest of the chapters is to support the conclusions.
3) The third phase consists of systematically answering the main question (and its subquestions)that you formulated in the
introduction. From now on, everything that you read, you must judge whether it helps answering these questions. If not, then
don't waste time trying to understand it in depth, but move on to the next. In this phase you accumulate many pieces of a puzzle.
All the relevant pieces of information somehow fit together to lead up to your main conclusions. Structuring this puzzle is
difficult and it requires iterations. You may also have to reformulate your main question and main conclusion in order to fit all
pieces of the puzzle.
Here are some tips on how to find all interesting literature:

- Store the search words and the search engines that you used, to convince yourself that your search was complete. These search
words will probably become the keywords of the report.
- Use your own judgement, websites, books and scientific papers may contain errors or faulty lines of reasoning.
- Books are also literature, and the TU Delft library is exceptionally well stocked.
Course Relations The Literature Study is related to course AE4010 Research Methodologies that teaches the skills and provides the research-
driven preparation.
The Literature Study paves the way for the MSc Thesis research project.
Assessment The Literature Study report is assessed by your supervisor. He reviews and jugdes for the following aspects:
- Feedback process: how well did you ask for feedback and how well did you use it?
- Focus: is the goal of the report clearly stated in the introduction (usually in the form of a question), and does the conclusion
give a clear answer to the question and its subquestions?
- Motivation: does the introduction convincingly state why this research question is an interesting one?
- Argumentation: is the line of reasoning correct?
- Completeness: nobody who reads this should be able to say "why didn't you think of X". How well does the report pre-empt
such questions, either by addressing the relevant literature or by motivating (in the introduction) why X is not relevant.
- English: how good is the English grammar and spelling?
- Structure and style: How easy is the report to read, despite its complex content?
- Know what you're talking about: How well does the report use the information from literature? Simply repeating statements
and conclusions from resources that you read will not be valued highly.
- References: Are all the references traceable? Does the report properly cite relevant papers?
Important: the final version will be judged as described above, but not the preliminary drafts. So do not hesitate to give an early
unfinished version to your supervisor; you rather receive their useful comments before you spend weeks on the draft.
Your result is graded by a mark. Generally, it is impossible to receive a mark lower than 6.0, because your supervisor will simply
not yet give you the mark, but request you to improve the work to meet the standards.
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A draft of the Literature Study report is also reviewed and judged by the instructor of the course AE4010 Research
Methodologies. His judgement of the formulation of the research question and research aims, the set-up of the research plan and
the methodology used or planned for the thesis is used as the mark for the course AE4010 Research Methodologies.
For the assessment of the literature study, rubrics will be used.

see: http://studenten.tudelft.nl/fileadmin/Faculteit/LR/Opleidingen/Docs/Ae_-_Literature_Survey_-_Rubrics.pdf
Enrolment / Application The prospective supervisor of the final thesis work acts as the supervisor for the Literature Study. Please address to him to agree
upon the subject and planning, or to your MSc Track Coordinator or Profile Advisor for further information.
Remarks For those students who take a Master Orientation Project in the first year, a literature study forms part of the Thesis project in the
second year. In that case, the scope, planning, deliverable format, and study load (typically 7 EC) are variable and subject to the
agreement between the student and the Thesis supervisor. The assessment of the literature study is then part of the thesis project.
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Responsible Instructor Dr.ir. E. van Kampen
Contact Hours / Week 4/0/0/0
x/x/x/x
Education Period 1
Start Education 1
Exam Period 1
2
Required for AE4303
Expected prior knowledge The following prior knowledge is required:
AE3302
AE2204 (until 2012/2013)
AE2235-I (from 2013/2014)
Parts 1. Introduction: Course use and arrangement
a. Why automatic flight control systems?
b. Function of the flight control system in civil aviation
c. Recapitulation of theory on flight dynamics
d. Review of the different frames of reference: wind, stability,
body and geodetic etc.
e. Non-linear equations of motion of rigid aircraft.
f. Trim and linearization of the non-linear equations of motion.
g. The linearized longitudinal aircraft dynamics using a statespace
representation and the equivalent frequency domain
form.
2. Recapitulation of systems and control theory
a. From aircraft dynamics to differential equation
a. Laplace transformation
c. Elementary closed loop systems
d. Transfer functions in Matlab
3. Poles and zeros
a. First order systems
b. Second order systems
c. Pole placement for simple systems
4. Root locus method
a. Characteristic equation
b. Angle and magnitude conditions
c. Root locus in Matlab
5. State space formulation
a. Controllability, observability
b. Ackerman's formula
c. LQR
6. Basic controllers: P,PI,PD,PID
7. Frequency response
a. Bode plots
b. Bode plots in Matlab
8. Polar plots (Nyquist)
9. Performance and handling qualities
a. The military specifications (MIL-SPEC) handling quality
criteria
b. The Control Anticipation Parameter (CAP)
c. Gibsons Phase rate and Frequency criterion
10. Dynamic stability augmentation
a. yaw dampers
b. pitch dampers
c. phugoid dampers
11. Static stability augmentation
a. angle of attack feedback to improve static margin
b. load factor feedback to improve manoeuvre margin
c. sideslip feedback to improve directional static stability
12. Basic longitudinal autopilot modes
a. pitch attitude hold mode
b. altitude hold mode
c. airspeed hold mode (using autothrottle)
d. vertical speed
13. Basic lateral autopilot modes
a. roll angle hold mode
b. coordinated roll angle hold mode
c. turn rate at constant altitude and speed
d. heading angle hold mode
14. Longitudinal and lateral guidance modes
a. glideslope hold mode
b. automatic flare mode
c. localizer hold mode
d. VOR hold mode
Course Contents Classical control is still predominantly used in aerospace industry
for the design and analysis of automatic flight control systems.
Various existing control systems such as Stability Augmentation
Systems (SAS), Control Augmentation Systems (CAS) and fly-bywire
systems are reviewed in detail. The emphasis of the course
lies in demonstrating, through application of classical frequency
domain and state space techniques, how to design systems that
fulfill the requirements imposed by the aviation authorities, with
emphasis on understanding the benefits and limitations of such
systems.
Study Goals After this course the student should be able to:
- substantiate the function of a Flight Control

System(FCS) in civil/military aviation.
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- apply the theory of flight dynamics and control
to FCS design.
- verify if a given FCS satisfies the handling qualities

criteria.
- design static and dynamic stability augmentation systems.
- design all longitudinal and lateral autopilot modes.

Education Method Lectures with computer
demonstrations
Literature and Study Course material to support the exercises will be posted
Materials on the blackboard.
Recommended literature
- M.V. Cook, Principles in flight dynamics, Edward Arnold,
London, 1997 ISBN 0-340-63200-3.
- B.L. Stevens, F.L.Lewis, Aircraft control and simulation,
Wiley, New York, 1992 ISBN 0471613975.
- J. Roskam, Airplane flight dynamics and control Part
II, , ISBN 1-8845885-18-7.
Assessment Written closed-book examination
Remarks Some chairs may require students to perform a laboratory
exercise or practical in conjunction with this course.
Set-up At the end of each lecture, a simple take home assignment is
given in order to gain experience in working with the course
material. There will be a written examination at the end of the
course. In the related practical AE4301P a control system must be designed that satisfies certain desired requirements.

