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Section I
1 æ 1 ö
1. a. Required To Calculate: 4 - ç1 ´ 3 ÷
5 è 9 ø
Calculation:
1 æ 1 ö
4 - ç1 ´ 3 ÷
5 è 9 ø
1 æ 10 ö
= 4 - ç ´ 3÷
5 è9 ø
1 10
=4 -
5 3
1 1
= 4 -3
5 3
21 10
= -
5 3
3(21) - 5(10 )
=
15
63 - 50
=
15
13
=
15
13
= (in exact form)
15
(ii) 9k 2 - 1
= (3k ) - (1) 2
2
(ii) Required To Find: an equation which may be used to find the value of x.
Solution:
Total score = 39 points
\ x + ( x - 3) + 2( x - 3) = 39
x + x - 3 + 2 x - 6 = 39
4 x - 9 = 39
4 x = 48
and x = 12
3. a. Data: Venn diagram illustrating the students in a class who study Music and /or
Dance.
Solution:
(i) Required To Calculate: the number of students who take both Music and
Drama.
Calculation:
n(M ) = 24 (data)
\ 3 x + x = 24
4 x = 24
and x = 6
And n(M Ç D ) , that is number of students who take both Music and
Dance = 6
(ii) Required To Calculate: the number of students who take Drama only.
Calculation:
Hence
n(D only) = 13
That is, the number of students who take Dance only = 13
2
b. Data: Line with gradient passes through P (-3, 5)
3
(i) Required To Find: the equation of the line through P (-3, 5) and with
2
gradient .
3
Solution:
Equation of line is
y -5 2
=
x - (- 3) 3
3 y - 15 = 2 x + 6
3 y = 2 x + 21
2
y = x+7
3
2
is of the form y = mx + c , where m = and c = 7 .
3
(ii) Required To Prove: the above line is parallel to the line 2 x - 3 y = 0
Solution:
2x - 3y = 0
3y = 2x
2
y= x
3
2
is of the form y = mx + c , where m = is the gradient.
3
2
Hence y = x + 7 and 2 x - 3 y = 0 are parallel since they both have the
3
æ 2ö
same gradient ç = ÷ and parallel lines have the same gradient.
è 3ø
4. Data: Diagrams of
= 225ph cm 3
= 56.25ph cm 3
= 4(56.25ph )
So we see that the medium pizza has 4 times the volume of a small pizza.
So that statement – A medium pizza is twice as large as a small pizza is
INCORRECT.
b. Data: The prices for each slice of a medium pizza and for one small pizza.
Required To Find: Whether it is better to buy 1 medium pizza or 4 small
pizzas.
Solution:
1
Cost of medium pizza = $15.95
3
\ Cost of an entire medium pizza = $15.95 ´ 3
= $47.85
(iii) Required to identify: the type of transformation that maps DDEF onto
DD¢¢E ¢¢F ¢¢
Solution:
æ 0ö
Translation =çç ÷÷
è -5 ø
DDEF ¾¾ ¾ ¾ ¾¾® DD¢E ¢F ¢ ¾¾ ¾ ¾ ¾
Reflection in x = 4
¾® DD¢¢E ¢¢F ¢¢
Hence DDEF ¾¾ ¾ ¾¾® DD¢¢E ¢¢F ¢¢
Glide reflection
c. Data: Stick 1.8 m casts a shadow 2 m long.
a = 41.9°
a = 42° ( to the nearest degree)
1
b. Data: f ( x ) = x+5 g (x ) = x 2
2
=9+9
= 18
=4
fg (2 ) = f (4 )
1
= (4 ) + 5
2
= 2+5
=7
7. Data: Table showing the height of 400 applicants for the police service.
a. Required To Draw: the cumulative frequency curve of heights given in the table.
Solution:
The data shows a Continuous variable and we create the table as:
(iii) Required to estimate: the height that 25% of the applicants are less than
Solution:
25
25% of the applicants = ´ 400
100
= 100
100 applicants are less than 162 cm (read off).
(iv) Required To Estimate: the probability that a randomly selected applicant
has a height no more than 162 cm.
Solution:
P( applicant’s height is no more than 162 cm)
No. of applicants £ 162 cm
=
No. of applicants
100
=
400
1
=
4
23 (0 ´ 3 ) + (3 ´ 2) + 2
2 8
33 (1 ´ 4 ) + (3 ´ 3) + 2
2 27
43 (2 ´ 5 ) + (3 ´ 4) + 2
2 64
53
(i) 63 (6 - 2) ´ (6 + 1)7 + (3 ´ 6) + 2
= (4 ´ 7 2 ) + (3 ´ 6 ) + 2
216
! ! !
(ii) 10 3 (10 - 2) ´ (10 + 1)2 + (3 ´ 10) + 2
1000
( )
= 8 ´ 112 + (3 ´ 10 ) + 2
! ! !
(iii) n3 (n - 2) ´ (n + 1)2 + (3 ´ n ) + 2 n3
Required to prove: (a - b ) (a + b ) + ab(a + b ) = a 3 + b 3
2
b.
Proof: L.H.S.
