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AUGUST 2018
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Index
S. No Contents Page No.

1. From the Directors’ Desk 3
2. A Note from the LegalEdge Team 4
Victory Story
3. “Stay Motivated to succeed”: Aditya Krishna NLUD, NLSIU 5
Current Affairs Timeline
4. National News 6
5. International News 9
6. Banking and Economy 11
7. Appointment & Resignations 11
8. Awards and Recognitions 13
9. Obituaries 14
10. Sports News 15
11. Defence and Space 17
12. Science and Technology 19
Current Legal Knowledge
13. Legal News 19
14. Legal Affairs 19
LE Explains
15. National Register of Citizens (NRC) 24
16. Article 35A: A New-Sprung Dispute of Legitimacy 25
17. Super Moon 27
Potpourri
18. 20 Legal One Liners 28
19. Maxims and Foreign Phrases 28
20. Key Differences Between Important Concepts 29
LE Prep Assist
21. Mentor View (Mathematics) 30
22. Mentor View (English) 31
23. Prep Test - Legal Aptitude 32
24. Prep Test – Mathematics 42
Current Affairs Practice Sheet CAPS
25. Current Affairs Practice Sheet (CAPS) 44
Answer Key with Explanations
26. Answer Key with Explanations Prep Test 56
27. Answer Key with Explanations (CAPS) 61
Published by: LegalEdge Tutorials. 127, Second Floor, Zone-II, M.P. Nagar, Bhopal – 462011
Contact No: 9111555433
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From the Directors' Desk
Dear Students,
Hope you guys are doing very well. The roller coaster ride of your CLAT prep journey surely went uphill last
month, with a couple of Mocks, EssentiaLE and a lot of Evaluation Tests (ETs). It'll only get tougher from here
on, so everyone better level up :)
We took a small survey last month wherein we asked kids to review MonthLE and give suggestions and we
have implemented the following changes from this MonthLE:
1. More structured Current Affairs Timeline (with highly relevant news Emboldened)
2. Doing away with Crossword
3. Small interviews of successful students from last year.
Furthermore, we have also added a Mentor View Section, whereby two LegalEdge faculties will give tips
regarding their subjects each month. The faculties will try and answer the most common questions faced by
them from the students regarding their subjects, and they'll answer the questions to satisfaction of the
students. We really hope you like the changes made in the MonthLE. We'll also try and include more Subject
Tests from next MonthLE. Any more suggestions? We're all ears!
Adios for now. Keep preparing and All the Best for your first All India Open Mock CLAT (AIOMC) :)
Harsh Gagrani Karan Mehta

(Director, LegalEdge) (Director, LegalEdge)

A Note from the LegalEdge Team
Hello there! How are you? Studies on track? Able to devote the number of hours you promised to yourself last
week? Getting the doubts solved? Sab mast?
By now, you must have taken a few Mocks. And this would be the case with most of you, the scores and your
improvement would have been less than expected, even after regular and systematic studies. You must have
been thinking where am I going wrong? Why is my friend getting a higher score inspite of devoting less
number of hours than me? Why, even after understanding a particular topic, I'm not able to solve its questions
in the Mocks? How can I make my parents understand that I'm indeed serious about my prep? How can I
improve my performance - scores, ranks, percentile etc?
Our message - Hang on!

Keep studying like how you're studying right now. Even better- work harder, practice more, revise more, ask
more doubts! Believe it or not, we're not running a 100m race, where the one who has got an initial lead will
almost surely be the winner. We're running a Marathon, the long 42 km one- where the one who has taken the
lead has to maintain it throughout, which is indeed a BIG BIG task. This gives a lot of scope to the ones trailing
behind to slowly and gradually reduce the gap- and one day even take the place of the one who is ahead!
But would this dethroning be possible if you constantly doubt yourself and your abilities? No. Or if you've
made up your mind that your friend is plain smarter than you? No. Or if even after a lot hardwork you're not
scoring well, there is probably some problem with you only? Hell NO! So it's plain and simple - don't do these
things!
Don't underestimate yourself

Don't judge too soon - we still have eight months to go for CLAT!
And last but surely not the least - DON'T GIVE UP - EVER!
If there's one thing that years of teaching has taught the teachers of LegalEdge, it is that miracles happen! And
they happen a lot more frequently than we think. We have seen enough number of students who started low,
but kept going, kept working hard and kept improving and finally got the college of their dreams. On the
other hand, we've seen students who got complacent and casual after their initial lead, and soon were replaced
by the other, more hardworking students. Hope you know what category you wish to fall into? Right?
So again - Persevere! Have faith in yourself. There's no substitute for intense studies- so keep them going.
Occasionally take a break. Talk frequently to your parents- they'll keep you motivated. Keep a track of scores,
not to get demoralized but to check how can you improve further. Plan your day well- and stick to the plan.
And don't worry a lot if your to-do list for the day wasn't completed fully- you can always complete the
pending work tomorrow. For the rest of your life, you should be proud of how you prepared for CLAT!

Victory Story
“Stay Motivated to Succeed”: Aditya Krishna

NLSIU Bangalore and NLU Delhi, 2018
1. What made you choose a career in law?
Ans: A combination of
[a] a subtle interest in making arguments,
[b] a desire to bring change, and
[c] an unavailability to choose other career options
2. What was your revision strategy while preparing for CLAT?

Ans: I divided the five subjects into sections which were based
on my strengths and weaknesses, and further divided those into
further smaller units. Then, based on the time each smaller unit
takes, and the probability of the number of marks that unit may
carry within its subject, I ranked them in priorities. Then, I tried
to revise those, which take the highest number of marks in the
least efforts first, and so on.
I did this in the last two months. Before that, I tried to prepare a ground for this, by assessing my own strengths and
weaknesses, based on Mocks and classroom performances.
3. Were you scared of any subjects in the beginning? What did you do to overcome that?
Ans: I was dead scared of Mathematics (I still am). I didn’t overcome that, I tried to find a way out, where I could
bypass the process of learning Maths. I understood that there are four options, and then tried to get to the answer
via elimination and smart guessing. Initially it was highly inefficient, but efficiency of getting the answer right grew
slowly. By the end of the year, options were more important than the question itself, and I got it right. One benefit
was that I could get the answers in very short time, because I didn’t solve them (though I wouldn’t recommend this
strategy to each and everyone, but this was what worked for me). In the CLAT, I did 12 questions in Maths, out of
which, 11 were right, in around 13-14 minutes.
4. How did you motivate yourself to study when you didn’t perform well in your mocks?
Ans: I used to talk to the teachers, to keep my spirits up. They believed in me more than I did, they still do. This
helped a lot.
5. How instrumental has LegalEdge been to your preparation for CLAT?

Ans: That’s too much to be described in words �
6. What is your message for future CLAT aspirants?

Ans: Study hard, and study smart. Know the equilibrium between the amount of hard work and that of planning or
strategy you need to put in, and the world is yours (CLAT is yours). Some of my friends worked hard, and some
spent all the time planning. Both are futile.
Also, stay motivated. You need motivation more than anything to succeed.
Love,
Aditya Krishna. 

Current Affairs Timeline
NATIONAL NEWS on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) is a non-

Vazifdar to head Sterlite plant committee government organisation (NGO).
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) has formed a ILO report flags wage inequality in India
three-member committee to decide Vedanta’s plea The International Labour Organization (ILO)
challenging closure of its Sterlite copper plant at published “India Wage Report”. According to the
Tuticorin. The committee will be headed by former report, real average daily wages in India almost
Punjab and Haryana High Court Chief Justice S J doubled in the first two decades after economic
Vazifdar. The committee will also include reforms but low pay and wage inequality remains
representatives of the Central Pollution Control a serious challenge to inclusive growth. In 2011-12,
Board and the Ministry of Environment and the average wage in India was about Rs. 247 rupees
Forests. a day, almost double the 1993-94 figure of Rs. 128.
Prez to inaugurate “Int Buddhist Conclave”
The President of India Ram Nath Kovind will
inaugurate the “International Buddhist Conclave
(IBC), 2018” in New Delhi on 23rd August, 2018.
The Conclave is being organized by the Ministry of
Tourism in collaboration with the State
Governments of Maharashtra, Bihar and Uttar
Pradesh. The theme is “Buddha Path – The Living
Heritage”.
Armyworm spotted in Telangana
Train 18 goes for testing from September The Fall Armyworm, an agricultural pest, has now
The Indian Railways will start the testing of the been reported in the state of Telangana. The Fall
indigenously built semi-high speed “Train 18” Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is considered
from September 2018. Train 18 will be the first deadly as it has caused massive agricultural losses
engine-less train of Indian Railways meant for in several countries in Africa. The worm was first
inter-city travel. It is being manufactured by the found in Karnataka in the country and later spread
Integral Coach Factory (ICF) in Chennai. Train 18 to Tamil Nadu.
series will replace existing fleet of the Shatabdi
Express trains.
International water colour festival in Ranchi
The international watercolour festival will be
organised in Ranchi, Jharkhand. It is organised by
the Department of Tourism, Art-Culture, Sports &
Youth Affairs. The international watercolour
festival aims to bring local artists in touch with the
international art and promote the rich art and
Naya Raipur to be named Atal Nagar
culture of Jharkhand. The watercolour festival will
The Government of Chhattisgarh decided to name
come to a close on August 27, 2018.
Naya Raipur, the upcoming capital city of the
35% of cyber attacks on Indian sites
Chhattisgarh, as ‘Atal Nagar‘in memory of former
According to a report, the maximum number of
Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee. Besides the
cyber attacks on official Indian websites are from
capital, several other government institutions and
China, US and Russia. The report was prepared by
projects will be named after Vajpayee. Atal Bihari
the Indian Computer Emergency Response Team
Vajpayee served three terms as the Prime Minister
(CERT-In), which comes under the Ministry of
of India.
Electronics and Information Technology. CERT-In
Cyclone Warning Centre to be set up in Kerala
is the nodal agency which deals with cybersecurity
The Union Ministry of Earth Sciences has
threats like hacking and phishing.
announced it will set up a cyclone warning centre
ICOMOS launches an initiative in Kerala
in Kerala and boost weather forecasting in the state
The ICOMOS, a global monument conservation
with another Doppler radar. The new centre will be
body, has launched an initiative to assess the
set up in Thiruvananthapuram. At present, India
damage to the rich cultural and built heritage in
Meteorological Centre (IMD) has cyclone warning
flood-devastated Kerala. The International Council

centres only at Chennai, Vishakhapatnam, by the United Kingdom on 15th August 2018. The
Bhubaneswar, Kolkata, Ahmedabad and Mumbai. gold idol with silver inlay was one of the 14 images
Tigress released into Satkosia Tiger Reserve stole in 1961 from the Archaeological Survey of
A female tiger, brought from Madhya Pradesh’s India (ASI) site museum in Nalanda, Bihar. The
Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve was released in image was discovered by Vijay Kumar, who is
Satkosia Tiger Reserve. The name of the tigress is associated with India Pride Project.
‘Sundari’. A male tiger was also brought from Uttarakhand HC appoints itself as guardian
Madhya Pradesh’s Kanha National Park to Satkosia The Uttarakhand high court said it would act as the
Tiger Reserve. Satkosia Tiger Reserve is a tiger legal guardian of cows in the state. The court did
reserve located in the Angul district of Odisha. this by invoking the ‘parens patriae’ doctrine and is
East-Coast freight corridor to come in 2019 a doctrine that grants the court inherent power and
India’s third freight corridor is likely to come up authority to act as guardian for those who are
between Kharagpur and Vijaywada sections. The unable to take care for themselves. The court
project, which is also called the East Coast Corridor, banned slaughter of cows, bulls, bullocks, heifers or
will be 1,114 km in length and is part of the Golden calves in the state.
Quadrilateral project of Indian Railways. The Smitha tops list of India’s wealthiest women
Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Smitha V. Crishna, third-generation heir of the
Ltd has sent a proposal to Indian Railways to Godrej Empire, was ranked first in the ‘Kotak
undertake the 3rd freight corridor project. Wealth Hurun-Leading Wealthy Women 2018 list’.
11th World Hindi Conference begins Roshni Nadar, the CEO and executive director at
The 11th World Hindi Conference, an event aimed HCL, ranks second in the list. The chairperson of
at expanding the reach of the Hindi language at a the Times Group, Indu Jain, ranks third in the list.
global level, was inaugurated in Mauritius on 18th Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw, founder and MD of
August, 2018. The theme of the conference for the Biocon, ranks fourth in the list.
year 2018 is “Hindi World and Indian Culture”.
World Hindi Conference was started in 1975 to
make the Hindi language a medium of service and
knowledge.
First penguin to be born in India
India’s first Humboldt penguin was born on 15th
August at Mumbai’s Veer Jijamata Udyan. It is the
first penguin to be born in the country. Eight
Humboldt penguins were brought to Mumbai from
South Korea in July 2016. The zoo authorities will
later conduct a DNA test to find out its gender and The Unending Game by Vikram Sood
will then name it. “The Unending Game: A Former RAW Chief’s
Insights into Espionage” has been written by
Vikram Sood. Vikram Sood is the former head of
India’s foreign intelligence agency, the Research
and Analysis Wing from 2000 to 2003. The book
covers some of the most exciting aspects of
intelligence failures and successes. Currently, Sood
acts as Advisor to Observer Research Foundation.
Uttarakhand HC bans use of elephants
New panel formed on Mullaperiyar dam
The Uttarakhand High Court banned the
A special committee headed by National Water
commercial use of elephants in Corbett Tiger
Commission was formed to monitor situation in
Reserve besides restricting the number of vehicles
Mullaperiyar dam. The Cabinet Secretary
entering its ranges in a day to 100. The order came
constituted a committee chaired by chairman,
after the court was apprised that elephants were
Central Water Commission and Engineers-in-Chief
chained and ill-treated causing immense cruelty.
of Tamil Nadu and Kerala. The decision comes in
The elephants shall be temporarily kept at Rajaji
the wake of Kerala’s request to Tamil Nadu not to
National Park, Chilla.
allow the water to reach beyond 142 ft.
Permanent commission for women in armed force
UK returns stolen 12th century Buddha statue
Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced that
A 12th Century statue of Lord Buddha which was
women officers in India’s armed forces would now
stolen from India some 57 years ago was returned

have the option to take up permanent commission Geographical Indications (GI). This will increase
through the Short Service Commission. As per the awareness about intellectual property rights in the
Short Service Commission, a woman officer can country. A GI product is primarily an agricultural,
serve for 10-14 years. The Indian Air Force and the natural or a manufactured product (handicraft and
Indian Navy also grant permanent commission to industrial goods) originating from a definite
women officers. geographical territory.
Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Abhiyaan unveiled Jodhpur, Marwar cleanliest railway stations
Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced the Rajasthan’s Jodhpur and Marwar railway stations
launch of world’s largest government-funded have emerged the cleanliest among the major
programme – the Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya stations in the country. While Jodhpur secured the
Abhiyaan. It will be launched on the birth first position in A1 category stations for 2018,
anniversary of Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyay on 25th Marwar took the pole position in A category,
September. The government has decided to according to the study report released by Railway
provide 5 lakh rupees health care insurance Minister Piyush Goyal. The North Western
coverage for the poor and vulnerable. Railway (NWR) topped the list as the cleanest
Kadaknath chicken from Jhabua GI tag zone.
The famous Kadaknath chicken meat from Jhabua Pune tops Ease of Living Index 2018
district of Madhya Pradesh has now got a Pune has topped the Ease of Living Index 2018,
Geographical Indication (GI) tag. The tag denotes followed by Navi Mumbai and Greater Mumbai.
that the product comes from a particular This was announced at the launch of the Index as
geographical area, and often enhances its well as Swachh Survekshan 2019 in New Delhi on
commercial value. The Gramin Vikas Trust of 13th August 2018. The Ease of Living Index will
Krishak Bharati Cooperative had sought GI tag for help cities assess their liveability in relation to
the protein-rich and black coloured meat of global and national benchmarks.
Kadaknath variety of chicken. Nat Wildlife Genetic Resource Bank inagurated
The ‘National Wildlife Genetic Resource Bank’ was
inaugurated by Union Science and Technology
Minister Harsh Vardhan in Hyderabad This facility
would facilitate the exchange of genetic material
between Indian zoos for maintaining genetic
diversity. Wildlife Genetic Resource Banking is
the systematic collection and preservation of
tissues, sperm, eggs and embryos, genetic material.
Nepal-India Literature Festival 2018 begins
Nepal-India Literature Festival 2018 has begun in
First-ever dragonfly festival in Delhi Birgunj, Nepal on August 12, 2018. On this
The dragonfly festival is being organised from Aug occasion eminent writers from both the countries
3 to Sept 1 at World Wide Fund (WWF) auditorium, were also felicitated. Around 250 participants from
New Delhi. The aim is to spread awareness about India and Nepal are attending the two day festival.
the role of Dragonflies in maintaining a healthy The event has been organised by Nepal India Co-
ecosystem. Festival includes special events like Be operation Forum.
a scientist for a day, Date with a dragonfly etc. by Proposal for setting up of water aerodrome
WWF India and Bombay Natural History Society Civil Aviation Ministry has approved a proposal
(BNHS). for setting up of water aerodromes in the country.
Andhra, Maha top energy efficiency index In the first phase, Chilika Lake in Odisha, Sardar
Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Maharashtra, Punjab and Sarovar Dam and Sabarmati river front
Rajasthan have emerged as the ‘front-runner’ states Ahmedabad in Gujarat have been identified for
as per an energy efficiency index by the Bureau of construction of water aerodromes. Under the
Energy Efficiency (BEE). The State Energy proposal, water aerodrome will be set up near
Efficiency Index categorises states as ‘Frontrunner’, locations of tourist and religious importance.
‘Achiever’, Contender’ and ‘Aspirant’. The index Santali to get own Wiki edition
examines states’ policies and regulations, financing Santali has become the first Indian tribal language
mechanisms and institutional capacity. to get a Wikipedia edition in its own script after the
Logo, tagline launched for GI Santali Wikipedia went live earlier this month.
Suresh Prabhu launched a logo and tagline- Wikipedia contributors from India, Bangladesh
“Invaluable Treasures of Incredible India”- for and Nepal generated the content for the page,
officials said. Santhali is written in Ol Chiki script INTERNATIONAL NEWS
and spoken by 6.4 million people, according to the Fourth BIMSTEC summit to be held Kathmandu
2001 census. The fourth Summit of Heads of State/Government
Ikea Opened its 1st India Store in Hyderabad of Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral
Ikea, the Swedish retail giant opened its first Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC)
store in Hyderabad on 9th August 2018. Ikea’s next will be held at Kathmandu in Nepal on August 30
store is planned to open in Mumbai in the summer and 31, 2018. BIMSTEC is a regional economic bloc
of 2019, followed by another in Bangalore in 2020. comprising seven member states lying in the
The Swedish furniture retailer has already invested littoral and adjacent areas of the Bay of Bengal.
4.5 billion euros ($5.2 billion) into India. Nepal is the current chair of BIMSTEC.
First intertidal art gallery in Maldives
World’s first intertidal art gallery called
Coralarium is located at the Fairmont Maldives
Sirru Fen Fushi resort. It filled with around 30
sculptures acting as a habitat for coral and other
marine species. The frame of the gallery is made of
pH-neutral marine steel and designed to reflect the
blue hues surrounding it. Designed by British
sculptor Jason deCaires Taylor.
NITI Aayog to host Investor Conference
NITI Aayog hosted an investors’ conference to
attract investments for the development of eco-
tourism on public private partnership basis in
Andaman & Nicobar, and Lakshadweep Islands.
The conference was inaugurated by NITI Aayog
CEO Amitabh Kant. NITI Aayog has been
mandated to steer the Holistic Development of Jongdari tropical storm hits Shanghai
Islands program, along with the respective UT Downgraded from a typhoon, Tropical Storm
administration/ State Governments. Jongdari arrived in Shanghai on August 3, 2018. It
Nod for three changes to triple talaq Bill is expected to gradually weaken as it moves
The Cabinet approved three crucial amendments to westward into the Yangtze River delta. Jongdari,
the triple talaq Bill. The cabinet has approved which means skylark in Korean and is the 12th
amendments which mandate that the FIR be either typhoon of the season. Jongdari is one of the four
filed by the victim of triple talaq or immediate Pacific tropical cyclones. More than 130,000 people
blood relations. Giving instant triple talaq will have been evacuated as a tropical storm arrived
continue to be illegal and void and will attract a jail Shanghai.
term of three years for the husband. Ajay Data, first Indian in ICANN
IOC tops 7 Indian firms on Fortune 500 list Ajay Data has got a two-year term and will take up
Seven Indian companies have made it to the latest the position during ICANN 63 Meet in Spain in
Fortune 500 list of the world’s biggest corporations October 2018. Ajay Data is the first Indian to have
in terms of revenue. Indian Oil Corporation been selected as a member of ccNSO and will be
continued to be the highest ranked Indian firm and representing India at a global level. He will be the
Reliance Industries (RIL) jumping 53 places. Indian custodian of Asia, Australia and Pacific Islands as a
Oil Corp (IOC) with 23% rise in revenues at USD member of ccNSO. ccNSO of the ICANN is the
65.9 billion was ranked 137th, up from the 168th policy-development body for global issues.
position in 2017. Google to launch censored search engine
Rajasthan first to implement biofuel policy Google is developing a new search engine for
Rajasthan has become the first State in the country China that will be in line with the country’s
to implement the national policy on biofuels stringent censorship rules. The “revised” search
unveiled by the Centre in May 2018. The state will engine, which has been codenamed “Dragonfly”
lay emphasis on increasing production of oilseeds. will block western services that are already
It will establish a Centre for Excellence in Udaipur outlawed in China. Google withdrew its search
to promote research in the fields of alternative fuels engine from China eight years ago due to
and energy resources. censorship.
European wind survey satellite launched
A new satellite that will use advanced laser status of the sea. The leaders of Azerbaijan, Iran,
technology to track global winds and improve Kazakhstan, Russia and Turkmenistan signed the
weather forecasts has been successfully put into agreement on the status of the inland sea. The
orbit. The name of the satellite is “Aeolus” — agreement was made to settle a long-lasting
named after the guardian of wind in Greek dispute on whether the Caspian is a sea or a lake.
mythology. The satellite “will probe the lowermost ‘Spanish Mosque’ to open for all on 15th Aug
30 kilometres of the atmosphere in measuring The over a century-old Jama Masjid Aiwan-E-
winds around the Earth. Begumpet here will be thrown open to people from
Panini Language lab inaugurated in Mauritius all religions this Independence Day for a guided
External Affairs Minister (EAM) Sushma Swaraj tour, a move aimed at promoting inter-faith
inaugurated ‘Panini Language Laboratory’ at harmony. Popularly known as the ‘Spanish
Mahatma Gandhi Institute (MGI) in Mauritius. The Mosque’ for its Moorish architecture, the heritage
lab, gifted by the Indian government, will help MGI masjid, for the first time, has invited people from
in teaching Indian languages in Mauritius. The lab all religions to visit it on August 15, between 10 am
would serve as medium to generate more interest and 7 pm.
in learning Hindi amongst the youngsters thereby
strengthening the language.
World Biofuel day observed on August 10