Contact Hours / Week 0/x/0/0
x/x/x/x
Education Period 1
Start Education 1
Exam Period none
Required for AE4303
Expected prior knowledge AE4301
AE2204 (until 2012/2013)
AE2235-I (from 2013/2014)
Course Contents The goal is to design a control system using classical control
theory. The control design is in fact a simple version of a military
jet aircraft flight control system. The flight control system consists
of two parts, namely the design of a pitch rate command system
satisfying CAP/Gibson MIL-specifications and the design of a terrain following command system using optimal control.
Study Goals To become familiar with classical flight controllers and their
design, and to gain insight in handling qualities of open-loop and controlled aircraft
Education Method General Practice Exercise
Literature and Study Course material to support the exercise will be posted on the
Materials blackboard.
Assessment Exercise
Remarks A short report about the design of this controller using classical
control theory needs to be written. This report must be handed
in during the second quarter.
Set-up The exercise is a homework assignment to be solved using
Matlab and Simulink.
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Responsible Instructor Dr.ir. C. Borst
Instructor Ir. T.J. Mulder
x/x/x/x
Education Period 1
Start Education 1
Exam Period 1
2
Required for AE4316
AE4317
AE4318
AE4319
AE4321-15
AE4322
Expected prior knowledge Flight Dynamics
System and Control Theory
Parts Week arrangement
Lecture and study material
1. Introduction to avionics systems.
2. Air Data systems.
3. Gyroscopes, attitude reference systems.
4. Compasses, heading reference systems.
5. Navigation equations.
6. Inertial Navigation Systems.
7. Radio navigation systems (ADF, VOR, DME).
8. Landing guidance systems (ILS, MLS, GPS).
9. Communication, Navigation, Surveillance (CNS).
10. Satellite navigation systems (GPS).
11. Flight deck instruments and integrated systems.
12. The Flight Management System (FMS).
13. Air Traffic Management (ATM).
14. The Future Air Navigation System (FANS).

Course Contents (see week arrangement)
This course provides a comprehensive, unified coverage of the principles of modern navigation equipment and systems, both in
the aircraft and on the ground, including the aircraft instrumentation and flight-deck systems, with a special emphasis on the
important trends in the global air navigation and air traffic management system.
Study Goals 1. The student can describe in detail the working principles of the avionics systems treated in the course.
2. The student can demonstrate the avionics systems' functionalities, identify their strong points and weaknesses, and make
comparisons between the avionics systems.
3. The student can evaluate, criticize, and appraise their usage in the current and future operational context.
Education Method Lecture
Literature and Study All slides used in the course are put into a reader that can be purchased.
Materials
Lecture slides and other lecture material are put on the Blackboard
The books mentioned below (Pallett & Coombs, Kayton & Fried) can be hired at the Control & Simulation division.
Recommended literature:
E.H.J. Pallett, L.F.E.Coombs, Aircraft Instruments and Integrated Navigation Systems, Longman, 1997 ISBN 0-582-08627-2.
M. Kayton, W.R.Fried, Avionics Navigation Systems, Wiley, 1997 ISBN 0471547956.
Assessment Written exam (closed-book)
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AE4304 Stochastic Aerospace Systems 3
Responsible Instructor Prof.dr.ir. M. Mulder
Instructor Dr.ir. D.M. Pool
x/x/x/x
Education Period 2
Start Education 2
Exam Period 2
3
Required for AE4306
AE4307
Expected prior knowledge AE2235-I Aerospace System and Control Theory
AE2235-II Instrumentation and Signals
AE4301 Automatic Flight Control Systems Design
See Detailed Description of Course
1. Introduction
2. Chapter 2 of the lecture notes.
3. Chapter 3.
4. Chapter 3.
5. Chapter 4.
6. Chapter 4.
7. Chapter 5.
Course Contents The contents of the course follows from eight chapters of the lecture notes as below. Chapter 9 (Etkin's 4 point model) serves as
background reading.
1. Introduction (aircraft do respond to atmospheric turbulence, effects on flight path, attitude, passenger comfort, safety, fatigue).
2. Scalar stochastic processes (probability theory, joint probability density functions, covariance and correlation functions,
stochastic processes, ergodic processes).
3. Spectral analysis of stochastic processes in continuous time (Fourier analysis, power spectral densities, analysis of dynamic
linear system responses in frequency domain).
4. Spectral analysis of stochastic processes in discrete time (discrete time Fourier transform, Fast Fourier Transform, spectral
estimates-smoothing).
5. Multivariable stochastic processes (covariance function matrix and spectral density matrix, multi-variable system responses in
the frequency and in the time domain).
6. Description of atmospheric turbulence (physical mechanisms, stochastic models of atmospheric turbulence, the two
fundamental correlation functions, von Karman en Dryden spectra, models in the time domain).
7. Symmetric aircraft response to atmospheric turbulence (symmetrical aerodynamic forces and moments due to turbulence, gust
derivatives, equations of motion of aircraft
flying in symmetrical atmospheric turbulence).
8. Asymmetric aircraft response to atmospheric turbulence (elementary two-dimensional fields of turbulence, asymmetrical
aerodynamic forces and moments, asymmetrical gust derivatives, equations of motion).
Study Goals Introduction to stochastic processes, spectral analysis, understanding the physics of aircraft responses to atmospheric turbulence,
derivation of equations of motion of symmetrical and asymmetrical responses to atmospheric turbulence.
Literature and Study J.A. Mulder, J.C. van der Vaart, W.H.J.J. van Staveren, M. Mulder: Aircraft responses to atmospheric turbulence, Lecture notes
Materials AE4304 , November 2016.
All lecture slides will be made available electronically via the Blackboard.
Assessment Written (with formula page)
Remarks The written examination (on probability and stochastic processes, chapters 1-5 of the lecture notes) is followed by the
assignment ae4304P (related to the theories of chapters 6-8 of the lecture notes).
Set-up Lectures, MATLAB/PYTHON demonstrations.
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AE4304P Stochastic Aerospace Systems Practical 1
Contact Hours / Week 0/0/x/0
x/x/x/x
Education Period 3
Start Education 3
Exam Period none
Required for AE4-360
AE4-361
Expected prior knowledge AE3212-I Flight Dynamics
AE2253-I Systems and Control Theory
AE2253-II Instruments and Signals
AE4301
Course Contents Application of MATLAB software to aircraft specific turbulence responses:
1. Calculation of aircraft time-histories due to both symmetrical and asymmetrical, longitudinal, lateral and vertical turbulence
components.
2. Calculation of analytical transfer functions, frequency response functions, and auto- and cross Power Spectral Density (PSD)
functions of state- and output variables (e.g.
acceleration levels).
3. Numerical calculation of frequency response functions, and auto- and cross Power Spectral Density (PSD) functions of state-
and output-variables.
4. Calculation of (co)variance- and correlation-functions of aircraft state-and output-variables.
5. The effects of Automatic Flight Control Systems on the aircrafts responses on atmospheric turbulence.
Study Goals Introduction to both time- and frequency-domain identification and simulation techniques using MATLAB. The techniques are
applied to example aircraft (amongst others Cessna Citation 500).
Literature and Study Lecture Notes ae4304, by J.A. Mulder, J.C. van der Vaart, M. Mulder: Aircraft Responses to Atmospheric Turbulence,
Materials November 2016.
D.E Newland, Random Vibrations and Spectral Analysis, Longman, New York, 1984 3rd. ed ISBN 0582215846.
Assessment Take-home assignment.
Set-up Take-home assignment. Deadline April 1.
At the end of the lecture period, the assignment will be available
Page 11 of 51
AE4316 Aerospace Human-Machine Systems 4
Responsible Instructor Dr.ir. M.M. van Paassen
Instructor Dr.ir. C. Borst
Instructor Prof.dr.ir. M. Mulder
x/x/x/x
Education Period 2
Start Education 2
Exam Period 2
3
Required for There are two follow-up courses for this course:
* AE4318 Supervisory Control. This course focuses on the cognitive aspects of human-machine interaction, using Ecological
Interface Design.
* AE4319 Manual Control. This course focuses on the skill aspects of human-machine interaction, with a more in-depth study of
McRuer's crossover model, and measurement of human control behaviour.
Expected prior knowledge Control theory (stability and Bode plots); signals AE2235 Aerospace Signals,
Systems & Control, AE4301 Automatic Flight Control System Design
Stochastic signals; AE4304 Stochastic Aerospace Systems
Flight instruments and procedures; AE4302 Avionics and Operations

