Controlling GameObjects using Components

Controlling GameObjects
using components
• Accessing components
• Accessing other objects
• Linking GameObjects with variables
• Finding GameObjects by Name or Tag
• Exercise (Game Setting)

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Controlling GameObjects using Components

controlling GameObjects
using components

Controlling GameObjects using components

Controlling GameObjects using components

• In the Unity Editor, you make changes to Component properties using the
Inspector

• For the most part, scripting is also about modifying Component properties to
manipulate GameObjects

• The difference, though, is that a script can vary a property’s value gradually
over time or in response to input from the user

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Controlling GameObjects using Components

accessing components

accessing components

accessing components
• The simplest and most common case is where a script needs access to other
Components attached to the same GameObject

• a Component is actually an instance of a class

• to get a reference to the Component instance you want to work with, this is
done with the GetComponent function

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Controlling GameObjects using Components

accessing components

PlayerController (Script)
implements
Player (GameObject) PlayerController (Script) MonoBehaviour (Base Class)
has
implements
private Rigidbody rb; Behaviour (Components that can be enabled or disabled)
has implements
implements
public void AddForce(Vector3 force);
has Component 
void Start() (Base Class for everything attached to GameObjects)
{ has
Rigidbody rb = GetComponent<Rigidbody>();
} public T GetComponent<T>();

has type implements

void FixedUpdate() Object (Base Class for all objects Unity can reference)
{
…
rb.AddForce (movement * speed);
}

accessing other objects

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Controlling GameObjects using Components

accessing other objects

accessing other objects

• Although they sometimes operate in isolation, it is common for scripts to keep
track of other objects

linking GameObjects with variables

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Controlling GameObjects using Components

linking GameObjects with variables

linking GameObjects with variables

• The most straightforward way to find a related GameObject is to add a public
GameObject variable to the script

accessing other objects

accessing other objects

public class CameraController : MonoBehaviour
{
public GameObject player;
private Vector3 offset;

// Start is called before the first frame update
void Start()
{
offset = transform.position ‐ player.transform.position;
}

// Update is called once per frame
void LateUpdate()
{
transform.position = player.transform.position + offset;
}
}

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Controlling GameObjects using Components

accessing other objects

accessing other objects

accessing other objects

accessing other objects

public class PlayerController : MonoBehaviour
{
public float speed;
private Rigidbody rb;

private int count;

public Text countText;
public Text winText;
...

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Controlling GameObjects using Components

accessing other objects

accessing other objects

accessing other objects

accessing other objects

• You can now drag an object from the scene or Hierarchy panel onto this
variable to assign it

• The GetComponent function and Component access variables are available for
this object as with any other

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Controlling GameObjects using Components

finding GameObjects by Name or Tag

finding GameObjects by Name or Tag

finding GameObjects by Name or Tag

• It is always possible to locate GameObjects anywhere in the Scene hierarchy as
long as you have some information to identify them

• Individual objects can be retrieved by name using

the GameObject.Find function:

• An object or a collection of objects can also be located by their tag using the
GameObject.FindWithTag and GameObject.FindGameObjectsWithTag functions

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Controlling GameObjects using Components

finding GameObjects by Name or Tag

finding GameObjects by Name or Tag

GameObject player;

void Start() 
{
player = GameObject.Find("MainHeroCharacter");
}

finding GameObjects by Name or Tag

finding GameObjects by Name or Tag

GameObject player;
GameObject[] enemies;

void Start() 
{
player = GameObject.FindWithTag("Player");
enemies = GameObject.FindGameObjectsWithTag("Enemy");
}

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Controlling GameObjects using Components

exercise

Controlling GameObjects using components

GameObject Main Camera

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Controlling GameObjects using Components

Controlling GameObjects using components

CameraController.cs
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class CameraController : MonoBehaviour

{
public GameObject player;
private Vector3 offset;

// Start is called before the first frame update
void Start()
{
offset = transform.position ‐ player.transform.position;
}

// Update is called once per frame
void LateUpdate()
{
transform.position = player.transform.position + offset;
}
}

Controlling GameObjects using components

GameObject Player

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Controlling GameObjects using Components

PlayerController_GameSetting.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class PlayerController_GameSetting : MonoBehaviour

{
private Rigidbody rb;

public GameSetting gameSetting;

// Start is called before the first frame update
void Start()
{
rb = GetComponent<Rigidbody>();
}

