Tarlac State University

College of Architecture and Fine Arts

San Isidro Campus, Tarlac City

Research Method for Architecture

PROPOSED NEW TARLAC CITY ECO-INTERMODAL TERMINAL

Submitted by:
CARALIPIO, Revin Vincere O.
PASCUA, Jann Zeus S.
Submitted to:
Arch. Arlen Guieb
Instructor
Introduction

Increasing demand in vehicular traffic is inevitable in any growing urban cities all over

the world. Traffic jams or Traffic Congestions exist everywhere and no matter where you go, you

will have to experience them at some point. It is bound “to get worse” as time passes by. Hence,

it has an immense effect in the social, economic, health, infrastructure, and environmental state

of the community.

Philippines is ranked as 5th among the countries with worst traffic on earth. One of the

primary causes of this is the lack of quality of current urban transportation infrastructures. These

unmanaged interactions make life in the cities more miserable and cause deterioration of health

and the quality of life.

Traffic Congestions result a traffic mess cost that is extremely high. According to Japan

International Cooperation Agency (JICA) 2018, the economic cost of transportation in the

Philippines has risen to 3.5 billion pesos a day, and the situation can get worse to 5.4 billion a

day if interventions will not be made. These problems cause billions of loses in man hours and

cause pollution, road rage, accidents, property damage, and deaths.

Tarlac City is a 1st class city and capital of the province of Tarlac, Philippines. The city

is situated at the center of the province of Tarlac. To its north is Gerona and Santa Ignacia, west

is San Jose, south is Capas and Concepcion and eastern boundaries are Victoria and La Paz. This

is also the location of the Tarlac River. Tarlac City is 124 kilometres (77 mi) from Manila. Tarlac

ranked fourth in Central Luzon Region in terms of population.According to the 2015 census, it

has a population of 342,493 people. This rapid population growth increases demand for

transportation services that contribute to traffic congestion.

One of the major problems of Tarlac city is traffic congestion . Traffic on roads, is define

as the movement of vehicles, pedestrians, transportation of goods for the purpose of trade, and
other conveyances in an area, either singly or together, while using the public way for purposes

of travel. Traffic congestion is a condition on road networks that occurs as use increases, and is

characterized by slower speeds, longer trip times, and increased number of vehicles.

Making this thesis proposal in reality will create major impact not only in reducing traffic

congestion in Romulo Boulevard,Barangay San Vicente Intersection in Tarlac City ,but also

gives economic growth of the city by providing urban transportation infrastructures for

commuters.

Statement of the Problem

The Romulo Boulevard, Barangay San Vicente Intersection in Tarlac City (fig. 1.1), the

researchers saw some problems like the volume of the vehicles, size of the roadway, unnecessary

unloading or parking of vehicles, traffic light is on standby mode and sometimes pedestrian

crossing that blocking the vehicles to turn or accelerate. The volume of the vehicles is large

especially during rush hours because of the employers going to their job or going home. In

regards to the relationship between the volume of the vehicles and the size of the roadway, the

insufficient size of the roadway can not handle the large volume of the vehicles. The intersection

has roadways going to Citywalk (Zamora street), Diwa ng Tarlac (Romulo Boulevard), Magic

Star (Romulo Boulevard) and Barangay San Vicente intersection (Zamora street). The roadways

going to Citywalk,Diwa ng Tarlac and Barangay San Vicente intersection has two lanes and the

Magic Star has only one lane, which is in general is inefficient and in the case of the particular

intersection it is inefficient and unnecessary .The main reason of the traffic congestion is the size

of the roadway that cannot handle the large volume of the vehicles, additionally the unnecessary

parking and pedestrian crossing. Luckily, the intersection has traffic enforcers to manage the

traffic, but the traffic enforcers, only takes action during rush hours. The other problem occurs

when the traffic enforcers are not in action, it is the continuous blocking of the roadway because
anyone wants to go first and no one wants to give way, until somehow they get stocked in the

middle of the intersection which is a bigger problem.