Course Contents This course focuses on the various aspects of actual and future aircraft cockpit human-machine interfaces. It provides an
extensive theoretical as well as practical knowledge on the specific characteristics of human behavior such as human perception,
human mental processing, cognitive factors, and the role of the human pilot in manual and supervisory control tasks. The design
and set-up of experiments is also discussed.
Study Goals Overall, the student will have a working knowledge of human operator (pilot) characteristics that are relevant for the design and
evaluation of human-machine systems. Specific study goals:
The student:
* Is able to classify different types of human behaviour according to Rasmussen's rule-skill and knowledge taxonomy
* Is able to predict performance and human behaviour in manual control tasks
* Knows the physiology and characteristics of human sensory systems and actuation processes (visual, vestibular, propioceptive
senses and neuromuscular system), and is able to predict the implications of these properties for human perception and behaviour
* can characterize and compare 2D and 3D interfaces
* can analyze accident and incident reports, find latent and active errors and classify these with Rasmussen's SRK taxonomy and
identify Reason's error shaping factor. The student understands the wider context of human error (Dekker's "new view").
* is familiar with workload and situation awareness, and knows which methods are used to measure these properties
* understands the nature of human cognition, can distinguish between different views and models of cognition and knows when
these are applicable
* is knowledgeable about experimental design, can make and provide arguments for choices in experimental set-up, can choose
apply common statistical methods for evaluating experimental results
Education Method Lectures with activating elements. Week arrangement:
1. Introduction + SRK
2. Crossover model I
3. Crossover model II
4. Visual systems I (the eye and motion perception)
5. Visual systems II (display design principles)
6. Vestibular system
7. Neuromuscular system
8. Automation
9. Human Error
10. Cognition
11. Workload
12. Experimental Design I
13. Experimental Design II
14. Guest lecture (45 min) + example exam questions (45 min)
The course also includes a demonstration session in the human machine laboratory.
Assessment Written exam. The exam typically consists of 6 questions, covering a selection of the course's topics.
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AE4322 Piloted Flight Simulation 4
Responsible Instructor Ir. O. Stroosma
Gast Instructor Dr.ir. M.M. van Paassen
x/x/x/x
Education Period 3
Start Education 3
Exam Period 3
4
Required for AE4323 (Real-time Distributed Flight and Space Simulation)
Expected prior knowledge AE2235 (Aerospace Signals, Systems & Control, or equivalent)
AE3212 (Aerospace Flight Dynamics, or equivalent)
AE4302 (Avionics and Operations, or equivalent)
AE4316 (Aerospace Human-Machine Systems, or equivalent)
Course Contents Lecture topics, not necessarily in chronological order
1)Introduction to piloted flight simulation, including fidelity considerations
2)Use of piloted flight simulation, including training and qualification
3)Simulator sub-systems
4)Modelling of vehicle dynamics
5)Real-time software engineering
6)Distributed simulation
7)Motion bases, including cueing
8)Visual systems, including image generation
Study Goals 1)The student has a good understanding of the use cases of piloted flight simulators and the resulting (sub-)system requirements.
2)The student can describe in detail the working principles of piloted flight simulator subsystems.
3)The student can identify the design choices for a flight simulators functionalities, distinguish strong and weak points, as well
as relate these to the simulators intended use.
4)The student can apply this knowledge in an operational context, e.g. in a flight training centre or a simulator manufacturing
plant.
Education Method Lectures, simulator demonstrations, and excursions to industry.
Literature and Study Lecture slides and other materials are put on Blackboard.
Materials
Recommended but not required literature:
D. Allerton, Principles of Flight Simulation, Wiley, 2009, ISBN 978-0-470-75436-8
Assessment Written examination and excursion report.
Page 13 of 51
Responsible Instructor Prof.dr. D.G. Simons
Course Coordinator Prof.dr. D.G. Simons
x/x/x/x
Education Period 2
Start Education 2
Exam Period 2
3
Expected prior knowledge Basic knowledge on calculus and first year physics.
Course Contents Aircraft noise
Basic facts:
Physics of sound waves. Harmonic waves, sound speed, wave front and rays. Diffraction and refraction of sound waves. The dB
scale for acoustic power, sound intensity and sound pressure (sound pressure level). Adding sound pressure levels and the
standing wave. Directionality of sound sources. Periodic and broadband noise. Limits of audibility. Doppler effect and shock
waves.
Dynamics of sound:
Derivation of the wave equation from conservation of mass, momentum and energy. Plane waves. Harmonic solution to wave
equation. Particle velocity and characteristic acoustic impedance. Sound speed and mean molecular velocity in air. Spherical
waves. Helmholtz equation.
Elementary sound sources and acoustic imaging:

Derivation of directional properties of the monopole, dipole and quadrupole sound source and their relation to piston engine
exhaust, propeller and jet noise, respectively. Line array of monopoles. Continuous line array and circular piston membrane.
Principle of acoustic imaging and the acoustic camera. Diffraction.
Atmospheric propagation:
Geometrical spreading and sound attenuation due to friction. Sound pressure level calculations as a function of distance from the
source. Derivation of reflection and transmission coefficient of sound when going from one medium to another medium. Critical
angle. Effect of temperature gradient on sound propagation. Calculation of shadow zone distance. Ray tracing. Derivation of the
sound transmission coefficient through a layer, e.g. a wall. Mass law.
Acoustic filters:
Attenuation of sound in ducts, e.g. exhaust systems. Derivation of sound attenuation for a single change in cross-sectional area.
Sound transmission loss in a duct with a double change in cross-sectional area (muffler). Other acoustic filters, e.g. Helmholtz
resonator. Acoustic lining and its application in turbofan engines.
Frequency analysis:
Fourier transform, power spectral density (spectrum) and spectrogram. Octave band and terts band analysis, pressure band level.
Effect on bandwidth on measured aircraft spectra. Overall sound pressure level. Spectra of aircraft flyovers. Tonal components
in aircraft spectra (e.g. propeller blade passage frequency, exhaust firing frequency).
Noise measures:
Human perception of sound, loudness and the phone and sone scale. Equal loudness level contours. Overall loudness level for
broadband noise. Equal noisiness curves, overall noy value and perceived noise level. A-weighting and overall A-weighted
sound pressure level. Effect of the duration of sound on human perception, equivalent A-weighted sound pressure level and
sound exposure level (SEL). Single flyover noise contours. Noise indices for total noise exposure. Day-night average level
(LDN).
Airplane noise sources:

Piston engine noise and exhaust firing frequency. Propeller noise (spectrum and directional properties) and blade passage
frequency. Turbo engine noise and directionality of the fan and exhaust jet noise source. Effect of bypassing on exhaust jet noise
and effect of acoustic lining on fan noise. Properties of airframe (aerodynamic) noise.
Aircraft emissions and climate effects
Aircraft emissions:
Gas emissions from aircraft engines. Combustion and combustion products from burning kerosene. Emission Index.
Atmospheric radiation physics:

