www.sakshieducation.

com

MATHEMATICS PAPER-1A

TIME: 3hrs. Max. Marks.75

Note: This question paper consists of three sections A, B and C.

m
SECTION - A

co
Very short answer type questions. 10X2 =20

n.
1. Let ABCDEF be a regular hexagon with center O. Show that

io
AB + AC + AD + AE + AF = 3AD = 6AO .

at
uc
2. In ∆ABC, if a, b, c are position vectors of the vertices A, B and C respectively, then
ed

1
prove that the position vector of the centroid G is (a + b + c) .
3
i
sh

2 2
3. For any two vectors a and b prove that (a × b) 2 + (a.b) 2 = a b
ak

3π
4. If A − B = , then show that (1 – tan A) (1 + tan B) = 2.
.s

4
w

cos11° + sin11°
If tan θ = and θ is in the third quadrant, find θ.
w

5.
cos11° − sin11°
w

6. {
Prove that sin h −1 x = log x + x 2 + 1}

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

 −1 2 
7. If A =  , then find AAT. Do A and AT commute with respect to multiplication
0 1 

of matrices?
1 ω ω2
8. If ω is a complex cube root of 1 then show that ω ω2 1 =0.
ω2 1 ω

m
x2 − x +1
9. If A = {1, 2, 3, 4} and f : A → R is a function defined by f (x) =

co
then find
x +1
the range off.

n.
io
10. If f = {(1, 2), (2, –3), (3, –1)} then find (i) 2 + f, (ii) f.
at
uc
ed

SECTION B
Short answer type questions.
i
sh

Answer any five of the following. 5 X 4 = 20

ak

AdjA
11. Theorem: If A is a non-singular matrix then A is invertible and A −1 =
.s

.
det A
w

12. In ∆ABC, if O is the circumcenter and H is the orthocenter, then show that
w

(i) OA + OB + OC = OH
w

(ii) HA + HB + HC = 2HO

13. Let a, b, c be mutually orthogonal vectors of equal magnitudes. Prove that the vector
1
a + b + c is equally inclined to each of a, b, c , the angle of inclination being cos −1 .
3

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

14. Prove that sin2α + cos2 (α + β) + 2 sin αsinβcos(α + β) is independent of α.

and x ∈ [ 0, 2π ] find the values of x .

1
15. If | tan x | = tan x +
cos x

16. If Tan−1 x + Tan−1 y + Tan−1 z = π then prove that x + y + z = xyz

m
co
A B C bc + ca + ab − s 2
17. Prove that tan + tan + tan =
2 2 2 ∆

n.
io
SECTION C
Long answer type questions
Answer any five of the following
at 5 X 7 = 35
uc
ed

18. If f : A → B , g : B → C are two one one onto functions then gof : A → C is also
one one be onto.
i
sh

n(n 2 + 6n + 11)
19. Prove that 2.3+ 3.4 + 4.5+ …. upto n terms
3
ak
.s

20. If | a | = 1,| b | = 1,| c |= 2 and a × (a × c) + b = 0 , then find the angle between a and c .
w

21. In a triangle ABC prove that

w

A B C π − A π − B  π − C 
cos + cos + cos = 4 cos  cos  cos 
w

  
2 2 2  4   4   4 

22. Let an object be placed at some height h cm and let P and Q be two points of
observation which are at a distance 10 cm apart on a line inclined at angle 15° to

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

the horizontal. If the angles of elevation of the object from P and Q are 30° and
60° respectively then find h.

b+c c+a a+b a b c

23. Show that c + a a + b b + c = 2 b c a
a +b b+c c+a c a b

m
co
24. Find the non-trivial solutions, if any, for the following equations.
2x + 5y + 6z = 0, x – 3y – 8z = 0,3x – y – 4z = 0

n.
io
at
uc
i ed
sh
ak
.s
w
w
w

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

Model Paper-2 Solution

SECTION-A
1. Let ABCDEF be a regular hexagon with center O. Show that

m
AB + AC + AD + AE + AF = 3AD = 6AO .

