F.

Soil Compaction
Soil Compaction
Source: https://www.youtube.comwatchv=qq09VuGYE1E
F.1. Compaction – General
Principles
Compaction –
General
Principles
F.2. Standard Proctor Test
 Standard
Proctor Test
Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tqHNK67IgG4
F.3. Factors Affecting
Compaction
Factors Affecting Compaction
1. Moisture Content
2. Soil Type
3. Compaction
Effort
Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_OBGsZOD2ig
F.4. Modified Proctor
Test
Modified Proctor Test
Problem 1
The laboratory test results of a
standard Proctor test are given
in the table. Gs = 2.7
a. Determine the maximum
dry unit weight of
compaction and the
optimum moisture content
b. Calculate and plot 𝛾𝑑
versus moisture content
for degree of saturations
80%, 90%, and 100
%(𝛾𝑧𝑎𝑣).
F.5. Field Compaction
Field Compaction
F.7. Specifications for Field
Compaction
Specifications for Field Compaction
F.8. Field Unit Weight
Determination
Field Unit Weight of Compaction
Determination
1. Sand Cone Method
Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f5Z2l9RFumo
2. Rubber Balloon Method
3. Nuclear Method
 Problem 2
The laboratory compaction
test results for a clayey silt
are given in the table.
Determine:
a. Dry unit weight of
compaction in the field.
b. Relative compaction in
the field.
Problem 3
Field density test on a compacted fill of sandy clay gives the following
results:

Weight of moist soil from the hole = 1038 grams

Oven-dried weight of the soil = 914 grams
Volume of test hole = 0.0169 ft3

Laboratory moisture density on this soil indicated a maximum dry

density of 120 pcf at an optimum moisture content of 11%. What is the
percent compaction of the fill?
F.9. Special Compaction
Techniques
 Special Compaction Techniques
1. Vibroflotation
Problem 4
Following are the details for the backfill material used in a
vibroflotation project:
D10 = 0.36mm
D20 = 0.52 mm
D50 = 1.42 mm
Determine the suitability number SN. What would be its rating as a
backfill material?
2. Dynamic Compaction
3. Blasting
Summary
Problem 5
An embankment for a highway 30m wide and 1.2m in compacted
thickness is to be constructed from a sandy soil trucked from a borrow
pit. The water content of the sandy soil in the borrow pit is 15% and its
void ratio is 0.75. The specification requires the embankment to be
compacted to a dry unit weight of 18.2 kN/m3. Length of embankment
is 1.5km. Assume Gs = 2.7. Determine the volume of borrow material
required.
Problem 6
The in situ moist unit weight of a soil is 17.3 kN/m3 and the moisture
content is 16%. The specific gravity of soil solids is 2.72. This soil is to
be excavated and transported to a construction site for use in a
compacted fill. If the specification calls for the soil to be compacted to
a minimum dry unit weight of 18.1 kN/m3 at the same moisture
content of 16%, how many cubic meters of soil from the excavation site
are needed to produce 2000 m3 of compacted fill? How many 18 m3
truckloads are needed to transport the excavated soil?
No. of 18m3– Truckloads = 2427.9 / 18 = 134.88
No. of 18m3– Truckloads = 135
Problem 7
A building requires a 10,000 m3 fill at a void ratio of 20%. Material for
earth fill was available from a borrow site at 320 php per cubic meter. It
was found that the average void ratio from the site is 80%. Estimate the
total cost of fill.
Problem 8
A proposed embankment fill requires 5000 m3 of compacted soil. The void ratio of
the compacted fill is specified as 0.75. Soil can be transported from one of the four
borrow pits as described in the following table. The void ratio, specific gravity of soil
solids, and the cost per cubic meter for moving the soil to the proposed
construction site are provided in the table.
a. Determine the volume of each borrow pit soil required to meet the
specification of the embankment site.
b. Make necessary calculations to select the borrow pit which would be most cost
effective.
References
1. Principles of geotechnical engineering by Das,
B. M. (2014).
2. Engineering Formula Series (Civil Engineering)
by DIT Gillesania
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