The study aims to seek answers for the following questions:

1. What are the current problems affecting Urban Design in Tarlac City in terms of

traffic, accessibility, economy, environment, and etc.?

2. Who will benefit from the proposed study?
3. What are the architectural solutions intended to the encountered problems?
4. What other building, amenities, or building features can be added to maximize its

usability and effectiveness?

Objectves of
Fig. 1.1 Study Area (Brgy San Vicente,Tarlac City)
the study
 To reduce
traffic congestion in Romulo Boulevard, Barangay San Vicente Intersection in Tarlac City

 To determine the causes and effects of traffic congestion in the specified area.

 To find possible solutions to traffic congestion within the vicinity.

 The aim of the study is to develop a traffic flow system that may lessen and overcome the
daily traffic congestion in the intersection. The system will help the motorists to lessen
the travel time when travelling on the intersection especially during peak hours

 . The study also aims to provide a proper location for pedestrians who are crossing along
the road. This is for the safety of everyone who uses the intersection.
 To provide terminal for Bamban , Capas , Burot Public Utility Jeepneys and TODAs.

Significance of the Study

 This study will be beneficial to/for the following:
1. Intermodal Terminal will provide easy access, control and maximizes transport vehicles
in a specific location from different place to minimize the traffic congestion in the City
proper
2. Businessman, Investors and even unemployed workers. Generates the aspects of the
economy in terms of transport system and provide insight of what will be the best
possible outlay job opportunities to boost the economic use of the area.
3. Common commuters of Public Utility Vehicle (PUV) are given their needs for the
possible application.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

This study directly involves the commuters and pedestrians from different places, private
vehicles and public utility vehicles (PUV’s) that will be allotted a new terminal that is safe,
secured, accessible, efficient, sustainable, and equipped with basic services.
The study will concentrate on designing new ecological terminal with commercial
facilities, providing efficient parking and introducing new circular theory. The new transit
terminal is divided in different phases for different types of vehicles and companies.

Definition of Terms
Eco – a combining form representing ecology, in the formation of compounds (ecosystem;
ecotype); also with the more general sense, environment, nature, and natural habitat.
Intermodal Terminal – passenger transport, also called mixed-mode commuting, involves using

two or more modes of land transportation.

Parking – is the act of stopping and disengaging a vehicle and leaving it unoccupied.

Private Vehicles – a passenger car assigned for private use.

Public Utility Vehicle (PUV) – a passenger car assigned for public use.

Tricycle - a motorized three-wheeler, consisting of a motorbike attached to a sidecar which may

be customised according to the owner’s choice. Widely used as a public means of transportation.

TODA - stands for Tricycle Operators and Drivers' Association (Philippines)

Terminal - station where transport vehicles load or unload passengers
SM Lipa Grand Terminal
Modes of Transportation: Bus, Vans, and Jeepneys

Abstract
This study was conducted to identify the effects of the recently established public
terminal transport in Lipa City to its travel industry. Specifically, the study aimed to identify the
availability and schedule of trips; to determine the effects of centralized public terminal transport
to the commuters in terms of accessibility and convenience; to determine the security measures
used to ensure safety of passengers; to identify the problems encountered by the passengers in
the terminal and to present a proposed action plan for the improvement of the terminal.

Data Analysis:
 Because of the high demand in public transport modes, the terminal always provides an
available schedule of trips and the respondents are satisfied with it.
 Respondents are somehow satisfied with the services that the terminal provides. Majority
of the respondents has signified their full extent of acceptability as it became easier for
them to travel from one place to another.
 The terminal has the complete facilities that the public would need compared to the
former place of the terminal so in terms of accessibility and convenience, it is more
acceptable to them.
 The terminal considers the safety and security within the terminal as an important aspect
in management.
 The passengers sometimes encounter problems within the terminal. The terminal is a
public place so the risk of having these kinds of problems is high. The respondents are
not satisfied with the way the ventilation of the place is considered and how the pollution
and crowdedness during peak hours is handled.

