Land Constraint: The Ineffective Use of Land

RESEARCH REPORT
English

TERM 3

WRITTEN BY:
ASHLEY JANE SONG
6-7C

SEKOLAH HIGHSCOPE INDONESIA KELAPA GADING

JAKARTA UTARA
2017 - 2018

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 PAGE OF APPROVAL

This research report titled “Land Constraint : The Ineffective Use of Land”, is written as a
requirement to get English Term Three writing score in HighScope Indonesia Kelapa Gading
Academic Year 2017-2018.

Approval date ……………….

Approved by,
English Teacher

Anastasya M Modjo Awal, S.kom.

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 PREFACE
Praise and glory to Almighty God, for only in His grace the writer can finish this Research
Report titled " Land Constraint : The Ineffective Use of Land”
This Research Report is written as a requirement to get English Term Three writing score
in HighScope Indonesia Kelapa Gading.
I would like to use this opportunity to thank:
1. Headmistress of HighScope Indonesia Kelapa Gading, Ms. Ngaisyah, MSE., for the chance
to study in this school so the writer has the chance to write this Research Report,
2. Ms. Anastasya M Modjo Awal, my English teacher for the knowledge and guidance in
finishing this Research Report,
3. Mr Saut Harapan, my Social Studies teacher for giving me the background knowledge of
problems faced by teenagers in their daily life that has helped me a lot in doing the research,
4. My beloved parents, Mr. Patrick E.S. Setiawan and Mrs. Monda Gunawan as well as my
beloved sibling Sean P. Song for their neverending love and support,
5. My dear friends and most of all my class friends in 6 - 7 C for the support, suggestions, helps
and critics all the way through, and
6. To all parties for the support and pray all these times.
The writer realises that this Research Report is not perfect yet. Constructive criticisms
and suggestions will be really appreciated by the writer.
The writer thanks you and hopes that this Research Report will be beneficial for the
readers.
Jakarta, February 2017

The Writer

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

A. Introduction

Title Page

Preface 3

Table of Contents 4

B. Body

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 5

1.1 Background 5

1.2 Research Problem 5

1.3 Research Objective 6

1.4 Research Benefit 6

CHAPTER II RESULT AND DISCUSSION 7

2.1 Theoretical Background 7

2.2 Hypothesis 8

2.3. Research Methodology: research instrument, research steps 8

2.4 Analysis (result and analysis) 9

CHAPTER III CONCLUSION 10

3.1 Conclusion 10

3.2 Recommendation 11

C. Supplementary

Bibliography

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 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of Problem

Land is used in many various ways that are helpful for human beings. Land is usually used
to build environments. Sometimes it is environments that living beings, such as animals, plants,
or humans live in. They might use it for essential needs, such as for office buildings, factories, or
housing, as well as non-essential or fun places, like parks. They may also use it for farmlands or
roads, highways, and airports.

But now, land is mostly used for human needs. It may be for the needs of men, but
sometimes, they use the land in a wrong way. Or, they might use it for a unuseful reason. This is
called ineffective land use. An example of ineffective land use is like when there are old houses
that are built wider. If it’s wider, it will be bigger, but it will also be wasting space.

But now, there are lots of countries and cities that are facing one same problem with their
land. It is called land constraint. Land constraint is also known as shortage of land. When
people use up their land too much, the land will start decreasing. If it keeps decreasing, it might
finish. If it is finished, the space will be limited and as the population grows, there will be too
many people and the land will be full and crowded.

1.2 Research Problem

The problem that we are facing here, is the problem of land constraint. There is a limit to the
amount of land we can develop for various uses. This is the result of there being scarcity of land
or shortage of land to be developed. People refer to this as land constraint. To sum all of this
paragraph up, the writer will put it into one simple question, which is :

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“How will it be if land constraint keeps affecting cities?”

1.3 Research Objective

The objectives of this study present what is to be achieved by this research. The objectives of
this report are closely related to the research problem. The objectives are as stated:

1. To conclude the result of this study and answer the research question, which is, “How will it
be if land constraint keeps affecting cities?”
2. To understand and to help others understand the causes and effects of land constraint.
3. To find out how land constraint might affect land besides using up space ineffectivley.

1.4 Research Benefit

The writer expects that the results of this research will provide benefits to readers, especially
those interested in the topic of land constraint or the ineffective use of land. The writer also
hopes that this report will be significant in the following ways:

Benefit for writer:

1. Will be able to conclude and answer the research question.
2. Will be able to understand the topic of land use and land constraint better and more in depth.

Benefit for reader:

1. Can add insight and knowledge on the topic of land constraint and land use.
2. Can understand more about land and whether it is used effectively of ineffectively.

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 CHAPTER II
RESULT AND DISCUSSION

2.1 Theoretical Background

Based on Lim Hiong Li and Lau Choon Hoon’s book, “Earth Our Home, 2nd edition”,
chapter 7, page 100, there are two reasons for land constraint. They are rising demand for land
and limited supply of land. There are three reasons behind the rising demand for land. Here is a
simple explanation about each reason :

As the human population keeps growing bigger, there are more people in the environment.
People are different and they need more space to do different activities. People use the land to
make more buildings, farms, houses, and industries for a human’s daily activities. They need to
make more houses for more people to live in, markets to buy and sell food, and others. So, as
they use the land, the space for the community becomes bigger and the spare land starts to
decrease. If the spare land is gone and all used as a space for the community and the population
is still growing, the land will be overcrowded, as it exceeds its carrying capacity.

