Pump

&
Types of Pumps
Pumps
 What is the pump?
 A hydrodynamic pump machine is a device
for converting the energy held by
mechanical energy into fluid
 Transfer liquid from source to destination
 Circulate liquid around a system
 What are use of Pump ?
 Used for
• Domestic, commercial, industrial and
agricultural services
• Municipal water and wastewater services
 20% of world’s electrical energy demand
 25-50% of energy usage in some
industries
 Pump Terminology
 Head
 Suction head
 Delivery head
 Velocity head
 Static head
 Manometric head
 Water power
 Shaft power
 Efficiency of pumps
 Types of pump
 The pumps can be classified according to
principle by which the energy is added to
the fluid & their design feature -
1 . Positive displacement pumps
2 . Roto dynamic pumps
3 . Other pumps
 Positive Displacement pump

 These pumps are operate on the principle

of the definite quantity of liquid is
discharged or displaced due to the
positive or real displacement of working
element ( like piston ,gear, vane, screw)
 Positive Displacement pump
1 . Reciprocating pumps :-
a. Piston pumps :-
- single cylinder
- double cylinder
b. Plunger pumps :-
c. Bucket pumps / hand pumps :-

2 . Rotary pumps :-
a. Gear pumps .
b. Vane pumps .
c. Screw pumps .

3 .Other pumps :-
- Jet pump .
-Air lift pump.
 Reciprocating pump

 Reciprocating pump is a positive

displacement pump. In this pump the
liquid is discharge due to the simple to
and fro motion or reciprocating motion
of the piston or plunger working in the
cylinder of the pump. Hence ,it is called
Reciprocating pump .
Classification of Reciprocating
pump
1. Based on reciprocating member of the pump.
a . Piston pump
b . Plunger pump
c . Bucket pump
2. Based on action of liquid upon the piston ends
a . Single acting pump
b . Double acting pump
3. Based on method of drive
a . Direct acting pump
b . Power pump
 Roto dynamic pumps
 These pumps operate on the principle of
the rise in pressure energy of liquid by
dynamic action of liquid. The dynamic
action of liquid is carried out by
revolving wheel which has curved vanes
on it. This wheel is known as impeller.
 Roto dynamic pumps
1 . Centrifugal pumps :-
a. Single stage
b. multi stage
2 . Propeller (Axial flow) pumps :-
3 . Mixed flow pumps :-
 Centrifugal pumps
 If mechanical energy is converted
into means of centrifugal force acting
on the fluid , for conveying liquids from
one place to
other such
device is called
centrifugal pump
 Centrifugal pumps

 Main parts of a Centrifugal pumps :-

1 . Impeller
2 . Casing Volute

3 . Suction pipe with

foot valve &
a stainer
Impeller Suction
4 . Delivery pipe
Construction of Centrifugal
Pumps
How the centrifugal pump works
 Liquid forced into
impeller
 Vanes pass kinetic
energy to liquid:
liquid rotates and
leaves impeller
 Volute casing
converts kinetic
energy into pressure
energy
How the centrifugal pump works
 Types of centrifugal pump
1 . Based on type of casing :-
a . Volute or spiral casing type pump
b . Vortex or whirlpool chamber type pump
c . Diffuser type(casing with guide blades)
2 . Based on no of stage :-
a . Single stage
b . Multi stage
- Impeller in series
- Impeller in parallel
 Rotary pump
 Rotary pumps are positive displacement
pumps. It consists of a fixed casing with a
rotor which may be in the form of gears ,
vanes , lobes , screws , cams etc .
 Both centrifugal and rotary pumps by
circular motion of rotor , but they work
on different principle .
 It is suitable for pumping viscous fluids
like vegetable oil , lubricating oil , alcohol
, grease , tar etc .
Classification of Rotary pump
 Rotary pump can be classified according
to the type of rotating elements in the
fixed casing .
 There are main three type of rotary
pump .
1 . Gear pump
2 . Vane pump
3 . Screw pump
Any Question ?

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