ATENEO DE NAGA UNIVERSITY

HISS005 Life and Works of Jose Rizal and other Heroes

Social Sciences Department College of Humanities and Social Sciences
1st Semester, SY 2018-2019 Leo Paulo I. Imperial

I. Course Description

This course examines the life achievements of Dr. Jose Rizal, one of the greatest heroes of our nation. It is
an in-depth look into the stories of his childhood, his family and friends, his education, literary and artistic
works, exploration around the world, and above all, his contributions to the emergence of the Filipino nation.
The course will also revolve around the role of prominent individuals who played a significant role in the quest
for Philippine Independence and the formation of the Philippine nation.

II. Objectives

1. Become academically knowledgeable of the life works and writings of Jose Rizal and other prominent individuals that
contributed to the emergence of the Filipino Nation.
2. Develop an in-depth and more complex understanding of Rizal’s life and works and other heroes.
3. Build up a model of self-confidence in being a Filipino and be instruments in safe guarding Philippine independence.
4. Develop in a more realistic manner the ideals of moral character, personal discipline, and civic virtues as
inspired by Dr. Rizal and other distinct individuals that shape the Philippine nation;
5. Encourage the student to consider the relevance of the Rizal studies in their field of interest.

III. Course Outline/Readings

There is no specific textbook for the course. We shall use readings from different primary and secondary
sources. The student is expected to do the required readings. Discussions and lectures in class will use the
readings and other materials. Resource speakers will also be invited in teaching the course.

REQUIRED READINGS

 Majority of the readings enumerated below are available in the O’Brien Library (Filipiniana, Rizaliana and
Reserve Section).
 Additional readings may be added. Suggestions for further reading will be given during the lectures.

I. Introduction: Why Jose Rizal?

A. Review of Republic Act 1425

B. Definition and qualities of a Hero by the National Heroes Commission
C. Filipino Concept of“Bayani”
 Republic of the Philippines, Republic Act 1425 of 1956. Available online,
http://www.gov.ph/1956/06/12/republic-act-no-1425/.
 Laurel, Jose B. Jr.“The Trials of the Rizal Bill, Historical Bulletin 4 (2): 130-139.
 Schumacher, John. “The Rizal Bill of 1956: Horacio de la Costa and the bishops”, Philippine Studies 59 (4):
529-553.
 Selection and Proclamation of National Heroes and Laws Honoring Filipino Historical Figures. Available
online,http://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-profile/selection-and-proclamation-of-national-
heroes-and-laws-honoring-filipino-historical-figures/
 Salazar, Zeus.“ Ang Austronesyanong Barani hanngang sa Bagong Bayani” Nolasco, R. 1997.”Ang
Pinagmulan ng Salitang Bayani”. Diliman Review. 45: 15-18.
Considering the context of the 1950s, what issues and interests were raised in the debate over the Rizal Law?
Is the Rizal course still relevant? Differentiate a Hero and Bayani.

II. The 19th Century Philippines, and Social Origins

A. End of the Galleon Trade
B. Opening of Philippines to World Trade
C. Rise of export Agricultural Economy
D. Ascendance of Chinese Mestizos
E. Cavite Mutiny and the GOMBURZA

 Schumacher, John “ Rizal in the Context of the Nineteenth Century” in The Making of a Nation: Essays on
Nineteenth-Century Filipino Nationalism (Quezon City: ADMU Press), 1991.
 Legarda, Benito. After the Galleons: Foreign Trade, Economic Change and Entrepreneurship in the
Nineteenth-Century Philippines (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila Press)
 Wickberg, Edgar. “The Chinese Mestizo in Philippine History”, Journal of Southeast Asian History 5 (1):
62-100.
 Wickberg, Edgar. “The Philippine Chinese before 1850. In The Chinese in Philippine life, 1850—1898
(Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila Press), 25-36.
 Joaquin, Nick. A Question of Heroes ( Pasig City: Anvil Publishing)

What were the various political, economic, social, and cultural changes that happened in the nineteenth
century? What were the ethnic-racial categories used during the Spanish colonial period? What were the
historical conditions that led to the emergence of Chinese Mestizo and Creole as an important element of
Philippine society? What were the issues between regular and secular clergy?