PlayerController_GameSetting.cs
// Called before performing any physics calculation void OnTriggerEnter(Collider other)
void FixedUpdate() {
{ if (other.gameObject.CompareTag("Pick Up"))
if (gameSetting.status == "play") {
{
other.gameObject.SetActive(false);
float moveHorizontal = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");
float moveVertical = Input.GetAxis("Vertical"); gameSetting.PickUpCount();
}
bool jumpDown = Input.GetKeyDown("space"); if (other.gameObject.CompareTag("Obstacle"))
Vector3 movement; {
gameSetting.HealhtCount();
if (jumpDown)
{ }
movement = new Vector3(moveHorizontal,  }
gameSetting.playerJump, moveVertical);
}
else
{
movement = new Vector3(moveHorizontal, 0.0f, 
moveVertical);
}

rb.AddForce(movement * gameSetting.playerSpeed);
}
}

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Controlling GameObjects using Components

Controlling GameObjects using components

Prefab Pick Up

Controlling GameObjects using components

Prefab Pick Up

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Controlling GameObjects using Components

Controlling GameObjects using components

PickUpController_GameSetting.cs
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class PickUpController_GameSetting : MonoBehaviour

{
private GameObject gameSetting;
private float pickUpXRotation;
private float pickUpYRotation;
private float pickUpZRotation;

void Start()
{
gameSetting = GameObject.Find("Game Setting");
pickUpXRotation = gameSetting.GetComponent<GameSetting>().pickUpXRotation;
pickUpYRotation = gameSetting.GetComponent<GameSetting>().pickUpYRotation;
pickUpZRotation = gameSetting.GetComponent<GameSetting>().pickUpZRotation;
}

// Update is called once per frame
void Update()
{
transform.Rotate(new Vector3(pickUpXRotation, pickUpYRotation, pickUpZRotation) * Time.deltaTime);
}
}

Controlling GameObjects using components

GameObject Game Setting (Empty GameObject)

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Controlling GameObjects using Components

GameSetting.cs
using System.Collections; public class GameSetting : MonoBehaviour

using System.Collections.Generic; {
public int numberOfLives;
using UnityEngine; private int health;
using UnityEngine.UI;
public int targetNumberOfPickUps;
using UnityEngine.SceneManagement; private int count;

public Text countText;
public Text healthText;
public Text statusText;

public bool pause;

public string status;

public float countdown;

public string nextScene;
public string loseScene;

public float playerSpeed;

public float playerJump;

public float pickUpXRotation;

public float pickUpYRotation;
public float pickUpZRotation;

GameSetting.cs
// Start is called before the first frame update public void PickUpCount()
void Start() {
{ count++;
count = 0; SetCountText();
SetCountText(); if (count >= targetNumberOfPickUps)
{
health = numberOfLives;
status = "win";
SetHealthText();
}
pause = !pause; }
PauseScene();

status = "play"; public void HealhtCount()

} {   
if (health > 0)
{
private void SetCountText() health = health ‐ 1;
{ }
countText.text = "Count : " + count.ToString(); if (health <= 0)
} {
status = "lose";
}
private void SetHealthText() SetHealthText();
{ }
healthText.text = "Health : " + health.ToString();
}

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Controlling GameObjects using Components

GameSetting.cs
// Update is called once per frame private void ExitGame()
void Update() {
{ #if UNITY_EDITOR
if (Input.GetKeyDown("escape")) UnityEditor.EditorApplication.isPlaying = false;
{ #else
ExitGame(); Application.Quit();
} #endif
}
if (Input.GetKeyDown("p"))
{
PauseScene(); public void PauseScene()
}
{
if (status == "win") if (pause)
{ {
string message = "Congratulation !!! You Win !!!\nGoing to next scene  Time.timeScale = 1;
in " + countdown.ToString("0") + " seconds"; statusText.text = "";
SetCountDown(message, nextScene);
pause = false;
}
}
else
if (status == "lose")
{
{
string message = "You Lose !!!\nGoing to restart in " +  Time.timeScale = 0;
countdown.ToString("0") + " seconds"; statusText.text = "Pause";
SetCountDown(message, loseScene); pause = true;
} }
} }

GameSetting.cs
private void SetCountDown(string message, string scene) public void ChangeScene(string sceneDestination)

{ {
if (countdown > 0) SceneManager.LoadScene(sceneDestination);
{ }
statusText.text = message;
countdown ‐= Time.deltaTime;
}
if (countdown <= 0)
{
ChangeScene(scene);
}
}

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