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11th Grade Mathematics PSSA Preparation Program o Mastered On: _____________________
Concepts
Protractors
are
used
to
accurately
measure
and
draw
angles.
Angles
appear
in
everything
from
buildings
to
circle
graphs.
Angles
are
labeled
by
the
points
located
on
the
rays
and
vertex
of
the
angle.
Recall
the
vertex
is
the
point
where
the
two
rays
meet
and
the
rays
form
the
“sides”
of
the
angles.
Acute
angles
have
measures
that
are
less
than
90
degrees
and
obtuse
angles
have
measures
that
are
greater
than
90
degrees.
Measuring
Angles
with
a
Protractor
To
measure
an
angle
with
a
protractor,
follow
these
steps.
STEP
1:
Align
the
bottom
line
of
the
angle
with
the
0
degree
line
of
the
protractor.
STEP
2:
Align
the
vertex
of
the
angle
with
the
mark
at
the
center
of
the
protractor.
STEP
3:
Read
the
angle
on
the
protractor
where
the
second
ray
of
the
angle
crosses
the
protractor’s
outer
edge.
If
the
angle
is
acute,
like
the
one
shown,
the
angle
is
the
smaller
number.
If
the
angle
is
obtuse,
the
angle
is
the
larger
number.
Example
1:
Measure
the
angle
shown
below.
Solution:
Using
the
steps
outlined
above,
the
measure
of
the
angle
is
41°.
?
Test
Taking
Tip:
You
can
always
determine
whether
an
angle
is
acute
or
obtuse
when
taking
a
test
without
using
a
protractor.
The
corner
of
a
sheet
of
paper
forms
a
90°
angle.
Place
a
the
corner
of
the
paper
at
the
vertex
and
align
one
ray
of
the
angle
with
one
edge
of
the
paper.
If
you
can
see
the
other
ray,
the
angle
is
obtuse,
otherwise
the
angle
is
acute.
Drawing
an
Angle
To
draw
an
angle
given
a
specified
measure,
first
draw
a
ray.
Then,
place
the
protractor
over
the
vertex
(endpoint
of
the
ray).
Place
a
small
dot
next
to
the
mark
on
protractor
that
represents
the
desired
angle
and
then
connect
the
vertex
to
the
dot
to
create
the
second
ray.
Verify
your
answer
is
correct
by
re-‐measuring
the
angle
you
created.
Pie
(Circle)
Charts
Pie
charts
are
circles
that
are
divided
into
wedges
that
represent
data.
Pie
charts
can
be
misleading
if
the
percentages
they
represent
do
not
equal
100%.
Therefore,
pie
charts
can
only
be
used
to
display
certain
data.
To
determine
the
relationship
between
the
angle
and
the
percent
it
represents,
the
following
proportion
is
used:
𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒
=
100 360
Example
1:
According
to
the
circle
graph,
what
percent
of
students
chose
math
as
their
favorite
subject?
Solution:
Measuring
the
angle
that
represents
Math
Math.
This
angle
is
61°.
Therefore,
the
proportion
to
find
the
percent
is:
Other
𝑥 61
=
100 360 English
Solving
the
proportion
yields
Science
𝑥 = 16.9%
Example
2:
If
250
students
were
surveyed,
how
many
History
students
chose
history
as
their
favorite
class?
Solution:
Like
the
previous
example,
measure
the
angle
using
a
protractor,
then
substitute
the
angle
into
the
proportion:
𝑥 79
=
100 360
Solving
the
proportion
for
x,
𝑥 = 21.9%.
Use
a
second
proportion
to
determine
the
number
of
students
who
chose
history
given
the
percentage.
21.9 𝑥
=
100 250
Solving
this
proportion
yields
the
number
of
students
who
chose
history:
55
students.
Exercises
A. Use the protractor and angles below to answer questions 1-‐5.
Use
the
protractor
above
to
measure
the
following
angles.
1. 𝑚∠𝐴𝑂𝐵 =
2. 𝑚∠𝐸𝑂𝐶 =
3.
𝑚∠𝐵𝑂𝐶 =
4. 𝑚∠𝐶𝑂𝐷 =
5. 𝑚∠𝐵𝑂𝐷 =
∠𝐴 = 55° ∠𝐹 = 135° ∠𝐾 = 4°
14.
D.
Use
the
circle
charts
provided
to
answer
the
questions
that
follow.
The circle chart below shows the type of fruit that people prefer for lunch.
Pear
Orange
Plum
Peach
Apple
15. Determine the angle and percent for each of the types of fruit.
Orange
Peach
Pear
Plum
16. If 300 people were surveyed, how many people preferred peaches?
17.
If
450
people
were
surveyed,
how
many
more
people
preferred
apples
over
pears?
18.
Why
do
some
of
the
number
of
people
have
a
decimal
as
part
of
the
answer?
Does
this
mean
that
there
is
a
mistake?
Explain
why.
19. If the survey represents 1.245 × 10! people, how many people prefer oranges?
20.
You
run
a
bodega
that
has
a
small
refrigerated
section
that
includes
sandwiches
and
other
lunch
items.
There
is
a
small
amount
of
space
left
for
fruit
so
you
can
only
choose
two
types.
According
to
the
data,
which
types
should
you
choose?
Why?
E.
Create
a
circle
chart
to
represent
your
classmates’
responses
to
the
following
question.
Record
your
classmates
answers
in
the
boxes
below.
Ask
between
12
and
30
people.
21. Calculate the percent and angle that represents each of the categories. Show your work.
22. Create and label a circle graph that represents your data using the circle below.