World Biofuel Day is observed every year on 10th
August. The aim is to create awareness about the
United States forms Iran Action Group importance of non-fossil fuels as an alternative to
Mike Pompeo, the US secretary of state, has conventional fossil fuels and to highlight the
announced the creation of the Iran Action Group various efforts made by the Government in the
(IAG). IAG is a dedicated group to coordinate and biofuel sector.
run the US’s policy towards Iran following Serena is the highest paid female athlete
President Donald Trump’s unilateral withdrawal Serena Williams was the highest paid female
from a multinational nuclear deal with Tehran. athlete for a third consecutive year in 2018,
Brian Hook, the Department of State’s director of according to an annual list published by Forbes. PV
policy planning, has been appointed as its head. Sindhu at 7th position is the only Indian female
Greece exits final bailout successfully athlete in the top 10 list. PV Sindhu earns USD 8.5
According to European Stability Mechanism million-per-year according to the annual list
(ESM), Greece has successfully exited its final, 3- published by Forbes.
year bailout programme, agreed in August 2015 to Marie Curie tops BBC poll
help it cope with the continued fallout from a debt Polish-born scientist Marie Curie, the first person to
crisis. The ESM has disbursed 61.9 billion euros win two Nobel Prizes, has topped a BBC History
over 3 years in support of macroeconomic magazine poll, which listed “100 women who
adjustment and bank recapitalisation. The ESM is a changed the world”. Albanian-Indian Nobel
European Union agency that provides financial Laureate Mother Teresa was placed 20th on the list
assistance. while former PM Indira Gandhi was ranked 49th.
World Mosquito Day observed on 20th August Other notable names included former UK PM
World Mosquito Day is observed every year on Margaret Thatcher and Indian poet Sarojini Naidu.
August 20. World Mosquito Day is a
commemoration of British doctor Sir Ronald Ross’s
discovery in 1897 that female mosquitoes transmit
malaria between humans. The day intends to raise
awareness regarding what all causes malaria and
ways to prevent it. The day is celebrated by The
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.
5 Caspian Sea states sign landmark convention
The leaders of the five countries bordering the
Caspian Sea signed a landmark deal on the legal
ECONOMY AND BANKING profit news organisations and local, independent
India to grow at 7.5% in 2018, 2019 publishers.
According to the Moody’s Investors Service’s Apple: World’s first trillion dollar company
report, the Indian economy is expected to grow by Apple became the world’s first trillion-dollar
about 7.5% in 2018 and 2019. The title of the report public company, as a rise in its share price pushed
is ‘Global Macro Outlook‘for 2018-19. The it past the landmark valuation. The company hit a
economy is expected to be largely resilient to $1trillion market capitalisation 42 years after Apple
external pressures like those from higher oil prices. was founded and 117 years after US Steel became
India’s GDP grew by 7.7% in the first quarter of the first company to be valued at $1bn in 1901.
2018-19 financial year. Apple was co-founded in 1976 by Steve Jobs,
UAE top source of inward remittances: RBI Ronald Wayne and Steve Wozniak.
According to the Reserve Bank of India’s survey of APPOINTMENTS AND
inward remittances for 2016-17, the United Arab RESIGNATIONS
Emirates (UAE) has emerged as the top source of Arun Jaitley re-appointed as Finance Minister
inward remittances, while Kerala has received the Arun Jaitley will resume charge of both finance and
maximum funds sent from abroad. UAE’s share in corporate affairs portfolios. Arun Jaitley has been
total remittances was 26.9%. More than half of the leader of Rajya Sabha since 2000. Railway
remittances received by Indian residents were used Minister Piyush Goyal was looking after the
for family maintenance, i.e., consumption. Finance Ministry on an interim basis.
TCS becomes most valued company Kaptan Singh to be new Tripura Governor
Tata Consultancy Services on 16th August 2018 Incumbent Haryana Governor Kaptan Singh
pipped Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) to regain Solanki has been named as the new Governor of
the crown of India’s most valued company in terms Tripura. Tathagata Roy, who was appointed as the
of market capitalisation. RIL had on 14th August governor of Tripura in 2015, would be the new
2018 dethroned TCS to clinch the title of the most Governor of Meghalaya. Meghalaya Governor
valued Indian company by market valuation. The Ganga Prasad has been transferred and appointed
m-cap figure of companies changes daily with as the Governor of Sikkim.
stock price movement. Satya Pal Malik appointed J&K Governor
Delhi on top spot of Investment Index Satya Pal Malik is set to become the new Jammu
Delhi has toppled Gujarat from the top spot in a list and Kashmir Governor and will replace N N
of 21 states and union territories with the most Vohra. At present, Satya Pal Malik is the governor
investment potential, according to a report by of Bihar. Lal Ji Tandon has been appointed as the
economic think-tank NCAER. Delhi is followed by Governor of Bihar replacing Malik. Satya Pal
Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, Haryana, Maharashtra, Malik will be the first career politician to be
Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka appointed as governor of the Jammu and Kashmir.
and West Bengal. NCAER launched the N-SIPI Scott Morrison is Australia’s new PM
(State Investment Potential Index) series in March Scott Morrison has served as treasurer since 2015.
2016. Scott Morrison will be the sixth politician to serve
Japan become world’s 2nd largest stock market as the country’s Prime Minister since 2007 after
Japan has pipped China as the world’s second- ousting incumbent Malcolm Turnbull. Scott
largest stock market. The Chinese market was Morrison entered parliament in 2007 and has since
worth $6.09 trillion next to Japan’s $6.17 trillion. held three key ministerial portfolios.
Both markets are ranked after the US which is the
world’s largest at just over $31 trillion. China lost
to Japan after Chinese stocks and currency fell this
year amid a trade spat with the US.
Facebook announces $4.5 mn investment
Facebook will invest an additional $4.5 million
towards helping the news industry globally.
Earlier, Facebook gave $3.5 million towards
‘Facebook Membership Accelerator’, a three-month Ibrahim re-elected as president of Mali
pilot programme designed to help news President Ibrahim Boubacar Keita has been re-
organisations with membership models. The elected as President of Mali after beating
‘Facebook Membership Accelerator’ will help non- opposition candidate. Keita will serve his second
five-year term as Malian leader. Keita will take

office on September 4, 2018. Mali is a landlocked
nation home to at least 20 ethnic groups where the
majority of people live on less than $2 a day.
Infosys CFO MD Ranganath resigns
IT major Infosys said its Chief Financial Officer M
D Ranganath has resigned from the company.
Ranganath will continue in his current position till
November 16, 2018. Ranganath had taken over the
Gita Mittal is first Woman CJ of J&K
said role after the then CFO Rajiv Bansal had quit
Justice Gita Mittal became the first-ever woman
in 2015. Ranganath has worked at Infosys for 18
Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court.
years.
She was administered the oath of office by
Imran Khan takes oath as Pakistan PM
Governor NN Vohra. The ceremony took place at
Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) chairman Imran
the Raj Bhavan in Srinagar.
Khan on 18th August, 2018 took oath as the 22nd
Prime Minister of Pakistan. The oath-taking
ceremony was administered by Pakistan President
Mamnoon Hussain. In the July 25, 2018 general
elections, the PTI had emerged as the single largest
party with 116 seats.
Paraguayan President Abdo Benítez sworn in
Right-wing former Senator Mario Abdo Benítez has
been sworn in as the new president of Paraguay Rajendra Menon sworn in as CJ of Delhi HC
after defeating his liberal rival in April elections. Justice Menon was earlier the Chief Justice of Patna
Mr Abdo Benítez is the son of a close aide to ex- High Court. He succeeded Justice Gita Mittal, who
military dictator Alfredo Stroessner. He replaces was elevated to head the Jammu and Kashmir High
Horacio Cartes. Mario Abdo Benítez got involved Court.
in politics in 2004. Rekha Sharma appointed chairperson of NCW
N Raghuram elected Chair of INI NCW member Rekha Sharma has been appointed
Indian scientist-academician, N Raghuram, has as the chairperson of the National Commission for
been elected Chair of the International Nitrogen Women. Rekha Sharma was earlier a member of the
Initiative (INI), a global policy making initiative. Commission and was holding the additional
Raghuram is the first Indian and Asian to be elected charge of chairperson. The National Commission
to the Chair. Raghuram specialises in the biological for Women is the apex national level organisation
determinants of nitrogen use efficiency in crops. He of India with the mandate of protecting and
has been the President of the Indian Nitrogen promoting the interests of women.
Group. Akshay Kumar is Road Safety Brand Ambassador
Ramesh appointed women’s team head coach Akshay Kumar was appointed as brand
The Board for Control of Cricket in India (BCCI) ambassador for road safety by Union ministry of
appointed Ramesh Powar as the Head Coach of Road, Transport and Highways to promote road
Indian Women’s Cricket Team. Powar’s term will safety through its new campaign. As a part of the
include a tour to Sri Lanka, a bilateral series in the campaign, Union Transport Minister Nitin Gadkari
West Indies in October 2018 followed by the ICC launched three short videos, featuring Akshay
Women’s World T20 in West Indies in November Kumar to create road safety awareness.Australia
2018. Powar has played 31 ODIs and two Tests lifts ban on adoptions from India.
from 2004 to 2007 for India. Justice Indira’s appointment to SC
Govt dismisses Usha Ananthasubramanian The Supreme Court is going to get its third woman
The government has dismissed Usha judge. The law ministry cleared the appointment of
Ananthasubramanian, former managing director Justice Indira Banerjee, 60, the Chief Justice of the
of scam-hit Punjab National Bank and Allahabad Madras High Court as a Supreme Court judge.
Bank, from service. Usha, who completed her one Justice Banerjee, 60, is the eighth woman to be ever
year as the CEO & MD of Allahabad Bank on May elevated to the Supreme Court. This is the first time
6 2018. She also served as the Managing Director & that the Supreme Court will have three woman
Chief Executive Officer of Punjab National Bank judges.
from August 2015 to May 2017. DG AIR elected AIBD President
The Asia-Pacific Institute of Broadcasting
Development (AIBD) on August 3, 2018 elected
Fayyaz Sheheryar, Director-General of All India problems, was released on 20th August, 2018. It
Radio, as its new President. This is the first time ranked Jio ahead of pharma giant Merck and Bank
India has been elected for the position of president of America and Chinese billionaire Jack Ma-led
of AIBD. The elections were held at the 44th Alibaba.
annual meeting of AIBD in Colombo. AIBD has Gen Dalbir Singh awarded ‘Legion of Merit’
been established in 1977 under the auspices of Former Army Chief General Dalbir Singh Suhag
UNESCO. has been awarded United States (US) ‘Legion of
Mnangagwa won Zimbabwe Presidential Merit‘ (LOM). The award was given to Singh for
Elections exceptionally meritorious service as Chief of Army
Emmerson Mnangagwa won the presidential Staff from August 2014 to December 2016. The
election of Zimbabwe. Mnangagwa won by the LOM is issued to members of the seven uniformed
smallest of margins, after needing more than 50% services of the United States as well as to military
of the vote to secure the victory. Elections in and political figures of foreign governments.
Zimbabwe were conducted after 37 years of McQueen to receive BAFTA’s Britannia Award
President Robert Mugabe’s rule. British director Steve McQueen will receive
AWARDS AND RECOGNITIONS BAFTA’s John Schlesinger Britannia Award.
David Beckham will receive UEFA Prez’s award McQueen, who won an Oscar for 12 Years a Slave,
Former England captain David Beckham will would be this year’s recipient of the John
receive the UEFA President’s Award for his Schlesinger Britannia Award for excellence in
contribution to football and for promoting the directing. The award’s previous recipients include
sport around the world. Beckham played for Danny Boyle, Christopher Nolan, and Quentin
Manchester United, La Galaxy, Real Madrid, AC Tarantino.
Milan and Paris St-Germain. Beckham made 115 Ang Lee to be honoured by DGA
appearances for England and won 19 club trophies, Oscar-winning director Ang Lee will be one of the
including 10 league titles. He will receive the award recipients of the annual Directors Guild of America
in Monaco. (DGA) honours at its ceremony. The DGA Honours
Javed Akhtar awarded Hindi Sahitya Samman recognises individuals and institutions that have
Eminent personalities from different fields, made distinguished contributions to American
including Bollywood song writer Javed Akhtar, culture through the world of film and television.
were presented the Delhi government’s “Hindi Ang Lee received the Oscar award for ‘Life of Pi’ in
Sahitya Academy Samman”. Akhtar was awarded 2013.
the ‘Shalaka Samman’ for his contribution to the
world of films and poetry. Veteran theatre director
M K Raina received the ‘Shikar Samman’.
Akshay Venkatesh gets Fields Medal
Akshay Venkatesh, a renowned Indian-Australian
mathematician, is one of four winners of
mathematics’ prestigious Fields medal, known as
the Nobel prize for math. The Fields medals are
awarded every four years to the most promising
mathematicians under the age of 40. The prize was 3 scientist awarded by Albany Medical Center
inaugurated in 1932 at the request of Canadian The recipients of the annual Albany Medical Center
mathematician John Charles Fields. Prize in Medicine and Biomedical Research were
announced on 15th August 2018. The recipients are
James Allison, Dr Carl June and Dr Steven
Rosenberg. Three scientists will share a $500,000
medical prize for their studies of the immune
system that have led to innovative treatments for
cancer, HIV and other diseases.
Delhi official wins WHO award
Reliance Jio tops Fortune list Delhi government’s additional director of health S
Reliance Jio has been ranked number one on K Arora has been awarded the prestigious WHO
Fortune’s global list for rapidly expanding access to World No Tobacco Day 2017 Award for his
the Internet. The ‘Change the World’ list, which extraordinary contribution towards tobacco
includes for-profit companies that help tackle social control. Tobacco prevalence in Delhi has come

down by 6.5% in the past six years. The National will get the award for 2013, Lok Sabha member
Health Policy 2017 has set targets of relative Hukumdev Yadav for 2014. The award will be
reduction in tobacco prevalence by 15% by 2020 given to Azad for 2015, TMC MP Dinesh Trivedi for
and 30% by 2025. 2016 and Mahtab for 2017.
Shaurya Chakra for Major Aditya, Aurangzeb Rajiv Sadbhavana Award for Gopal Gandhi
Rifleman Aurangzeb and Major Aditya Kumar of Former West Bengal Governor Gopalkrishna
Indian Army will be conferred the Shaurya Chakra Gandhi has been chosen for Rajiv Gandhi
along with 18 others Armed Forces Personnel and Sadbhavana Award 2018 for promoting communal
members of Paramilitary Forces. Sepoy Vrahma Pal harmony and peace. Former recipients of the award
Singh was selected for Kirti Chakra posthumously. include Mother Teresa, Ustad Bismillah Khan,
Mohammed Yunus, Lata Mangeshkar, Sunil Dutt,
Dilip Kumar, Kapila Vatsyayan, Teesta Setalvad.
OBITUARIES
Former UN chief Kofi Annan passes away
Former United Nations chief and Nobel Peace Prize
laureate General Kofi Annan passed away. Annan
was the first black African who served two terms as
U.N. Secretary-General in New York from 1997-
2006. He later also served as the UN special envoy
for conflict-ridden Syria. In 2001, Annan and the
Prez awards medals to Indian Coast Guard
UN were jointly awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
President of India has awarded one President’s
Tatrakshak Medal for Distinguished Service, five
Tatrakshak Medal for Gallantry and two
Tatrakshak Medal for Meritorious Service on the to
Indian Coast Guard personnel. The President’s
Tatrakshak Medal for Distinguished Service has
been awarded to IG Rakesh Pal. These awards are
being given to the personnel of Indian Coast Guard
since 1990.
Gallantry award for members of INSV Tarini
President Ram Nath Kovind approved ‘Nao Sena’ Veteran journalist Kuldip Nayar passes away
medal for the six women crew members of Indian Eminent Indian writer and journalist Kuldip Nayar
Naval Sailing Vessel Tarini. Lt. Commander passed away in New Delhi on August 23, 2018. As
Vartika Joshi, who led the expedition, Lt. a journalist, he has documented in detail, human
Commander Prathibha, and Swathi, Aishwarya, rights violations by the State. He was also the High
Vijaya and Payal have been awarded the Nao Sena Commissioner of India to the U.K. and nominated
Medal. Nao Sena Medal is a gallantry award that member of the Rajya Sabha. Nayar worked in
recognises individual acts of exceptional devotion several newspapers including as the editor in the
to duty or courage. Statesman.
ONGC won top honours at Swachhta Pakwada US singer Aretha Franklin dies at 76
Oil and Natural Gas Corp (ONGC) bagged top US singer Aretha Franklin has died at the age of 76.
honours at the Swachhta Pakwada Awards. She received the Grammy Award 18 times and was
Swachhta Pakwada Awards is an oil ministry the first female vocalist to be inducted into the Rock
initiative to honour companies and individuals & Roll Hall of Fame. By the end of the 1960s she was
doing exemplary work in cleanliness. Indian Oil being called “The Queen of Soul”. She was
Corp (IOC) bagged the runner-up’s award. The inducted to the UK Music Hall of Fame in 2005.
Ministry celebrated Swachhta Pakhwada from July
1, 2018, to July 15, 2018, with the theme ‘Innovation
and Sustainability’.
Azad, Najma to be given Parliamentarian award
The leader of Opposition in the Rajya Sabha
Ghulam Nabi Azad, Manipur Governor Najma
Heptulla and BJD MP Bhartruhari Mahtab will be
conferred the Outstanding Parliamentarian award
by President Ram Nath Kovind. Najma Heptulla

Atal Bihari Vajpayee passes away at 93 Hyunwoo clinched the gold medal while Qatar’s Al
Former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee died Marri Hamad Ali bagged the bronze medal. Vihan
on 16th August, 2018. Three-time Prime Minister, had grabbed four gold medals at Shotgun
Vajpayee was the first and the only non-Congress Nationals Championship in 2017.
Prime Minister to serve a full five-year term from Fabio Fognini topples Juan Martin
1999 to 2004; and for short periods of 13 days in Fabio Fognini defeated Juan Martin Del Potro in
1996 and 13 months in 1998. He was first elected to final of Los Cabos Open. Fabio Fognini captured his
Parliament in 1962 as a member of Rajya Sabha. In first career hardcourt title on Saturday, surprising
1971, he won his first Lok Sabha seat. Juan Martin del Potro 6-4, 6-2, in the final of the
Former cricket captain Ajit Wadekar dead ATP Los Cabos Open. It is the 31-year-old Fognini’s
Former Indian cricket captain Ajit Wadekar died on eighth ATP Tour victory.
15th August, 2018. Ajit Wadekar led the country to
its first overseas wins in England and West Indies
in 1971. He played 37 Test matches and scored 2,113
runs. He was also India’s first ODI captain. He was
awarded Arjuna Award in 1967 and India’s fourth
highest civilian honour, the Padmashri, in 1972.
Chhattisgarh Governor Balramji Dass dies
Chhattisgarh Governor Balramji Dass Tandon died Gaganjeet Bhullar claims European Tour
on 14th august, 2018. Mr. Tandon had assumed the Gaganjeet Bhullar to claim his maiden European
office of Governor in Chhattisgarh on July 2014. Tour title with a one-stroke win over a charging
During his long political career, he served on Anthony Quayle of Australia at the Fiji
various posts, including as deputy chief minister of International here on Sunday. It was Bhullar’s first
Punjab. The six-time MLA was also jailed from 1975 win on the European Tour, ninth Asian Tour and
to 1977 during Emergency. 10th crown overall. He thus became the most
Former LS Somnath Chatterjee passes away successful Indian player on Asian Tour and the first
Former Lok Sabha Speaker Somnath Chatterjee Indian to win on Australasia Tour.
passed away on August 13, 2018. Born on July 25, Kolesnikov win European Title at Glasglow.
1929, Chatterjee was a ten-time Lok Sabha MP. He Kliment Kolesnikov of Russia set a world record for
was one of the longest-serving parliamentarians in the 50 metres backstroke while winning the
India. He served as the Speaker of the Lok Sabha European Championship title in Glasgow on
from 2004 to 2009. Chatterjee won the Outstanding Saturday. The teenager clocked 24.00 seconds to
Parliamentarian Award in 1996. take 0.04 seconds off the record set by Britain’s
VS Naipaul passes away Liam Tancock at the world championships in Rome
British novelist and Nobel Prize winner for in 2009. He defeated Silver medallist Robert-Andrei
Literature, Sir. V.S. Naipaul passed away in Glinta, a former world junior champion, by 0.55
London. Sir Vidia, who was born in rural Trinidad seconds.
in 1932, was known for works including ‘A Bend in
the River ‘and his masterpiece, ‘A House for Mr
Biswas’. He published more than thirty books, both
of fiction and nonfiction, over some fifty years.
Renowned Malayalam poet Chemmanam Chacko
dies
Noted Malayalam poet and Sahitya Akademi
awardee Chemmanam Chacko died on 15th
August, 2018. Chacko had taught Malayalam at Sindhu takes silver in Badminton Champ
schools and colleges. Chacko was known for his Carolina Marin became the first woman shuttler to
satirical works. He had won several honours, win the world championships thrice.She had won
including those by the Kerala Sahitya Akademi, the title in 2014 and the 2015 Jakarta edition.
Sanjayan Award, and P. Smaraka Puraskaram. Sindhu settled for another white metal following a
SPORTS 19-21, 10-21 loss to Marin of Spain in World
Shardul wins silver in men’s double trap Badminton Championship. Sindhu’s second
Shardul Vihan clinched the silver medal in the successive silver at the World Championships and
men’s double trap shooting event at the 18th Asian
Games on 23rd August, 2018. Korea’s Shin