co
Sol.
D

n.
E C

io
O
F

A
B
at
uc
From figure,
ed

AB + AC + AD + AE + AF =
( AB + AE ) + AD + ( AC + AF )
i

= ( AE + ED ) + AD + ( AC + CD )
sh

(∵ AB = ED, AF = CD )
ak

= AD + AD + AD = 3AD
= 6AO(∵ O is the center and OD = AO)
.s

2. In ∆ABC, if a, b, c are position vectors of the vertices A, B and C respectively, then

w

1
prove that the positin vector of the centroid G is (a + b + c) .
w

3
w

Sol.
A

2
G
1
B C
D

Let G be the centroid of ∆ABC and AD be the median through the vertex A. (see figure).

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

Then AG : GD = 2 :1

1
Since the position vector of D is (b + c) by the Theorem 3.5.5, the position vector of G is
2
2(b + c)
+ 1a
2 a+b+c
= .
2 +1 3
2 2
For any two vectors a and b prove that (a × b)2 + (a.b)2 = a b

m
3.
Sol: ( a × b) 2 + (a.b) 2

co
2 2
a b sin 2 (a, b) + (a.b) 2
2 2
a b {1 − cos 2 (a, b)} + (a.b) 2

n.
2 2 2 2
a b − a b cos 2 (a, b) + (a.b)2

io
2 2
a b − (a.b)2 + (a.b) 2
2
= a b = R.H .S
2
at
uc
3π
4. If A − B = , then show that (1 – tan A) (1 + tan B) = 2.
ed

4
3π
Sol. A − B =
i

4
sh

A − B = 135°
tan(A − B) = tan135°
ak

= tan(90° + 45)° = − cot 45° = −1

tan A − tan B
∴ = −1
1 + tan A tan B
.s

tan A − tan B = −(1 + tan A tan B)

w

tan A − tan B = −1 − tan A tan B

tan A − tan B + tan A tan B = −1
w

tan B − tan A − tan A tan B = 1 ...(1)

w

L.H.S. = (1 − tan A)(1 + tan B)

= 1 + (tan B − tan A − tan A tan B)
= 1 + 1 (∵ from(1))
= 2 = R.H.S.
cos11° + sin11°
5. If tan θ = and θ is in the third quadrant, find θ.
cos11° − sin11°

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

cos11° + sin11°
Sol. tan θ =
cos11° − sin11°
 sin11° 
cos11° 1 +
=  cos11° 
 sin11° 
cos11° 1 −
 cos11° 
1 + tan11°
=
1 − tan11°

m
tan 45° + tan11°
= (∵ tan 45° = 1)

co
1 − tan 45° tan11°
tan θ = tan(45° + 11°)
= tan 56°

n.
= tan(180° + 56°)

io
= tan 236°
θ = 236° at
uc
6. {
Prove that sin h −1 x = log x + x 2 + 1 }
ed

Let sin h−1 x = y ⇒ x = sin h y

e y − e− y
= 2 x = e4 − ⇒ 2 xe y = ( e y ) − 1
1 2
x=
i

2 ey
sh

(e )
y 2
− 2 xe4 − 1 = 0 ⇒ e4 =
2 x ± 4x2 + 4
(
= e y = x + x 2 + 1 ⇒ y = log e x + x 2 + 1 )
ak

{
∴ sin h −1 x = log e x + x 2 + 1 }
.s
w

 −1 2 
7. If A =   , then find AAT. Do A and AT commute with respect to multiplication of
 0 1
w

matrices?
 −1 0 
w

Sol. A T =  
 2 1
 −1 2   −1 0   5 2 
AA T =   = 
 0 1  2 1 2 1
 −1 0   −1 2   1 −2 
AT A =   = 
 2 1   0 1   −2 5 

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

Since AAT≠ ATA, A and AT do not commute with respect to multiplication of matrices.
1 ω ω2
8. If ω is a complex cube root of 1 then show that ω ω2 1 = 0.
ω2 1 ω
1 ω ω2
Sol. ω ω2 1

m
ω 2
1 ω
R1→R1 + R2 + R3

co
1 + ω + ω2 1 + ω + ω2 1 + ω + ω2
= ω ω2 1

n.
ω 2
1 ω

io
0 0 0
= ω ω2 1 [∵1 + ω + ω2 = 0]
ω2 1 ω
at
uc
=0
ed

x2 − x +1
9. If A = {1, 2, 3, 4} and f : A → R is a function defined by f (x) = then find the
x +1
range of f.
i
sh

