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M REPORT
PRECAST CONCRETE
AJAY S RANE
ROLL NO – 2015117
SEM 6
INTRODUCTION –
Precast concrete is a construction product produced by casting concrete in a
reusable mold or "form" which is then cured in a controlled environment, transported
to the construction site and lifted into place. In contrast, standard concrete is poured
into site-specific forms and cured on site. Precast stone is distinguished from precast
concrete using a fine aggregate in the mixture, so the final product approaches the
appearance of naturally occurring rock or stone.
Precast (panels) are only used within ranges of exterior and interior walls.
Compressed in concrete and stone, creating a solid but maneuverable wall or face.
By producing precast concrete in a controlled environment (typically referred to as a
precast plant), the precast concrete is afforded the opportunity to properly cure and
be closely monitored by plant employees. Using a precast concrete system offers
many potential advantages over onsite casting. Precast concrete production
performed on ground level, which helps with safety throughout a project. There is
greater control over material quality and workmanship in a precast plant compared to
a construction site. The forms used in a precast plant can be reused hundreds to
thousands of times before they have to be replaced, often making it cheaper than
onsite casting when looking at the cost per unit of formwork.
o Fast construction
o Economic production
o Standardized cross-section
o Good strength to weight ratio
o Smooth surface finishes
Use of Precast concrete in Cladding:
The backing concrete is made from an ordinary mix, whereas the façade
may consist of a special mix, e.g. white Portland cement. A great variety
of forms, details and colours can be produced.
Because precast concrete can be cast at ground level in factory conditions, it has
these added features:
1. Better Finishes:
Better finishes can be obtained with precast concrete because the inside surface of
the mould is kept in good condition. There is no grout loss, such as that from badly
fitting formwork, which results in poor quality concrete like shown below.
By careful selection of materials and finishing processes, a wide range of high quality
finishes can be obtained.
In both cases there is considerable amount of finishing work to be carried out. This is
often less in precast than in-situ work due to the quality of the products.
The figure below shows the building structure with basic precast components. The
number of different types of precast components in these structures over the years
have become very large. But following figure shows the major types of precast
components in a building.
1. Precast Beams – There are two main categories of beams –
Internal beams – where floor loading is symmetrical
External beams – where floor loading is
predominantly unsymmetrical.
2. Precast Columns - For structures of five storeys or less, each column will
normally be continuous to the full height of the building. For structures greater
than five storeys two or more columns are spliced together
Stability