The concept of radiation flux. Radiative properties of natural surfaces. Thermal emission. Black body radiation and the laws of
Planck, Wien, Stefan-Boltzmann and Kirchoff. Atmospheric transmission and emission.
Climate effects:
A simple climate model for the Earth. Radiative forcing. Example calculations of global warming due to various carbon emission
scenarios. Contribution of aviation to global warming.
Study Goals Understand the relationship between aviation and the environment.
Education Method Lectures and exercises.
Literature and Study Lecture slides
Materials
G.J.J. Ruijgrok, Elements of aviation acoustics, Delft
University Press, Delft, 2004, ISBN 90-407-2560-8.
Assessment Written exam (open book where the lecture slides may be consulted)
Set-up Lectures and exercises
Page 14 of 51
Responsible Instructor Ir. P.C. Roling
x/x/x/x
Education Period 1
Start Education 1
Exam Period 1
2
Course Contents The course aims at providing the students with knowledge and experience to set-up and analyze linear optimization problems.
The course runs over the first period.
Use is made of the book of Hillier, a system supplied by the publisher and lecture slides. The course consists of studio classroom
sessions, where the theory is practiced. Students need to read up on the subject before the studio classroom sessions.
After the lecture period a practical assignment must be made where the theory is applied in small groups (2-3 students) and use is
made of optimization specific tools. The result counts as 50% of the grade.
A digital exam, accounting for 50% of the grade, will take place in week 8.
Study Goals The aim of the course is to provide the students with knowledge that, after following the course, allows them to
1. Define from a general description an optimization problem, i.e., to define the decision variables, the constraints and the
objective function;
2. Select and apply a suitable optimization method;
3. Analyze the results obtained from the optimization (sensitivity analysis);
4. Create a linear program file which can then be used in a solver.
5. Utilize correct notation methods.
Education Method The course uses and inverted classroom method. Students have to read up before the studio classroom session and practice
during the sessions. The last two to three weeks comprise creating and running an LP problem.
Books The following book is needed for following the course and studying the exam:
Introduction to Operations Research

Frederick S. Hillier and Gerald L. Lieberman, Tenth Edition
Mc Graw-Hill International Edition
Assessment The final grade consists of two parts:
50% computer test
50% a report on reproducing an LP or similar problem from literature and using an off the shelf solver
Both partial grades must be 6.0 or higher.
Responsible Instructor M.E. van Beijeren
Responsible Instructor M. van Haagen
Contact Hours / Week N.A.
x/x/x/x
Exam Period none
Expected prior knowledge Officially registered as Master student Aerospace Engineering
Course Contents The aim of the internship is to expose students to a real professional work environment outside the TU Delft for a period of at
least 12 consecutive weeks on a full-time basis at a company/research institute or at another university. The internship provides
the opportunity to get a glance of the technical, social, economic and organizational aspects of Aerospace Engineering and/or
related fields as a profession. It enables students to acquire professional skills different from those taught in the MSc programme.
During the internship the student is able to apply the academic skills and knowledge acquired during their BSc and the MSc
courses they have already followed. The student should aim for a project or tasks with clear deliverables of a sufficient academic
master level.
Please refer to Brightspace AE5050.
Study Goals Learning objectives are:
1. Demonstrate engineering skills: technical skills, interpreting results, creativity, usability for company/institute;
2. Familiarise with academic approach: experimental work/computer skills/design skills, extending knowledge/methods,
argumentation, ambition;
3. Show ability to write a technical report: which is structured/consistent, language proficient, with correct use of
literature/references, use of figures/tables/equations, and has a concise format (30 pages);
4. Demonstrate behavioural competences and skills: taking initiative, responsibility, showing communication skills,
independency, collaboration and the ability to adapt to different cultures, a thorough self-reflection is given in the reflection
chapter of the report;
5. Being able to reflect on personal functioning in an evaluation report: reflect on personal objectives, indicate personal
strengths/weaknesses. Indicate future personal improvement, drawing conclusions for future career.
Education Method Please refer to Brightspace AE5050.
Assessment Please refer to Brightspace AE5050.
Remarks An internship can be performed any time during the academic year. Finding a suitable internship is an important part of the
course. Students should make sure to start organising their internship well in time, preferably around 9 months before the
planned date of departure. Please refer to Brightspace AE5050.
Set-up Please refer to Brightspace AE5050.
Page 15 of 51
Course Coordinator Dr.ir. C. Borst
x/x/x/x
Education Period 1
2
3
4
Start Education 1
2
3
4
Exam Period none
Course Contents The final graduation project.
Study Goals Learning objectives MSc Thesis
During the MSc thesis the student will show their knowledge, understanding and skills at an academic Masters level with respect
to independently planning and executing a research or design project.
On completing the Graduation Project, the student should be able to:
Demonstrate that they are capable to independently apply relevant theory and/or knowledge to research and/or design;
Formulate a theoretical and/or experimental framework and delineate a research and/or design problem such that it can be
solved;
Interpret obtained results in a critical manner;
To produce results with scientific/technological relevance that can be published in scientific literature;
Critically reflect on the work performed at the level of their peers in their particular field;
Present the work performed in a well-structured report or a draft scientific paper that incorporates verification of methods and
tools and is written in correct English;
Present work performed in a structured way through an oral presentation to their peers and wider audience;
Defend their work in presence of their peers where the work is placed into scientific context and explain the contribution to the
field;
Plan the project efficiently considering resources and methodology;
Execute the project controlling the process, effectively using the plan.
Education Method Self-study. Frequent meetings with the graduation supervisors, where feedback is given on the students progress and
performance, and also suggestions for improvement.
Assessment At the end of the graduation project, students are required to deliver two things. First of all, they hand in a report that
summarizes the work being done in the project. Second, the graduate presents the results of her/his project for an academic
audience. Then, the student will be invited to be part of the one-hour 'ir-examen', where she or he is questioned by her/his
supervisors and most of the times also external experts on the project as a whole.
The assessment of the Master thesis will be done on the basis of the final objectives of the MSc curriculum. The faculty has
introduced a new schematic using a rubrics for this.
http://studenten.tudelft.nl/fileadmin/Files/studentenportal/os/LRspecifiek/docs/Rubrics_MSc-LR_version_14-Oct-
13_met_naam_en_studienummer.pdf.
Page 16 of 51
WI2056LR Systems Theory 4
Responsible Instructor Dr.ir. J.G. Maks
x/x/x/x
Education Period 1
Start Education 1
Exam Period 1
2
Expected prior knowledge You are required to be familiar with the following concepts of linear algebra: elementary row operations, vector and matrix
algebra, subspace, rank, characteristic polynomial, eigenvalue, algebraic and geometric multiplicity of eigenvalue, eigenvector,
basis transformation, matrix exponential. You are also required to be familiar with the theory of systems of linear first order
differential equations and with the theory of the Laplace transform.
Course Contents During this course the following topics will be covered:
State-space representation of input-output system.

Linearization of a system.
Solution of a linear system.
Impulse response and step response of a linear system.
Asymptotic stability, BIBO stability.
Controllability and observability.
Kalman decomposition.
State feedback.
State reconstruction by observer.
System description in frequency domain (Laplace domain).
Composition of systems in frequency domain.
Realization of transfer function.
Study Goals After a successful completion of the course you will be able to
model an input-output system by a state space model.

linearize a system around a given solution.
determine whether an equilibrium point of a linear system is asymptotically stable, weakly stable or unstable.
compute the solution of a linear time-invariant system.
compute the impulse response and the step response of a linear time-invariant system.
determine whether or not a linear system is controllable.
determine whether or not a linear system is observable.
construct a Kalman decomposition of a linear system.
design a feedback control (if it exists) which makes an unstable system stable or one which reduces the effect of disturbing
signals.
design an observer (if it exists) which produces an approximation of the state of the system such that the error converges to zero.
represent a linear system in the frequency domain.
construct various realizations of a given transfer function.
Education Method Lectures
Literature and Study Mathematical Systems Theory, 4th edition, VSSD, Delft, 2011, by G.J. Olsder, J.W. van der Woude, J.G. Maks and D. Jeltsema.
Materials
Assessment Written exam of 3 hours.
Page 17 of 51
Module Manager Dr.ir. U. Pesch
Instructor Dr.ir. U. Pesch
Responsible for assignments Dr.ir. U. Pesch
Co-responsible for Dr. P.E. Vermaas
assignments
x/x/x/x
Education Period 2
3
Start Education 2
3
Exam Period 2
3
Expected prior knowledge Students should have completed a considerable part of the curriculum in Aerospace Engineering
1. Introduction
2. Code of ethics
3. Argumentation and reasoning
4. Ethics.
5. Risks and hazards of technology
6. Responsibility in and of organizations
Course Contents This course describes and analyses the responsibility of engineers in the light of philosophical, historical and juridical
backgrounds. Topics covered include:
Description and analysis of the problems encountered by engineers who want to act responsible.
Codes of ethics for engineers.
Argumentation and reasoning.
Uncertainty, ignorance, risks, and their implications for responsible behavior.
(Philosophical) ethics, the foundation of (criteria) for good and bad, right and wrong, responsible and irresponsible behavior.
Responsibility within and of organizations; the role of law.
Study Goals The course has two major study goals:

1) To get acquainted with the theoretical insights and relevant concepts in ethics of technology
2) To experience how this theoretical knowledge could be applied to an engineering case
The first will be assessed via a (multiple choice) written test. The second will be assessed with an essay that students write in
pairs.
After the course students should:

- be able to recognize and analyze the ethical aspects and problems of their future professional practice and to conduct a solution-
oriented debate about such problems;
- have knowledge of relevant backgrounds (ethics, law, responsibility in and of organizations, historical developments).
Education Method Lectures and tutorials
There are three plenary lectures, that are given in week 1-3. From week 2-6, there are small-group tutorials (compulsory
attendance). During the lecturing period, students will also write essays.
Literature and Study 1) Book: Ethics, Technology, and Engineering: An Introduction, by Ibo van de Poel & Lambèr Royakkers - ISBN: 978-1-4443-
Materials 3095-3 (approximately 30 euro)
Available at Waltman book shop at the entrance of Industrial Design building
2) Working book for tutorial sessions: 'Ethics and Technology for Aerospace Engineering',available on blackboard.
Assessment Multiple choice test (30%) + essay (70%)
For both component you must at least have a 5,0. The average of both components must at least be 6,0 for you to pass the course.
Enrolment / Application Timely enrollment on BlackBoard is compulsory; deadline is two weeks prior to the start date of the course. In addition to a
general enrollment in BlackBoard you should also enroll in a specific tutorial group. We cannot guarantee placement if you don't
enroll for tutorials in time. See BlackBoard for further instruction.
Remarks Q3: priority for EWEM students
Category MSc level
Page 18 of 51
Year 2017/2018
Profile II: Aircraft Noise and Climate Effects

MSc Coordinator Dr.ir. M. Snellen
MSc Coordinator Prof.dr. D.G. Simons
Introduction 1 Aircraft noise continues to be a very serious source of disturbance to the public. Also, the current contribution of aircraft
emissions to global warming is estimated to lie in between 1.5 and 5.5%, but is predicted to increase significantly. In addition,
the level of scientific understanding of the climate effects of aviation is low. For the growth of aviation (5 % per year) to be
sustainable with a decreasing impact on the environment, a better understanding and more accurate modelling of the impact due
to noise and emissions is required.
Aircraft noise:
- New Aircraft Technologies, such as open rotors (CROR), serrated and porous airfoils, ducted propellers
- Aircraft noise model development both for the engine and airframe
- Measurements with imaging acoustics (hardware development, aero-acoustics in wind tunnels, operational conditions)
- Design for minimal noise
- Noise metrics, auralization, psycho-acoustics
Effects of aircraft emissions on climate change:
- Atmospheric Physics and Chemistry (Carbon Dioxide, Contrails, Ozone)

- Climate Modelling (HPC Computing, Combination of air traffic modelling and climate modelling, Assessment of new aircraft
types (BWB, open rotor), Assessment of routing strategies (Contrail Avoidance))
- Model development (Part of Climate Modelling Community, New aircraft and routing strategies)
- Analysis of Climate Change wrt Aviation (Satellite Data & In Situ Data, Climate Model Data)
- Big Data
- Climate Metrics for Climate Policy
The aircraft noise and climate change research is carried out in close cooperation with NLR, Schiphol, DNW, DLR, Airbus etc.
Experienced staff from DLR also contribute to the profile course listed below.
Program Goals Learning objectives:

1. Understanding the relationship between aviation and noise impact
2. Understanding the basic mechanisms behind the noise produced by the aircraft engine components and the airframe
components
3. Capability to model aircraft noise using a variety of state-of-the-art methods and to design quiet aircraft
4. Capability to model atmospheric sound propagation using a variety of state-of-the-art methods
5. Understanding the state-of-the-art methods for imaging sound sources with microphone arrays
6. Capability to design microphone array systems for aircraft fly-over experiments at airports and aero-acoustic experiments in
wind tunnels
7. Understanding the relationship between aircraft emissions and our climate
8. Capability to model the climate impact of aviation using state-of-the-art methods
9. Ability to assess mitigation measures, such as climate-optimised routing, supersonic and low NOx flight
Page 19 of 51
x/x/x/x
Education Period 1
2
3
4
Start Education 1
2
3
4
Exam Period none

peer review

Materials
period.
Page 20 of 51
x/x/x/x
Education Period 1
2
3
4
Start Education 1
2
3
4
Exam Period none



driven preparation.
Page 21 of 51

Page 22 of 51
x/x/x/x
Education Period 1
Start Education 1
Exam Period 1
2
Required for AE4303
AE3302
AE2204 (until 2012/2013)
AE2235-I (from 2013/2014)
form.
3. Poles and zeros
c. LQR
a. Bode plots
criteria
a. yaw dampers
b. pitch dampers
c. phugoid dampers
d. vertical speed
d. VOR hold mode
systems.

Page 23 of 51
to FCS design.

criteria.

demonstrations
London, 1997 ISBN 0-340-63200-3.
II, , ISBN 1-8845885-18-7.

x/x/x/x
Education Period 1
Start Education 1
Exam Period none
Required for AE4303
AE2204 (until 2012/2013)
AE2235-I (from 2013/2014)
Assessment Exercise
Page 24 of 51
x/x/x/x
Education Period 1
Start Education 1
Exam Period 1
2
Required for AE4316
AE4317
AE4318
AE4319
AE4321-15
AE4322

Materials
Page 25 of 51
x/x/x/x
Education Period 2
Start Education 2
Exam Period 2
3
Basic facts:
waves.
Dynamics of sound:

Acoustic filters:
Frequency analysis:
Noise measures:
(LDN).

Aircraft emissions:

Climate effects:
Materials
Page 26 of 51
x/x/x/x
Education Period 1
Start Education 1
Exam Period 1
2
objective function;

50% computer test
Page 27 of 51
AE4462-17 Aircraft Emissions and Climate Effects 4
Course Coordinator Prof.dr. V. Grewe
Instructor Dr. F. Yin
Instructor Prof.dr. D.G. Simons
x/x/x/x
Education Period 3
Start Education 3
Exam Period 3
4
Aircraft noise and emissions (AE4431) highly recommended.
Course Contents The course introduces the students in the state-of-the-art capabilities, research issues and challenges in climate effects of
aviation. Topics include:
- Recap aircraft propulsion

- Gas emissions from aircraft engines, combustion and combustion products from burning kerosene.
- Emission certification and regulation
- Dispersion and dilution of pollutants, convection and advection of air, vertical stability of the atmosphere, conditions for
contrail formation
- Operation and design for low pollution
- General circulation of the atmosphere
- Atmospheric chemistry and contrail formation
- Climate change caused by air traffic emissions
- Modelling of climate impact from aviation
- Application and show cases for the assessment of mitigation options supporting decision making, e.g. for climate optimized
trajectories
The required background knowledge about the topic of "atmospheric radiation physics" is taught in course AE4431 (Aircraft
Noise and Emissions). This includes:
- Radiative properties of natural surfaces