III. Life, Works, and Times of Jose Rizal

A. Formative Years, Family Background, and Early Education

B. Rizal in Ateneo and UST
C. Rizal in Europe
F. Exile in Dapitan
G. Trial, Execution, and Martyrdom
 Rizal Biographies: Guerrero, Leon Ma. The First Filipino; Coates, Austin. Rizal: Philippine Nationalist and
Martyr; Ocampo, Ambeth R. Rizal Without the Overcoat. (Expanded Edition 2002)
 Dela Costa, Horacio. Jesuits in the Philippines, Philippine Studies Vol.7 No.1, (1959): 68-97.
 Rizal, Jose. “ Memoirs of a Student in Manila,” Appendix Section of Gregorio Zaide’s Jose Rizal: Life,
Works, and Writings.
 Viola, Maximo, nd. “My travels with Dr. Rizal.”In Reminiscences and Travels of Jose Rizal, Manila: Jose
Rizal National Centennial Commission 1961.
 Teodora Alonzo’s petition to Camilo Polavieja, Manila, 28 December 1896.

How did Rizal’s family influence his life? What was the educational system during the Spanish period?
How did Rizal value education? What were the accusations on Rizal that led to his execution?

IV. Rizal in Europe and the Propaganda Movement

A. Rizal in Europe
B. Propaganda Movement
C. La Solidaridad
 Schumacher, John. Early Filipino student activities in Spain, 1880—1892. In the Propaganda Movement:
1880—1895; The Creators of Filipino Consciousness, the Makers of the Revolution ( Quezon City: Ateneo de
Manila Press, 1997), 19-39, also read page.236.
 Rizal, Jose. Rizal’s toast to Luna and Hidalgo. Presidential Museum and Library, Republic of the Philippines.
Online, http://malacanang.gov.ph/4071-jose-rizals-homage-to-luna-and-hidalgo/

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  Schumacher, John. Journalism and Politics, 1883—1886. In the Propaganda Movement: 1880—1895; The
Creators of Filipino Consciousness, the Makers of the Revolution (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila Press,
1997), 40-58.

What was the goal of the Propaganda Movement? What was Rizal’s role in the Propaganda Movement?

V. Rizal’s Theory of Nationalism and Understanding History From Below

A. The Nation as Imagined Community
B. Rizal and Popular Nationalism
 Anderson, Benedict. Introduction, Cultural Roots, and Creole Pioneers. In Imagined Communities:
Reflection on the Origins and Spread of Nationalism. (Revised ed. London and New York: Verso. Pasig City:
Anvil, 2003), 1-65.
 Ileto, Reynaldo. Bernardo Carpio: Awit and revolution. In Filipinos and their revolution: Event, Discourse,
and Historiography ( Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila Press), 2-9
 Ileto, Reynaldo. Rizal and the Underside of History. In Filipinos and their revolution: Event, Discourse,
and Historiography ( Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila Press), 47-65.
 Lahiri, Smitha. Wirter, Hero, Myth, and Spirit: The Changing Image of Jose Rizal. SEAP Bulletin. Fall
Bulletin. Southeast Asia Program, Cornell University. Online,
http://seap.einaudi.cornell.edu/sites/seap.einaudi.cornell.edu/files/1999f_2.pdf.

Why is a nation imagined? What is nationalism? How do you express nationalism? How does Rizal’s works
and writings relate to nationalism? What is the popular view towards Rizal?

VI. Rizal and the Writing of History

A. Annotation of Antonio Morga’s Succesos de las Islas Filipinas and Rizal’s search for Origin
B. Rizal’s Morga and Ilustrados Views of Precolonial Past
 Rizal, Jose. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas por el Doctor Antonio de Morga, obra publicada en Mejico el
ano de 1609 nuevamente sacada a luz y anotada (Events of the Philippine Islands by Dr.Antonio de Morga,
published in Mexico in 1609 recently brought tolight and annotated). Manila: Jose Rizal National Centennial
Commission, 1961) READ: Rizal’s Annotation in Chapter 8
 Ocampo, Ambeth. Rizal’s Morga and views in Philippine History, Philippine Studies Vol.46 (2): 184-214.

How did Rizal describe the precolonial past? What was Rizal’s goal when he annotated the Morga?

