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\
 TURAMDIH MINES AT~ GLANCE

~ -
General

Kr:e p1ng lf1 Vl<':W , thfJ rrJqt11r,:rn,,11t of w ;m11irn for th o IIIH;l<:;11 r,<>w<,r prnorarnrr,o of
lhE:! country (20 ,000 MW<: by 20)0 /\I)) , I 11r:1111dit1 11r:inIIJ111 rlr:pn·1It w,w tak<:n up
for comrn,:rc1;il rixpto1tr1!1on by UCIL dw1110 ~000 01
Turarn<J1h deposit wa s ril ;,innrJd by lJ CII lo br, upwrotl with a prcHXJHts pl,.rnt o f
capJ<.lly 3000 tpd in the year 181l2 IM
Vl/ork ;;it 1 urc1rn<J1h d1sco nt1111K:d 1rI 1111: yr::ir 1(JfJ2 ,J t1d rrn tiiH:qw,ritly n:<Jp(:irtHJ r1n
26th !JE:cr:rnb<H 200 1 to ;Jc;l11evr: <;;Jp;H:1ty to p r<Jd1H;u 7!1<! tpd 11 1 lw<1 pl'1;ir;r:';
The work o f rc; oprmin{J o f T1 ir :JJ11rJll1 rnirir: h ;1r-1 brJ<:1I c;;1tnqori1<:d 1111,, ttw ,<: r;t;irJ<::;
Stage 1 Mohrlrsat,on, lnstall;J t1 ori of p11rnrm etc arid dowatr:nrt(J ()f c1ld wr1rk1r1qs
Stage-2 Exploration ancJ ,J0velopmr;nl In w;,.iotn arid ore: I JrorJur;tion of inr,icJ<:ntal
ore and transportation of the om to J<.1 dui:)u<fo Mill
Stage-3 Production of ore @ 1000 tons per d;Jy

Location and Accessbility

Turamdih uranium deposit(22° 43'N. 86° 12'[: ) is located in the Cast Singhbt1um
district of Jharkh and state at a distancP. of about 5 km south of Ta tanaga r railway
station arid Jadug uda Mine of Uranium Corporation of India Ltd (UCIL a public
sector enlf:rprise under Department of Atomic Enr~rgy) is ~ituated at about 25 km
southeast to this deposit. TatanarJar is the nea rest rail •hAad and the Howrah -
:atanager line passes adjacent to the northern part of nIe deposit.

Explordtion History

Geological Survey of India first reported uranium minerali sation at TurarmJ1h

during 1965. Atomic Minerals Directorate and Exploration (AMD) took up th e
detailed exploration in the area duriwJ 1979. The exploration of the area ca rried
out by different agencies has been briefly described in th e following tc1ble- 1
Exploration status of the deposit

Period Agency Exploration activity

Indicated presence of
uranium ineralization
during radiometric
logging of boreholes drilled
for exploration of copper
1965 - 70 Geological Survey of India dP-posit
Uranium ineralization
overlies the copper ore
body of the area
 Total meterage of 7961 m
of Diamond core drrllrng In
58 Nos of bore holes
Holes have been drrlledon
Secti on lines at a distance
of 120 m across the ore
body strike
1983 Atomic Mine, al Division
Few tn-ftlhng drilling in
Between the sections to
Confirm continuity of
Mineralisation.
Radiometric logging of the
Bore holes to assess the
Thickness and quality.

Geology
Turamdih uranium deposit forms a part of western portion of the Singhbhum
Shear Zone . Feldspathic-schist, chlorite sericite schist with magnetite, apatite
and quartzite are the host rocks for uranium mineralisation , which belongs to the
Dalbhum Formation of Proterozoic age (1.48-1.58 Ga; Misra and Johnson ,
2005) . Uranium in the form of mineral uraninite is disseminated within the
schistose rocks and appears to follow the foliation planes . The general litho-
stratigraphic succession as observed from bore hole data is as follows.

Recent -alluvium
Proterozoic - Quartzite
Fedspathic quartz-chlorite schist mineralized
Chlorite- seritite schist zone

Geological Setting

Turamdih uranium deposit falls in the west-central part of the Singhbhum

Shear Zone . Feldspathic-schist , chlorite sericite schist with magnetite, apatite
and quartzite are the host rocks for uranium mineralisation, which belong to the
Dalbhum Formation of Proterozoic age (1.48-1 .58 Ga; Misra and Johnson ,
2005). This mineralised (Cu-U) stretch is a part of the 160 km arcuate belt known

(, I J
as Singhbhum Shear Zone, outstanding for its geological attributes and extensive
mining activities .

Chlorite-schist and feldspathic-quartzite-schist are the two major

predominant lithounits hosting uranium mineralisation at Turamdih . The overlying
quartzite horizon with NW-SE elongation is largely unmineralised . Quartzite and
sericite schists are hanging wall and footwall marker horizons of uranium
mineralisation respectively. Uranium mineralisation represented by uraninite is
generally associated with the oxides like magnetite and Ilmenite.

