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The Effect of the Size of


Electrode,
Background
Concentration of  The use of technology has sky rocketed since 2000
Electrolyte Solution, and  People depend on battery powered devices
Temperature on the  Bigger devices require more power

Voltage Output of a  Voltage shows how much power a battery


contains
Voltaic Cell
Arnes Besic, David Donze, & Caleb Yacks
Cousino & Mott

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Our Logo Problem Statement


 Light Bulb  To determine the effect of the size of electrode,
 Represents electricity concentration of electrolyte solution, and
 CAD is our first initials temperature on the voltage output of a voltaic
cell.

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Design of Experiment Three Factors


 Three factor DOE  Electrodes and Solutions are key parts of the
cell
Electrode Concentration of
Temperature  Temperature affects electron movement
Size Electrolyte Solution
(°C)  Previous research implemented these factors
(cm) (M)
- Standard + - Standard + - Standard +

0.9x0.9 1.1x1.1 1.3x1.3 0.08 0.10 0.12 9 22 35

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Hypothesis Materials Hot Plate Distilled Water

Tin Snips
 The voltage output will be greatest with
1.3x1.3cm copper and zinc plates (+) in 0.12 M Solutions
(+) solutions at a temperature of 35°C (+).

Thermometers

Chromatography
Paper

Syringes

7 Electrodes 8
Multimeter Alligator Clips Test Plate

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Multimeter

Procedure

Anode Cathode
KNO3

ZnSO4 CuSO4

Zn Cu
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Data Scatter Plot of Standards


Trial DOE 1 Outut (V) DOE 2 Output (V) Average (V) STANDARDS OF TRIALS
1.2
***** 1.04 1.05
0.99 1.03 1.01 0.99 0.99
1.03 1.00
(+,+,+) 1
1.05 1.01 1.03
VOLTAGE OUTPUT (V)

(+,+,-) 1.01 1.04 1.03


0.8
(+,-,+) 1.03 1.02 1.03
(+,-,-) 1.02 1.02 1.02 0.6
***** 0.99 1.05 1.02
(-,+,+) 1.02 1.03 1.03 0.4
(-,+,-) 0.98 1.02 1.00
(-,-,+) 1.03 0.95 0.99 0.2

(-,-,-) 0.98 1.01 1.00


0
***** 1.04 1.00 1.02 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
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Dot Plot of Effects Electrode Size


 All three factors were insignificant Interaction Effect of Effect of Electrode Size
Electrode Size & 1.2

 Electrode size had the greatest individual effect Concentration of 1.0025 1.0250
1
Electrolyte Solution
 Electrode size and concentration had the 1.2
1.0225 1.0275
greatest interaction effect

VOLTAGE OUTPUT (V)


0.8
1

VOLTAGE OUTPUT (V)


0.9925 1.0125
0.8 0.6

T, 0.0075 CT, 0.0075 0.6


0.4
ET, -0.0073 C, 0.0125 0.4

Fence, -0.12 EC, -0.0075 E, 0.0225 Fence, 0.12 0.2 0.2

0
-1 1
-0.2 -0.15 -0.1 -0.05 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 CONCENTRATION OF ELECTROLYTE SOLUTION -1
0
1
(M) ELECTRODE SIZE (CM)
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Conclusion Real World Applications


 Hypothesis was rejected  Apple made larger batteries to power new
 Electrode size was the most effective components
 Other factors were altered by errors  This is common in a lot of new technology

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Errors Further Research


 Solutions temperature changing  Better temperature control
 Solids in solutions  Stir solutions more often
 Cross contaminating  Increase range between High and Low values
 Electrodes touching the salt bridge  Conduct a third DOE

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Acknowledgements
 Mrs. Hilliard
 Mr. Supal
 Mrs. Dewey
Thanks for Watching!
 Mr. McMillan

Any Questions?

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