Key Result Area Objective Strategy/Activity Person

Responsible
Passenger To fill in the absence of They may provide Administration
Convenience medical assistance for the medical facilities for
sick, elders, and persons passengers with
 with disabilities disabilities.

Environmental To improve the They may implement Administration

Impacts enforcement of rules regarding pollution
environmental standards. and proper waste disposal
and may put signs of
environmental reminders.
Passenger To minimize the They may add more seats Administration
Convenience crowdedness in the in the waiting area so the
terminal during peak passengers can relax Transport
hours. while waiting for another Operators
PUJ/PUB.
Availability of To have available trips to They may consider Administration
Trips every town and increasing the number of
municipalities near Lipa. transport modes that
operates in the terminal
and may lower the
operating fee for the
public transport modes.
Passenger To have more available They may consider Administration
Convenience stores and food adding more food stalls
establishments inside the and stores inside the
terminal. terminal and not so high
rental fee for the stores.
Park Square Shuttle Terminal
Based on observations, Park Square’s shuttle terminal is one of the most organized in the CBD.
Unlike other parking garage terminals, Park Square has a queueing system that attempts to
provide comfort and convenience to its passengers and shuttle services. Revisiting the layout and
utilizing the second parking level for terminal use will ensure more spaces for queueing and
seating. Terminal management should also invest in seating areas, more food kiosks for on-the-
go food options and an industrial fan for additional ventilation to upgrade the experience in the
terminal. Survey respondents also prefer to entertain themselves by watching videos using their
mobile devices or surfing the internet. With this, television and wifi connection should also be
provided. Investing in these types of infrastructure will also prepare the terminal for the future
when app-based passenger queueing will be used by public transportation. Moreover, transport
routes and other wayfinding elements 27 should also be improved. Vehicular circulation should
also be reviewed to maximize the space for passengers.

Glorietta Park extension

The sidewalk across Glorietta Park is used as terminal for express buses. During peak hours,
lines take over the circulation space and conceal the storefronts of the restaurants along this path.
Office Drive, the small stretch of road in between the park and the sidewalk terminal, is a one-
way road that can be converted into a terminal plaza that connects to the park across. By doing
this, more circulation and queueing space is provided for express bus passengers, as well as new
seating areas for the restaurants along the sidewalk line. The new terminal plaza will also
accommodate a covered waiting area with seating that can also be used for other programming
such as weekend markets and small events. Glorietta Park’s connection to the new terminal plaza
will also open opportunities for facilities like a passenger pavilion where passengers can lounge,
buy tickets and wait before boarding public transit. A traffic study might be needed to validate
the impact of closing Office Drive, but in order to fully realize this proposal, a pedestrian and
commuter-driven mindset is needed from all stakeholders.
Park Square shuttle terminal
The upper parking levels of Park Square can be utilized for temporary uses such as art exhibits
and other events. This is a model that is already being done in another parking building within
the estate, where an annual art fair is being held in three of its parking floors. This creates
revenue and makes cultural events accessible to the general public.
Paseo Center shuttle terminal
The shuttle terminal also works as public parking for office workers in this side of the CBD.
However, with the number of shuttle vans parking and taking passengers from this terminal, the
parking function is not utilized as much as possible. This side of the CBD also has not a lot of
affordable food options, except for food cart businesses and fast food restaurants. Converting the
parking lot into a terminal and food park will provide more affordable food options for the north
side of MCBD and create a destination as well. Existing food cart businesses in the CBD can be
tapped instead of new food truck players, to expand local businesses in Makati. Similar to the
terminal plaza concept in Ayala Center, a covered waiting and queueing area with seating will be
provided for the passengers. Movable seating will also be provided for the dining areas.

CHAPTER III.