had won a silver medal in 2017 and bronze medals
in 2013,2014.
Virat Kohli is the No.1 Test batsman
Kohli thus became the seventh India batsman, and
first since Sachin Tendulkar (in June 2011) to be
ranked the number one Test batsman in the latest
ICC rankings. At 934 points,Kohli has become
India’s highest-ranked batsman, 14th overall, on Asian Games begin in Jakarta
the all-time tally of points. The 18th edition of the Asian Games officially
Rohit Kumar Becomes Fourth Youngest Player kicked off in the Indonesian capital Jakarta on 18th
Nepal’s Rohit Kumar Paudel, at 15 years and 335 August 2018. Asian Games 2018, also known as
days, became the fourth youngest One-day Jakarta Palembang 2018, starting from August 18
International (ODI) cricket debutant. Pakistan’s will end on September 2, 2018, in the Indonesian
Hasan Raza remains the youngest to play an ODI. cities of Jakarta and Palembang. It is the second
Raza made his debut against Zimbabwe in 1996 time for Jakarta to host the sports games after 1962.
aged just 14 years and 233 days. Canada’s Nitish India won silver medal at cycling C’ship
Kumar is third on the list – he was 15 years and 273 Teen cyclist Esow Alben won the silver medal at the
days when he played Afghanistan in Sharjah in UCI Junior Track Cycling World Championships in
2010. Switzerland. This is India’s first-ever medal at any
FIFA takes charge of Uruguay FA cycling World Championships. Alban became the
Football’s world governing body FIFA has taken Junior World No. 1 this July 2018 after becoming
control of the Uruguayan Football Association the first Indian to win a gold medal at the Asian
(UFA). The FIFA committee would be responsible Junior Track Cycling Championships.
for managing the affairs of the UFA through to Rafael Nadal wins fourth Rogers Cup
February 28, 2019 and would revise the Rafael Nadal won his 80th Association of Tennis
organisation’s statues and arrange new elections. Professionals (ATP) World Tour title on August 12,
Uruguayan football has been in crisis since July 30, 2018. Nadal beat Stefanos Tsitsipas for his fourth
after the sudden resignation of its chief. Rogers Cup crown and fifth victory of the year.
Rishabh Pant creates history on debut Nadal also won the Rogers Cup in Toronto in 2008
Rishabh Pant became the fourth Indian wicket- and in Montreal in 2005 and 2013.
keeper to take five catches on debut. He achieved India rise to 96th spot in FIFA Ranking
this feat on Day 2 of the third Test against England India’s football team have jumped one spot higher
at Trent Bridge. He also became the third in the to take the 96th spot in the latest FIFA World
world to take five catches in an innings on Test Rankings. The improvement came in the ranking
debut. Besides Rishab, the two other cricketers to after FIFA implemented a new ranking system
achieve this feat are – Australia’s Brian Taber and called ‘Elo’ where points are added and subtracted
his compatriot John Maclean. to the team’s existing tally before every match.
Djokovic beats Federer in Cincinnati final France clinched the number one FIFA ranking
Novak Djokovic defeated Roger Federer in the followed by Belgium, Brazil, Croatia and Uruguay.
finals to win his first title of Cincinnati Masters. Nihal Sarin becomes India’s 53rd Grandmaster
Novak Djokovic won the Wimbledon Nihal Sarin became India’s 53rd Grandmaster after
Championships in July 2018, was the runner-up of attaining his third and final Grand Master-norm in
the Cincinnati Masters on five occasions. Novak the Abu Dhabi Masters. He is only the third
Djokovic became the first player to win all nine grandmaster from Kerala after GN Gopal and SL
ATP Masters 1000 tournaments. Narayanan. He is the twelfth youngest
Neeraj Chopra to be India’s flag-bearer grandmaster in chess history. Earlier in June 2018,
Javelin thrower star Neeraj Chopra will be India’s Chennai-born R Praggnanandhaa secured the title
flag bearer in the opening ceremony of the Asian of the grandmaster and became India’s 52nd
Games 2018. Chopra, who won the gold medal in grandmaster.
Commonwealth Games 2018 event in Gold Coast,
will lead India’s contingent in the multi-sport
event. The 2018 Asian Games will take place from
August 18 to September 2 and will be held in
Indonesian cities of Jakarta and Palembang.

Badminton championship: Jayaram ends successfully flight tested at Chandan range in
runnerup Rajasthan. The weapon is capable of destroying a
Indian shuttler Ajay Jayaram had to be content with variety of ground targets using precision
a runner-up at the Vietnam Open after losing the navigation. The SAAW is developed by Defence
final to Shesar Hiren Rhustavito of Indonesia in Ho Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)
Chi Minh City. It was second consecutive runner- and will be used by the Indian Air Force.
up finish for Jayaram on the circuit as he had also Iron and Titanium found on ‘Ultrahot Jupiter’
reached the final at the White Nights International The astronomers carried out new observations of
Challenge, last month. The 30-year-old Indian had exoplanet Kelt-9b. Kelt-9b is the hottest exoplanet
an impressive run at the tournament. discovered and was discovered in 2017.
DEFENCE AND SPACE Astronomers discovered that the atmosphere is
Exercise Pitch Black 2018 concludes made up of vaporized iron and titanium. The team
Exercise Pitch Black a biennial multi-national used the Galileo National Telescope in La Palma,
warfare exercise was hosted by Royal Australian Canary Islands, to observe the planet.
Air Force (RAAF) from 24 Jul 18 to 18 Aug 18 in ISRO’s first mission to study the Sun
Darwin, Australia. Indian Air Force had earlier Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) plans
participated in the exercise as observers. With to study the Sun through its Aditya-L1 satellite
participation of 16 nations and more than 140 which will be inserted in a halo orbit, which is 1.5
aircraft, the 2018 edition was the largest Pitch Black million km from the Earth during 2019-2020.
ever conducted by Australia. Aditya-L1 will be launched by PSLV-XL from
India, Thailand military drill concludes Sriharikota in Andhra Pradesh. ISRO had planned
The armies of India and Thailand have concluded to use Aditya-1 to observe only the solar corona,
their two-week joint exercise ‘Maitree 2018’ in which is the outer layer of the Sun.
Thailand on 19th August 2018. Exercise Maitree is Sunita to fly on US’ First Private Spaceships
an annual event designed to strengthen the Sunita Williams is among the 9 astronauts named
partnership between Royal Thai Army and Indian by NASA for its first human spaceflight
Army. The exercise commenced on August 6, 2018 programme. The 8 active NASA astronauts and one
in Thailand. former astronaut will launch on Boeing CST-100.
Successful flight test of ATGM ‘HELINA’ Starliner and SpaceX Dragon capsules to the
Indigenously developed anti-tank guided missile International Space Station beginning in 2019. The
(ATGM) HELINA has been successfully tested in missions will mark the first crewed launches from
the ranges of Pokhran. The missile is guided by an the US since the end of the space shuttle
Infrared Imaging Seeker (IIR) operating in the Lock programme in 2011.
on Before Launch mode. It is one of the most DRDO develops indigenous landing gear for
advanced Anti-Tank Weapons in the world. The UAV
HELINA missile will be a part of the Army’s An indigenously designed and developed landing
weaponry. gear for the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-
Rustom II has been successfully tested. The landing
gear developed by a Defence Research and
Development Organisation (DRDO) laboratory has
undergone low-speed and high-speed taxi trial in
Karnataka. Rustom II is a medium-altitude long-
endurance UAV designed for carrying out
surveillance.
India building new fighter jet
The Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA),
India’s next indigenous fighter, is expected to make
its first flight by 2032. The aircraft will have a low
radar cross-section, making it difficult for the
enemy to spot it. This is India’s only fifth
generation aircraft programme. The AMCA will
feature geometric stealth and will initially fly with
two GE-414 engines. Chandrayaan-2 to be launched in January-March
India’s second moon mission Chandrayaan-2 will
Successful test of Smart Anti Airfield Weapon
now be launched in the January-March window in
Indigenously designed and developed guided
2019. Chandrayaan-2, which will be launched
bombs Smart Anti Airfield Weapon (SAAW) were

onboard the Geosynchronous Satellite Launch radio telescopes. The radioactive molecule is an
Vehicle (GSLV) Mk-3. The lander has been named isotope of aluminium monofluoride.
“Vikram” as a tribute to the pioneer of India’s NASA will launch laser satellite
space programme and former ISRO chairman NASA will be launching a laser satellite that will
(1963-71), Vikram Sarabhai. measure changes in the heights of Earth’s polar ice
World’s first mission to touch the Sun starts to understand what is causing ice sheets to melt
NASA’s Parker Solar Probe, mankind’s first fast. The name of the satellite is ‘Ice, Cloud and
mission to ‘touch’ the Sun, has been launched on a Land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2). ICESat-2 will
seven-year long journey. Liftoff took place from measure the average annual elevation change of
Space Launch Complex 37 at Cape Canaveral Air land ice covering Greenland and Antarctica.
Force Station in the US early today. The Parker SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Solar Probe will perform the closest-ever First 4D printing for ceramics developed
observations of the Sun’s outer atmosphere, called Scientists have successfully developed the world’s
the corona. first 4D printing for ceramics that can be used to
create complex, shape-changing objects. 4D
printing is conventional 3D printing combined
with the additional element of time as the fourth
dimension. The printed objects can re-shape or self-
assemble themselves over time with external
stimuli, such as mechanical force, temperature.
Microsoft, Apollo Hospitals unveil AI
Microsoft India and Apollo Hospitals unveiled the
‘first-ever’ artificial intelligence-powered
cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk score API
(application program interface). It is designed to
predict the risk of CVD in the Indian population.
This would also enable doctors across the Apollo
network of hospitals to drive preventive cardiac
care across the country.
World’s 1st Hindi-Speaking Robot ‘Rashmi’
Israeli Navy to procure Barak 8 missile
Ranchi-based software developer Ranjit
The multipurpose Barak 8 missile defence system
Srivastava is developing the world’s first Hindi-
will be procured by the Israeli Navy to protect its
speaking humanoid robot, claimed to cost just Rs
economic zones and strategic facilities from
50,000 so far. Named Rashmi, the AI-powered
diversified threats. The Barak 8 missile defence
robot can also speak Bhojpuri, Marathi, and
system is jointly developed by India and Israel.
English, and is equipped with facial expressions
Barak-8 is an operational air and missile defense
and recognition systems. He was inspired to create
system used by the Israeli Navy as well as by the
Rashmi after seeing Hong Kong-made humanoid
Indian Navy and air forces.
‘Sophia’ in 2016.
China’s rover to explore dark side of moon
China has unveiled a new lunar rover as it prepares
to become the first nation in the world to explore
the dark side of the moon. China’s last lunar rover
— named Yutu, or Jade Rabbit — ceased operation
in August 2016 on the surface of the moon as part
of the Chang’e 3 mission. China announced its
intentions in 2015 to send a rover to the dark side
of the moon. First single-chromosome yeast created
Radioactive molecule detected in space Chinese scientists claimed to have created the first
In a first, astronomers have detected a radioactive single-chromosome yeast while not affecting the
molecule in space, believed to be from a stellar majority of its functions. Brewer’s yeast, one-third
explosion that took place in the 17th century. The of whose genome is said to share ancestry with
radioactive molecule was spotted with the humans, has 16 chromosomes. However, Chinese
Northern Extended Millimetre Array and the scientists have managed to fit nearly all its genetic
Atacama Large Millimetre/ submillimeter Array material into just one chromosome.

LEGAL AFFAIRS
President gives Assent to ‘Fugitive Economic 12 years. The states are Madhya Pradesh,
Offenders Bill’, 2018. Rajasthan, Haryana and Arunachal Pradesh.
President Ram Nath Kovind has given assent Parliament passes ‘Insolvency & Bankruptcy
(under Article 111) to Fugitive Economic Offenders Code (Amendment) Bill’, 2018.
Bill, 2018 passed by Parliament. With this assent, Parliament passed Insolvency and Bankruptcy
this Bill becomes law which aims to curb practice Code (Amendment) Bill, 2018 to bring relief to the
of evading criminal prosecution by economic home buyers and Micro, Small and Medium
offenders fleeing from country to evade clutches Enterprises (MSMEs). The Bill replaces ordinance
Indian law by remaining outside jurisdiction of promulgated in June 2018, in this regard and
Indian courts. The bill will replace an ordinance amends the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code,
promulgated by President in April 2018. The new 2016.
law defines fugitive economic offender (FEO) as Parliament has passed Constitution (One
any individual against who warrants for arrest is Hundred and Twenty-Third Amendment) Bill,
issued for his involvement in select economic 2017.
offences involving amount of at least Rs 100 Crore Parliament has passed Constitution (123rd
or more and has left India so as to avoid criminal Amendment) Bill, 2017 that seeks to provide
prosecution. constitutional status to the National Commission
Enforcement Directorate (under Ministry of for Backward Classes (NCBC) on par with
Finance) will be investigative agency under the National Commission for Scheduled Castes
Act. (NCSC) and National Commission for Scheduled
President gives Assent to ‘Negotiable Tribes (NCSTs). The Bill seeks to make NCBC
Instruments (Amendment) Act’, 2018. Constitutional body by inserting new article 338B
The amendment is aimed at allowing a court to try in Constitution. The Bill also inserts article 342-A to
offences related to cheque bounce expeditiously empower President to specify socially and
and direct the drawee to pay a minimum of 20% of educationally backward classes in various states
cheque amount as interim compensation. and union territories. The bill will be sent to
President gave assent to ‘State Banks (Repeal & President for his assent (as per Article 368 of
Amendment) Act, 2018. Constitution).The bill provides duties of NCBC to
This Act is to repeal two other laws- State Bank of investigate and monitor safeguards provided to
India (Subsidiary Banks) Act, 1959 and State Bank socially and educationally backward classes under
of Hyderabad Act, 1956. It further amends the Constitution and other laws being implemented
State Bank of India Act of 1955. and probe specific complaints regarding violation
Parliament passes ‘Criminal law (Amendment) of rights. It also provides NCBC with powers of
Bill’, 2018. civil court while probing any complaint against
In its monsoon session, the Parliament (both the notified socially and educationally backward
Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha) passed the classes. It also provides appointment of one woman
Criminal Law Amendment Bill, 2018. This bill member from backward classes in NCBC.
provides for stringent punishment including the Parliament passes ‘Homeopathy Central Council
death penalty for those convicted of raping a girl (Amendment) Bill’, 2018.
child (especially below the age of 12 years). Parliament has passed Homoeopathy Central
This bill has replaced the Ordinance promulgated Council (Amendment) Bill, 2018 to replace
April 21, 2018 following an outcry over the rape Ordinance promulgated by President in May 2018.
and murder of a minor girl in Kathua in Jammu It amends Homoeopathy Central Council Act,
and Kashmir and the rape of another woman at 1973 which sets up Central Council of
Unnao in Uttar Pradesh. POSCO was gender- Homoeopathy and regulates homoeopathic
neutral while the new bill pertains to girls education and practice.
specifically and for this reason, the bill has Lok Sabha passes ‘Trafficking of Persons
amended the respective sections of the IPC, CrPC, (Prevention, Protection and Rehabilitation) Bill’,
Indian Evidence Act and the POSCO (Protection of 2018.
Children from Sexual offences) Act. The Lok Sabha has passed the Trafficking of
Four states already have brought in law after Persons (Prevention, Protection and Rehabilitation)
passing it through their respective assemblies for Bill, 2018. The Bill provides for the prevention,
capital punishment to those who rape girls below rescue, and rehabilitation of trafficked persons and
seeks to establish National Anti-Trafficking

Bureau to investigate trafficking cases. It also facility of ‘proxy voting’ to overseas Indians, on
provides for the setting up of Anti-Trafficking the lines of service voters. The Bill seeks to amend
Units (ATUs) at the district level which will deal Representation of People Act (RPA), 1950 and
with the investigation, prevention, rescue, and Representation of People Act (RPA), 1951 to allow
protection of victims and witnesses. for proxy voting and make certain provisions of
Lok Sabha passes bill for speedy disposal of these Acts gender-neutral. RPA, 1950 provides for
Commercial Dispute. allocation of seats and delimitation of
Lok Sabha has passed Commercial Courts, constituencies for elections (state assembly and Lok
Commercial Division and Commercial Appellate Sabha elections), qualifications of voters, and
Division of High Courts (Amendment) Bill, 2018. preparation of electoral rolls. RPA, 1951 provides
It replaces the ordinance promulgated by President for conduct of elections and offences and disputes
in May 2018 and amends Commercial Courts, related to elections. It permits an overseas voter to
Commercial Division and Commercial Appellate vote only in person. In this case overseas voter is
Division of High Courts Act, 2015. The Act enables citizen of India who is absent from his place of
creation of commercial divisions in High Courts ordinary residence in India. Currently, only
and commercial courts at district level to adjudicate service personnel are permitted to vote through
commercial disputes such as disputes related to proxy.
contracts for provision of goods and services and The Bill replaces the term ‘wife’ with ‘spouse’ in
construction contracts. The amendment is aimed at both Acts. It replaces wife with spouse of a person
improving ease of doing business in India. Under holding service qualification to vote. It amends
the parent Act, commercial courts and commercial RPA, 1951 to permit overseas voter to cast their
divisions in High courts can decide commercial vote in person or by proxy in constituency where
disputes with value of at least Rs. 1 crore. The Bill elections are being conducted.By granting them
reduces this limit to Rs. 3 lakh. It introduces pre- proxy voting rights, overseas Indians will be able to
institution mediation process in cases where no exercise franchise during elections and also need
urgent, interim relief is contemplated. not to spend foreign currency to come to India
Lok Sabha passes ‘SC and ST (Prevention of during elections.
Atrocities) Amendment Bill’, 2018. Lok Sabha passes Arbitration and Conciliation
Lok Sabha has unanimously passed Scheduled (Amendment) Bill, 2018.
Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of The Lok Sabha has passed Arbitration and
Atrocities) Amendment Bill, 2018 to reverse effects Conciliation (Amendment) Bill, 2018 to help India
of Supreme Court order concerning certain become hub for domestic and global arbitration for
safeguards against arrests under SC/ST law. The settling commercial disputes. It seeks to amend the
Bill seeks to amend the Scheduled Castes and the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996.
Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, The Bill establishes Arbitration Council of India
1989. It is popularly known as Prevention of (ACI) as an independent body for promotion of
Atrocities (PoA) Act or simply Atrocities Act. Its arbitration, mediation, conciliation and other
prime objective is to deliver justice to marginalize alternative dispute Redressal mechanisms. It will
through proactive efforts, giving them life of consist of Chairperson who is either Judge of
dignity, self-esteem and life without fear, violence Supreme Court or Judge of High Court or Chief
or suppression from dominant castes. Justice of High Court or eminent person with
The Bill states that investigating officer will not expert knowledge in conduct of arbitration.
require approval of any authority for arrest of NRI cannot file RTI application.
accused. Further, it provides that preliminary Government has informed Lok Sabha that Non-
enquiry will not be required for registration of Resident Indians (NRI) cannot file Right to
First Information Report (FIR) against person Information (RTI) applications to seek governance-
accused under Act. The Act states that persons related information from Central government
accused of committing offence under Act cannot departments. It mentioned that only citizens of
apply for anticipatory bail. It also clarifies that this India have the right to seek information under the
provision will apply despite any judgments or provisions of RTI Act, 2005 and NRIs are not
orders of any court that provide otherwise, thus eligible to file RTI applications.
overturning SC judgment given in April 2018. This law was passed by Parliament on 15 June 2005
Lok Sabha passes ‘Representation of People and came fully into force on 12 October 2005. It
(Amendment) Bill’, 2017. mandates timely response to citizen requests for
Lok Sabha has passed Representation of the People government information by various public
(Amendment) Bill, 2017 by voice vote to extend the authorities under Central Government as well as

the State governments. Objectives of RTI are to Mode Project under National e-Governance Plan of
empower citizens (as right to information is Government.
fundamental right of the citizens under Article Mahadayi Water Disputes Tribunal: Dispute
19), promote transparency and accountability in finally resolved.
working of Government, check corruption and Mahadayi Water Disputes Tribunal delivered its
make our democracy work for the people in real final verdict to ending 50-year-old dispute over
sense. sharing of Mahadayi or Mandovi River between
West Bengal renamed as ‘Bangla’. Goa, Karnataka and Maharashtra. The tribunal
Process for changing the name of a state can be was constituted in November 2010 under
initiated by state itself. However, by virtue of Interstate River Water Disputes Act, 1956 to
Article 3 of Constitution, Parliament has power to resolve water sharing dispute between riparian
change name of state even if such proposal does not states.
come from the concerned state. If initiated by state Supreme Court scraps use of NOTA in Rajya
assembly, it will first pass a resolution for such Sabha elections.
change and this passed resolution will be sent to Supreme Court scrapped use of NOTA (none of
Central government (Union Home Ministry). Then the above) option for Rajya Sabha elections,
Union Home Ministry prepares note for Union saying it defeats fairness in indirect elections,
Cabinet for amendment to Schedule 1 of destroys democratic values and serves as Satan of
Constitution. Thereafter, Constitution Amendment defection and corruption. The ruling was given by
Bill is introduced in Parliament under Article 3 of three judge bench of SC comprising of Chief
Constitution, which has to be approved with Justice of India Dipak Misra, Justices A M
simple majority, before President gives his assent to Khanwilkar and D Y Chandrachud. It came on
it. Thereafter name of state will be changed. petition by Shailesh Parmar, who was Congress
West Bengal state assembly has unanimously chief whip in Gujarat, challenging EC decision of
passed resolution to change state’s name to 2014, to allow NOTA in Rajya Sabha polls. NOTA
‘Bangla’ in all three languages – Bengali, Hindi and was introduced in Lok Sabha polls (direct election)
English. The name change will only become official by Election Commission of India (ECI) following
when resolution gets approval from Union Home 2013 Supreme Court decision. It was extended to
Ministry and Parliament passes Bill. The main Rajya Sabha election (i.e. indirect elections) via
reason cited by State Government for changing notification in January 2014.
name of West Bengal to Bangla is that whenever Delhi High Court decriminalizes begging in the
there is meeting of all states, West Bengal figures at national capital.
bottom of the list, as it is prepared according to At present, there is no central law on begging and
alphabetical order. With change in its Bangla, it will destitution but most states have adopted Bombay
appear (or leapfrog) to fourth place. Prevention of Begging Act, 1959.
NCRB to curb online child pornography and Delhi High Court has declared 25 sections of
sexual violence. Bombay Prevention of Begging Act, 1959 which
Union Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has have been extended to Delhi, as
designated National Crime Records Bureau “unconstitutional”. The PILs had argued that
(NCRB) as nodal authority to curb online child poverty can never be crime and if a person is
pornography, sexual violence and rape videos. The destitute and begs for living, such person cannot be
powers were delegated to NCRB under section 79 treated as criminal as it will be against his
of Information Technology Act, 2000 to perform fundamental rights.
the functions under clause (b) of sub-section (3) of New Judges appointed to the Supreme Court (SC)
section 79 of IT Act, 2000 and to notify the instance and High Courts (HC).
as per the order issued. The Center announced the appointment of the
NCRB is nodal agency under Home Ministry for judges to the SC. They are Justice Indira Banerjee,
authentic source of data on crime on various Justice Vineet Saran and Justice K.M. Joseph.
parameters including accidents, suicides from Besides, the appointment of Chief Justice of various
across all the states of the country and prisons for High Courts also took place. They are:
policy matters and research. It was established on Kerala HC- Justice Hrishikesh Roy
11 March 1986 as the central police organisation. It J&K HC- Justice Gita Mittal
is headquartered in New Delhi. It is implementing Patna HC- Justice M.R. Shah
and monitoring agency of Crime & Criminal Madras HC- Justice V.K. Tahilramani
Tracking Network System (CCTNS), a Mission Odisha HC- Justice Kalpesh Satyendra Jhaveri
Jharkhand HC- Justice Aniruddha Bose