VII. Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo

A. Historical Context and the Noli Me Tangere
B. El Filibusterismo
 Rizal, Jose. 1887. Noli me tangere.
o English: Translation by Ma. Soledad Lacson-Locsin (Manila: Bookmark, c1996)
o Pilipino: Translation by Virgilio Almario (Pasig City: Anvil Publishing, 1998)
 Joaquin, Nick. “The Novels or Rizal: An appreciation (Appendix I)”and “Rizal the Bard (Appendix II)”in
Rizal in Saga: A life for Student Fans.
 Schumacher, John. “Noli Me Tangere,” 1887. In the Propaganda Movement: 1880—1895; The Creators of
Filipino Consciousness, the Makers of the Revolution (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila Press, 1997), 83-104.
 Anderson, Benedict. Why counting counts: A study of forms of consciousness and problems of language in
Noli me Tangere and El Filibusterismo (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila Press, 2008), 1-37.
 Joaquin, Nick. Why was the Rizal hero a creole? In A Question of Heroes (Mandaluyong City: Anvil
Publishing), 65-76.

What was the historical context in which Rizal wrote his novels? What is the difference between Noli and El
Fili? How did the Noli and El Fili contribute to National Consciousness?

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 REQUIREMENTS

1. CLASS PARTICIPATION: Discussions form an important part of the learning process. So are other
interactive activities. The student is expected to participate in them. Note taking is highly encouraged.
2. CREATIVE GROUP PRESENTATIONS: The study of History is more effective when understood through
the use of imagination. It can be boring if the students rely on books and texts. Students are expected to
make the study of History relevant to life through creatively presenting a specific theme in Philippine
history
3. ASSIGNMENTS, ESSAYS, JOURNAL, AND SHORT REFLECTION PAPERS/EXCERCISES: Students
are expected to submit a series of essays and short exercises. Late papers will not be accepted. All required
papers should follow the specific format :( TNR 12, 1.5 spacing, Write your Name, Section, and Class
schedule on the upper right corner of the paper.). Please use recycled paper. The questions and criteria for
the papers will be discussed in class. Express ideas in simple language. Students can choose either Filipino,
English, and Bikol in writing their essays but emphasis on grammar should be given.
ESSAYS, EXCERCISES, and REFLECTIONS
4. QUIZZES AND EXAMS: It is advantageous to take down notes since some quizzes and exams will be
open- notes and open- book. Students are expected to read required texts since some of the quizzes will be
unannounced.
5. REQUIRED BOOK: The First Rizal Monument: Rise of Bikolano Nationalism
6. FIELD TRIP AND ATTENDANCE TO LECTURES, SEMINARS, AND WORKSHOPS

GRADE COMPONENTS: Class Standing 40% (Quizzes 30%, Recitation 30%, Paper 20%, Assignment 20%)
Preliminary Exam 10%
Midterm Exam 20%
Prefinal Exam 10%
Final Exam 20%

Students who acquire a Prefinal grade of 90 will be exempted from the Final exam.

CLASSROOM POLICIES
1. It is presumed that students are responsible for class attendance, absences, tardiness, etc as rules are stated
in the Students Handbook. Attendance will be checked at the beginning of every class.
2. Respect for the teacher and respect for fellow students is shown by attentively participating in discussions
and activities. Students who may cause class disturbances and unruly behavior will be sent out of the
classroom and be dealt with accordingly.
3. Alphabetical seating arrangement will be adapted in class.
4. There will be no distinction between excused and unexcused absences. However, if you miss a class. You
can make-up for class participation by writing a 2 page review of a topic or an article discussed in class.
You are only allowed once for this type of make-up.
5. Strictly no use of mobile phones during class discussions. The use of laptops and other electronic devices is
allowed but with certain limits.
6. Please join the e-group or FB group created for your section. Some announcements and reading materials
will be posted online. Kindly check for online updates regularly.
7. Plagiarism is unacceptable and will incur severe sanctions.

CONSULTATION HOURS
Time: 10:30-12:00 PM Tuesday and Thursday, 3:30-5:00 Friday or by appointment.
Place: Social Sciences Department
Email:leopaulo.imperial@gmail.com