Sol. Given that

x2 − x +1
f (x) =
x +1
ak

12 − 1 + 1 1
f (1) = =
1+1 2
.s

22 − 2 + 1 3
f (2) = = =1
w

2 +1 3
32 − 3 + 1 7
w

f (3) = =
3 +1 4
w

42 − 4 + 1 13
f (4) = =
4 +1 5
 1 7 13 
∴ Range of f is  ,1, , 
2 4 5 
10. If f = {(1, 2), (2, –3), (3, –1)} then find (i) 2 + f, (ii) f.
Sol. Given that

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

f = {(1, 2), (2, –3), (3, –1)}

i) 2 + f = {(1, 2+2), (2, –3+2), (3, –1+2)}

= {(1, 4), (2, –1), (3, 1)}

ii) {
f = (1, 2) }

m
SECTION B

co
n.
AdjA
11. Theorem : If A is a non-singular matrix then A is invertible and A −1 = .
det A

io
 a1 b1 c1 
Sol. Proof : Let A =  a 2 b 2 c2  be a non-singular matrix.

∴det A ≠ 0.
 a 3 b3 c3  at
uc
 A1 A 2 A3 
AdjA =  B1 B2 B3 
ed

 C1 C2 C3 
 a1 b1 c1   A1 A2 A3 
i

A ⋅ AdjA = a 2 b 2 c2   B1 B3 
sh

B2
 a 3 b3 c3   C1 C2 C3 
 a1A1 + b1B1 + c1C1 a1A 2 + b1B2 + c1C2 a1A 3 + b1B3 + c1C3 
ak

=  a 2 A1 + b 2 B1 + c 2C1 a 2 A 2 + b 2 B2 + c2 C2 a 2 A3 + b 2 B3 + c 2C3 
 a 3A1 + b3B1 + c3C1 a 3A 2 + b3B2 + c3C 2 a 3A 3 + b3B3 + c3C3 
.s

det A 0 0  1 0 0 

= 0 det A 0  = det A 0 1 0 

w

 0 0 det A  0 0 1 
w

= det A I
AdjA
∴A⋅ =I
w

det A
AdjA
Similarly we can prove that A ⋅ =I
det A
AdjA
∴ A −1 =
det A

12. In ∆ABC, if O is the circumcenter and H is the orthocenter, then show that

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

(i) OA + OB + OC = OH

(ii) HA + HB + HC = 2HO

Sol. Let D be the mid point of BC.

i) A

m
H O c
b

co
B C
D

Take O as the origin,

n.
Let OA = a, OB = b and OC = c

io
(see figure)

OD =
b+c
2
at
uc
∴ OA + OB + OC =
ed

OA + 2OD = OA + AH = OH

(Observe that AH = 2R cos A, OD = R cos A,

i
sh

R is the circum radius of ∆ABC and hence AH = 2OD ).

ii) HA + HB + HC =
ak

HA + 2HD = HA + 2(HO + OD)

.s

= HA + 2HO + 2OD
= HA + 2HO + AH = 2HO
w
w

13. Let a, b, c be mutually orthogonal vectors of equal magnitudes. Prove that the
w

vector a + b + c is equally inclined to each of a, b, c , the angle of inclination

1
being cos −1 .
3

Sol. Let | a | = | b | = | c | = λ
Now, | a + b + c |2 = a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + 2Σ a ⋅ b

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

= 3λ 2 (∵ a ⋅ b = b ⋅ c = c ⋅ a = 0)
Let θ be the angle between a and a + b + c
a ⋅ (a + b + c) a ⋅a 1
Then cos θ = = =
| a || a + b + c | λ(λ 3) 3
1
Similarly, it can be proved that a + b + c inclines at an angle of cos −1 with
3
b and c.

m
14. Prove that sin2α + cos2 (α + β) + 2 sin αsinβcos(α + β) is independent of α.