Delhi HC- Justice Rajendra Menon and Justice P. Somarajan (in VV Prabhakaran vs.
Rekha Sharma appointed as Chairperson of TChandramathi) granted a divorce to a 70-year-old
National Commission for Women. man by setting aside a family court order that had
Rekha Sharma (54) was appointed as chairperson refused his plea.
of the National Commission for Women (NCW). BS Prasad has been appointed as the Advocate
She replaced Lalitha Kumaramangalam. NCW is a General for the State of Telangana. The state had
statutory body established under the National been functioning without an AG since March this
Commission for Women Act, 1990. It was year, when Prasad’s predecessor D Prakash
established in January 1992. It regularly publishes Reddy resigned abruptly citing personal reasons.
monthly newsletter, Rashtra Mahila, in both Prasad belongs to the weaver community.
Hindi and English. The Uttarakhand High Court recently invoked the
Prima facie rights under Article 14 and 19 of the parens patriae doctrine to assume the role of legal
Constitution of India which is guaranteed to the guardian for cows and other cattle in the state. On
Citizen of India also appear to be extended to an assuming this role, the Bench of Justices Rajiv
OCI (Overseas Citizen of India) card holder, the Sharma and Manoj Kumar Tiwari issued detailed
Delhi High Court said. directions oriented towards the welfare of cows
The Himachal Pradesh High Court, on the eve of and other animals.
Independence Day, pronounced a landmark The Delhi High Court today declared the Bombay
judgment quashing a ‘gender discriminatory’ Prevention of Begging Act, 1959 (Act), as extended
decades-long policy of the state government of to Delhi, unconstitutional insofar as it criminalized
depriving the benefit of reservation in government beggary/begging. The provisions of the Act, which
jobs to the wards of freedom fighters to married do not directly or indirectly criminalize begging,
daughters/grand-daughters. such as Section 11 which deals with penalty for
The judgment of the apex court in State of employing or causing persons to solicit or receive
Maharashtra v. Mana Adim Jamat Mandal, the alms, causing persons or children to solicit or
court granted independent status to the Gowari receive alms, or using such persons as exhibits,
community and allowed the petition. were maintained.
The Supreme Court launched a host of mobile The question of striking a balance between Right to
applications for the benefit of litigants as well as life which includes a right to clean air, and the right
lawyers on Tuesday, August 14. These applications to carry on a trade or profession was highlighted
include facilities and services like e-filing, e- before the Supreme Court in the matter relating to
payment options, National Service and Tracking of the ban on firecrackers. The Bench of Justices AK
Electronic Processes (NTSEP), Supreme Court Sikri and Ashok Bhushan was hearing the petition
Legal Services Committee (SCLSC), user manual seeking a ban on firecrackers when the question
and awareness guide for services offered under the about conflicting rights of the citizens to clean air
e-Courts program. and the right of the firecracker manufacturers to
In line with the Supreme Court’s endeavour to carry on their trade.
tackle air pollution in the capital, vehicles plying in The Supreme Court has notified the guidelines for
the National Capital Region (NCR) of Delhi will be designation of lawyers and advocates-on-record as
required to display colour-coded stickers on their Senior Advocates. This comes pursuant to the
windshields indicating the nature of the fuel used. directions contained in its own judgment in this
While hearing the matter concerning air pollution regard in a petition by Senior Advocate Indira
in Delhi, the Bench of Justice Madan Lokur and Jaising. It took the court ten long months to finalise
Justice Deepak Gupta. the same. The Guidelines are called “Supreme
In a significant direction, the Supreme Court Court Guidelines to regulate Conferment of
ordered Legal Services Authorities of all States to Designation of Senior Advocates, 2018”.
extend video conferencing facility for accused In a set back to the Delhi Government, the Delhi
lodged in jail in criminal cases to interact with their High Court has set aside notifications revising the
lawyers. The order was passed by a Bench of minimum rate of wages for all classes of
Justices AM Sapre and UU Lalit in two murder workmen/employees across all scheduled
cases. employments under the Minimum Wages Act, 1948
The Kerala High Court observed that ridiculing the (Act) and re-constituting the Minimum Wages
husband before his close friends, relatives and Advisory Committee (Committee) for such
colleagues and challenging his dignity amounts to scheduled employments.
cruelty. The division bench of Justice AM Shaffique

LE Explains
NATIONAL REGISTER OF CITIZENS (NRC)
In the backdrop of history, the time-period of 19th and 20th those citizens include the descendants of such doubtful
century witnessed the influx of migrants from different citizens and such people whose cases are pending before
colonies of British India. The liberal behavior of the foreign tribunals and etc.
authorities towards the migrants promoted them to settle
in the State of Assam in search of safe place. Even after Now, the Government has provided a deadline of August
the partition, illegal inundation did not settle. Pursuant 30th for the people who were left out of the register, to file
to which, the Government of India enacted the
Immigrants (Expulsion from Assam) Act, 1950 that
mandated the eviction of these illegal immigrants and
refugees in the State of Assam. In order to discover the
illegal migrants, during the census of 1951 the Ministry
of Home Affairs directed the State to develop and
maintain a depository of citizens’ information, which
was later came to be known as the National Register of
Citizens. It was like an information bank to be
maintained by the Government to fight against the
problem of illegal immigration. However, this step did
not materialize the end purpose. The 1961 Census
reported more than 2 lakhs illegal influx of migrants into
the State. their objection and claims, thereby, to prove the validity
of their citizenship. There is a chance of reconsideration
Following this, the Union Government decided for a joint given to them to appeal their claims once again. The left
initiative with the Government of Assam to step up the out applications are not yet labeled as refugees or
process of completion of the National Register of Citizens immigrants; however, only those applications which
and issuance of identity cards only to the Indian citizens. were submitted in that three-month time period in 2015
In the year 1966, this project became unviable and was would be considered for re-hearing.
brought to a halt. Looking at the vulnerable situation of If this system is materialized and put into operation, then
the State, the project turned to be highly impracticable the State of Assam would be the first such State to have a
and non-feasible. Nonetheless, after a petition filed in the National Register of Citizens, in India and will also
Supreme Court by the Assam Public Works, an NGO, the decrease the problem of Illegal immigration into the State
division bench of the Hon’ble Supreme Court directed the and therefore, the issue of South East Asian terrorism
Central Government and Government of Assam to jointly wave sweeping into India will be resolved to a certain
take the initiative to update the National Register of extent.
Citizens under the Citizenship Act, 1955, and as per the
rules formulated in the Assam Accord. Consequently, the However, the implementation of NRC may also have
Registrar General of the county came out with a some of the Humanitarian implications, and the active
notification dated December 6, 2013 to begin the project. pro-refugee organizations may bring this issue into light
Despite the Apex Court’s order of immediate action, the at any International platforms like UN. Post-Rohingya
updating process could only start by 2015 in the State. It crisis, the UN’s Human Rights Council and the
took almost 3 months for the Government consortium to Humanitarian commissions like ICRC have become
run through the whole process and almost 3 crore people quite dedicated in providing the rights to the refugees
filed applications to be registered under the National and implementing NRC at such a stage, just may not be
Register of Citizens. There was extensive verification lauded at the International platform; however, only
conducted by the Government in order to ensure veracity because it might not be lauded at the International Stage
of the claims and it comprised house-to-house field must not restrain India from having a comprehensive
verification, determining the veracity of submitted policy at place, as this step may be harmful for the
documents, perusing the family tree to rule out fake and innocent refugees, but they can be protected under the
phony claims of paternal or ancestral linkages, and Humanitarian Law; however, the criminal minds under
separate hearings for married women to ensure an the garb of refugees cannot be nurtured under the aegis
unbiased and uninfluenced hearings. Some of the citizens of Humanitarian Law and should be forced to leave and
were put on hold, owing to their doubtful origin and open their illegal immigrant status.

ARTICLE 35A: A NEW-SPRUNG DISPUTE OF LEGITIMACY
Art. 35A empowers the Jammu and Kashmir state within the definition of permanent residents and the
legislature to define ‘permanent residents’ of the state and privileges and rights with respect to employment under
provide special rights and privileges to them. It was the state government, acquisition of immovable property,
added through a Presidential Order i.e. The Constitution settlement, and scholarships and other forms of aid by the
(Application to Jammu and Kashmir) Order, 1954 which State Government. The Article also provides that any
was issued on 14 May 1954 by the President of India, such law enacted by the State legislature couldn’t be
exercising the powers conferred on him by clause (1) of scrutinised and declared void if found inconsistent with
the Art. 370, and with the concurrence of the Government the fundamental rights conferred on the other citizens of
of Jammu and Kashmir. India.
PRE-INDEPENDENCE POSITION THE CURRENT DEBATE

Before 1947, Jammu and Kashmir was a princely state Since independence, Jammu and Kashmir has been a
under British paramountcy. The people of princely constant topic of debate for various reasons. Be it issues
states were “state subjects’ and not British colonial of armed militancy, terrorism, instances of human rights
subjects. In the early 20th century, political movements violations, external aggression, the state attracts a lot of
had led to the emergence of the title of “hereditary state discussion. In the legal sphere too, issues like Art. 370, the
subject” as a political identity for the state’s people. This Armed Forces (Special Protection) Act have continued to
was done after certain communities had sought special remain prominent in the public sphere. However, Art.
privileges with respect to the state government jobs. The 35A had never really attracted much attention until a
Hereditary State Subject order issued by the Maharaja of Delhi-based NGO, We the Citizens filed a petition in the
Jammu and Kashmir had granted the state subjects the Supreme Court challenging the provision and arguing
right to government office and right to use and own land, that it should be abrogated as it is “unconstitutional”. The
which were not available to non-state subjects. principal argument of the petitioners is that Art. 35A was
added by bypassing the prescribed method of amending
POST-INDEPENDENCE SITUATION
The state of Jammu and Kashmir acceded to the
Dominion of India (as it was then) on 26 th Oct 1947 and
an Instrument of Accession (IoA) was signed by the
Maharaja to that effect. The IoA mentioned three
domains over which the Maharaja would cede control to
India: defence, external affairs and communications. This
relationship was formalised by Art. 370 of the
Constitution which gave Jammu and Kashmir special
status within the Union until it formulated and adopted
its own Constitution and decided upon the nature of the
relationship that the state would have with the Indian
Union. After discussions between the Government of
the Constitution under Art. 368 and instead inserted by
India and a delegation of the Jammu and Kashmir
the means of a Presidential Order under Art. 370. They
government on the relations between the Centre and the
argue that the right of amending the Constitution lies
state, an agreement between the two was reached, known
with the legislature and not the President, which is an
as the 1952 Delhi Agreement. As regards citizenship, both
executive post. It is contested that because of the
governments agreed that all the residents of the state
aforementioned reasons, Art. 35A is ultra vires the
would be conferred with Indian citizenship, but the state
Constitution.
would be empowered to legislate over the rights and
The issue has drawn vast attention from the public;
privileges of the state subjects, who would be called
political and legal commentators are divided on the
‘permanent residents’. In pursuance of this agreement,
legality of Art. 35A. But one thing that is acknowledged
the President issued The Constitution (Application to
by both the sides is that the question entails
Jammu and Kashmir) Order, 1954 through which
socioeconomic and political ramifications, whatever the
citizenship was extended to the residents of the state
Court decides. It is the provision which shields Section 6
and inter alia, Art. 35A was inserted, enabling the State
of the Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir, which defines
legislature to define the classes of persons who shall come
the term Permanent Resident. Furthermore, several laws

which confer such residents with special privileges could Commission to the state. It is argued that if the court takes
come under the scanner of the Court. These special rights this position, this progress would be lost and the state
include exclusive voting rights in local and state elections, could return to pre-1954 arrangement where the Union
eligibility for state government jobs, exclusive property had powers only with respect to defence, foreign affairs,
ownership rights and more. One social phenomenon that and communications, and essentially lead to a
has been highlighted is that the heirs of women who constitutional crisis.
marry non-permanent citizens do not get any inheritance
rights. The plight of refugees and manual scavengers who CONCLUSION
migrated from Pakistan and Punjab and have been living It must be noted that a similar issue was decided by a
in the state since several generations is also emphasized. constitution bench of the apex court in the case of Puranlal
Some argue that this is against the special status promised Lakhanpal vs. The President Of India, where the power of
to Jammu and Kashmir and is an attack on its autonomy. the President to modify a provision of the Constitution
They argue that this move is an attempt to change the under Art. 370 was considered by the court. In that case,
demographics of the state. As 41 subsequent amending the Supreme Court had adopted a fairly liberal
Presidential Orders of the same nature have been passed, interpretation of the word ‘modify’, as given in Art. 370.
if the 1954 Constitution Application order is found Since Art. 35A also emanates from an order under Art.
invalid, it would apply to all of them. These subsequent 370, the precedent may play an important role in the
Orders have extended the power to legislate to the Union determination of the case. To conclude, the matter is sub
on 94 out of the 97 entries in the Union list mentioned in judice and the Court is still considering whether to refer it
the seventh schedule. They’ve also made 260 of the 395 to a constitution bench. It will be interesting to see how
Articles applicable in the state, along with extending the the Supreme Court decides the issue and the reasoning it
power of the Supreme Court and the Election adopts.

Super Moon
The brightest object capable of being spotted by the whole, passes through the Earth’s umbral shadow. In case
human eye in the night sky (the moon) happens to be the of a total lunar eclipse, the moon receives no direct light
only natural satellite of Earth. With an average radius of from the Sun. A minimal portion of light manages to
1737.5 kilometres, the distance between the Earth as well reach the moon indirectly. These rays, however, are
as the Moon is such that an estimate of 30 Earth-sized forced to pass through the deep atmosphere of the Earth
objects could fit in-between the two. The Moon orbits that in turn filters out majority of the blue light and
around the Earth in a similar manner as the Earth orbits refracts remaining – deep reddish/ orangish - light in
around the Sun. The Moon, however, completes a such a way that it manages to reach the moon. This left-
revolution around the Earth in an average of 29.5 days. over light, reaching the moon adorns the moon with a
The synchronous rotation of the Moon in relation to the visible tinge of vibrant red colour.
Earth and, its path of revolution around Earth; moulds
our perspective towards the moon and helps establish The night of 31st January, 2018, was especially considered
different phases the Moon is assumed to go through to be unique as three lunar events were seen to have
(ranging from a Full Moon to a New Moon.) During a Full occurred simultaneously. By many, it was called as the
Moon, the hemisphere of the moon; that faces the Earth – “Super Blue Blood Moon.” It became the first recorded
is completely illuminated. On the other hand, in case of a Blue Moon recorded in the calendar year 2018. Blue moon
New Moon – the far side of the Moon, facing away from is a term used to refer to a second full moon in a calendar
the Earth is illuminated – which prevents the moon from month. It was also, what scientist commonly refer to as a
being visible in the night sky. “supermoon” – where the moon remains positioned on its
closest point to Earth, making it look slightly larger and
Lunar Eclipse is a phenomenon which occurs when the brighter than usual. Apart from this, the three bodies –
moon passes through the shadow of the Earth. As we all moon, Earth and the Sun were aligned in a straight line in
know; the moon has no light of its own; its surface merely such a manner so as to mark the occurrence of a Total
reflects the light emanating from the sun. At a point in Lunar Eclipse marked by rendition of a vibrant tinge of
time, the revolution of - the Earth (around the Sun) as well red to the moon.
as the Moon (around the Earth) gives rise to a situation
wherein the Earth, Moon and Sun are aligned to form a The 85th Lunar Eclipse of the century, on the 27 th of July,
straight line. If the Earth is stationed between the two; it 2018 was the longest one of the 21st century. It was
blocks either a portion or all of the light that the moon in estimated to have lasted for an approximate duration of 1
the usual course reflects from the sun. This phenomenon hour and 43 minutes. The reason behind this is that
is known as a Lunar eclipse. A lunar eclipse occurs only instead of being positioned in the closest point to the
on Full Moon Days. The reason why a lunar eclipse does Earth (presigee), the moon was stationed on the point
not occur every month is that the moon’s axis is titled by which is most distant from the Earth (apogee.) Another
5 degrees in comparison the that of the Earth’s. Hence, in aspect that made this lunar eclipse unique is that it
the normal course, every calendar year witnesses two coincided with the time when Planet Mars was estimated
total lunar eclipses. This kind of eclipse is either – to tread closest to the Earth. The visibility of a blood moon
penumbral, total or partial. A penumbral lunar eclipse hugely depends upon the density of the Earth’s
occurs when the Moon passes through the Earth’s atmosphere. The more particles or dust in the
penumbra (the outer lighter portion of a shadow.) This atmosphere (as in case of a time following a volcanic
kind of the lunar eclipse often goes unnoticed, and is eruption) – the darker and duller the moon will appear
mainly recorded by scientists or academicians for to be. These eclipses provide scientists with great
research or other academic purposes. In case of a partial opportunities to study the variations in the moon’s
lunar eclipse; a portion of the moon passes through the surface and climate that in turn tends to have an effect on
Earth’s umbra (dark core of a shadow), the moon seems the Earth as well. The gravitational force of the moon
to be partially “eclipsed” or hidden by the Earth. A total plays a significant role in altering the tides on Earth.
eclipse, as the term suggests, occurs when the moon as a

Potpourri
20 LEGAL ONE LINERS
1. Mandal Commission for Backward Classes was set up in 1978.
2. Defamation is an offence against Reputation.
3. Remedy of Law of Torts is Unliquidated Damages.
4. The concept of Fundamental Duties in Indian Constitution is derived from the Constitution of U.S.S.R.
5. Inter-State Council is established under Article 263 of the Constitution of India.
6. Under a contract between the parties, plea of undue influence may be raised only by the party whose consent was
so caused.
7. World Day against Child Labour is celebrated on June 12 every year.
8. Ordinarily, place of trial is where the offence has been committed.
9. World Hindi Conference to be held in Mauritius this year.
10. Inquiry is conducted by a magistrate with a view to find out prima facie case.
11. For an offence of cheating, intention to cheat should be present from the very beginning.
12. For defence of intoxication to escape criminal liability, the intoxication administered should be against the
defendant’s will or knowledge.
13. Defamation by spoken words or gestures is known as Slander.
14. The liability of master for the acts of his servant in Law of Torts is called vicarious liability.
15. The mind of the makers of the Constitution of India is reflected in its Preamble.
16. Recently, First Open Jail was opened in Hoshangabad, Madhya Pradesh.
17. G.S.T. stands for Goods and Service Tax.
18. The Vice President is the ex officio Chairman of the Council of States.
19. Right to Property is a Constitutional Right.
20. The Chief Justice of India administers oath to the President.
Maxims and Foreign Phrases

1. Capax Doli- capable of doing wrong
# Raju, a ten year old takes away a gold ring found on the table at his neighbour’s place. He sell the gold ring in the
market and without informing anyone uses that money to buy himself a new jacket. Here Raju is capax doli,
someone who is capable of understanding the consequences while committing an act.
2. Intra vires- within power
# An act is said to be intra vires (“within the power”) of a person or corporation when it is within the scope of his or
its powers or authority. A police person arresting A following the orders issued through warrant is said to have
acted intra vires.
3. Pro rata- in proportion.
# when liability for a negligent tort or a defective product concerns many manufacturers, the liability under tort law
is allocated pro rata, i.e. each manufactures shares the liability.
4. Delegatus non potest delegar: A delegate or deputy cannot appoint another.
# This simply means that any person who is vested with a power by virtue of his position cannot transfer his power
to another. For eg: CEO directs the manager to make rules for employee’s code of conduct within the office premise.
The manager cannot further give his rule making power to his intermediaries.
5. Culpa paena par esto: Let the punishment be proportioned to the crime.
# One can’t give any person arbitrary punishment. The punishment should be according to the one prescribed under
the law and should justify the wrong. Court cannot punish a trespasser with death penalty and a murderer with just
nominal fine.
6. Ex parte: Proceedings done in the absence of other party.
# An ex parte decision is one decided by a judge without requiring all of the parties to the controversy to be
present. There are certain cases where the other party to the suit does not show up to defend itself in such cases
court decides the case while hearing the party present in the court.
7. Functus Officio- an officer or agency whose mandate has expired either because of the arrival of an expiry date or
because an agency has accomplished the purpose for which it was created. When used in relation to a court, it may
also mean whose duty or authority has come to an end.