METHODS OF THE STUDY AND SOURCES OF DATA

This chapter introduces the research methodology used for this study and how it guided
the data collection, analysis, and development of the study. These methods help the researchers
in satisfying all requirements needed by the current study. Also, data gathering was done by
researching different project related books, browsing and searching project related articles
Research Design
In order for the proponents to identify the problem, the researchers define and analyze

solutions. To fulfill all the requirements, the researchers used different kinds of data gathering

tools and techniques to collect information that are beneficial in conducting a research design

and in interpreting the information gathered.

Library
The proponents visit the Tarlac State University (TSU) Library to have information in
relation to the current study. As follows, these studies of the previous researchers help the
proponents to have an idea in creating the project, and the methods and implementation they
used to cope up the goals of the project. The researchers used these previous studies as their
references.
Internet
The easiest way to gather information is through the use of internet. The researchers used
World Wide Web (WWW) to search for the references and articles regarding the study. It also
served as the mode for the researchers to enable them work in their own places.

TRANSPORTATION

Existing Situation

The transport system of Tarlac is presently provided with a land transport network
consisting of a major trunk line and arterial roads. Motor vehicles are the chief means of
transportation used in the city. From the Central Business District (CBD) to the
Barangays, jeeps and tricycles are used while from the town proper to the other
municipalities and cities, buses, mini buses, and jeepneys serve the riding public.

ECONOMIC SECTOR
Commerce
 Tarlac being the capital city is considered the center of business and trade within the
province. Major commercial activities are not only concentrated within the Poblacion area, along
the stretch of F.Tanedo Street, around the Old Public Market but also along he Ninoy Aquino
Boulevard where the Uniwide Sales/Tarlac Central Mall and Common Terminal is located as
well as the New Wet Market and the whole complex bounded by Ancheta St., F.Tanedo St., C.
Santos St., Juan Luna St., Panganiban St., and P.Burgos St. Other commercial areas inside from
the Poblacion are found along the length of McArthur Highway going to Baguio.
Geographic Location
Tarlac is situated in the heartland of Luzon’s rich central plain.It is bounded on the north by the
province of Pangasinan,Nueva Ecija on the East ,on the south by Pampanga and Zambales on
the west. The city is situated at the centre of the province of Tarlac. To its north
is Gerona and Santa Ignacia, west is San Jose, south is Capas and Concepcion and eastern
boundaries are Victoria and La Paz.The city is almost fairly equidistant from Manila ,125
kms,and Baguio,127 kms.This Location has made it the favorite stop-over of people travelling
north to Baguio or Manila to the South.
The city is popularly known as the “Melting Pot” of Central Luzon because its residents speak
several dialects such as Tagalog,Pangasinense ,Ilocano,Pampango.In the east,residents of the
town of La Paz and a part of Concepcion speak Tagalog on account of their proximity to the
province of Nueva Ecija ,which is a Tagalog-speaking province.

CLIMATIC DATA
Temperature
The climate overview shows the monthly average temperature. The red line is average
maximum temperature, while the blue line is the average minimum temperature. The climate
statistics are based on weather data for the last decade.
Source: storm247.com
PRESIPITATION
The blue columns show average number of days with precipitation per month. A day with
precipitation is defined as more than 1 mm in the last 24 hrs. Precipitation climate statistics are
based on weather data for the last decade.

Source: storm247.com

Slope
Slope refers to the upward or downward inclination of the land surface.The topography of Tarlac
City,which is predominantly level to gently sloping (0-3% slope gradient )covers 90.84% or
38,633 hectares,which is suitable for urban expansion and settlements development,and for
agricultural production.

The Alphabet of Lines

Lines in technical drawings are part of a specialized graphic language that is
standardized throughout industry.
Each type of line has a very precise symbolic meaning.

Line weight is the thickness of the line.

Construction lines and guide lines are very light, easily erased lines used to
block in the main layout.
Visible lines are the edges or "outlines" of an object. They are drawn as solid
lines with a thick/heavy weight.
All other lines contrast with the visible lines by having either a thinner weight
and/or a combination of dashes.
SEPTIC TANK