Uranium Mineralisation and ore reserve

Uranium mineralisation of the Singhbhum Shear Zone may be described as veins

or disseminated type and stratabound at places but the ultimate concentration is
shear controlled as it is indicated by micro-folding and other structural features
The geometry and structure of the ore body as interpreted by UCIL/AMD,
DCPL/Seltrust Engineering Limited and UCIL/MECL have been briefly discussed
as follows.

Present development is carried out as per UCIL and MECL defined ore body.
Some of the salient features of Turamdih deposit as per MECL are as below.
1.The deposit consist of 6 lenses namely Lode-1,Lode-2,Lode-3,Lode-4,Foot
wall lode-A, foot wall lode-B , showing large variation in continuity in strike,
depth, thickness , grade and inclination.
2.The effect of faults was not found and hence, not considered anywhere in the
interpretation of lenses and their continuity.

Mine Planning past.and present.

The Mine planning is broadly divided into two sections
1. Mine Layout
2. Mining methods.
Turamdih Mine has at present four main entries. At present underground
development work is largely concentrated at 1st (110mRL) level and 2nd level
rd
(75mRL) and 3 level at (40mRI) and 4 th decline is under development. The mine
uses trackless mining system with diesel vehicles for different purpose and
follows cut and fill (room pillar) method of mining. The details are as follows : -

i. a0 Decline Entry:
The mine has at present 11
incline roadwc1y of Sm X lain entry th rough 8 degree Access Decline Thi s Is an
service route of ti 3 rn cross secti on from surface This will be th e ma, n
1
( 11 0MRL) before : mine . Thrs had Jlread y been deve loped up to the Isl level
1
(40MRL) T l 111 e-openrng ;:i nd hns Jlrec1dy been developed up to 3'r1 leve l
· le 4 decline (to rc;:ich 4 111 level J I 0m f~L) Is 1mder progress

ii Vertical Service Shaft (5m diameter concrete lined)

This wrll be th e main production shaft in future The sha ft had been
sunk upto 97111 depth before closure of th e project in 1992 After reopening ,n
November 2001 th e shaft is bemg deepe ned from surface & has already crossed
3rd level (40MRL) . Present depth as on toda y is 241 meters

iii. Central Ventilation shaft.

The central ventilation shaft has been connected at central part of the deposit at
st
110M RL (1 level) . One PV160 model 150HP capacity fan has been installed in
the central ventilation shaft bottom at first level.

iv. Ventilation shaft.

The western ventilation shaft has been connected at the western end of the
deposit at 110 RL (1 st level). One PV160 model 150HP capacity fan has been
installed in this ventilation shaft top at surface. In future eastern ventilation shaft
shall be developed .

v. Linear development
After reopening a total linear development of 20655.25 meters was achieved
.Production of ore from the mines started from the month January 2003 and
since then Mining of ore is continuing in all lodes except FW-A lode. All the
raises , Ore pass , winze is being developed by MECL.

......................................................................
 .-
--~-~i!l.l'C:;__"111!l!_______________,

'I. BANDUHURANG MINE: AN OVERVIEW

J l;. _:- -=-

Introduction :-

Band uhu ra ng Mines of Uranium Corporation of India Limited is located in

Sing hbhurn ( E) district of Jharkhand . Th e ore deposit is bounded between
la t itu de 22°431 1 s11 N to 22°4 3l 4 511 N and longitudes 86°9 145 11 E to 86° 11 13011E,
6 km away from Tatanag ar railway station , falling within Survey of Indi a
Toposheet No . 73 J/ 2 . Atomic Mineral Directorate ha s provided the detailed
nd
prospecting data to UCIL in the year 1987 . The mine was started on 22
Augu st ,2005 by taking the first cut removing over burden. The Mines is
being worked o n w ith dumper shovel comb ination with 6m bench height and
pra ct icing deep hole blasting technique .

Approach Map

N
..
t

(_I~)
 'h--------~------------==------------'-'="~--=~~m:>•~111'='71
TECHNICA i .. t\SPFC'TS :

I. Ge o lo !Y of tlw de Josil :-
(A ) Geologic al selling :-

T he occurre nce of ura nium min erali satio n in Singhbhum shear zone
has re sul ted i nto open in g of a nu mber of ura nium m ines with in t hi s shea r
zo ne v iz. Jad ug uda , Bh at in, and Narwapa har from east t o w est . This hori zon
of ch loritic schists is bo rd ered on th e sou th by an arkosic rock whi ch at places
has unde rg o ne soda m et aso m atism g ivi ng rise to sod a granit e . The gene ral
trend of fo lding in Banduhurang deposit is WNW - ES E wit h limbs of th e fold s
being asymm et rical.

(B) Lithology & Mineralis ation :-

The main host ro ck are quartz-chlorite-sericite schist and feldspathic

I
sch ist. The occurrence of feldspathic schist is more frequent and prom inent
on the western part of the deposit whereas it is almost insignificant on the
eastern part where chlorite sch ist is dominant. The geological study of the
area broadly reveals that uranium mineralisation is confined with in ch lorite
~ and feldspathic chlorite schist while the sericite quartz schist is devoid of any
. radioactivity and appear to act as a footwall limit of uran ium mineralisation .