(a - b )2 (a + b ) + ab(a + b )
( )
= a 2 - 2ab + b 2 (a + b ) + ab(a + b )
= a 3 - 2a 2b + ab 2 + a 2b - 2ab 2 + b 3 + a 2b + ab 2
= a 3 + b3
= R.H.S.
Q.E.D.
Section II
( )
= a x 2 + 2bx + b 2 + c
= ax 2 + 2abx + ab 2 + c
Equating the coefficient of x 2
a = 5 ÎÂ
Equating the coefficient of x
2(5)b = 2
1
b= ÎÂ
5
Equating constants
2
æ1ö
5ç ÷ + c = -7
è5ø
1
+ c = -7
5
1
c = -7 Î Â
5
2
æ 1ö 1
\ 5 x + 2 x - 7 º 5ç x + ÷ - 7
2
è 5ø 5
OR
5x 2 + 2 x - 7
æ 2 ö
= 5ç x 2 + x ÷ - 7
è 5 ø
1 æ2ö 1
Half the coefficient of x is ç ÷=
2è5ø 5
æ 2 1 ö
= 5ç x 2 + x + ÷
è 5 25 ø
1
= 5x 2 + 2 x +
5
1
-7
5
-7
2
æ 1ö 1
= 5ç x + ÷ - 7
è 5ø 5
is of the form a( x + b ) + c , where
2
a = 5ÎÂ
1
b = ÎÂ
5
1
c = -7 Î Â
5
OR
2
1 æ 1ö æ 1ö
At minimum point x = - and y = 5ç - ÷ + 2ç - ÷ - 7
5 è 5ø è 5ø
1
= -7
5
1 1
y min = -7 at x = -
5 5
c. Required To Solve: 5 x 2 + 2 x - 7 = 0
Solution:
5x 2 + 2 x - 7 = 0
(5 x + 7 )(x - 1) = 0
7
\ x = 1 or -
5
OR
- (2 ) ± (2)2 - 4(5)(- 7 )
x=
2(5)
- 2 ± 4 + 140
=
10
- 2 ± 144
=
10
- 2 ± 12
=
10
14 10
=- or
10 10
2
= 1 or - 1
5
OR
5x 2 + 2 x - 7 = 0
2
æ 1ö 1
5ç x + ÷ - 7 = 0
è 5ø 5
2
æ 1ö 36
5ç x + ÷ =
è 5ø 5
2
æ 1ö 36
çx + ÷ =
è 5ø 25
Find the square root
æ 1ö 6
çx + ÷ = ±
è 5ø 5
1 6
x=- ±
5 5
-1± 6
=
5
7
= - or 1
5
c. Required To Sketch: the graph of y = 5 x 2 + 2 x - 7 , showing the coordinates of
the minimum point, the value of the y – intercept and the points where the graph
cuts the x – axis.
Solution:
When x = 0 y = 5(0 )2 + 2(0 ) - 7 = -7
7
\ Curve cuts the y – axis at (0, -7) and the x – axis at 1 and - .
5
æ 1 1ö
Minimum point = ç - , - 7 ÷
è 5 5ø
(i) Required To Calculate: The acceleration of the cyclist during the first 15
seconds.
Calculation:
Since the branch for the first 15 seconds of the journey is a straight line,
then the acceleration is constant.
40 - 0 2 2
Gradient = =2 \Acceleration = 2 ms -2
15 - 0 3 3
(ii) Required To Calculate: The distance travelled by the cyclist between
t = 15 and t = 35 .
Calculation:
(i) Required To Calculate: The average speed during the first 2 hours.
Calculation:
1
The return journey took 5 - 3
2
1
= 1 hours.
2
Total distance covered
\ Average speed =
Total time taken
12 km
=
1
1 h
2
= 8 kmh -1
(ii) Required to find: the set of 3 inequalities which define the shaded region
in the diagram.
Solution:
The region shaded is on the side with the smaller angle. Hence,
1
y £ x + 5 (including line).
6
5
The side shaded is that with the larger angle. Therefore, region is y ³ - x + 5 (including
8
line). Hence the three inequalities that define the shaded region are:
x£6
1
y £ x+5
6
5
y ³ - x+5
8
11. a. Data: P, Q are midpoints of DXYZ with XP = 7.5 cm, XQ = 4.5 cm and area of
DXPQ = 13.5 cm 2
Let PXˆQ = q
1
\ (7.5)(4.5) sin q = 13.5
2
13.5 ´ 2
\ sin q =
7.5 ´ 4.5
= 0.8
q = 53.1°
= 53° (to the nearest degree)
MJ 50
(ii) (a) = (sine rule)
sin 136° sin 22°
50 ´ sin 136°
\ MJ =
sin 22°
= 92.71 m
= 92.7 m to 1 decimal place
OR
MJ 2 = (50 ) + (50 ) - 2(50 )(50 ) cos 136°
2 2
(Cosine Rule)
MJ = 92.71
= 92.7 m to 1 decimal place
JK 92.71
(b) = (Sine Rule)
sin 22° sin 34°
92.71 ´ sin 22°
JK =
sin 34°
= 62.10 m
= 62.1 m to 1 decimal place
12. This question is not done since it involves latitude and longitude (Earth Geometry)
which has been removed from the syllabus.
b. Required To Prove: AP = x - 2 y
Proof:
AP = AD + DP
( ) (
= - 3y + x + y )
= x - 2y
Q.E.D.
