Feminism On Islam’s Views and Its Impact In Social Life

A. Introduction

Thirty-five years ago, precisely on the idea in 1970, a lavish ceremony at the Royal
Albert Hall, London, was at once turned into a riot. Bob Hope, the master of ceremony,
sprayed ink, pelted with flour bombs and rotten eggs. The audience panicked, fleeing the jury
out, the contestants cry, while the raging hordes of demonstrators while shouting slogans,
"We're not beautiful. Not too bad. We are angry! (We're not beautiful. We're not ugly, we're
angry!) "Strong protest against the Miss World Beauty contest was conducted by a number of
women activists in the women's liberation movement teragabungaliasWomen Liberation
Movement. For them the event was not unlike the market is like an animal.
This paper will explore briefly about the origins of feminism (historical) sense, the basic
idea, how the Islamic perspective on this, as well as its impact on social life

B. 1. History of the emergence of feminism and It’s Definition

Itcan not be denied, the feminist movement in the West is in response to the situation and
living conditions of the people there, especially with regard to the fate and role of women. He
is also an ideology that arises from social conditions of Western culture that seeks to break
away from bonds and doktri-religious doctrine, one reason is the view of one eye toward
women, and various kinds of bad assumptions and negative image put to them. All of that has
even been manifest in social values, culture, law, economics, and politics.
For figures like Plato and Aristotle in the pre-Christian era, followed by St. Augustine, and
St. Thomas Aquinas in the Middle Ages, to John Locke, and Nietzsche in the early modern
age, the image of women memamg never equal the male view. Equated with slave women,
and children, being weak physically and his wits. Thus women in the West considered abject
creature and can not be trusted. No wonder the victims of torture committed by Christians in
the West inkusisi institutions are women. Femina comes from the word feminism, feminus
which is a combination of two words fe means faith, mina or minus means less, so Femina
mean less of faith, because the women in the West as a despicable creature that plunged the
men in the hole disobedience,
Unlike the feminists in defining feminism, according to Kamla Bhasin and Night Said
Khan, a feminist from Southeast Asia, according to them is not easy to define who can be
accepted by all feminists in all times and in all places, because it varies according to different
realities socio-cultural background of the birth of the birth of this ideology, and so are
different levels of awareness, perceptions and actions taken by feminists themselves,
nevertheless, important to define feminism itself is broad and clear, so that no
misunderstanding, even the fear of feminism, from here they define feminism with "A
consciousness of oppression and exploitation of women in society, in the workplace, and in
the family, as well as conscious action by women and men to change the situation".
According to IlyasYunhar feminism is: "Awareness of gender inequalities affecting women
in both families, and communities, as well as conscious action by women and men to change
the situation"

2. The Type Of Feminism

a. Liberal feminism
Philosophical underpinnings of this movement is that all men are created with equal
rights, and everyone should have equal opportunities to advance themselves, they assume that
these principles have not been given to women, there are two ways by liberal feminists to
achieve these objectives , namely first: Perform psychological approach by raising awareness
of individuals, among others through discussions, which discuss the experiences of women in
society that male-dominated, second: It is a demanding legal reforms that do not benefit
women, and change This law became the new regulations that treat women equal to men.

b. Marxist feminism
As a reaction to liberal feminism thinking about how to improve the status and role of
women, argues that the lagging flow by women is not caused by deliberate acts of individuals,
but as a result of social structures, political, economic, which is closely related to capitalism,
they do not women may have the same opportunity as men, if they still live in class society,
in Marxist feminist perspective, before the development of capitalism, the family is a unity of
production, all human being needs to maintain his life practiced by all family members
including women, since the development family of industrial capitalism is no longer a unity
of production, goods production activities of human needs has turned into factories, and
women are no longer in production unity, then there was a sexual division of labor, where
men worked in the public sector that is productive and economically valuable , while the
domestic work sector women who are judged not economically unproductive, because the
ownership of the material determines the value of one's existence as a result, women are in
the domestic sector is not productive rated lower compared with men who are productive
public sector.

c. Radical Feminism
This movement is thought that the main factors that cause sexual division of labor
adalahsistem patriarchal where men control women with power. This flow can be defined as
a movement that fought in the reality of sexual abuse, and less in other realities, the main
purpose of this movement is how to destroy the patriarchy as an institutionalized system of
values in society, they also believe a woman should separate the life of a man, because if
women continue to do with men, would be very difficult, even impossible to fight against
men, at least is the feeling of separation, by developing the ability to stand alone, including in
terms of sexual satisfaction.

d. Socialist Feminism
This stream is rejected Marxist classics, and did not consider the economic exploitation as
more essential than on gender oppression, women's involvement actually misleading, because
there they were made slaves, and therefore a critique of capitalism must be accompanied by
criticism of the dominance of men over women, and therefore the flow This is more focused
on women's awareness of their position of the oppressed, by way of highlighting how
women's issues are not treated humanely, confined in a gilded cage, until the woman why
should It provides coffee for their husbands, etc., with the emergence of this awareness will
make the women got up his emotions, and are collectively expected to hold a conflict with
the dominant group, more high level of unrest or conflict between women and men are
expected to undermine the system of patriarchy.