# the best example would be Cauvery Water Dispute Tribunal. It was formed to resolve the dispute and once it is
resolved the tribunal will be dissolved and would become functus officio.
8. Pro Bono Publico- for the public good.
# Mr. Sharma, a Supreme Court advocate fighting a case for Bhopal Gas Tragedy victims without charging any fee
is a pro bono public case. The motivation behind pro bono work is to benefit society as opposed to making money.
9. Locus Standi- the right or capacity to bring an action or to appear in a court.
# Any person subject to criminal offence in the territory of India has a locus standi in the court within the territory
of India.
10. Sub Judice- before a court of law or a judge; under judicial consideration
# Sub judice refers to a matter before a court or a judge, under judicial consideration and not yet decided. When a
matter has yet to be proved or disproved in a court case it is sub judice and unable to be discussed or stated as a fact
in public. By not referring to matters that are sub judice, the rights to a fair trial are protected because it ensures that
a potential jury is not influenced by misinformation or false claims.
KEY DIFFERENCES BETWEEN IMPORTANT CONCEPTS

1. Civil Law System and Common Law System
(a) Civil law originated from Roman law and is predominantly followed in Europe and South America. Common
law originated from England and is followed in England, United States, India, Australia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Hong
Kong etc.
(b) In the Civil law system, the major source of law is legislations or codified law while in Common law system, the
major source of law is customs and judge made law or precedents.
(c) In Civil law system, the role of the judge is that of an examiner, actively examining the evidence; on the other
hand in the Common law system, the judge plays the role of an umpire or a referee.
(d) In the Civil law system, the lawyer does not play an important role in the trial whilst in the Common law system
the trial is dominated by lawyers.
(e) The trial in a Common law system is Accusatorial /Confrontational while trial in a Civil law system is
Inquisitorial/Collaborative.
(f) In the Civil law system, remedies not codified in the statues are not permitted. However in the Common law
system, the judges are empowered to provide equitable remedy that is fair and just even if not codified in a statute.
(g) In the Civil law jurisdictions, trial is by a single or a panel of judges, while is many Common law jurisdictions,
juries play an important role in the trial.
2. Fundamental Rights and Fundamental Duties
(a) Fundamentals Rights are in the nature of privileges granted under Part III of the Constitution of India while
Fundamental Duties are in the nature of obligations imposed under Part IVA of the Constitution of India.
(b) While some Fundamental Rights such as the right to freedom of speech and expression are granted only to the
citizens of India other Fundamental Rights such as right to life are granted to all persons. However, Fundamental
Duties are imposed only on the citizens of India.
(c) Fundamental Rights are considered sacrosanct rights and violation of any fundamental rights can be enforced in
a court of law. On the other hand, Fundamental Duties are not enforceable unless a law has been passed for the
implementation of the Fundamental Duties. That is in case of a violation of a fundamental right; the person whose
fundamental right has been violated can approach a court of law for protection of his right. However, if a citizen does
not abide by a fundamental duty for which a law has not been passed, the Government cannot enforce such a duty
against the citizen.
(d) Fundamental Rights are rights which citizens/persons have against the state while Fundamental Duties are
obligations of citizens towards the state.
3. Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP)
(a) Fundamentals Right are in the nature of privileges granted to citizens and persons while DPSP are principles that
the state should follow while making laws.
(b) Fundamental Rights are enforceable in a court of law while DPSP are not enforceable in a court of law. For
example if a DPSP is not followed or obeyed, its implementation cannot be secured in a court of law.

LE Prep Assist
Mentor View- Mathematics
Dear Students,
When Students start preparation for any entrance exam they search for a reason to succeed in exam means they
want to know what we should do for exam so that they become successful.
But as I know there are many reasons behind success and very few reason behind failure in any exam. Here we
are discussing about this.
There are two major problems that the students of CLAT are facing now-a-days. Before going to these two
problems first you should know these problems are in an order, means if you cross first barrier then you will
face second otherwise you will not.
First problem is over discussion – When you start preparation you also start too much discussion on CLAT
with different type of people like your classmates, hostel mates, your seniors and many other people. These all
people give you many suggestion that affect your preparation and your preparation leads in a random
directions. Many people give you different schedule, many give you different sources for study, many give you
different study material and so on. So at this point you don’t know what you should follow or what you should
deny and are in a dilemma. At this time your efficiency is at its lowest.
Solution to this problem is to follow completely (Blindly) your teachers/mentors, they are best helping hands at
this time. Discuss as much as you can with your teachers, share every problem with them. They will give you a
suitable solution for your problem. If you cross this first barrier then you face second problem.
Importance of all five subjects –

After one month of preparation many students categorize the five subjects into two groups-
First one is simple subjects and second is difficult subjects. For students if a subject is in their comfort zone then
it is easy and if this takes efforts then it is difficult.
And here categorization is not a problem, problem is criteria because many students don’t score even in easy
subjects.
At this moment you should know the nature of the subject. Few subjects will take time, they will destroy your
days and night after that they will give you marks. A Few subject will gives you marks easily. So identify your
subjects that will take time and start your preparation and focusing on them. If you don’t focus on your low
scoring subjects than you are not a part of the competition.
Simple things do not decide your competition.

A Competition is a matter of difficult things that only few people do and most people do not.
Conclusively one point is if we learn only simple things then why we take such time i.e. year break or other one
year and two year’s time.
So, start your preparation with-
“Start where you are, Use what you have, Do what you can”.
Regards’
Arvind Bhargava
(HOD Mathematics)
LegalEdge Bhopal

Mentor View- English Language
Modus operandi to acing the language section
Dear Seekers,
First things first. Remember this journey of being a CLAT aspirant to a law student begins with
introspection. I bet you don’t wish to be a cat that thinks it is a lion. You will be cheating yourself if you underestimate
or overestimate yourself.Do “SWOT”(Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threat) analysis for yourself and start working
on your wealnesses.
Difficulties are a part and parcel of competitive exams. Keep that in mind. Nonetheless, do not allow your problems
to take a toll on your mental or physical health. Learn to “Let Go”. Don’t spend too much time reading others’ success
stories rather than creating yours. It’s wise to have a plan B for tackling every question type. You wouldn’t want to
feel like a deer caught in the headlights if your initial plan failed.
First things first. Let’s have a roadmap to becoming a reader, which is pretty much the means and ends of this journey.
Have a look at this list:
1. “Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone by J.K. Rowling

2. Outliers by Malcolm Gladwell
3. The Art Of War by Sun Tzu
4. Sherlock Holmes: The Ultimate Collection by Arthur Conan Doyle
5. Tuesdays with Morrie by Mitch Albom
6. Eat Pray Love by Elizabeth Gilbert.
7. The Jonathan Livingston Seagull by Richard Bach
8. Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy by Douglas Adams
9. Fantastic Mr Fox by Roald Dahl
10. Malgudi days by R.K. Narayan
11. Freakonomics by Stephen J. Dubner and Steven Levitt
12. Sita: An Illustrated Retelling of the Ramayana by Devdutt Pattanaik
13. Alice's Adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll.
14. Kafka on the Shore by Haruki Murakami
15. An era of Darkness by Shashi Tharoor
It’s a motley collection of books, which will whet your appetite and prepare you for this journey.
How many books from this list have you read? I expect at least one would be the answer. In case you are just beginning, pick
books from this list and dig into them. Read all or most of these books and get some reading confidence behind yourself.
You should also pick-up articles (selectively) from The Hindu, The Indian Express or The Times of India on a daily basis. The
Sunday editions are always the best as they offer a quick re-cap of the week as well as an interesting analysis.
So you can give yourself extra time to read these.
Once you familiarize yourself with basics of the language you can begin your adventure with Reading
Comprehension.Here are some hacks for tackling RC’s: -
You may skip a particular Reading Comprehension question if you are unable to manage time. However, never skip the
comprehension as a whole. Some questions will be easy to answer. Another rookie mistake is to always think about the answer
and almost never about the question. Comprehend the question before attempting to answer it. The answers will not be in a format
of copy-paste from the passage. Read carefully and understand. You are also better off cultivating a habit of taking notes about
pertinent points that you come across while reading passages. It will save you time during the test.
As far as your word power is concerned, it will only improve if you learn making association with a word or else, it
may feel like an endlessly futile exercise.
Above all, TRY, FAIL, RETRY. If you play too safe because you don’t want to fail, then you fail, by default. This
preparation period is a blessing in disguise for you. It can work wonders and upgrade you intellectually, if you allow
it to.
Hoping that you will do EXACTLY that. GODSPEED! In exuberant anticipation,
Anuja Saxena
SME (English)
LegalEdge Bhopal

Prep Test– Legal Aptitude
Total Questions: 50 Total Time: 30 mins
1. A proclamation of Emergency, unless it is approved by resolutions of both the Houses of Parliament, will cease to
be in operation within __________ from the date of its proclamation.
(a) Six months (b) Three months (c) Two months (d) One month
2. The usual term of office of an elected mayor is:

(a) 1 year (b) 2 years (c) 3 years (d) 5 years
3. For acquiring citizenship by registration, a person (of Indian origin) should have been ordinarily resident in India
for a period of:
(a) Seven years (b) Five years (c) Twelve years (d) Two years
4. Which of the following sets of articles provides for reservation of SCs/STs in Lok Sabha state wise on the basis of
population ratio?
(a) Articles 324 and 334 (b) Article 340 and 344
(c) Articles 330 and 324 (d) Articles 330 and 334
5. Who among the following became the Prime Minister of India without being earlier the Chief Minister of a
State?
(a) Morarji Desai (b) Charan Singh (c) Chandra Shekhar (d) P.V. Narasimha Rao
6. The 39th Constitutional Amendment laid that election of any person to Lok Sabha holding the office of Prime
Minister cannot be challenged before a Court of Law, but only before an authority established by Parliament. This
was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in:
(a) KeshavanandaBharati case (b) Maneka Gandhi case
(c) Indira Gandhi v. Raj Narain case (d) None of the above
7. The Government establishes Gram Nyayalaya for every:

(a) District (b) Circle (c) Block (d) Tehsil
8. The Punjab and Haryana High Court observed that sharing social media posts with seditious, divisive content could
constitute the offence of waging war against the state. Which provision of the IPC does this come under?
(a) Section 121 & 121A (b) Section 120
(c) Section 122 (d) Section 123
9. Which of the following courts issued directions to reduce waste generation and minimise use of plastic items in its
courts?
(a) Kerala (b) Delhi (c) Madras (d) Karnataka
10. What among the following does the act of husband repeatedly taking loans on the wife’s name knowing well that
she had no source of income, and had failed to repay them, putting her in trouble amount to?
(a) Fraud (b) Cruelty (c) Domestic violence (d) None of the above
11. Concerning drug abuse in what of the following institutions did the Uttarakhand High Court issue a slew of
directions?
(a) Educational institutions (b) Financial institutions
(c) Both of the above (d) Neither of the above
12. Which amongst the following did the Bombay High Court in Sham Kumbhakarna vs. Yogita has held that cannot
be made under the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005?
(a) Residence order (b) permanent custody
(c) Both of the above (d) None of the above

13. The Court recently held that recovery of narcotics from inside the body of the suspect should not be cruel and
invasive as to fall foul of Article 21 of the Constitution. What does Article 21 deal with?
(a) Right to livelihood (b) Right to life
(c) Right to health (d) Right to safe medical treatment
14. The spearhead of the Kali Bachao Andolan passed away in July. Who amongst the following is the said activist?
(a) Medha Patekar (b) Ajit Nayak (c) Kapil Sibal (d) Ram Jethmalani
15. The Lok Sabha passed “The Trafficking of Persons(Prevention, Protection and Rehabilitation) Bill 2018”. Which
ministry introduced the said Bill?
(a) Ministry of home affairs
(b) Ministry of foreign affairs
(c) Ministry of women and child development
(d) All of the above
Principles: Any person who interferes with the discharge of duties by a public servant is liable for punishment. Nothing is an offence if
the person who committed it was unable to appreciate the consequences of his act, due to intoxication, provided such intoxication was
administered against his will and without his consent.
Facts: Mohan doss got drunk of his own volition and on his way back home he assaulted a policeman.
He is prosecuted for intimidating a public servant.
16. Is Mr. Mohan doss liable for punishment?
(a) Mohan Doss got drunk voluntarily and therefore is not absolved from the liability.
(b) Mohan Doss was not in his senses when the act was committed and therefore cannot be held guilty for the same.
(c) Mohan Doss could differentiate between right and wrong and therefore shall be held liable.
(d) None of the above.
Principles:
I. An agreement enforceable in a court of law is a contract
II. ln order for an agreement to be enforceable in a court of law, there must be a meeting of minds between both the parties.
III. Parties to a contract should do something for the other party. The obligation to do something for the other party is mutual. This is
called 'consideration' and absence of consideration renders the contract unenforceable.lf Sunder goes to court:
17. Facts: Mohan promised to take Sundar out for a dinner in Taj Coromandal. Even after two weeks,
Mohan did not fulfill the promise. Sundar wants to sue Mohan to enforce that promise.
(a) He can compel Mohan to buy him a dinner at Taj Coromandal
(b) He can recover the value of dinner from Mohan
(c) This promise will not be enforced by a Court of Law as there is no consideration from Sundar.
(d) None of the above answers is correct.
Principle: A master shall be liable for the acts of his servants done in the course of employment.
18. Facts: HMT, a public sector undertaking, is operating a number of bus services for its employees in Bangalore. These
buses are quite distinct in their appearance and carry the board “for HMT employees only”. M, a villager from
neighboring state, was waiting for a regular bus in one of the bus stops in Bangalore. A bus belonging to HMT
happened to stop nearby and a number of people got into the bus. M, without realizing that it was an HMT bus, got
into the bus, and soon thereafter, the bus met with an accident due to the driver’s negligence. M, along with several
others, was injured in the accident M seeks to file a suit against HMT claiming damages.
(a) M will succeed, because he got into the bus without realizing that it was an HMT bus.
(b) M will not succeed, because it was for him to find out whether it was a public transport.
(c) M will succeed, because the driver was anyhow duty-bound to drive carefully.
(d) M will not succeed, because M was an unauthorized passenger in the bus.
Principle: No one can accept a proposal without any knowledge there of.
19. Facts: Ramesh proposed to give a reward of Rs. 1000/- to anyone informing him the about the whereabouts of his
lost dog. The proposal was printed in a daily newspaper by name “The Daily Observer”, on 1. 1. 1994. On 3rd
January, Rahim, a friend of Ramesh, happened to see the dog and informed Ramesh about it. Ramesh immediately

rushed to the spot and collected the dog. At that time, neither Rahim knew about the award (since he was not
regular reader of “The Daily Observer”), nor Ramesh mentioned anything about the award. On the 5th January,
Rahim came to know about the announcement of the award through a friend of him and he demanded the reward
of Rs. 1000/- from Ramesh. Ramesh refused to pay.
(a) Ramesh has to pay the amount, because he had promised to pay the amount to anyone giving the information
about the dog.
(b) Ramesh need not pay the amount, because Rahim had given the information without knowing about the reward.
(c) Ramesh need not pay the amount because the promise was made only to the readers of “The Daily Observer”.
(d) Its upon Ramesh whether he wants to reward his friend or not.
Principle: Whoever, intending to take dishonestly any property out of the possession of another person, moves that property for such
taking, is said to commit theft.
20. Facts: Suresh went into the house of his friend Ramesh to discuss some important matter. Since Ramesh was not at
home, Suresh waited for him in the latter’s drawing room. When Ramesh did not turn up, Suresh took out a pen
from Ramesh’s table and wrote down a message and went home. While going back, by force of habit, he just
dropped the pen into the pocket. Subsequently, he forgot about it. Since the pen happened to be very valuable one,
Ramesh complained to the police and the police traced the pen in Suresh’s house.
(a) Suresh committed theft, because he took the pen without Ramesh’s consent.
(b) Suresh committed theft, because he failed to return the pen.
(c) Suresh did not commit theft, because he did not have the dishonest intention.
(d) None of the above
Principle: A partner has an implied authority to raise a loan on behalf of the partnership business, if it is necessary in the usual course
of business.
21. Facts: A, B, and C are partners in a firm of Chartered Accountants. They had agreed that none of them would
contract a loan in the name of the firm without the consent of all the partners. Nevertheless, A took a loan from a
Bank in the name of the firm and spent the money for his personal purposes. The Bank demanded the repayment
from the partnership firm.
(a) The partnership firm is not liable, because the partners had unanimously agreed that none of them would raise
a loan in the name of the firm.
(b) The partnership firm is not liable, because raising a loan is not in the usual course of business in this case.
(c) The partnership firm is liable because A had acted as a partner while raising the loan.
Principle: Whoever delivers to any person as genuine any counterfeit currency which he knows to be counterfeit currency which he did
not know to be counterfeit at the time when he received it is guilty of an offence.
22. Facts: Mr. Ramachandran is a cashier in a school. One evening his wife returned home from market, and while she
was counting the remaining money, Mr. Ramachandran noticed counterfeit currency note of Rs. 100. His wife told
him that it was given to her by way of change when she gave a Rs. 500 note in the grocery shop by the person at the
cash counter. Mr. Ramachandran goes to the same shop with a view to get rid of the counterfeit note. He buys a
shaving cream worth Rs. 32.50 and gives the counterfeit note at the cash counter. The cashier inspects the note and
realises that it is counterfeit. He calls the police.
(a) Mr. Ramachandran is not guilty of any offence because he neither manufactured the counterfeit note nor did he
circulate it with a view to deceive anybody.
(b) Mr. Ramachandran is not guilty because he was attempting to return the counterfeit note to the same person from
whom he received it.
(c) Mr. Ramachandran is guilty because he attempted to deliver a counterfeit currency note as genuine which he
knew was counterfeit.

Principle: A bailment is the delivery of goods by one person to another for some purpose, upon a contract that they shall, when the
purpose is accomplished, be returned. In all cases of bailment the person whom the goods are delivered is expected to take as much care
of the goods as a man of ordinary prudence would, under similar circumstances take of his own goods of similar nature.
23. Facts: Mrs. Basanti gave 25 gms of pure gold to M/s. HiralalShroff and Company - a firm of jewellers to make two
bangles of a particular design out of that gold. The jewellers kept the gold in an almirah in their shop. There was
burglary in the shop and the gold given by Mrs. Basanti was stolen along with other jewellery belonging to the firm.
The burglars broke open one of the shop windows. The firm had not employed a watchman to guard their valuables
during the night. Now Mr. Basanti brings an action against the firm for compensation.
(a) The firm of jewellers is not liable to compensate Mrs. Basanti because they took as much care as they took in
respect of their own goods which is established by the fact that their own goods were also stolen along with the
gold belonging to Mrs. Basanti.
(b) The firm is liable to compensate Mrs. Basanti because it failed to take as much care as a man of ordinary prudence
ought to have taken in respect of the goods en-trusted.
(c) The firm is not liable to compensate Mrs. Basanti because it took reasonable care in respect of the goods entrusted
to it and the burglary could not have been avoided under any circumstances.
(d) The firm is liable to pay as this is a casae of bailment.
Principle: When a criminal act is done by one person in furtherance of the common intention himself and some other persons, each of
such persons is liable for the act in the same manner as it were done by each one of them.
24. Facts: A, B and C decided to commit burglary. They broke into a locked house. However, a domestic servant
appeared from the out-house before they had finished, and started shouting. A, B and C left the house and started
running away. They was pursued by a small crowd. A, on being caught by X, one of the persons pursuing them,
stabbed him and ran away. By that this B and C had disappeared. X died on account of the stab wounds. Later the
police could arrest all the three. They were charged for attempted burglary and murder of X.
(a) Along with A (one who stabbed X) B and C are also guilty of murder because A stabbed X in furtherance of
common intention to commit murder.
(b) Along with A, B and C are also guilty of murder because A, at the time of stabbing X, was acting on behalf of B
and C and he wanted to save not only himself but B and C as well.
(c) A alone is guilty of murder because though there was common intention to commit the offence of burglary, there
was no common intention to commit the offence of murder.
(d) A shot X in self defence, therefore A, B and C will only be liable for burglary.
Principle: When the parties to an agreement agree on the same thing in the same sense, there arises legally binding obligations between
them.
25. Facts: Zaverilal’s antique shop was a well-known shop of the locality. Taradevi, a socialite of the locality, went to
the shop and she was attracted by an earthen jar on display. Zaverilal explained to her that the jar belonged to
Hoysala period; and despite its earthen composition, it was very strong and almost unbreakable. Taradevi replied
to him that she was so captivated by the jar that it was immaterial to her as to which period it belonged. She bought
the jar and came home. She placed the jar in a prominent place in her drawing room. One of her friends, an art
critique, who happened to visit her, told her that the jar was not at all an Antique, but Taradevi did not bother about
it. Once day, it accidentally fell down and broke into pieces. Tara devi took up the matter with Zaverilal that his
both statements were wrong and therefore, he should pay damages to her.
(a) Zaverilal must compensate her, since his both the statements concerning jar were wrong.
(b) Zaverilal need not compensate, since, Tara devi was not concerned with its antique value at all.
(c) Zaverilal must compensate, because he carelessly made the statements.
(d) Zaverilal need not compensate as it was the duty of the Tara Devi to check about the earthen jar before buying it.
Principle: Interfering with another’s goods in such a way as to deny the latter’s title to the goods amounts to conversion and it is a civil
wrong.
26. Facts: Ram went to the bicycle stand a park his bicycle and he found the stand fully occupied. Ram removed a few
bicycles in order to rearrange the stand and make some space for his bicycle. He parked his bicycle properly and
put back all the bicycles except the one belonging to Shyam. It was rather negligent on the part of Ram and he was
in fact in a hurry to get into his office. Somebody came on the way and took away Shyam’s cycle. The watchman of
the stand did not take care of it assuming that the cycle was not parked inside the stand. Shyam filed a suit against
Ram for conversion.
(a) Shyam would succeed because Ram’s act led to the stealing of his bicycle.
(b) Shyam would not succeed, because Ram did not take away the bicycle himself
(c) Ram would not be held responsible for the negligence of the watchman.
(d) Ram would be held liable for the negligence done on his part.
Principle: Damages are payable for breach of contract and the purpose of damages is to compensate him for the loss suffered and not to
improve his position more than what it would have been if the contract had been duly performed.
27. Facts: A wanted to buy house and he contracted with a surveyor S to inspect a particular house and value it for him.
S surveyed the house and valued it for Rs. 10 lakhs. S, however, failed to notice the defective plumbing system in
the house and had he taken note of it, the house would have been worth only Rs. 8 lakhs. A followed S’s advice and
bought the house for Rs. 10 lakhs and thereafter spent Rs. 2 lakhs for repairing the plumbing system. He filed a suit
against S claiming Rs. 4 lakhs as damages.
(a) A should get Rs. 4 lakhs, because that was the amount that he has to spend finally to make the house worth living.
(b) A should get Rs. 2 lakhs, since he paid additional Rs. 2 lakhs on account of S’s negligence.
(c) A should get Rs. 4 lakhs, since that loss was attributable to S’s negligence.
(d) A should not get any compensation.
(e) None of the above
Principle: A person has no remedy against an injury caused by an act to which he has consented.
28. Facts: Ram was in a hurry to get to the airport to catch a plane and he hired a taxi run by Capital Taxi Company,
well-known in that locality. Rani asked the driver to drive fast. In the city zone, there was a speed limit of 60 km
per hour and the driver, rather reluctantly, drove quite fast at times 90 km per hour to reach to airport in time. As
a result, the driver lost control and hit an obstacle and Ram was badly injured. Ram filed a suit against the taxi
Company.
(a) The Taxi Company would not be liable since Ram asked the driver to drive fast.
(b) The Taxi Company would be liable, because the driver ought not to have exceeded the speed limit.
(c) The Taxi Company would be liable, because “driving fast” should only mean driving within the speed limits
prescribed by law.
(d) The Taxi Company would be held liable for not complying with traffic rules and driving at a very high speed.
Principle: No action arises from an immoral cause. So, when the action of the plaintiff is unlawful itself, it might lead to a defense in
general.
29. Facts: A is a contractor who wants to get a particular government contract for himself. To get it, he bribes B, the
primary person responsible for granting the tender. On the date fixed for granting the tender, A discovers that it
has been granted to someone else and not him, despite having paid a huge sum as bribe. A sues B. Decide the likely
course of action.
(a) B is liable towards A on grounds of breach of trust.