1
DE = (3x )
2
AE = AD + DE
( )
1
= - 3y + 1 x
2
1
= 1 x - 3y
2
1
2
1
1 x - 3y = 1 x - 2 y
2
( )
1
= 1 AP
2
AE is a scalar multiple of AP . Therefore, AE is parallel to AP . Since A is a
common point, P lies on AE and A, P and E are collinear.
æ 2ö æ1ö
d. Data: x = çç ÷÷ and y = çç ÷÷
è0ø è1ø
Required To Prove: DAED is isosceles.
Proof:
DA = 3 y
æ 1ö
= 3çç ÷÷
è 1ø
æ 3ö
= çç ÷÷
è 3ø
\ DA = (3)2 + (3)2
= 18
1
DE = 1 x
2
1 æ 2ö
= 1 çç ÷÷
2 è0ø
æ 3ö
= çç ÷÷
è0ø
DE = (3)2 + (0)2
=3
1
AE = 1 x - 3 y
2
1 æ 2 ö æ 1ö
= 1 çç ÷÷ - 3çç ÷÷
2 è 0 ø è 1ø
æ 3 ö æ 3ö
= çç ÷÷ - çç ÷÷
è 0 ø è 3ø
æ 0ö
= çç ÷÷
è - 3ø
AE = (0)2 + (- 3)2
=3
In DAED only 2 sides, AE and DE, are equal, therefore the triangle is isosceles.
Q.E.D
æ 2 5ö
12. a. Data: M = çç ÷÷
è 7 15 ø
(i) Required To Prove: M is a non-singular matrix
Solution:
Det M = (2 ´ 15) - (5 ´ 7 )
= 30 - 35
= -5 ¹ 0
Hence, $ M -1 and so M is non-singular.
æ 2 5 ö æ x ö æ - 3ö
(iv) Required To Solve: çç ÷÷ çç ÷÷ = çç ÷÷
è 7 15 ø è y ø è 17 ø
Solution:
æ2 5ö æ x ö æ - 3 ö
çç ÷÷ çç ÷÷ = çç ÷÷
è 7 15 ø è y ø è 17 ø
´ M -1
æ2 5ö æ xö æ - 3ö
çç ÷÷ ´M -1 çç ÷÷ = M -1 çç ÷÷
è 7 15 ø è yø è 17 ø
æ xö æ - 3ö
I ´ çç ÷÷ = M -1 çç ÷÷
è yø è 17 ø
æ x ö æç - 3 1öæ - 3 ö
çç ÷÷ = 7 2 ÷ çç ÷÷
è y ø è 5 - 5 ÷ø è 17 ø
ç
æ (- 3 ´ -3) + (1 ´ 17 ) ö
ç ÷
=ç æ7 ö æ 2 ö÷
ç ç ´ -3 ÷ + ç - ´ 17 ÷ ÷
è è5 ø è 5 øø
æ 26 ö
= çç ÷÷
è - 11 ø
Equating corresponding entries
x = 26 and y = -11
b. (i) Required To Find: matrix R, which represents a reflection in the y – axis.
Solution:
æ - 1 0ö
The matrix, R, which represents a reflection in the y – axis is çç ÷÷ .
è 0 1ø
(iv) Data:
P ¾¾®
RN
P¢ , that is N first, then R second.
Required To Find: the coordinates of P¢ and P¢¢ .
Solution:
æ - 1 0 ö æ 6 ö æ (- 1 ´ 6 ) + (0 ´ 11) ö
çç ÷÷ çç ÷÷ = çç ÷÷
è 0 - 1ø è11ø è (0 ´ 6 ) + (- 1 ´ 11)ø
æ - 6ö
= çç ÷÷
è - 11ø
æ - 1 0 ö æ - 6 ö æ (- 1 ´ -6 ) + (0 ´ -11)ö
çç ÷÷ çç ÷÷ = çç ÷÷
è 0 1 ø è - 11 ø è (0 ´ -6 ) + (1 ´ -11) ø
æ 6ö
= çç ÷÷
è - 11ø
\ P¢ = (6, - 11)
P ¾¾®
NT
P¢¢
æ -3 ö
æ 6 ö T =ççè 5 ÷÷ø æ 6 - 3 ö æ 3 ö
çç ÷÷ ¾¾ ¾®çç ÷÷ = çç ÷÷
è 11 ø è11 + 5 ø è 16 ø
æ 3ö N
çç ÷÷ ¾¾® P¢¢
è16 ø
æ - 1 0 ö æ 3 ö æ (- 1 ´ 3) + (0 ´ 16 ) ö
çç ÷÷ çç ÷÷ = çç ÷÷
è 0 - 1ø è16 ø è (0 ´ 3) + (- 1 ´ 16 )ø
æ - 3ö
= çç ÷÷
è - 16 ø
\ P¢¢ = (- 3, - 16 )