- Thermal emissions (black body radiation, Planck, Wien and Stefan-Boltzmann law)
- Atmospheric transmission and emission, absorption by atmospheric gases
- Radiation balance of the Earth and radiative forcing
Study Goals The course aims at providing the students with a thorough understanding of the theory and modelling of the climate impact of air
traffic.
These elements are required, for example, for the assessment of the climate impact of aviation and mitigation measures,
including climate optimised trajectories/routing, supersonic transport and low NOx flight.
Education Method Lectures and exercises
Literature and Study Lecture slides and hand-outs
Materials
G.J.J. Ruijgrok and D.M. van Paassen, Elements of Aircraft Pollution, 2005, Delft University Press
Assessment Written exam (2 ECTS)
Assignments (2 ECTS)
Both the written exam and the assignments need to be finished with a 6.0 or higher.
Page 28 of 51
AE4463-17 Advanced Aircraft Noise Modeling and Measurement 4
Responsible Instructor Dr.ir. M. Snellen
x/x/x/x
Education Period 3
Start Education 3
Exam Period none
Expected prior knowledge Aircraft noise and emissions( AE4431) highly recommended
Course Contents The course aims at providing the students with a solid background in the modelling and measurement of aircraft noise.
A. Aircraft noise source modelling
Basic mechanisms behind the noise produced by the aircraft engines and aircraft airframe. The Stone model for jet noise, the
Heidmann model for fan noise and the Fink model for airframe noise. Applications: designing quiet aircraft and quiet flight
procedures.
B. Propagation and noise metrics
Atmospheric propagation and ground reflection:

Geometrical spreading and sound attenuation due to friction. Interference between direct and ground reflected sound path.
Ground effect predictions based on Delany and Bazley model for the plane wave reflection coefficient. Effect on spectrogram.
Sound in enclosures (e.g. for cabin noise):

The diffuse sound field. Sound absorption by the enclosures walls and the concept of open window area. Sabines law for
reverberation time. Desired reverberation times for various room types. Reverberation distance.
Sound metrics:
sound exposure level (SEL).
C. Acoustic imaging:
Discrete time signals. Discrete Fourier transform. Power spectral density. Imaging systems and the Rayleigh limit for resolution.
Principles of beamfoming with phased arrays. Grating lobes, sidelobes and beam width (resolution). 1D and 2D beamforming.
Conventional frequency domain beamforming (delay and sum). Functional beamforming. Designing an optimal array
configuration. Examples of imaged aircraft noise data and breakdown of noise sources.
Study Goals The course aims at providing the students with an understanding of the theory and modelling of the aircraft as a noise source and
the state-of-the-art techniques for measuring aircraft noise.
These elements are required, for example, for accurate noise contour calculations and low noise aircraft design.
Education Method Lectures and assignments
Literature and Study slides and handouts
Materials
Assessment 5 assignments executed in groups of 2-3 and graded individually
final grade is the average of all assignment grades
Page 29 of 51
x/x/x/x
Exam Period none
master level.
Page 30 of 51
x/x/x/x
Education Period 1
2
3
4
Start Education 1
2
3
4
Exam Period none
solved;
field;
Page 31 of 51
assignments
x/x/x/x
Education Period 2
3
Start Education 2
3
Exam Period 2
3
1. Introduction
2. Code of ethics
4. Ethics.

pairs.

Category MSc level
Page 32 of 51
Year 2017/2018
Profile III: Air Transport Operations

MSc Coordinator Prof.dr. R. Curran
Introduction 1 Profile IIIAIR TRANSPORT AND AEROSPACE OPERATIONS
This profile is concerned with the understanding and development of more effective aerospace and airline operations and support
(maintenance), as well as how the industry is structured to deliver maximum value to all stakeholders. This will include the Lean
and optimal implementation of the operational processes associated with aerospace industry, airlines and air transportation in
general. There will be a particular focus on airlines in terms of their flight, fleet, network and maintenance operations; including
business awareness and ultimate value analysis. Operational processes are researched from âvalue engineering perspectiveâ to
learn how value is optimized and therefore, maximized. Aircraft reliability and the operatorâs maintenance program will also
emphasize maintenance cost analysis, as well as the basic understanding of the associated performance and scheduling issues.
Learning objectives:
1Engineering problem solving ability in a manner that truly adds value through technological advancement, rather than just
coming up with a possible solution.
2Understanding of the key operational and structural challenges faced now and in the future for airlines and the industry.
3Knowledge of the operational value of aviation technologies in terms of 2020 Key Performance Indicators; value, cost,
capacity, efficiency, safety, and environmental impact.
4Knowledge of value engineering methodology to design for operations, to create value with aircraft operated by airlines
interacting with airports and ATM providers.
5Skills in operations research and associated methodologies such as Lean and Six Sigma theory, theory of constraints, revenue
management, and maintenance RAMS (Reliability, Affordability, Maintenability, Supportability) modelling, etc.
6Insight in related subjects and capabilities such as advanced statistical analysis, finance, aerospace law, advanced optimization,
etc
Page 33 of 51
x/x/x/x
Education Period 1
2
3
4
Start Education 1
2
3
4
Exam Period none

peer review

Materials
period.
Page 34 of 51
x/x/x/x
Education Period 1
2
3
4
Start Education 1
2
3
4
Exam Period none



driven preparation.
Page 35 of 51

Page 36 of 51
x/x/x/x
Education Period 1
Start Education 1
Exam Period 1
2
Required for AE4303
AE3302
AE2204 (until 2012/2013)
AE2235-I (from 2013/2014)
form.
3. Poles and zeros
c. LQR
a. Bode plots
criteria
a. yaw dampers
b. pitch dampers
c. phugoid dampers
d. vertical speed
d. VOR hold mode
systems.

Page 37 of 51
to FCS design.

criteria.

demonstrations
London, 1997 ISBN 0-340-63200-3.
II, , ISBN 1-8845885-18-7.

x/x/x/x
Education Period 1
Start Education 1
Exam Period none
Required for AE4303
AE2204 (until 2012/2013)
AE2235-I (from 2013/2014)
Assessment Exercise
Page 38 of 51
x/x/x/x
Education Period 1
Start Education 1
Exam Period 1
2
Required for AE4316
AE4317
AE4318
AE4319
AE4321-15
AE4322

Materials
Page 39 of 51
AE4423 Airline Planning & Optimization 4
Responsible Instructor Dr.ir. B.F. Lopes dos Santos
Instructor S. Hartjes
x/x/x/x
Education Period 2
Start Education 2
Exam Period 2
3
Expected prior knowledge It is assumed that students are familiar with modeling and optimization techniques.
It is assumed that students have experience in code development in MatLab, Python or any other programming language.
Course Contents This course provides students with knowledge and experience to analyse complex airline operations related planning problems
and to develop modeling approaches to solve these problems. The focus is on the relationship between planning models, the
airline product characteristics and their operational implications. It starts with a general overview of the airline industry context,
airline economics and business models, followed by the study of the normal planning framework which airlines operate in. This
planning framework includes strategic decisions, namely fleet planning and network development, tactical decisions, such as
scheduling, pricing and revenue management, and operational decisions, such as ground and flight operations.
Study Goals At the end of the course, the students should be able to:
- Obj1: explain the most important characteristics of the airline industry;
- Obj2: identify the main strategic and operational aspects of an airline;
- Obj3: analyze the cost and revenue structure of an airline;
- Obj4: identify different airline business models;
- Obj5: explain the general planning framework of an airline;
- Obj6: develop modeling techniques to support the decision-making process, namely for:
(a) air travel demand forecast,
(b) airline networks development,
(c) fleet planning,
(d) aircraft assignment and routing planning,
(e) revenue management.
- Obj7: identify and airline related problem, analyze and solve it;
- Obj8: explain implications of planning decisions and report it in an academic manner.
Education Method 14 sessions with 2 times 45 interaction; including guest lectures; one group assignment and a final exam
Literature and Study Main References:
Materials - Belobaba, P., Odoni, A., Barnhart, C. (2009), "The Global Airline Industry", John Wiley & Sons Ltd, West Sussex, UK.
[ISBN: 978-0-470-74077-4]
- Lectures notes and additional material posted on Blackboard during the course.
Books - Belobaba, P., Odoni, A., Barnhart, C. (2009), "The Global Airline Industry", John Wiley & Sons Ltd, West Sussex, UK.
[ISBN: 978-0-470-74077-4]
- Doganis, R. (2010), "Flying Off Course: Airline economics and Marketing", 4th Edition, Routhledge: London, UK. [ISBN: 0-
415-44737-2]
- Bazargan, M. (2010), "Airline Operations and Scheduling", 2nd Edition, Ashgate Publishing Company, Surrey, UK. [ISBN:
978-0-7546-7900-4]
- Clark, P. (2007), "Buying the Big Jets: Fleet Planning for Airlines", Ashgate Publishing Company, Hampshire, UK. [ISBN:
978-0-7546-7090-2]
Assessment 1 group assignment (50%)
1 final exam (50%)
The students need to have a grade equal or higher than 6.0 in each of the two examination elements. The group assignment is
done by groups of (maximum) 3 students.
Tags Matlab
Modelling
Optimalisation
Programming
Transport & Logistics
Page 40 of 51
x/x/x/x
Education Period 2
Start Education 2
Exam Period 2
3
Basic facts:
waves.
Dynamics of sound:

Acoustic filters:
Frequency analysis:
Noise measures:
(LDN).

Aircraft emissions:

Climate effects:
Materials
Page 41 of 51
x/x/x/x
Education Period 1
Start Education 1
Exam Period 1
2
objective function;

50% computer test
Page 42 of 51
AE4447 Aircraft Performance Optimization 3
Responsible Instructor Dr.ir. H.G. Visser
x/x/x/x
Education Period 2
Start Education 2
Exam Period 2
3
Course Contents 1. Background and outline of course; relation with basic
courses in flight mechanics.
2. Mathematical notation and review of some basic
mathematical facts; foundations of unconstrained parameter
optimization.
3. Foundations of constrained parameter optimization;
applications in flight mechanics.
4. Introduction to optimal control theory; problem formulation;
open-loop and closed-loop control; system classification;
some intrinsic system properties.
5. Variational approach to dynamic optimization; transversality
conditions; first integral; elementary examples.
6. Minimum Principe van Pontryagin; Hamiltons Principe in
mechanics; numerical solution techniques.
7. Synthesis of optimal closed-loop control; the Optimality
Principle of Bellman; dynamic programming; the Hamilton-
Jacobi-Bellman equation.
8. Graphical interpretation of the Minimum Principle; Jacobi
condition; linear-quadratic (LQ) problems; the matrix-Riccati
equation; autopilot design via LQ-synthesis.
9. Bang-bang and singular optimal control problems.
10. Application of optimal control theory to trajectory
optimization problems in atmospheric flight mechanics;
equations of motion; reduced-order modeling;
transformation of variables.
11. Reduced-order models for solving the Minimum Time-to-
Climb problem; introduction to the energy-state concept.
12. (Approximate) solutions to the Minimum Time-to-Climb
problem; solution accuracy assessment.
13. Optimal flight profiles for commercial airline operations.
14. Examples of flight optimization results established in the
ongoing research program.
Study Goals Explain and apply the foundations of constrained and unconstrained parameter optimization.
Formulate and solve Two-Point-Boundary-Value-Problems associated to optimal control problems with or without control
constraints.
Establish the optimal control for linear time invariant systems by solving the corresponding Riccati equations
Describe how the dynamic programming principle works and apply it to discrete optimal control problems over finite and
infinite time horizons.
Formulate and solve bang-bang and singular optimal control problems.
Formulate and apply reduced-order modeling concepts in flight mechanics.
Literature and Study Course notes ae4447, January 2014
Materials
G.J.J. Ruijgrok, Elements of airplane performance, Delft
University Press, Delft, 1996 .
Assessment Written open-book exam
Permitted Materials during The use of electronic devices, including calculators, is not allowed during an exam.
Tests You are allowed to make use of any arbitrary set of notes or textbooks during an exam.
Page 43 of 51
AE4448 Agent-based Safety Risk Analysis 4
Responsible Instructor Prof.dr.ir. H.A.P. Blom
x/x/x/x
Education Period 2
3
Start Education 2
Exam Period none
Expected prior knowledge It is recommended to have knowledge of (or to follow at the same time) the courses:
- Air Traffic Management (AE4444), and
- Avionics & Operations (AE 4302), and
- Monte Carlo simulation of stochastic processes (AE 4466)
Course Contents 1.Background and outline of course; Future air traffic management design examples.
2.Aviation safety statistics; Safety management; Safety Regulation; Safety Case; Safety risk assessment and analysis.
3.Safety Risk Assessment Steps; Role of operational knowledge/experts.
4.Hazard definitions; Hazard identification; Pushing the boundary between imaginable and unimaginable hazards; Scenario
development.
5.Socio-technical air transportation system; multi agent perspective.
6.Modelling of technical agents; Aircraft, Aircraft Systems, ATC systems.
7.Modelling of human agents; Goal directed task analysis; Human Information Processing; Cognitive Control Modes; Human
Error and Recovery.
8.Situation Awareness; Multi Agent Situation Awareness; Multi Agent Situation Awareness Propagation.
9.Petri Nets; Stochastic Petri nets; Coloured Petri Nets; Dynamically Coloured Petri Nets; Stochastically and Dynamically
Coloured Petri Nets.
10.How to develop a Petri net model of a given operation; Compositional Modelling using Petri nets.
11.Stochastic Hybrid Systems; Reachability; Bisimilarity with Petri Nets.
12.Monte Carlo simulation of Petri nets/stochastic hybrid systems; Acceleration of Monte Carlo simulations.
13.Sensitivity Analysis; Bias and Uncertainty analysis; Feedback to design.
14.Case study wrap up of all lectures.
Study Goals The course aims at providing an introduction to an agent based approach in safety risk analysis of novel operations in air traffic.
Typically, the need for capacity increase is the driving force behind the novel operations development. The novelty of the
operation may be due to a local change in a conventional operation as well as a completely new operation such as advanced
airborne self separation.
The motivation for taking an agent-based approach to safety risk analysis of such novel operation is twofold:
1.The socio-technical system nature of the air traffic system; by its very nature air traffic involves interaction between multiple
pilots, controllers, procedures and technical systems which are highly distributed.
2.Multiple time scale nature of air traffic safety: Although safety can be defined in terms of very rare events (i.e. flight
accidents), its realization depends of activities happening at multiple other time scales.
Computer Use During the lecture students are expected to have a laptop.
Course Relations Air Traffic Management (AE-4444) provides detailed background knowledge regarding organization of current ATM.
Avionics & Operations (AE4302) provides detailed background knowledge regarding airborne technical systems.
Human Machine (AE4306) provides background on task analysis, ecological interface and human error.
Literature and Study AE4448 Course notes for each lecture.
Materials The contents of a lecture typically will be supported by a scientific paper.
Assessment Assignments that have to be completed on an individual basis
Permitted Materials during No restrictions
Tests
Special Information Prof. Dr. Ir. H.A.P. Blom, AE building, room 4.13, e-mail: h.a.p.blom@tudelft.nl
Page 44 of 51
AE4465 Maintenance Modeling & Analysis 4
Responsible Instructor Dr.ir. W.J.C. Verhagen
x/x/x/x
Education Period 1
Start Education 1
Exam Period 1
2
Course Contents This course focuses on the modelling and analysis of maintenance related to aerospace systems, subsystems, components and
processes. Students are expected to acquire the ability to model and analyse
maintenance systems and components, through explanation of the basic concepts, recognition of essential assumptions, and
application of suitable techniques. The course provides an overview of state of the art and challenges in the related (sub)fields.
The following content will be covered during the lectures:
1) Maintenance in the aerospace context