co
Sol. Given expression,
sin2α + cos2 (α+β) + 2 sinαsinβcos(α+β)

n.
= sin 2 α + 1 − sin 2 (α + β) + 2sin α sin β cos(α + β)
= 1 + [sin 2 α − sin 2 (α + β)] + 2sin α sin β cos(α + β)

io
= 1 + sin(α + α + β)sin(α − α − β) + 2sin α sin β cos(α + β)
= 1 + sin(2α + β) sin(−β) + 2sin α sin β cos(α + β)
= 1 − sin(2α + β)sin β + [2sin α cos(α + β)]sin β
at
uc
= 1 − sin(2α + β)sin α + [sin(α + α + β) + sin(α − α − β)]sin β
= 1 − sin(2α + β)sin α + [sin(2α + β) − sin β]sin β
ed

= 1 − sin(2α + β)sin α + sin(2α + β) sin β − sin 2 β

= 1 − sin 2 β = cos 2 β
i
sh

Thus the given expression is independent of α.

and x ∈ [ 0, 2π ] find the values of x

1
ak

15. If | tan x | = tan x +

cos x
Solution:
cos (1) suppose tan x > 0
.s

1 1
∴ tan x = tan x + ⇒ = 0 not possible
w

cos x cos x
Case (ii) Suppose tan x < 0
w

1 1
∴ − tan x = tan x + ⇒ − 2 tan x =
w

cos x cos x
1
− 2sin x = 1 ⇒ sin x = −
2
x Lies in (iii) or (iv) quadrant
But tan x < 0
∴ x= − π / 6 (or ) 11 π / 6
But x ∈ [ 0, 2π ]

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

∴ x = 11 π / 6

16. If (i) Tan−1 x + Tan−1 y + Tan−1 z = π then prove that x + y + z = xyz

π
(ii) Tan −1 x + Tan −1 y + Tan −1 z = then prove that xy + yz + zx = 1
2
Solution:
Let tan −1 x = α tan −1 y = β tan −1 z = γ
x = Tanα y = Tanβ z = Tanγ

m
Given α + β + γ = π ⇒ α + β = π − x
Tanα + Tanβ
Tan (α + β ) = Tan(π − γ ) ⇒

co
= Tanγ
1 − Tanα Tanβ
Tanα + Tanβ = −Tanγ + Tanα Tanβ Tanγ ⇒ Tanα + Tanβ + Tanγ Tanα Tanβ Tanγ

n.
= x + y + z = xyz

io
A B C bc + ca + ab − s 2
17. Prove that tan + tan + tan =
2 2 2 ∆
Solution : -
A B
+ tan + tan
C
at
uc
tan
2 2 2
( s − b )( s − c ) + ( s − c )( s − a ) + ( s − a )( s − b )
ed

∆ ∆ ∆
s − cs − bs + bc + s − as − cs + ac + s − bs − as + ab
2 2 2

∆
i
sh

3s − 2as − 2bs − 2cs + bc + ca + ab

2

∆
bc + ca + ab + 3s − 2 s ( a + b + c ) bc + ca + ab + 3s 2 − 2 s ( 2 s )
2
ak

=
∆ ∆
bc + ca + ab + 3s − 4s2 2
bc + ca + ab − s 2
=
.s

∆ ∆
w

SECTION C
w

18. If f : A → B , g : B → C are two one one onto functions then gof : A → C is also one
w

one be onto.

Sol: i) Let x1 , x2 ∈ A and f ( x1 ) = f ( x2 ) .

x1 , x2 ∈ A , f : A → B ⇒ f ( x1 ) , f ( x2 )∈ B
f ( x1 ), f ( x2 )∈ B, → C , f ( x2 ) ⇒ g[ f ( x1 ) ] = g[ f ( x2 )] ⇒ ( gof ) ( x1 ) = ( gof ) ( x2 )
x1 , x2 ∈ A,( gof ) ( x1 ) = ( gof ): A → C is one one ⇒ x1 = x2
∴ x1 , x2 ∈ A, f ( x1 ) = f ( x2 ) ⇒ x1 = x2 .