(b) B is liable towards law for taking bribe.
(c) B is not liable towards A since he did not ask for bribe from A and asking for bribe is quintessential to be held
liable for bribery.
(d) B is not liable towards a since the very act of A, i.e., bribing B, is unlawful.
Principle: Inevitable accident is such where the injury could not have been avoided inspite of reasonable care on part of the defendant.
In a suit for tort it is always a good defense if it can be shown that the defendant could not avoid the injury sustained by the plaintiff
despite his reasonable efforts.
30. Facts: In monsoon season, the road in front of A’s house gets very muddy due to overflowing of the drains of A’s
house. To prevent this A got the drainage system reconstructed so that it could bear the strong rains. One night it
rained heavily again and the drain construction broke down making the road extremely muddy. B, passing by the
road on a motor cycle slipped and injured himself. He sued A for damages. What should be the likely decision of
the court?
(a) A is not liable since breaking down of the drainage system was due to heavy rains which was out of his control
(b) A is liable since because of his drainage system’s breaking down, B got injured.
(c) A is liable since A should have employed people to clean the mud on the road.
(d) A is not liable because breaking down of the drainage system was due to B’s negligence.
Principle: An occupier of premises owes an obligation to the persons who enters those premises, in respect of their personal safety and
the safety of their property to a reasonable and foreseeable extent.
31. Facts: Sujeet, a hostler in Comity School was sleeping in his room when ceiling fan of his room fell on him, causing
minor injury to him. The reason for the falling of the fan was a latent defect in the tensile strength of the suspension
rod of the fan. In an action against the Comity School, Comity School is:
(a) Liable because it was a hostel maintained by Comity School and he was rightfully living there.
(b) Not liable because injury was not foreseeable
(c) Liable because of res ipsa loquitur (things speak for themselves)
(d) Liable because the injury was foreseeable
Principle: Pilgrimages, other than pilgrimages outside India is enlisted in the State list. The State List is exclusive of the Union’s powers.
32. Facts: Mr. Ramakant Shukla, a Member of the Parliament, is a religious man who lives in the state of Bundelkhand.
Every year, he visits the famous Shakti temple within the state. However, lately, the temple is suffering from a lot
of mismanagement due to lack of proper organisation. Mr. Shukla wants to introduce legislation in the Parliament
to setup a shrine board which would manage the affairs of the temple.
(a) Mr. Shukla can bring the legislation as the State government as failed to take any measures in this regard.
(b) Mr. Shukla cannot bring the legislation as the matter falls within the State list.
(c) Mr. Shukla can bring the legislation as even the Union Legislature can make laws regarding matters mentioned
in the state list.
(d) Mr. Shukla resides in the same state as the proposed shrine board.
33. Principle: Whoever causes death by doing an act with the intention of causing death, or with the intention of causing such
bodily injury as is likely to cause death, or with the knowledge that he is likely by such act to cause death, commits the offence
of culpable homicide.
Facts: Ramakant, who lived in a village, was very fond of hunting birds for sport. He decided to continue this sport
even after he shifted to the city. One day he went to a nearby park and saw a rare bird sitting on a tree. He took a shot
at the bird which unfortunately hit a man walking in the park. The man died.
(a) Ramakant will be liable as he hunting is an illegal act.

(b) Ramakant will not be liable as he did not have the intention of causing death.
(c) Ramakant will be liable as he had the knowledge that his act was likely to cause death as he was shooting in a
city with a large human population.
Principle: An act is a Murder which is done with the intention of causing death, or if it is done with the intention of causing such bodily
injury as the offender knows to be likely to cause the death of the person to whom the harm is caused.
34. Facts: Krishna owns a factory where thousands of labourers are employed. One day, the labourers gather around
his house protesting for increase in wages. Krishna gets highly irritated, takes out his gun and opens fire. Two of
the workers die in the incident. Is Krishna liable for Murder?
(a) Yes, as he was aware that his act would cause the death of the workers.
(b) No, as he did not have the intention of causing death.
(c) Yes, as the workers were not using any violent means and were unarmed.

Principle: The Fundamental duties are non-justiciable.
35. Facts: Aman refuses to stand up when the National Anthem is playing as he feels that the National Anthem does
not have any significance. Karan, an active citizen, decides to lodge a complaint against him as he feels that Aman
is disrespecting the National Anthem and thereby violating a Fundamental Duty.
(a) Aman can be liable as respecting the National Anthem is a Fundamental duty.
(b) Aman cannot be liable as law does not take notice of trifles.
(c) Aman cannot be liable as breach of Fundamental Duties cannot be tried in a court of law.
Principle: Law does not take notice of trifles.

36. Facts: Debo and Medha were best friends. One day Debo promised Medha to give her an ice cream treat if Medha
completed Debo’s homework. Medha kept her promise but Debo refused to treat Medha. Medha wants to sue Debo.
(a) Medha can sue Debo as there was a valid contract between them.
(b) Medha can sue Debo as the law is hears anyone who has suffered injustice.
(c) Medha cannot sue Debo as this is a trivial matter.
Principle: The fundamental freedoms in Article 19 of the Indian Constitution are subject to reasonable restrictions.
37. Facts: Since the Indian government is facing a foreign exchange crisis, it places restrictions on all imports for six
months. With regard to the import of newsprint (which is essential for publishing newspapers), the government
requires newspapers to apply for permits to be allowed to import the same. No criteria have been provided for the
issuance of the licenses. Is this a violation of freedom of speech and expression?
(a) No, because this is an unreasonable restriction.

(b) Yes, because the government can misuse the power to license only those newspapers that publish what the
government desires, effectively controlling the content.
(c) No, this is a reasonable restriction.
(d) No, because there is no reason to suspect that the government will not be objective in subjecting the licenses.
Solve Questions 38-42 on the basis of Principles and Facts provided below –
Principle:
I. Whoever takes or entices any minor out of the keeping of the lawful guardian of such minor, without the consent of such
guardian, is said to kidnap such minor from lawful Guardianship is said to have kidnapped that minor.
II. Whoever enters into or upon property in the possession of another with intent to commit an offence or to hurt, insult or
annoy any person in possession of such property is said to commit "criminal trespass".
III. Nothing is an offence which is done reasonably by a person who is, or who by reason of a mistake of fact commits an offence.
IV. Ignorance of law is no excuse.
Facts: Suman, a minor girl, used to visit the home of Nitin, a 35 year old man, who was a friend of Suman’s father. Both
started an illicit relationship as a consequence of which Dinesh, Suman’s father, restricted Suman’s visit to his house.
Consequently, Nitin asked his friend Ramesh, for asking Suman to come to his place since he had some urgent work.
Ramesh acted accordingly.
On Ramesh’s request, Suman consented and went with him in his car. Dinesh stopped the car, and threw Ramesh out of it.
Consequently, Ramesh entered the car with an iron brick to hit Dinesh. Seeing this, Dinesh hit Ramesh with an iron rod
because of which latter felt unconscious. When Suman informed Dinesh that Ramesh had died because of the latter’s act,
he burnt Ramesh’s body near a river. Later, it was found that Ramesh had not died because of the injuries, and Dinesh
burnt him alive.
In the meantime, Nitin reached the spot and took Suman away to his home, where she was seduced. He seduced since
Ramesh always told him that Suman was a major girl. Suits were filed in pursuance of these incidents. Decide upon them.
38. A suit was filed against Ramesh for kidnapping Suman. Can he be held liable?
(a) He will not be liable since he did not entice Suman for coming with him.
(b) He will not be liable since Suman willingly went with him on her discretion.
(c) He will be liable since he took away Suman from her father, or lawful guardianship.
(d) He will be liable since he induced Suman so that she comes along with him.
39. A suit was also filed against Nitin for the kidnapping of Suman. Can he be held liable?
(a) He cannot be held liable since he did not entice Suman thereby keeping her out of lawful guardianship.
(b) He can be held liable as he took away Sunam out of her father’s guardianship.
(c) He can be held liable since Ramesh was acting on his behalf, and making liable the main person is justifiable.
(d) He cannot be held liable since he did take away Suman from her father.
40. If Ramesh had been alive, can Dinesh, in such a situation, file a suit against him for criminal trespass when latter
entered the car? Can Ramesh will, in such a situation, be liable for criminal trespass?
(a) He can be held liable since he entered the car so as to injure Dinesh.
(b) He cannot be held liable since car was his property, and was in his possession
(c) He cannot be held liable since he did not cause criminal trespass.
(d) He can be held liable since because of his acts, Ramesh was consequently injured.
41. A suit was filed against Dinesh for burning Ramesh. But Dinesh argued that he acted under a mistake of fact. Can
Dinesh be held liable?
(a) Dinesh cannot be held liable since he acted under a mistake of fact by believing Ramesh to be dead.
(b) Dinesh cannot be held liable since he did not have an intention to cause death of Ramesh since he already believed
him to be dead.
(c) Dinesh can be held liable since he acted in an unreasonable manner resulting in Ramesh’s death.
(d) Dinesh can be held liable since Ramesh died because of his negligent acts.
42. What if Nitin had knowledge of Suman being a minor, can, in such a situation, Nitin be held liable?
(a) Nitin will be liable since mistake of law is no excuse.
(b) Nitin will not be liable since he seduced Suaman under a mistake of fact as to her age.
(c) Nitin will not be liable since he exercised reasonable care to find out the age of Suman.
(d) Nitin will not be liable since he seduced Suman on a belief that she was a major.
Solve Questions 43-44 on the basis of principle provided below-

Principle: Whoever stores a substance which would cause damage shall be strictly liable for any damage caused by the escape of that
substance.
43. Facts Company X manufactures acrylonitrile a very toxic substance. The chemical is used for the various
pharmaceutical substance and other purposes manufactured by the Company X. they use to transport the said
chemical to the manufacturing unit. One day while transferring the chemical from the factory in the sealed
containers there was leakage from one of the containers. Owners called the municipal corporation which instantly
decontaminated the whole area by using some special system of decontamination. The municipal authorities asked
for the charge of the decontamination. Owners of the company X refused to pay the full amount, they were willing
to pay only the amount which could have given in the case of normal contamination. Municipal authorities filed a
suit against the company.
(a) The company X will be liable to pay the whole amount as it would have caused great damage if there would be
no instant decontamination with the special system.
(b) The Company X will not be liable as it has exercised the reasonable care while sealing the containers.
(c) The Company will be held liable to pay the amount for normal contamination as it was their strict liability to pay
for the damage caused by the substance which was in its vicinity.
(d) The company will not be held liable as it is not their fault. It was just a matter of chance.
44. If the company would have taken all the reasonable care while sealing and transferring the chemical and then also
if there would have been a leakage then…
(a) The company will not be held liable as it has exercised all reasonable care.

(b) The company will be held liable as it is the fault of their employees.
(c) The company will be held liable as the chemical, which has a tendency to cause damage, was in its vicinity,
therefore, it can be made strictly liable for the damage.
(d) The company will not be held liable as no damage occurred due to the leakage.
Principles:
I. A man is not liable for trespass committed involuntarily, but he is liable if the entry is intentional, even though made under
a mistake
II. Invasion of private property, howsoever minute it may be, is a trespass.
45. Facts: A was the investigating officer of a murder case. While searching for the evidence to produce in the court, A
found something suspicious in the premises of B’s house. Without wasting time, A entered B’s house to check that
suspicious thing but damaged some precious flowers which were present in the premises. Now, B wants to sue A
for trespass. Choose the closes option.
(a) A would not be liable because he was discharging his legal duty, and cannot be made liable for it.
(b) A would not be liable because he entered into the house in good faith.
(c) A would be liable because he entered and damaged the flowers.
(d) A would be liable because he had invaded B’s property.
Principle: A Damage or injury though caused by a tortuous act of the defendant will not qualify for award of damages if it is too
remote.
46. Facts: One day while walking through the street, A had an altercation with B’s wife C. A slapped C severely, who
was pregnant, fell on the ground and lost her child. Now, B wants to sue C for death of his unborn child stating that
slap of A was very severe. Choose the closest option.
(a) A would not be liable because he was not aware that C was pregnant.
(b) A would be liable because his slap was quite severe to cause the death of the child.
(c) A would be liable because it was his responsibility to take reasonable care while slapping.
(d) A would not be liable because death of the child was too remote.
Principle: The right of self-defence in no case extends to inflicting more harm than it is necessary to inflict for the purpose ```of defence.
47. Facts:There was a fight between two groups. Ram Singh fired a shot, killing one of the assailants on the spot. Ram
himself was found with nine injuries on his body and the diagnosis revealed that he could not have survived if was
injured anymore. He was arrested by the police and convicted for murder. Ram Singh claimed the right of self-
defence.
(a) Ram Singh is liable for intentionally killing a person.

(b) Ram Singh is not liable for killing.
(c) Ram Singh can exercise self-defence.
(d) Ram Singh cannot claim self-defence since he extended more harm than necessary.
Principle: Theft is committed when the thief remove a movable property from the possession of its owner dishonestly, with a view to
take that property or to profit from it.
48. Facts: G gives his watch to H for repairs and makes the full payment in advance. That night he gets drunk and
decides that he must have his watch. So he breaks into H's shop and takes his watch back. Has he committed theft?
(a) G is protected by the defence of intoxication.

(b) G has committed the crime of criminal trespass.
(c) The watch is G's and he owes no money to H. Dishonest intention being absent, the crimehasn't been committed.
(d) H must provide faster service if he wants to remain competitive in the modern economy.
Principle: Unreasonable interference with a persons use or enjoyment of his property causing OF threatening to cause damage amounts
to nuisance.
49. Facts: Shantanu and family moves into the sixth floor of Ramaniyam Terrace, a very well known block of
Apartments in Nagpur. The family on the fifth floor is the Mehtas, a very conservative, introvert family. Shantanu

and his wife occasionally consume Marijuana and Mehta and his family realize this because once in the while the
smell of Marijuana drifts down to their house. They are terrified about the impact of this on the ways and attitudes
of their five-year-old children — Pushpi and Rupa. They believe that if the kids come to know about this they may
be influenced into using Marijuana themselves later in their lives. The Mehtas sue Shantanu for nuisance.
(a) The Mehtas will succeed since Shantanu is causing unreasonable interference.
(b) The Mehtas will succeed since Shantanu's actions are causing damage to the former.
(c) The Mehtas will not succeed since Shantanu's interference, though unreasonable, is not will the Mehtas use or
enjoyment of their property.
(d) The Mehtas will not succeed since Shantanu is not causing unreasonable interference.
Principle: Nothing is an offence, which is done by accident or misfortune and without any criminal intention or knowledge in the doing
of a lawful act in a lawful manner by lawful means and with proper care and caution.
50. Facts: Anthony is a woodcutter. One day when he was at work, a number of children flocked towards him and
asked him to make a cricket bat for them. Without paying any attention to them he continued to chop wood using
a heavy axe. Suddenly a piece of chopped wood flew and struck one child who was standing just two feet away
from him. As a result, a child standing there loses one eye.
(a) Anthony is liable for causing injury to the child.

(b) Anthony is not liable because it was merely an accident.
(c) Anthony is liable because he did not take proper care.
(d) Anthony did not deliberately cause injury.

Prep Test– Mathematics
Total Questions: 20 Total Time: 15 mins
(0.75)3
1. The square root of + ⌊0.75 + (0.75)2 + 1⌋ is –
1−0.75
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
2. While selling, a businessman allows 40% discount on the marked price and there is a loss of 30%. If it is sold at the
marked price, profit percent will be-
2 2
(a) 10% (b) 20% (c) 16 % (d) 14 %
3 7
3. A cistern has 3 pipes A,B and C. A and B can fill it in 3 hours and 4 hours respectively and C can empty it in 1 hour.
If the pipes are opened at 3 pm, 4 pm and 5 pm respectively on the same day, the cistern will be empty at?
(a) 7:12 pm
(b) 7:15 pm
(c) 7:10 pm
(d) 7:18 pm
4. A works alone, he would take 4 days more to complete the job than, if both A and B worked together. If B worked
alone, he would take 16 days more to complete the job than, if A and B work together. How many days would they
take to complete the work, if both of them worked together?
(a) 10 days (b) 12 days (c) 6 days (d) 8 days
5. A mixture contains 80% acid and rest water. Part of the mixture that should be removed and replaced by the same
amount of water to make the ratio of acid and water 4:3 is-
1 3 2 2
(a) rd part (b) th part (c) rd part (d) th part
3 7 3 7
6. An employer reduce the number of his employees in the ratio 9 : 8 and increase their wages in the ratio 14 : 15. If the
original wage was Rs 18900, find the ratio in which the wage bill is decreased.
(a) 20 : 21 (b) 21 : 20 (c) 20 : 19 (d) 19 : 21
7. The batting average for 40 innings of a cricketer is 50 runs. His highest score is more than its lowest score by 172
runs. if these two innings are excluded. The average of the remaining 38 innings is 48 runs. The highest score of the
player is-
(a) 165 (b) 170 (c) 172 (d) 174
1 1
8. A car covers of the distance from A to B at the speed at 8𝑘𝑚⁄ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟 , of the distance at 25𝑘𝑚⁄ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟 and remaining
5 10
at the speed of 20 𝑘𝑚⁄ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟 . Find the average speed of the whole journey.
(a) 12.625 𝑘𝑚⁄ℎ
(b) 13.625 𝑘𝑚⁄ℎ
(c) 14.625 𝑘𝑚⁄ℎ
(d) 15.625 𝑘𝑚⁄ℎ
9. The price of onions has been increased by 50%. In order to keep the expenditure on onions the same the percentage
of reduction in consumption has to be-
1
(a) 50% (b) 33 % (c) 33% (d) 30%
3
4 5
10. A man buys two chairs for a total cost of Rs 900. By selling one for of its cost and the other for or its cost, he
5 4
makes a profit of Rs 90 on the whole transaction. The cost of the lower priced chair is-
(a) 360 (b) 400 (c) 420 (d) 300
11. Maninder bought two horses at Rs 40000 each. He sold one horse at 15% gain, but had to sell the second horse at a
loss. if he had suffered a loss of Rs 3600 on the whole transaction, then the selling price of the second horse is-

(a) 30000 (b) 30200 (c) 30300 (d) 30400
12. A fruit – seller buys x guava for Rs y and sells y guavas for Rs x. if x>y, the he made
𝑥 2 −𝑦 2
(a) × 100% loss
𝑥𝑦
𝑥 2 −𝑦 2
(b) × 100% profit
𝑥𝑦
𝑥 2 −𝑦 2
(c) × 100% loss
𝑦2
𝑥 2 −𝑦 2
(d) × 100% profit
𝑦2
13. A square is of area 200 square metre. A new square is formed in such a way that its side is equal to the length of the
diagonal of the given square. Then, the area of the new square formed is –
(a) 200√2 sq m (b) 400√2 sq m (c) 400 sq m (d) 800 sq m
14. A motor-boat car travel at 10 km/hour in still water.it travelled 91 km downstream in a river and then returned to
the same place, taking altogether 20 hours. Find the rate of flow of river.
(a) 3 km/hour (b) 4 km/hour (c) 2 km/hour (d) 5 km/hour
15. A motor boat, travelling at the same speed, can cover 25km upstream and 39 km downstream in 8 hour. At the
same speed, it can travel 35 km upstream an 52 km downstream in 11 hour. The speed of the
(a) 2 km/hour (b) 3 km/ hour (c) 4 km/hour (d) 5 km/hour
16. If a sum of money placed at compound interest, compound annually, doubles itself in 5 years, then the same
amount of money will be 8 times of itself in-
(a) 25 years (b) 20 year (c) 15 years (d) 10 year
17. A person has left an amount of Rs 120000 to be divided between his two sons ages 14 year and 12 years such that
they get equal amounts when each attains 18 year of age. If the amount gets a simple interest of 5% per annum, the
younger son’s share at percent is –
(a) 48800 (b) 57600 (c) 62400 (d) 84400
18. If 𝑥 𝑎 . 𝑥 𝑏 . 𝑥 𝑐 = 1 then the value of (𝑎3 + 𝑏 3 + 𝑐 3 ) is –

(a) 9 (b) abc (c) a+b+c (d) 3abc
19. The height of a right circular cone and the radius of its circular base are respectively 9 cm and 3 cm. The cone is cut
by a plane parallel to its base so as to divide it into two parts. The volume of the frustum (i.e.. the lower part) of the
22
cone is 44 cu cm. The radius of the upper circular surface of th frustum (Taking π = ) is –
7
3 3 3 3
(a) √12 cm (b) √13 cm (c) √6 cm (d) √20 cm
1
20. A solid cylinder has total surface area of 462 sq cm. Curved surface area is rd of it’s total surface area. Volume of the
3
cylinder is –
(a) 530 𝑐𝑚3 (b) 536 𝑐𝑚3 (c) 539 𝑐𝑚3 (d) 545 𝑐𝑚3