2) RAMS: major concepts, measures and interrelationships
3) Probability and Statistics recap
4) Reliability engineering (I-IV):
- Basic concepts
- Main assumptions
- Lifetime distribution models
- Stochastic point processes
5) Supportability engineering (I-IV):
- Basic concepts
- Main assumptions
- Forecasting spare part demand using time series techniques and stochastic techniques
- Evaluating forecasting accuracy using point estimates
- Basic inventory optimization techniques
Study Goals On successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
List and define basic reliability, availability, maintainability and supportability (RAMS) concepts and measures.
Describe the main elements necessary to perform maintenance modelling and analysis for aerospace applications.
Identify, explain and structure common assumptions in maintenance modelling and analysis.
Select, apply and justify the appropriate modelling and/or analysis technique for a given problem in the aerospace maintenance
domain:
oFormulate, solve and evaluate stochastic time-to-failure models to determine aircraft system and component reliability
characteristics.
oDescribe, apply and compare time series techniques and stochastic demand arrival models to determine and predict aircraft
system and component supportability characteristics.
Evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of available options for modelling and analysis of a given problem in the aerospace
maintenance domain.
Education Method The course consists of lectures including in-class exercises.
Literature and Study The presentation slides of all lectures will be made available through Blackboard
Materials Landmark papers on maintenance models: links on Blackboard
Further recommended (non-mandatory) reading for this course:

Rigdon, S. E., & Basu, A. P. (2000). Statistical methods for the reliability of repairable systems. New York: Wiley.
Kumar, U. D., Crocker, J., Knezevic, J., & El-Haram, M. (2000). Reliability, Maintainability and Logistic Support - A Lifecycle
Approach. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Field, Andy. Discovering statistics using SPSS. Sage publications, 2009.
Assessment Written exam.
Page 45 of 51
x/x/x/x
Exam Period none
master level.
Page 46 of 51
x/x/x/x
Education Period 1
2
3
4
Start Education 1
2
3
4
Exam Period none
solved;
field;
Page 47 of 51
assignments
x/x/x/x
Education Period 2
3
Start Education 2
3
Exam Period 2
3
1. Introduction
2. Code of ethics
4. Ethics.

pairs.

Category MSc level
Page 48 of 51
M.E. van Beijeren
Unit Luchtvaart- & Ruimtevaarttechn
Department Education AE
Telephone +31 15 27 88374
Room 62.2.10
Prof.dr.ir. H.A.P. Blom

Department Aerospace Transport & Operations
Telephone +31 15 27 81185
Room 62.4.13
Dr.ir. C. Borst
Department Control & Simulation
Telephone +31 15 27 89099
Room 62.LB 0.26
Prof.dr. R. Curran
Telephone +31 15 27 81513
Room 62.4.06
Prof.dr. V. Grewe
Department Aircraft Noise and Climate Effects
M. van Haagen
Department Education AE
Telephone +31 15 27 84793
Room 62.2.10
S. Hartjes
Telephone +31 15 27 88925
Room 62.4.12
Dr.ir. E. van Kampen

Telephone +31 15 27 87147
Room 62.LB 0.22
Dr.ir. B.F. Lopes dos Santos

Telephone +31 15 27 82713
Room 62.4.11
Dr.ir. J.G. Maks

Unit Elektrotechn., Wisk. & Inform.
Department Optimization
Telephone +31 15 27 85764
Room 28.2.W680
Prof.dr.ir. M. Mulder
Telephone +31 15 27 89471
Room 62.LB 0.31
Page 49 of 51
Ir. T.J. Mulder
Telephone +31 15 27 85368
Room 62.LB 0.26
Dr.ir. M.M. van Paassen

Telephone +31 15 27 85370
Room 62.LB 0.28
Dr.ir. U. Pesch
Unit Techniek, Bestuur & Management
Department Ethiek & Filosofie van de Techniek
Telephone +31 15 27 88484
Room 31.b4.200
Dr.ir. D.M. Pool

Telephone +31 15 27 89611
Ir. P.C. Roling

Telephone +31 15 27 85132
Room 62.4.21
Dr.ir. G.N. Saunders

Department Aerospace Structures & Materials
Telephone +31 15 27 85369
Room 62.NB 0.30
Prof.dr. D.G. Simons

Telephone +31 15 27 88145
Room 62.3.06
Dr.ir. M. Snellen
Telephone +31 15 27 88144
Room 62.3.08
Ir. O. Stroosma
Telephone +31 15 27 85344
Room 63.SIM 0.03
Prof.dr.ir. L.L.M. Veldhuis

Department Flight Performance and Propulsion
Telephone +31 15 27 82009
Room 62.7.02
Dr.ir. W.J.C. Verhagen

Telephone +31 15 27 88190
Room 62.4.10
Page 50 of 51
Dr. P.E. Vermaas
Unit Techniek, Bestuur & Management
Department Ethiek & Filosofie van de Techniek
Telephone +31 15 27 83323
Room 31.b4.030
Dr.ir. H.G. Visser

Telephone +31 15 27 82095
Room 62.4.08
Dr. F. Yin
Room 62.7.11

Room 62.7.11
Page 51 of 51

MSC Aerospace Delft Track Control and Systems

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MSC Aerospace Delft Track Control and Systems

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Program overview

Code Omschrijving ECTS p1 p2 p3 p4 p5

Track 2: Control and Operations

Track 2: Control and Operations

The Track offers three Profiles:

Program Goals Learning objectives

Profile I: Control and Simulation

It is of little value to take this course early, so please plan accordingly!

The course has been designed to be suitable for distant learning

You practice the concept of:

The literature report is a dedicated 50-page (max) document.

The Literature Study is typically divided in three phases.

Here are some tips on how to find all interesting literature:

For the assessment of the literature study, rubrics will be used.

- substantiate the function of a Flight Control

- verify if a given FCS satisfies the handling qualities

- design static and dynamic stability augmentation systems.

- design all longitudinal and lateral autopilot modes.

AE4301P Exercise Automatic Flight Control System Design 1

Lecture and study material

1. Introduction to avionics systems.

2. Air Data systems.

3. Gyroscopes, attitude reference systems.

4. Compasses, heading reference systems.

6. Inertial Navigation Systems.

7. Radio navigation systems (ADF, VOR, DME).

8. Landing guidance systems (ILS, MLS, GPS).

9. Communication, Navigation, Surveillance (CNS).

10. Satellite navigation systems (GPS).

11. Flight deck instruments and integrated systems.

12. The Flight Management System (FMS).

13. Air Traffic Management (ATM).

14. The Future Air Navigation System (FANS).

Assessment Written exam (closed-book)

4. Calculation of (co)variance- and correlation-functions of aircraft state-and output-variables.

Stochastic signals; AE4304 Stochastic Aerospace Systems

Flight instruments and procedures; AE4302 Avionics and Operations

Elementary sound sources and acoustic imaging:

Airplane noise sources:

Aircraft emissions and climate effects

Atmospheric radiation physics:

Introduction to Operations Research

Set-up Please refer to Brightspace AE5050.

State-space representation of input-output system.

model an input-output system by a state space model.

Study Goals The course has two major study goals:

After the course students should:

Profile II: Aircraft Noise and Climate Effects

Effects of aircraft emissions on climate change:

- Atmospheric Physics and Chemistry (Carbon Dioxide, Contrails, Ozone)

Program Goals Learning objectives:

It is of little value to take this course early, so please plan accordingly!

The course has been designed to be suitable for distant learning

You practice the concept of:

The literature report is a dedicated 50-page (max) document.

The Literature Study is typically divided in three phases.

Here are some tips on how to find all interesting literature:

For the assessment of the literature study, rubrics will be used.

- substantiate the function of a Flight Control

- verify if a given FCS satisfies the handling qualities

- design static and dynamic stability augmentation systems.

- design all longitudinal and lateral autopilot modes.

AE4301P Exercise Automatic Flight Control System Design 1