Because the human population keeps growing, they need money to buy their needs. To get
money, they need jobs. Thus, more industries are made and developed. More people make new
industries and join industries making them bigger. This is the growth of industries. As there are
more industries and they’re growing bigger, the take up land to store their products or as office
buildings. It takes up money and land.

Now, as the population grows, the community demands more for housing. They want the
houses bigger, which will take up more land space. Thus, more land will have to be used to build
houses for the people on their demands. The three reasons stated above (population growth,
growth of industries, and increasing demand for housing) are the three reasons behind rising
demand for land.

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 Besides those reasons, there is one other main reason for land constraint, limited supply
of land. It is said on page 99 that, as the land is used for various reasons, the supply of land
keeps decreasing. As the land keep decreasing, one day, ot might be all used up and be finished. .
If it keeps decreasing and is limited, the people need to find a way to increase their supply of
land. These two reasons (rising demand for land and limited supply of land) tell why we should
not use land for useless and ineffective reasons.

2.2 Hypothesis

If the effects of land constraint affect cities because of their ineffective use of land, then the land
in a whole country might be finished and each city or country will have more people than its
original carrying capacity and become too crowded.

2.3 Research Methodology

The research of this study was held at HighScope Indonesia, Kelapa Gading, Jakarta. It
was done on the 5th of Febuary until the 10th of Febuary. The data collecting method done to
make this report is reading articles.

2.3.1 Research Instrument

The book, “Earth Our Home, 2nd edition” by Lim Hiong Li and Lau Choon Hoon helped
the writer find information about the topic, land constraint. The useful information was found in
chapter 7. It was found on pages 99, 100, 102, 104, 105, 110, and 115.

2.3.2 Research Steps

To do this research, there were a few steps to go through first. First of all was the writer
had to pick a topic. Secondly, the writer identifies and develops the topic. Then, the writer found
an article that is helpful for making the report. Then, the writer analyzed the article and made
notes. Lastly, the writer made the report.

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2.4 Data Analysis

There were lots of information to be found in the book “Earth Our Home 2nd edition” that
were compiled by the writer. As we know, on page 99-100, it is told that land constraint is a big
problem. The two main reasons for land constraint, as we know, are rising demand for land and
limited supply of land. There are three reasons behind rising demand for land. They are
population growth, increasing demand for housing, and growth of industries.

On page 102, it is told that land takes up 30% of the Earth’s surface. But, even if it is
only 30%, not all of them can be used. Some land like swamp areasare constantly waterlogged or
flooded. Land can also be unused because of mining effects and poor farming practices. Some
are also reserved for a certain use like military purposes.

Therefore, land becomes smaller and smaller. Because of this, a limited amount of land is
left over to still build more. So, it is said on page 104, 105, 110, and 115 that there is a way to
solve this problem. People need to find a way to increase their supply of land and conserve it.
This solution is what is to be presented by the writer in the next chapter.

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 CHAPTER III
CONCLUSION

3.1 Conclusion

After compiling all the research results, the writer has come to a conclusion. It is stated
on page 104, 105, and 110, that to solve the problem of land constraint, human beings need to
increase their supply of land. And there are three ways to do it.

On page 104 it is said that the first way is called land clearence. Land clearence is the
fastest and easiest way to increase the supply of land. Land clearence is a process where empty
plots of land are created for various landuses. This process may be carried out by demolishing
old buildings or doing deforestation. When the land is cleared, it can be used for other different
uses. It adds more land because the use of the land before wasn’t useful.

On page 105, the authors tell that the second way is called land reclamation. It is when
a person transforms an area covered by water (such as a lake or swamp) into dry land. It also
refers to the process of recovering land that was damaged or abandoned. There are three
common ways to reclaim land which are; landfill, empoldring, and reclaming direlict land.

Lastly, on page 110, it has been told that the last way to increase te supply of land is by
maximizing the use of existing land. Landuse can be maximized as land that couldn’t be
previously used for various purposes. This is the resut of the improvments in technology.
Because of the improvement in the technology, people now live in environments that are
originally not suitable for living.

We also can (besides increase supply of land) conserve the land. It is stated on page 115
that as a country develops, their demand for housing and facilities will naturally rise. While these
developments benefit for the people, the land should be protected. The government needs to
make plans for conserving the land. Conserving land refers to the careful use of land recources

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to ensure damage is kept to a minimum. All of those stated above, were ways to solve the
problem of land constraint.

3.2 Recommendation

As a recommendation, the writer thinks that the readers should do the following to help conserve
the land, increase land supply, and help ensure that there is less and lesser land constraint effects
towards land;

First of all, because doing the things to increase land takes a lot of time and money, try to
always conserve land. If the reader works for the government, try to get the government to think
and start planning about conserving land and increasing the supply of land if their country or city
has the problem of land constraint. Or, if the reader can, try to do what the reader can to increase
the supply of land.

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Choon Hoon, Lau, and Lim Hiong Li. “Land.” Earth Our Home 2nd Edition, Marshall
Cavendish, 2010, p.99-p.100

Choon Hoon, Lau, and Lim Hiong Li. “Land.” Earth Our Home 2nd Edition, Marshall
Cavendish, 2010, p.102

Choon Hoon, Lau, and Lim Hiong Li. “Land.” Earth Our Home 2nd Edition, Marshall
Cavendish, 2010, p.104-p.105

Choon Hoon, Lau, and Lim Hiong Li. “Land.” Earth Our Home 2nd Edition, Marshall
Cavendish, 2010, p.110

Choon Hoon, Lau, and Lim Hiong Li. “Land.” Earth Our Home 2nd Edition, Marshall
Cavendish, 2010, p.115

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