Current Affairs Practice Sheet (CAPS)
1. India has joined hands with which of the following 10. Smart India Hackathon, 2019 is which edition of the
EU nations to prepare a next generation influenza programme?
vaccine? (a) First (b) Second
(a) France (b) Germany (c) Third (d) Fourth
(c) Denmark (d) None of the above
11. The AFSPA, 1958 is an act applicable on which of
2. Which amongst the following search engines have the following states?
recently introduced a new platform for Indic (a) Arunachal Pradesh (b) Assam
language publishers? (c) Sikkim (d) Both (a) and (b)
(a) Google (b) Yahoo
(c) Opera (d) Chromium 12. Which amongst the following tech-giants has
partnered with Indian IT-companies to build global
3. The Indian Government has inked an agreement solutions for disaster management?
with which of the following for the Energy (a) Google (b) Apple
Efficiency Program? (c) IBM (d) Microsoft
(a) World Bank
(b) International Monetary Fund 13. ADB has provided a $245 million loan for safe
c) BRICS drinking water in which Indian State?
(d) International Finance Corporation (a) Karnataka (b) West Bengal
(c) Madhya Pradesh (d) Odisha
4. The NITI Aayog has made which amongst the
following as its deep learning technology partner? 14. Barman is associated with which amongst the
(a) Udacity (b) Ikigai following fields?
(c) NVIDIA (d) Udaan (a) Sports (b) Journalism
(c) Corporate (d) Music
5. India’s first bio-fuel flight was powered from the
seeds of which of the following? 15. Vostok-2018 is an event associated with which
(a) Giloy (b) Cumin amongst the following fields?
(c) Jatropha (d) Fennel (a) Computer technology
(b) Space exploration
6. Name the immigration check-post opened by India (c) Military
in Myanmar? (d) Deepwater navigation
(a) Kaputhala (b) Zokhawthar
(c) Hamunara (d) Kottawari 16. The first cow sanctuary of Rajasthan will come up
in which district?
7. Department of Biotechnology has inked MoU with (a) Bikaner (b) Jodhpur
which of the following for Clean Energy (c) Jaipur (d) Hanuman Garh
Transmission?
(a) International Solar Alliance 17. On which date, the 2018 World Organ Donation
(b) International Power Alliance Day (WODD) has been observed recently?
(c) International Energy Alliance (a) August 11 (b) August 13
(d) United National Environmental Programme (c) August 14 (d) August 12
8. Which amongst the following nation has provided 18. Prasar Bharati has tied up with which technological
a soft loan to India for the Clean Ganga Mission? giant to telecast 2018 Independence Day
(a) Germany (b) France programme live online?
(c) United Kingdom (d) Russia (a) Facebook (b) Google
(c) Twitter (d) Instagram
9. India has inked a $346 million loan agreement with
ADB to develop which amongst the following state 19. Which country has successfully tested its first
highways? cutting-edge waverider hypersonic aircraft “Starry
(a) Gujarat (b) Maharashtra Sky-2”?
(c) Karnataka (d) Andhra Pradesh (a) China (b) Japan

(c) Russia (d) United States (c) Floyd Cardoz (d) Vikas Khanna
20. Which Bollywood personality has become the 29. Who has been conferred with the 2018 Mohun
brand ambassador for Government of India (GoI)’s Bagan Ratna?
road safety awareness campaign? (a) Pradip Choudhury (b) Rahim Ali
(a) Amitabh Bachchan (b) Anushka Sharma (c) Sudip Chatterjee (d) Shilton Paul
(c) Deepika Padukone (d) Akshay Kumar
30. Which high level empowered committee has been
21. Recently, Justice Gita Mittal has been sworn in as constituted to address the issues of stressed
the Chief Justice of which of the following High thermal power projects?
Courts? (a) Pradeep Kumar Sinha committee
(a) Punjab & Haryana (b) Jammu & Kashmir (b) Ajit Balaji Joshi committee
(c) Rajasthan (d) Uttar Pradesh (c) Dan Singh Rawat committee
(d) J H Thomas committee
22. Hakam Singh Bhattal, who passed away recently,
had won gold for India during which Asian 31. Who will be India’s flag-bearer in the opening
Games? ceremony of the 2018 Asian Games?
(a) 1974 (b) 1982 (a) Hima Das (b) Neeraj Chopra
(c) 1986 (d) 1978 (c) Manika Batra (d) M. R. Poovamma
23. NITI Aayog has launched which mobility pitch 32. Which city is hosting the 24th World Congress of
competition for budding startups in the mobility Philosophy (WCP) 2018?
field? (a) Istanbul (b) Beijing
(a) Pitch to Mob (b) Pitch to Move (c) Seoul (d) Athens
(c) Pitch to Start (d) Pitch to Gear
33. Which telecom company has launched a VOIP
24. Who has been appointed India’s new ambassador based phone service “WINGS”?
to Russia? (a) Airtel (b) BSNL
(a) Partha Satpathy (b) Swetanshu Bora (c) Reliance Jio (d) Vodafone
(c) Pankaj Saran (d) Venkatesh Varma
34. Who has been appointed the head coach of the
25. Which city has been ranked first in the Ease of Indian Women’s National Cricket team?
Living Index 2018, which is released by Ministry of (a) Madan Lal (b) Gundappa Viswanath
Housing and Urban Affairs? (c) Ramesh Powar (d) Sanjay Bangar
(a) Pune (b) Triputi
(c) Chandigarh (d) Vijaywada 35. Which of the following has become the India’s first
tribal language to get a Wikipedia edition in its
26. Which committee has been constituted by the native script?
Central government to coordinate the discharge of (a) Maithili (b) Santhali
floodwaters from Kerala-Tamil Nadu inter-State (c) Bodo (d) Dogri
projects?
(a) Narendra Kumar committee 36. Which state government will set up ‘iHub’ (the
(b) Kirti Sharma committee intelligent hub) for research and scientific learning?
(c) Ajit Doval committee (a) Himachal Pradesh (b) Telangana
(d) M S Das committee (c) Tamil Nadu (d) Andhra Pradesh
27. In which year, Atal Bihari Vajpayee became India’s 37. Which IIT has decided to set up a Re-Water
prime minister for first time? Research Center to replenish and rejuvenate water
(a) 1997 (b) 1996 resources?
(c) 1998 (d) 1995 (a) IIT Delhi (b) IIT Kharagpur
(c) IIT Madras (d) IIT Bombay
28. Which Indian origin personality has clinched the
title of MasterChef Australia 2018? 38. Which of the following cities is the venue of the
(a) Sashi Cheliah (b) Aarti Sequeira 11th World Hindi Conference (WHC) 2018?

(a) New Delhi (b) Port Louis
(c) Johannesburg (d) Paramaribo 48. Which of the following has been declared the
cleanest railway station in the A1 category, as per
39. Godse, who passed away recently, was associated 2018 cleanliness survey for Indian Railways?
with which political party? (a) Jaipur (b) Tirupati
(a) INC (b) BJP (c) Jodhpur (d) Warangal
(c) Shiv Sena (d) NCP
49. Champhai District is located in which of the
40. Who has clinched the 2018 men’s singles Rogers following states?
Cup tennis tournament? (a) Mizoram (b) Karnataka
(a) Novak Djokovic (b) Juan Martin del Potro (c) Madhya Pradesh (d) Maharashtra
(c) Roger Federer (d) Rafael Nadal
50. Name India’s agreement with EU to prepare next
41. Karman Kaur Thandi is associated with which generation influenza vaccine?
sports? (a) Mission 2020 (b) Horizon 2020
(a) Tennis (b) Hockey (c) Health 2050 (d) Oracle 2050
(c) Badminton (d) Basketball
51. Swapna Barman hails from which amongst the
42. Which of the following has been awarded the following Indian states?
‘Marketer of the Year’ award by the International (a) Karnataka (b) Kerala
Advertising Association of India (IAAI) (c) West Bengal (d) Jharkhand
(a) Hindustan Unilever (b) Amul
(c) LIC (d) Nestle 52. Vostok-2018 is being conducted by which of the
following nations?
43. India’s first in-phone tourism guide and mobile (a) China (b) Russia
application “Go whats That” has launched in which (c) India (d) Both (b) and (c)
city?
(a) New Delhi (b) Pune 53. Which city hosted the first ‘Nepal-India Think
(c) Chandigarh (d) Lucknow Tank’ Summit?
(a) New Delhi (b) Kathmandu
44. Who has become the first Asian to swim UK-France (c) Udaipur (d) Varanasi
channel?
(a) Swapan Kumar (b) Prabhat Koli 54. Which state has become the first Indian state to
(c) Sharad Tiwari (d) Sourabh Verma implement the National policy on bio fuels?
(a) Kerala (b) Jharkhand
45. Which state government will setup a state of the art (c) Rajasthan (d) Punjab
“B-Hub” for biotech and biopharma sector?
(a) Maharashtra (b) Telangana 55. India has opened an immigration centre along
(c) Goa (d) Sikkim which amongst the following neighbouring
borders?
46. Who has been appointed the new chairperson of (a) Sri Lanka (b) Myanmar
the National Commission for Women (NCW)? (c) Bhutan (d) Pakistan
(a) Lalitha Kumaramangalam
(b) Jayanti Patnaik 56. India won which amongst the following medals at
(c) Alphons Kannanthanam the Heptathlon event at the Asian Games, 2018?
(d) Rekha Sharma (a) Gold (b) Silver
(c) Bronze (d) None of the above
47. What is the theme of the 2018 World Day against
Trafficking in Persons? 57. Which state government has launched a 360-degree
(a) Protect rights of human trafficking victims nation-wide publicity campaign publicity
(b) Act to protect and assist trafficked persons campaign for 2018 men’s hockey World Cup?
(c) Unite to eradicate human trafficking (a) Maharashtra (b) Goa
(d) Responding to the trafficking of children and (c) Odisha (d) West Bengal
young people

58. Which Indian-Australian mathematician has (c) Goa (d) Karnataka
bestowed with the prestigious 2018 Fields medal?
(a) C.S. Seshadri 67. Which Indian developer has claimed to develop the
(b) Akshay Venkatesh world’s first Hindi speaking realistic humanoid
(c) Calyampudi Radha krishna robot “Rashmi”?
(d) Narendra Karmarkar (a) Anand Kumar (b) Surabhi Patel
(c) Kanwaljeet Sethi (d) Ranjit Srivastava
59. What is India’s rank in the United Nation’s E-
Government Development Index (EGDI)? 68. The joint military exercise ‘Maitree 2018’ has
(a) 100th (b) 88th started between India and which country?
(c) 75th (d) 96th (a) Thailand (b) Nepal
(c) Sri Lanka (d) Vietnam
60. ‘Navlekha’ is a new product of which amongst the
following search engines? 69. Who has become the first woman shuttler to win
(a) Microsoft (b) Google the women’s singles World Badminton
(c) Yahoo (d) Opera Championships for a third time?
(a) Carolina Marin (b) PV Sindhu
61. Which amongst the following institutions has (c) Akane Yamaguchi (d) Tai Tzu-ying
provided a loan to India for development of State
highways? 70. The elephants at which national park in Madhya
(a) Asian Development Bank Pradesh has enjoyed week-long picnic?
(b) BRICS Bank (a) Bandhavgarh National Park
(c) International Finance Corporation (b) Madhav National Park
(d) World Bank (c) Panna National Park
(d) Kanha Tiger Reserve
62. The Asian Games, 2018 were which edition of the
tournament? 71. Who has been elected as the Deputy Chairman of
(a) 12th (b) 15th the Rajya Sabha?
(c) 18th (d) 21st (a) Harivansh Narayan Singh
(b) B K Hariprasad
63. Which union ministry has launched a desktop (c) Ananth Kumar
software ‘e-Aksharayan’ to enable editing of text (d) Ram Gopal Yadav
printed on scanned documents?
(a) Ministry of Human Resource Development 72. Which Indian-American personality has won the
(b) Ministry of Electronics and Information International Geography Bee World Championship
Technology 2018 in junior varsity division?
(c) Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (a) Anand Sharma (b) Avi Goel
(d) Ministry of Science and Technology (c) Sam Mehta (d) Janaki Ammal
64. Which state government has recently constituted 73. What is the theme of the 2018 International Day of
two committees to deal with a possible influx of the World’s Indigenous Peoples?
illegal immigrants? (a) Indigenous Peoples’ migration and movement
(a) Manipur (b) Nagaland (b) Indigenous Peoples’ Right to Education
(c) Tripura (d) Meghalaya (c) Indigenous Peoples’ Right to Health
(d) Ensuring indigenous peoples’ health and well-
65. Which Indian golfer has won the 2018 Fiji being
International Golf title?
(a) Gaganjeet Bhullar (b) Arjun Atwal 74. Which of the following has become the first
(c) Ajeetesh Sandhu (d) Shiv Kapur Defence PSU to be activated on the TReDS
platform?
66. Which state government has launched a rural (a) Bharat Dynamics
cleanliness and sanitation campaign (b) Dredging Corporation of India
“Swachhameva Jayate”? (c) Central Electronics Limited
(a) Madhya Pradesh (b) Rajasthan (d) Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers

75. Which country’s team has won the 14th edition of (c) Mother Teresa (d) Marilyn Monroe
Women’s Hockey World Cup 2018? 85. The Parliament of India has passed which
(a) Spain (b) Netherlands Constitutional Amendment Bill to grant
(c) Ireland (d) Australia constitutional status to the National Commission
for Backward Classes (NCBC)?
76. The world’s first-ever thermal battery plant has (a) 123rd Constitutional Amendment Bill
been inaugurated in which Indian state? (b) 143rd Constitutional Amendment Bill
(a) Andhra Pradesh (b) Himachal Pradesh (c) 133rd Constitutional Amendment Bill
(c) Karnataka (d) Odisha (d) 153rd Constitutional Amendment Bill
77. What is the current number of India’s Biosphere 86. Who has become the first Indian to be appointed a
reserves included in the World Network of council member of ICANN panel Country Code
Biosphere Reserves? Names Supporting Organization (ccNSO)?
(a) 8 (b) 9 (a) Ajay Data (b) Kusum Sharma
(c) 10 (d) 11 (c) Susheela Jain (d) Shubhankar Saxena
78. India’s first all-woman Special Weapons and 87. Which state government has signed pact with Tech
Tactics (SWAT) team for anti-terrorist operations Mahindra to establish India’s first Blockchain
has been inducted in which state/UT police? district?
(a) Karnataka Police (b) Delhi Police (a) Odisha (b) Karnataka
(c) Kerala Police (d) Assam Police (c) Telangana (d) Kerala
79. Which of the following has become the India’s first 88. Which country’s researchers have claimed to create
bank to introduce iris authentication for Aadhaar- the world’s first single-chromosome yeast?
based transactions through micro ATMs? (a) Germany (b) United States
(a) ICICI Bank (b) Punjab National Bank (c) China (d) UK
(c) Axis Bank (d) State Bank of India
89. The repatriation process of Bru tribals will start
80. Which Indian author has won the 2018 Hindu from which state to Mizoram from 14th August
Playwright Award 2018? 2018?
(a) Keval Arora (b) Sneh Sapru (a) Bihar (b) Bengal
(c) Swetanshu Bora (d) Annie Zaidi (c) Assam (d) Tripura
81. What is the theme of the 2018 International Youth 90. Who will be the director of the 11th edition of the
Day (IYD)? India Art Fair 2019?
(a) Youth Building Peace (a) Imran Qureshi (b) G Ravinder Reddy
(b) Safe Spaces for Youth (c) Zoya Siddiqui (d) Jagdip Jagpal
(c) Change Your World
(d) Eradicate Negativity 91. Who has been appointed the new Chairman of
Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI)?
82. India’s first genetic bank for wildlife conservation (a) Ram Sewak Sharma
has been inaugurated in which city? (b) Vikram Limaye
(a) New Delhi (b) Kolkata (c) Rajan Mathews
(c) Hyderabad (d) Chennai (d) D. Shivalingaiah
83. On which date, the 2018 World Elephant Day 92. Which state is hosting the ‘One District One
(WED) was observed recently? Product’ Summit 2018?
(a) August 13 (b) August 14 (a) Andhra Pradesh (b) Kerala
(c) August 12 (d) August 15 (c) Uttar Pradesh (d) Assam
84. Who has been voted the most influential woman in 93. Which renowned earth scientist has become the
history as per the recent Readers of BBC History new vice chancellor of the University of Kashmir?
magazine poll? (a) Prof. Talat Ahmad
(a) Florence Nightingale (b) Marie Curie (b) Prof. Sangeeta Shukla

(c) Prof. Khurshid Ibal Andrabi 103. John Sankaramangalam, who passed away
(d) Mehbooba Mufti recently, was the veteran personality from which
field?
94. Which state government has launched “Horn Not (a) Politics (b) Film Industry
Ok’’ awareness campaign? (c) Journalism (d) Sports
(a) Uttarakhand (b) Himachal Pradesh
(c) Gujarat (d) Kerala 104. The 2018 World Biodiesel Day (WBD) is observed
on which date?
95. Jalees Sherwani, who passed away recently, was (a) August 11 (b) August 8
the veteran personality from which field? (c) August 10 (d) August 9
(a) Photo Journalism (b) Mimicry
(c) Film Industry (d) Sports 105. Who has won the 2018 Formula One Hungarian
Grand Prix tournament?
96. Who has been officially appointed new UN High (a) Lewis Hamilton (b) Sebastian Vettel
Commissioner for Human Rights? (c) Valtteri Bottas (d) Daniel Ricciardo
(a) Dina Kawar (b) Mary Robinson
(c) Ricardo Lagos (d) Michelle Bachelet 106. The Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)
has launched which dedicated portal to connect
97. Which rescue operation has been launched by cargo owners and shippers with real time data on
Indian Army in the flood-hit areas of Kerala? availability of vessels?
(a) Operation Madad (a) VOCAL (b) FUCAL
(b) Operation Sahyog (c) DUCAL (d) FOCAL
(c) Operation Surya Hope
(d) Operation Surya Hope 107. Which country has recently launched amnesty
programme for foreign workers overstaying
98. Which space agency has successfully launched the permits?
Parker Solar Probe mission to touch the Sun? (a) Iran (b) UAE
(a) Roscosmos (b) NASA (c) Israel (d) Jordon
(c) ISRO (d) JAXA
108. Which acclaimed personality has been selected for
99. NITI Aayog has launched which global mobility 2018 Rajiv Gandhi Sadbhavana Award for
hackathon to crowdsource solutions for future of promoting communal harmony and peace?
mobility in India? (a) Raghuram Rajan
(a) Lock Hack (b) Beware Hack (b) Muzaffar Ali
(c) Move Hack (d) Crowd Hack (c) Amitabh Bachchan
(d) Gopalkrishna Gandhi
100. The Governor has extended application of AFSPA,
1958 for how many months? 109. Which of the following is the 2018 World
(a) 3 (b) 6 Humanitarian Day (WHD) theme?
(c) 12 (d) None of the above (a) #ShareHumanity
(b) #ImpossibleChoices
101. The Asian Games, 2018 were held in which (c) #OneHumanity
amongst the following nations? (d) #NotATarget
(a) Indonesia (b) Thailand
(c) South Korea (d) Malaysia 110. Which Indian sportsperson has clinched India’s
first Gold in the 18th Jakarta Asian Games 2018?
102. Which amongst the following has provided a loan (a) Mary Kom (b) Bajrang Punia
for the Madhya Pradesh Irrigation Efficiency (c) Apurvi Chandela (d) Neeraj Chopra
Improvement Project?
(a) Asian Development Bank 111. Who has become first Indian woman wrestler to
(b) BRICS Bank bag gold at the 18th Asian Games 2018?
(c) International Finance Corporation (a) Pooja Dhanda (b) Sakshi Malik
(d) World Bank (c) Vinesh Phogat (d) Priyanka Phogat

112. Which space agency has confirmed presence of ice 121. FSSAI has constituted which expert committee to
on Moon using data from the Chandrayaan-I look into draft of Food Safety and Standards
spacecraft? (Labelling and Display) Regulations 2018?
(a) JAXA (b) NASA (a) P K Agarwal committee
(c) Roscosmos (d) CNSA (b) B Sesikeran committee
(c) Hemalatha committee
113. The first-ever International Day of Remembrance (d) Nikhil Tandon committee
and tribute to the Victims of Terrorism is observed
on which date? 122. Which Indian personality has been conferred the
(a) August 22 (b) August 21 WHO World No Tobacco Day 2017 Award?
(c) August 20 (d) August 19 (a) Nilesh Mishra
(b) Anish Rajan
114. Which country has launched its first state-of-the-art (c) SK Arora
domestic fighter jet “Kowsar”? (d) Kailash Kumar
(a) Pakistan (b) Iran
(c) North Korea (d) Israel 123. Which former Indian Army chief has been awarded
the United States (US) ‘Legion of Merit’?
115. Which Indian woman cricketer has recently (a) Bipin Rawat
announced her retirement from International T20 (b) Vijay Kumar Singh
cricket? (c) Dalbir Singh Suhag
(a) Mansi Joshi (b) Puja Vastrakar (d) Bikram Singh
(c) Shikha Pandey (d) Jhulan Goswami
124. Which Indian Shooter bagged a Silver in the men’s
116. The book “281 and Beyond” is the autobiography 10-metre Air Rifle event at the Jakarta Asian Games
of which Indian cricketer? 2018?
(a) Rahul Dravid (b) Sourav Ganguly (a) Deepak Kumar (b) Lakshay
(c) Sunil Gavaskar (d) VVS Laxman (c) Neeraj Chopra (d) Saurabh Chaudhary
117. Which of the following is/are partner country for 125. Recently tested Anti-Tank Guided Missile ‘Helina’
the 2018 International Buddhist Conclave (IBC)? is helicopter-launched version of which missile?
(a) Japan (b) Germany (a) Akash (b) Nag
(c) Russia (d) All of the above (c) Prithvi (d) Agni
118. Who has been appointed the new Governor of 126. India’s largest Startup incubation and acceleration
Jammu & Kashmir (J&K)? “Bhamashah Techno Hub” has launched in which
(a) Satya Pal Malik state?
(b) Tathagata Roy (a) Madhya Pradesh (b) Maharashtra
(c) Satyadev Narayan Arya (c) Rajasthan (d) Gujarat
(d) Baby Rani Maurya
127. Which of the following cities is the venue of the
119. Kofi Annan was from which African country? 2018 India Banking Conclave (IBC)?
(a) Ghana (b) Morocco (a) Chennai (b) New Delhi
(c) Nigeria (d) South Africa (c) Indore (d) Pune
120. Which amongst the following won a gold medal at 128. Which IIT has launched an exclusive incubator
the men’s triple jump event at the Asian Games, “Fabless Chip Design Incubator (FabCI)” to boost
2018? chip design?
(a) Harminder Singh (a) IIT Hyderabad (b) IIT Bombay
(b) Paramveer Singh (c) IIT Delhi (d) IIT Madras
(c) Arpinder Singh
(d) Gurjeet Singh 129. Who has been selected for the prestigious J C Bose
Fellowship-2018?
(a) Appa Rao Podile
(b) Anadish Pal