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

∴ f : A → B is one one.
ii) Proof :let z ∈ C
z ∈ C, g : B → C is onto ⇒ ∃ y ∈ B ∋ f ( x) = y
Now ( gof ) ( x) = g ( y) = z
∴ z ∈ C ⇒ ∃ x∈ A ∋ ( gof ) ( x) = z .
∴ gof : A → C is onto.
n(n 2 + 6n + 11)
19. Prove that 2.3+ 3.4 + 4.5+ …. upto n terms
3

m
Sol: 2, 3, 4………………… n terms tn = 2 + (n − 1)1 = n + 1
tn = 3 + (n − 1)1 = n + 2

co
3, 4, 5……….. n terms
n(n 2 + 6n + 11)
2.3 + 3.4 + 4.5 + ......... + (n + 1)(n + 2) =
3

n.
Let Sn be the given statement
For n = 1 L.H.S = 2.3 = 6

io
1(1 + 6 + 11)
R.H .S = =6
L. H.S = R.H.S
∴ S (1) is true
3
at
uc
Assume Sk is true
k (k 2 + 6k + 11)
ed

∴ 2.3 + 3.4 + 4.5 + ....... + (k + 1)(k + 2) = + (k + 2)(k + 3)

3
k (k 2 + 6k + 11) + 3(k 2 + 5k + 6)
=
i
sh

3
k + 9k + 26k + 18
3 2
=
3
ak

(k + 1) {k 2 + 8k + 18}
1 9 26 18
k = −1
= 0 −1 −8 −18
3
.s

1 8 18 0
(k + 1) {(k + 1) 2 + 6(k + 1) + 11}
w

=
3
w

∴ S k +1 is true
Hence S ( n ) is true for all n∈ N
w

20. If | a | = 1,| b | = 1,| c |= 2 and a × (a × c) + b = 0 , then find the angle between a and c
.
Sol. Given that | a | = 1,| b | = 1,| c |= 2
Let (a, c) = θ

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

Consider a ⋅ c =| a || c | cos θ
= (1)(2) cos θ
= 2 cos θ ...(1)
Consider a × (a × c) + b = 0
(a ⋅ c)a − (a ⋅ a)c + b = 0
(2 cos θ)a − (1)c + b = 0 ...(2)

m
(2 cos θ)a − c = − b
Squaring on both sides

co
[(2 cos θ)a − c]2 = (− b)2
⇒ (4 cos 2 θ)(a) 2 + (c)2 − 4 cos θ(a ⋅ c) = b 2

n.
⇒ 4 cos 2 θ(1) + (2)2 − 4 cos θ(2 cos θ) = 1

io
⇒ 4 cos 2 θ + 4 − 8cos 2 θ = 1
⇒ 4 − 4 cos 2 θ = 1
⇒ 4 cos 2 θ = 3
at
uc
3 3
⇒ cos 2 θ = ⇒ cos θ = ±
4 2
ed

Case I :
3 π
If cos θ = ⇒θ=
i

2 6
sh

π
⇒ (a, c) = = 30°
6
ak

Case II :
3 π 5π
If cos θ = −
⇒ θ = π− = = 150°
.s

1. 2 6 6
5π
w

⇒ (a, c) = = 150°
6
w

21. In a triangle ABC prove that

A B C π − A π − B  π − C 
cos + cos + cos = 4 cos   cos   cos  
w

2 2 2  4   4   4 

Solution:
(i) Given A + B + C = π
R.H..S
π − A π − B  π − C   π − A  π − B    π − C 
4 cos   cos   cos   = 2 cos   cos    2 cos  
 4   4   4    4   4    4 

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

 π − A+π − B   π − A − π + B    π − C 
= cos   + cos     2 cos  
    4    4 
{∵ 2 cos A cos B = cos ( A + B ) + cos ( A + B )}
 π  A + B   A − B  π − C 
= cos  −    + cos    2 cos  
  2  4   4   4 
π −C  A+ B π − C   A− B π A + B   A+ B
= 2 cos sin   + 2 cos   cos   ∵ cos  −  = sin  
4  4   4   4  2 4   4 

m
π − C + A + B π − C − A − B  π − C + A − B π − C − A + B
= sin   − sin   + cos   + cos  
 4   4   4   4 

co
∵ 2 cos A sin B = sin ( A + B ) − sin ( A − B ) 
 