3. Feminism and Gender Equality

One of the stretcher feminists is the idea of gender equality, they demanded equal rights
between men and women in all fields, plitik, social, economic, even religious, Prior to further
discuss the concept of gender equality then first find out what is the meaning of gender itself.

a. Definition of Gender

The word "gender" is derived from English, which means it is sex. In this case, meaning
the same as the sex is sex. In Webster's New Wold Dictionary as quoted by Nasaruddin
Umar, gender is the apparent differences between men and women, in terms of values and
behavior. In the Women's Studies Encyclopedia explains that gender is a cultural concept
that attempts to make a difference in the role, behavior, mentality and emotional
characteristics between men and women who thrive in society. Ann Okley, a British
sociologist differentiate between gender and sex, the term gender differences in the
character of men and women based on cultural protection, with regard to the nature,
status, position, and its role in society. While the term sex differences appoint men and
women are biologically primarily associated with procreation and
reproduction.Characterize the sexes are biologically hardwired, permanent, and can not
be interchanged.

b. Concept of Gender Equality

The concept of gender equality is a complex concept and still be a controversial topict. Some
say that equality between men and women are similarities in the rights and obligations, but it
remains unclear in the rights and obligations as what. On the other hand there is also a gender
equality make sense of the equal partnership between men and women. But in general gender
equality demanded by feminists is equality between men and women in various aspects of life,
both in scope and in the public sector domistik. Gender equality means equality conditions of
men and women to gain the opportunities and the same rights as humans, in order to
contribute and participate in social, economic, legal and political. Gender equality has always
been associated with discrimination against women, subordination, oppression, injustice and
the like. It was with the aim to evoke emotion and sympathy toward women.
The basic assumption of gender equality is the absence of essential differences between men
and women. Although there are only around at what is often called 3M (menstruation,
childbirth and breastfeeding). 3M is, by the feminists are not considered to be not a reason a
woman should be a mother. Because women become mothers is not due to natural factors
(nature), but the result of social construction (nurture). But the fighters 50/50 gender equality
does not recognize these natural factors, so it appears in the praxis want to change the
environment so that women can match men.

4. Feminism and Gender Issues in Islam

Assumptions of feminism and gender equality, was born from the point of view and the
Western culture that are discriminatory against women. In contrast to Islam since kelahirnya
not have a problem called feminists, gender inequality, both in terms of approach and
historical texts.
The creation of woman (Eve) rather than as appendages of men (Adam), but a necessity for
empire earth menalankan function continuously and hereditary until the end of the
world.Kilafah function (al-Baqoroh: 30) and the Emirate or pemakmuran life of the world
(Hud: 61) is not seen from the perspective of gender, but rather the responsibility of man
(male and female) as an entity that was created with a capacity appropriate to the task
anddifferent from other creatures.
Therefore, since the first appearance, women have played a major role, not only by
embracing Islam and the accompanying male friend, but a fight for the Islamic da'wah with
all its potential. In addition to Abu Bakr, Khadija bint Khuwailid the Prophet's wife also is a
major funder of all the activities of Islamic da'wah. In fact, in every major event in the history
of Islam, women are always present and active there. Call it Ruqayyah bint Muhammad,
Sauda bint Zam'ah, and Umm Umarah, Medina woman who berbait in 'Aqobah. Before it all,
is Sumayyah, even the first Muslim woman who was martyred in defense of religion. In the
end, Islam has been equated the two in terms of the most urgent in relation to the purpose of
creation of this universe, that is to worship Allah SWT. Thus, worries about this
ketidaksetaran be time set aside, especially for Muslim women.

5. It’s Impact In Social Life

It's very clear, that there will be some influence or impact when the feminists brought their
ideas about equal rights in all fields, as well as they promote gender equality, khussnya in
order of social life of society, the emergence of overlapping responsibilities in the family,
which where the role of women very, very vital in educating the children who will become
the next generation in the future, what happens when a child is less affection and attention of
his mother? Very, very big impact on their personal future when it is large.Worse yet when
radical feminists that allow same-sex marriage, will nourish lesbians roam this earth, causing
delays the emergence of seeds, because they will not get offspring without the intervention of
men, as well as the glasses are very harmful to health .
Bibliography

Arif, Dr. Syamsudin, Orientalis dan Diabolisme Pemikiran, Gema Insani Press, Jakarta, 2008

Muslih, Muohammad, Bangunan Wacana Gender, CIOS, Isid, Ponorogo, 2007

Fakih, Dr. Mansour, Analisis Gender dan Transformasi Sosial, Pustaka Pelajar Ofset,
Yogyakarta, 1999

Ilyas, Ynhar, Lc,MA, Feminisme Dalam Kajian Tafsir Al-qur’an Klasik dan Kontemporer,
Pustaka Pelajar, Yogyakarta, 1995

Fahmi, Dr. Hamid Zarkasyi, Liberalisasi Pemikiran Islam (Gerakan bersama Missionaris,
Orientalis dan Kolonialis), CIOS-ISID-Gontor, Ponorogo, 2009