II The most common radio -active mineral associated with mineral isation is
uraninite . Uraninite
modes :
invariably occurs as discrete grains in three different

.
•
"
i) As inclusion in single flakes of chlorite

ii) In the folia of phyllosilicate

iii) As larger grains

Petrologically the shape of the uranium grains disposed with rounded

oval andirregular outlines. No particular affinity has been recorded for
uraninite with resp ect to its association with the major minerals . Howev er, it
is m ostly associated with most abundant chlorite and less with qu artz . Other
radioactive fT' inerals of less significance include uraniferous goeth ite and
epidote . Th e study of bore hole cores reveal s that uraniferous goethite might
have been form ed due to ox idation upto a depth of 30m .It has already been
mentioned t hat uranium mineralisation is mostly confined w it hin th e chloritic
rocks, howev er, occurrence of uran ium in felspathi sed schi st is not
uncommon . Th e demarcation of u ranium horizon from a non - uran ium bea ring
formation 1s difficult on the basis of lithology . However, it is know n that the
uranium minerali sation is alway s bottomed by t alc- sericite schi st can be
considered as a guid eline for identifir.ati on of mineralisati o n .

(1S)
 ..
(C') Gcolo •il-al structm·l' :-

. The cross fold s affect Bandutiurang / Turn mdih und th e neig hbori ng
~rea with a trend of WNW to ESE lloving c1syrnmelr ica l fo ld lim b. Steeper
limbs dip 7 0 ° to verti cal and oth er d ip from 10° to 45° , both limbs dip
northwa rds . Plun ge of fold i - t o tile cu~l.
T he tra nsver . . th rust fou lt <1t lh c eusl ern _1dc ec1us1nq di slocation
and up th row th e continuity of min er<1 li sc1 ti on fu rth er e<1sl wards.
There are thr· e set of joi nts
4 7° toward s N 28°
•• 65° towards Nl 18°
81 ° toward s 297°

2. Gcoph ·sical l':\!Jloration & (htality <.'ontrol_:-

For betterm ent of quality co ntrol utmost care has to be t aken while
exploration . Fo ll owi ng steps for exploration have bee n impleme nted so as to
demarcate ore blocks accurately.

(A) Geophysical exploration:-

(i) _Exploratorv hole logging :-

Bench height for ore benches at Banduhurang is 6m . Ex plorato ry hole

markings are given on the bench top with respect to Geolog ical and Mining
plan . Then exploratory holes of varied lengths ranging from 6m t o 30m are
drilled vertically on floor at this points. Impact pressure of d ri lling is being
monitored for maintaining drill angle accuracy avoiding deviati on . These
holes are then logged at 15cm interval using exploratory hole logg ing probe
fitted with Geiger Muller detector and the cuttings (sludge) from these ho les
are collected wfter flu shing of hole for physical and chemical assay . Logging
result i~ correlated with physical and chemical assay results and finally ore
boundary for a particular bench is marked . Coordinates for ore boundary
thus obtained are record ed for future reference .

Bench top marking:-

.
~
'
(ii)

Once th e ore boundary for a particul ar bench is obtained it is r·e ·Hi y for
production . For thi s, the boundary is physically m arked on th e bench top
referring th e exp loratory hol e logging reports so th at production dril iing for
taking blast m ay be perform ed upor. tilat ben ch .

...
. ~
 (8) QuaJitv control:-

Following quality co ntrol m easures are adopted

(i) Blast holl' logging:-

B~nch height for ore benches is 6m and hence 6 .6m long holes (Average) are
drilled as per drilling pattern to t ake blast upon that particular ben ch. Before
blasting these ho les are logged with logg ing probe and the average grade for
that particul ar zone is ca lculated . In thi s way the g rade of entire zone to be
blasted is known before blasting thereby minimizin g the chances of dilution .

(ii) Bench face / muck scanning: -

After blasting a parti cu lar ore zo ne . the resulting mu ck exposed face of

bench is sca nn ed using Shielded probe which is again fitted with Geiger-
Mull er detector. This helps in calculating the grade of blasted m uck and
connecting the exposed ore in bench face with the ore bou ndary ( Both
hangwall and footwall) already marked on bench top .

il (iii) Oualit)· control of ROM :-

The we ll fragmented ore muck resulting out of blasting is again scanned at

Bulk Ura nium Ore ana lyzer equipped with 06 numbers of Sci ntil lation
detectors during transportation of ore in dumpers. This helps in maintaining
quality o f o:--e to before processing. Al l the instrum ents used in exploration
and qua :,::./ -:::r ntrol are being calibrated regularly .
I

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Figure 2 - S-C fabric laterally changing to asymmetric folds

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Figure 3 - Sheath folds

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~ Cf-.11: KAL o " E R\/ \ f W OF T I IE

C:- T Ul)'-f /l t-.. f fl