 2 cos A cos B = cos ( A + B ) + cos ( A − B ) 

n.
π − C + π − C   A + B + C− C − A − B   A + B + C − C + A− B
∴ sin   − sin   + cos  

io
 4   4   4 
 A + B + C − C − A + B  ∵ π = A + B + C 
+ cos 

π C 
4
A B
at

  ad A + B = π − C 

uc
= sin  −  + cos + cos
2 2 2 2
A B C
= cos + cos + cos
ed

2 2 2
22. Let an object be placed at some height h cm and let P and Q be two points of observation
which are at a distance 10 cm apart on a line inclined at angle 15° to the horizontal. If the
i
sh

angles of elevation of the object from P and Q are 30° and 60° respectively then find h.
Sol.
A
ak

30°
.s

E h
w

60°
120°
w

30°
P 18° B
w

A is the position of the object.

Given that AB = h cm
P and Q are points of observation.
Given that, PQ = 10 cm
We have,
∠BPE = 15°, ∠EPA = 30°, ∠EQA = 60°
In ∆PQA,

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

P = 30°, Q = 120° and A = 30°

∴ By sine rule,
AP PQ
=
sin120° sin 30°
AP 10
=
sin(180° − 60°) 1/ 2
AP AP
= 20° ⇒ = 20°
sin 60°

m
3/2
3
AP = 20 × = 10 3

co
2
AB
In ∆PBA, sin 45° =

n.
AP
1 h
=

io
2 10 3
10 3 5 ⋅ 2 ⋅ 3
h=
2
=
2
= 5 2 3 = 5 6 cm

b+c c+a a+b

at
uc
a b c
23. Show that c + a a + b b + c = 2 b c a
a +b b+c c+a
ed

c a b
b+c c+a a+b
Sol. L.H.S. = c + a a + b b + c
i
sh

a +b b+c c+a
By applying R1⇒R1 + R2 + R3
2(a + b + c) 2(a + b + c) 2(a + b + c)
ak

= c+a a+b b+c

a+b b+c c+a
.s

a +b+c a +b+c a +b+c

w

= 2 c+a a+b b+c

w

a+b b+c c+a

By applying R2→R2 – R1 and R3→R3 – R1
w

a +b+c a +b+c a+b+c

=2 −b −c −a
−c −a −b
By applying R1→R1 + R2 + R3

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

a b c
= 2 − b −c −a
−c −a − b
a b c
= (2)(−1)(−1) b c a
c a b
a b c

m
= 2 b c a = R.H.S.

co
c a b
24. Find the non-trivial solutions, if any, for the following equations.
2x + 5y + 6z = 0, x – 3y – 8z = 0,3x – y – 4z = 0

n.
2 5 6 
Sol. The coefficient matrix A = 1 −3 −8 

io
 3 1 −4 
On interchanging R1 and R2, we get at
uc
1 −3 8 
A ~  2 5 6 
ed

 3 1 −4 
i
sh

R 2 → R 2 − 2R1 , R 3 → R 3 − 2R1 we get

1 −3 −8
ak

A ~ 0 11 22 
0 10 20 
.s

R2 → R2 − R3
w

1 −3 −8
A ~ 0 1 2 
w

0 10 20 
w

R 3 → R 3 + 10
 1 −3 8 
A ~ 0 1 2 
0 1 2 
Det A = 0 as R2 and R3 are identical.

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

 1 − 3
Clearly rank (A) = 2, as the sub-matrix   is non-singular.
0 1 
Hence the system has non-trivial solution.
The following system of equations is equivalent to the given system of equations.
x – 3y – 8z = 0
y + 2z = 0
On giving an arbitrary value k to z, we obtain the solution set is
x = 2k, y = –2k, z = k, k ∈ R for k ≠ 0.

m
We obtain non-trivial solutions.

co
n.
io
at
uc
i ed
sh
ak
.s
w
w
w

www.sakshieducation.com