Dental and Skeletal Growth

Prof. Drg. Etty Indriati, Ph.D.

Lab. Bio-Paleoanthropology Gadjah
Mada University Faculty of Medicine

Prof.drg.Etty Indriati, Ph.D. 1

 Objectives of lecture
• To understand the dental and skeletal
growth with age and their normal variation
• To understand that bone grow as a process
from intrauterine up to late adolescent
• To understand normal dental eruption useful
as physical growth assessment in pediatric

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Long bone, woven and lamelar structure

Prof.drg.Etty Indriati, Ph.D. 3

Compact and Cancellous bones
Figure 4. Longitudinal section of proximal tibia

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 Ossification of a long bone
See Figure 6. Diagram of the ossification of a long bone

• A. Early cartilagineous stage

• B. stage of eruption of the periosteal bone
collar by an osteogenic bud of vessels
• C. older stage with a primary marrow cavity
and early centers of calcification in the
epiphyseal cartilages
• D. The condition shortly before birth with
epiphyseal centers of ossification
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Ossification of the long bone

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 The first tooth in human
• The first tooth erupted in human is first lower
deciduous/milk incisor.
• The first permanent tooth erupted is first lower
permanent molar
• The difference between deciduous and permanent
teeth: deciduous teeth are longer mesiodistally,
roots are more convergent, teeth are smaller than
permanent teeth
• Deciduous teeth: 20: 212, icm
• Permenent teeth: 32: 2123, ICPM
• Agenese of M3: 28. I2 rudimentair
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Dental eruption

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 Dental eruption

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 Ossification

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.
Ossification

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 Important terms
• Radiolucent
• Radiopaque
• Occlusal plane
• Dental eruption
• Epipyseal growth plate
• Initial fusion of epiphyses and diaphyses
• Completely fused epiphyses and diaphyses
• Anodontia
• Mesiodens Prof.drg.Etty Indriati, Ph.D. 12
 Conclusion
• Human growth occur in years, and normal dental and
skeletal growth occur up to late adolescent.
• The formation of teeth and bones occur intrauterine, and
completion occur up to late adolescent
• Normal dental eruption in children suggests healthy
individual.
• Certain disease affect tooth formation such as syphilis—
causing mulberry molar and notched upper incisor.
• Tetracyclin intake during pregnancy may cause yellow
discoloration of teeth of the fetus in the womb
• Horizontal lines of enamel hypoplasia occur when growth
is disturbed
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 Supporting Reference

Indriati, E. 2004. Antropologi Forensik: Identifikasi rangka

manusia, aplikasi antropologi biologis dalam konteks
hukum. Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta.
ISBN 979-420-548-6.

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