(c) Arun Krishnamurthy
(d) Abid Surti 139. The book “No Spin” is the autobiography of which
veteran cricketer?
130. Which of the following has become the first Public (a) Anil Kumble (b) Muttiah Muralitharan
Sector Unit (PSU) to make a transaction on the (c) Shane Warne (d) Bishan Singh Bedi
“TReDS platform”?
(a) Steel Authority of India 140. On which date, the 2018 World Mosquito Day
(b) Coal India Limited (WMD) was observed recently?
(c) Gas Authority of India Limited (a) August 20 (b) August 21
(d) Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (c) August 18 (d) August 19
131. The National Green Tribunal (NGT) has appointed 141. Who heads the steering committee which recently
which committee to decide Vedanta’s plea submitted ‘Making India 5G Ready’ report to
challenging closure of its Sterlite plant? government?
(a) A K Goel committee (a) Aruna Sundararajan
(b) Aruna Sundararajan committee (b) Vinod Tawde
(c) M S Sivan committee (c) Waqar Ali
(d) S J Vazifdar committee (d) AJ Paulraj
132. The world’s first public blockchain bond “bond-i” 142. Who heads the committee on review of penal
has recently launched by which International provisions of Company Act 2013 which recently
organisation? submitted final report to government?
(a) AIIB (b) ADB (a) Uday Kotak (b) Injeti Srinivas
(c) World Bank (d) IMF (c) Ajay Bahl (d) K V R Murty
133. Which state government has decided to organize 143. Mizzima Media Group, which was recently in
youths’ conclave ‘ATAL’ in 2018? news, is a company of which country?
(a) Chhattisgarh (b) Assam (a) Italy (b) Japan
(c) Jharkhand (d) Arunachal Pradesh (c) Myanmar (d) Sri Lanka
134. Who has been appointed new chairman of the 144. Which Indian economist has been appointed
Defence Research and Development Organisation Assistant Secretary-General and Head of the New
(DRDO)? York Office of the United Nations Environment
(a) G Satheesh Reddy (b) Sanjay Mitra Programme (UNEP)?
(c) S Christopher (d) Mrinal S Das (a) Nikhil Seth (b) Atul Khare
(c) Rahguram Rajan (d) Satya S Tripathi
135. The NETA app that seeks to let Indian voters rate
their elected representatives, is inspired by which 145. Who became the first-ever Indian shuttler to enter
country’s approval system? a badminton final at the Asian Games?
(a) United States (b) Russia (a) PC Thulasi (b) Saina Nehwal
(c) France (d) Germany (c) Kidambi Srikanth (d) PV Sindhu
136. Fouaad Mirza is related to which sports? 146. Ravinder Kumar Singhal, who has successfully
(a) Tennis (b) Badminton completed the Ironman triathlon, is from which
(c) Sprint (d) Equestrian state?
(a) Uttar Pradesh (b) Madhya Pradesh
137. Which of the following cities is venue of the (c) Odisha (d) Maharashtra
International Water Colour Festival 2018?
(a) Bhopal (b) Ranchi 147. Who became the first-ever Indian javelin-thrower
(c) Patna (d) Hyderabad to win an Asian Games gold medal?
138. Which country is host to multi-nation counter- (a) Shivpal Singh (b) Neeraj Chopra
terror exercise “SCO Peace Mission 2018”? (c) Parsa Singh (d) Arjun Meghwal
(a) Uzbekistan (b) Russia
(c) China (d) Kazakhstan

148. The Personal Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2018 aims to (a) Infosys (b) Google
remove discrimination and stigma attached to (c) Facebook (d) Wipro
patients of which disease?
(a) Leprosy (b) HIV 158. Which IIT has recently conducted study on River
(c) Typhoid (d) Cancer Ganga that indicates that river is drying up in
summers due to groundwater depletion?
149. The Government of India (GoI) has decided to lift (a) IIT-Kharagpur (b) IIT-Madras
ban on retail sale of which life-saving drug from (c) IIT-Bombay (d) IIT-Delhi
September 2018?
(a) Nialamide (b) Metformin 159. Which of the following cities is the venue of the 3rd
(c) Oxytocin (d) Cyclosporine Indian Ocean Conference (IOC-2018)?
150. The Union Government has proposed to set up (a) Colombo (b) New Delhi
which committee to suggest changes to the JEE (c) Tokyo (d) Hanoi
(Advanced) examination?
(a) Kannan Moudgalya committee 160. The Amnesty International India has launched
(b) Abhay Karandikar committee which campaign to create awareness among
(c) Vineet Joshi committee children to identify sexual abuse?
(d) Bhaskar Ramamurthy committee (a) Save Child, Save Future
(b) Our Safety, Our Rights
151. India’s first-ever test flight powered by biojet fuel (c) Goals Set
was successfully conducted by which airline? (d) Safety is in Your Hands
(a) Air India (b) SpiceJet
(c) Vistara (d) JetLite 161. On which date, the 2018 National Sports Day (NSD)
was observed recently?
152. Gopal Bose, who passed away recently, was (a) August 27 (b) August 29
associated with which sports? (c) August 28 (d) August 26
(a) Cricket (b) Boxing
(c) Tennis (d) Chess 162. Who has been appointed India’s new High
Commissioner to United Kingdom (UK)?
153. The Odisha government has launched which (a) T.P. Seetharam
programme to identify young talents? (b) Yashvardhan Kumar Sinha
(a) Mu Hero, Mu Odisha (c) Ruchi Ghanashyam
(b) Mu Power, Mu Odisha (d) Navtej Sarna
(c) Mu Startup, Mu Odisha
(d) Mu Youth, Mu Odisha 163. Which Indian sprinter clinched gold in men’s
1500m race at the Asian Games, 2018?
154. Which country’s team has won the FIFA U-20 (a) Rajiv Arokia (b) Govindan
Women’s World Cup France 2018? Lakshmanan
(a) Japan (b) France (c) Manjit Singh (d) Jinson Johnson
(c) Spain (d) Germany
164. Which new ranking system has been announced by
155. Which of the following is the India’s only aircraft the Union Government for higher educational
carrier to have marine hydraulic system? institutions to promote innovation?
(a) INS Sahyadri (b) INS Vikrant (a) ATLA (b) ATAL
(c) INS Vikramaditya (d) INS Satpura (c) ARGW (d) ARIIA
156. ISRO is planning to use which launch vehicle to 165. Which Indian Naval Ship is participating in the
send Gaganyan in space by 2022? multilateral regional maritime engagement
(a) GSLV Mk-V (b) GSLV Mk-II exercise “KAKADU 2018”?
(c) GSLV Mk-III (d) GSLV Mk-IV (a) INS Vikramaditya (b) INS Satpura
(c) INS Sahyadri (d) INS Viraat
157. Which technological giant has launched Project
Navlekha to help Indian vernacular news 166. Krishna Kutir, which is in news recently, is
publishers to take their content online? associated with which union ministry?

(a) Ministry of Home Affairs (c) I, III and IV (d) All of the above
(b) Ministry of Tribal Affairs
(c) Ministry of Rural Development 174. Which amongst the following districts are recently
(d) Ministry of Women & Child Development added by Arunachal Pradesh?
I. Pakke-Kessang II. Lepa Rada
167. The World Bank will provide how much amount of III. Shi-Yomi IV. Kalsang
loan facility to Rajasthan for improving the (a) I, II and IV (b) II, III and IV
performance of its electricity distribution sector? (c) I, II and III (d) I, III and IV
(a) $450 million (b) $350 million
(c) $250 million (d) $550 million 175. Which of the following countries is/are hosting the
2018 International Army Games (IAG)?
168. Who represented India at the G20 Digital Economy I. Iran
Ministerial Meeting 2018? II. Armenia
(a) Ravi Shankar Prasad III. Russia
(b) Piyush Goyal IV. Iraq
(c) Sushma Swaraj (a) I and II (b) III and IV
(d) Smriti Irani (c) II and III (d) I, II and III
169. Who heads the newly formed Prime Minister’s 176. The Copernicus project, under which wind-sensing
Science Technology and Innovation Council (PM- satellite “Aeolus” has been launched recently, is a
STIAC)? joint project between which of the following?
(a) Subhash Kak I. European Union
(b) Baba Kalyani II. European Space Agency
(c) K Vijay Raghavan III. JAXA
(d) Sangamitra Bandopadhyay IV. NASA
(a) I and II (b) III and IV
170. On which date, the 2018 World Photography Day (c) II and III (d) II and IV
(WPD) was observed recently?
(a) August 17 (b) August 19 177. The Lakhwar multi-purpose project is associated
(c) August 18 (d) August 20 with which river?
I. Kaveri II. Yamuna
171. Satya Tripathi has recently been appointed to III. Chambal IV. Godavari
which of the following posts? (a) I and III (b) Only II
I. Assistant Secretary General (UNEP) (c) Only III (d) III and IV
II. Head of New York office (UNEP)
III. Secretary General (UNEP) 178. Indian Railways has recently signed pact with
IV. Vice-President (UNEP) which company for use of Natural Gas in railway
(a) I and II (b) I and IV workshops?
(c) II and IV (d) Only III I. ONGC
II. GAIL
172. Lawngtlai distrct is in which of the following III. NTPC
states? IV. IOCL
I. Mizoram II. Nagaland (a) Only II (b) I and II
III. Sikkim IV. Arunachal Pradesh (c) II and III (d) III and IV
(a) II and III (b) Only I
(c) II and IV (d) Only III 179. Which Indian men’s bridge pair have created
history by clinching India’s first-ever gold in bridge
173. The AFSPA, 1958 is applicable upon which of the at the Asian Games?
following states? I. Subhash Gupta
I. Jammu and Kashmir II. Debabrata Majumder
II. Meghalaya III. Pranab Bardhan
III. Nagaland IV. Shibhnath Sarkar
IV. Manipur (a) I and II (b) II and III
(a) II and III (b) II, III and IV (c) III and IV (d) I and IV

180. Who of the following Indians has/have received 186. Which state government has signed pact with Tech
the 2018 Ramon Magsaysay Award? Mahindra to establish India’s first Blockchain
I. Deepa Joshi II. Nileema Mishra district?
III. Bharat Vatwani IV. Sonam Wangchuk I. Odisha II. Karnataka
(a) I and II (b) II and III III. Telangana IV. Kerala
(c) III and IV (d) I and IV (a) I and II (b) II and III
(c) III and IV (d) None of the above
181. Justice Manjula Chellur, who has been appointed as 187. Which government organisation will host
new chairperson of Appellate Tribunal for Investors’ Conference for the Holistic Development
Electricity was previously chief justice of which of Islands?
high court? I. Ministry of Home Affairs
I. Jammu & Kashmir High Court II. Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate
II. Punjab & Haryana High Court Change
III. Bombay High Court III. NITI Aayog
IV. Delhi High Court IV. Ministry of Earth Sciences
(a) I and III (b) II and IV (a) I and II (b) II and III
(c) Only III (d) Only IV (c) III and IV (d) Only III
188. Bhishma Narain Singh, who passed away recently,
182. Which three southern states, Wipro has launched
Santoor women’s scholarship for higher education was associated with which political party?
to girls from economically weaker families? I. INC II. BJP
III. NCP IV. CPI
I. Tamil Nadu
II. Karnataka (a) I and II (b) II and III
(c) III and IV (d) None of the above
III. Andhra Pradesh
IV. Telangana
189. Nepal-Bharat Maitri Pashupati Dharamshala,
(a) I and II (b) II, III and IV
(c) I, III and IV (d) III and IV which is in news recently, is located on the banks of
which river?
183. Which Indian authority has launched the RUCO I. Bagmati River II. Trishuli River
initiative recently? III. Tamur River IV. Seti Gandaki River
I. Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (a) Only I (b) I and III
II. National Disaster Management Authority (c) Only II (d) II and IV
III. Telecom Regulatory Authority of India
190. Amongst the following games featured for the first
IV. Narcotics Control Bureau
(a) I and III (b) I and IV time at the Asian Games, 2018?
I. Bridge II. Poker
(c) II and III (d) Only I
III. Chess IV. Carrom
184. UNESCO has included which Indian biosphere (a) I and II (b) II and III
reserve in the list of World Network of Biosphere (c) Only I (d) Only IV
Reserve (WNBR) at the 30th Session of the Man and
Biosphere International Coordinating Council? 191. Consider the following statements:
Assertion: The Governor extends application of
I. Khangchendzonga Biosphere Reserve
II. Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve AFSPA for 3 more months
Reason: The National Register of Citizens (NRC)
III. Agasthyamalai Biosphere Reserve
IV. Great Nicobar Biosphere Reserve programme is due by the end of 2018
(a) I and III (b) I and IV (a) Both A and R is true, but R is not the correct
explanation for A
(c) II and III (d) Only I
(b) Both A and R is true, and R is the correct
explanation of A
185. The joint military exercise ‘Maitree 2018’ has
started between which countries? (c) A is true, but R is false
(d) A is false, but R is true
I. Thailand II. India
III. Sri Lanka IV. Vietnam 192. Consider the following statements:
(a) I and II (b) II and III Assertion: River Ganga drying up in summers:
(c) II and IV (d) I, II and III Study

Reason: The 2017-18 summers were the second (b) Both A and R is true, and R is the correct
hottest in the past decade explanation of A
(a) Both A and R is true, but R is not the correct (c) A is true, but R is false
explanation for A (d) A is false, but R is true
197. Consider the following statements:
explanation of A
(c) A is true, but R is false Assertion: Kerala witnessed unprecedented floods
in the year 2018
(d) A is false, but R is true
Reason: Kerala witnessed floods in 2015
193. Consider the following statements: (a) Both A and R is true, but R is not the correct
Assertion: Maharashtra ranks poorly in higher explanation for A
education since the last 3 years (b) Both A and R is true, and R is the correct
Reason: Pollution has major impact on cognitive explanation of A
development of memory (c) A is true, but R is false
(a) Both A and R is true, but R is not the correct (d) A is false, but R is true
explanation for A
(b) Both A and R is true, and R is the correct 198. Consider the following statements:
Assertion: India liberalised its FDI Policy recently
explanation of A
(c) A is true, but R is false Reason: Liberalised markets lead to higher
(d) A is false, but R is true investment and income, but create unemployment
(a) Both A and R is true, but R is not the correct
194. Consider the following statements: explanation for A
Assertion: India ranks 8th in the 2018 Valuable (b) Both A and R is true, and R is the correct
Nation Brand List explanation of A
Reason: The Parliament recently tabled the (c) A is true, but R is false
Companies (Amendment) Act, 2018 (d) A is false, but R is true
explanation for A 199. Consider the following statements:
Assertion: INS Sahyadri recently reached Port
explanation of A Darwin in Australia
Reason: Exercise KAKADU is organised in
(c) A is true, but R is false
(d) A is false, but R is true Australia once every two years
195. Consider the following statements: explanation for A
Assertion: Core sector’s record 6.8% growth in (b) Both A and R is true, and R is the correct
June, 2018 explanation of A
Reason: The FMCG sector recorded an all-time (c) A is true, but R is false
high of 2 billion in export sales (d) A is false, but R is true
explanation for A 200. Consider the following statements:
(b) Both A and R is true, and R is the correct Assertion: India opens Zokhawthar check-post in
explanation of A Mizoram along Myanmar border
(c) A is true, but R is false Reason: In July 2018, five unidentified people were
(d) A is false, but R is true caught while illegally crossing the India-Myanmar
border
196. Consider the following statements:
Assertion: Parliamentary Committee recommends explanation for A
that genetically modified crops shall be sold only
after going through biosafety and socio-economic explanation of A
evaluation
(c) A is true, but R is false
Reason: The year 2016-17 and 2017-18 has seen (d) A is false, but R is true
numerous cases of food adulteration through the
use of GM crops
explanation for A

ANSWER KEY AND EXPLANATIONS
Prep Test – Legal Aptitude
1. d 2. a 3. a 4. d 5. c 6. d 7. b 8. a 9. b 10. b
11. a 12. b 13. b 14. b 15. c 16. a 17. c 18. c 19. b 20. c
21. b 22. c 23. b 24. c 25. b 26. a 27. b 28. c 29. d 30. a
31. b 32. b 33. c 34. a 35. c 36. c 37. c 38. d 39. b 40. a
41. c 42. a 43. a 44. c 45. d 46. d 47. c 48. c 49. d 50. c
1. Article 352 of the Constitution provides for the content could constitute the offence of waging war
proclamation of Emergency by the President on the against the state under Sections 121 and 121A of the
advice of Council of Ministers and such a Bill for Indian Penal Code (IPC). Justice Sudip Ahluwalia made
Emergency is necessary to be approved by the the observation while dismissing a bail plea preferred
Parliament within one month from the date of such against an arrest made in 2016. The petitioner had been
proclamation. accused of sharing several social media posts oriented
2. In the Municipal Corporation or the ‘Commissioner towards the establishment of a separate state of
system’, the Mayor is usually chosen through indirect “Khalistan” for Sikhs.
election by the councillors from among themselves for 9. Acting Chief Justice of the Delhi High Court Gita Mittal
a term of one year, which is renewable. has issued directions to reduce waste generation and
3. Indian citizenship can be acquired in four ways viz; minimise use of plastic items in Delhi courts. Citing
through birth, descent, registration and naturalisation. concerns of environmental degradation as well as
A person can apply for the citizenship of India through pollution and waste management specifically in Delhi,
an application according to Section 5 of the Citizenship Mittal J. in an administrative order, has stated that it is
Act, 1955. A person of Indian origin who is ordinarily imperative that courts in Delhi reduce waste generation.
resident in India for seven years before making As an immediate measure, a direction has been issued
application is qualified to apply for citizenship. The to minimise plastic utilisation, especially single use
person should reside in India throughout the period of plastic items including pens and other stationary items.
twelve months immediately before making application 10. The Uttarakhand High Court recently allowed a wife’s
and for six years in the aggregate in the eight years plea for divorce on the ground of cruelty, noting that the
preceding the 12 month period. Note: This should not husband had repeatedly taken loans on the wife’s name
be confused with a person who has already been knowing well that she had no source of income, and had
registered as an Overseas Citizen of India (OCI), who failed to repay them, putting her in trouble. The Bench
can apply for citizenship even after a duration of five comprise of Justice V.K. Bist and Justice Alok Singh.
years. 11. Uttarakhand High Court issued a slew of directions to
4. Article 330 provides for reservation of seats for the check drug peddling and abuse in the State. The Bench
SC/ST Community in Lok Sabha. Article 334 of the comprising Justice Rajiv Sharma and Justice Lok Pal
Constitution was in amended through the 95th Singh specifically took note of drug abuse in educational
Amendment in 2009. It extended the period of institutions, and directed the State to ensure that a
reservation of seats for the Scheduled Castes and policeman in plain clothes is stationed around each
Scheduled Tribesand representation of the Anglo- educational institute from 8am to 6pm.
Indians in the Lok Sabha and the State Legislative 12. The Bombay High Court in Sham Kumbhakarna vs.
Assemblies, till 2020. Yogita has held that no ‘permanent custody’ orders can
5. Chandra Shekhar was the Prime Minister of India for a be made in proceedings under the Protection of Women
period of seven months, the second shortest period from Domestic Violence Act, 2005. The court, referring to
after that of Charan Singh.. However, it could not the provisions of the Domestic Violence Act, observed
introduce a full budget because Congress withdrew that the custody of children under Section 21 of the Act is
support during its formulation. In addition to Chandra temporary and the order for custody can be passed
Shekhar, Manmohan Singh also became Prime Minister during the pendency of the application under Section 12
of India without being earlier the Chief Minister of a of the Act.
state. 13. The Calcutta High Court recently asserted that the
6. The 39th Constitutional Amendment was held procedure for recovery of narcotics from inside the body
unconstitutional in the 1980 case of Minerva Mills v. of the suspect should not be cruel and invasive as to fall
Union of India. foul of Article 21 of the Constitution of India.
7. The Gram Nyayalaya, established by the State 14. Ajit Nayak, the lawyer turned activist fought the
Government is established for circles. Such circles damning of the river and the discharge of industrial
usually comprise of ten or more Gram Panchayats of effluents into the Kali through Kali Bachao Andolan. He
the respective states. was fighting to preserve the fragile riverine eco-system
8. The Punjab and Haryana High Court observed that which provided subsistence living for many of North
sharing social media posts with seditious, divisive Karnataka’s poorest and most vulnerable communities.

15. The Lok Sabha passed “The Trafficking of room was Sujeet. However, assuming that by liberal
Persons(Prevention, Protection and Rehabilitation) Bill interpretation, if the School was to be made liable for
2018”. The Bill was introduced in Lok Sabha by Minister being the ‘principal’ occupier, even then, the liability was
for Women and Child Development, Maneka Gandhi, on not ‘foreseeable’ as stated in the principal, therefore,
July 18. The Bill is intended to prevent trafficking of excusing the School from any liability whatsoever.
persons, especially women and children and to provide 31. The list clearly states that pilgrimage is to fall within state
care, protection and rehabilitation to the victims of list and hence the parliament cannot legislate on the
trafficking, to prosecute offenders and to create a legal, subject.
economic and social environment for the victims. 32. The probability of hitting a man is more when in the city,
16. Though Mr. Mohan was drunk at the time of committing also a gun shot is likely to be fatal in a busy area hence,
the offence, he got drunk of his own volition. Thus, his culpable homicide.
drunkenness will not absolve him from his liability. 33. A clear case murder as firing upon a crowd only goes on
17. There is direct application of Principle3 to the given facts. to show the intention of causing death.
Also, the agreement is not a contract as it cannot be 34. The principle clearly talks about the non enforce ability
enforced in a court of law. of the Fundamental Duties.
18. The Principle states that the master will be held liable for 35. There is no contract between the two parties as there was
the acts of his servants. In the present case, HMT’s driver no intention to be bound in a legal relationship. This is a
was driving negligently. Thus, HMT will be liable for the triffle.
damage caused to everyone in the bus, including M. The 36. A reasonable restriction may be imposed and in the wake
fact that M wasn’t exactly authorized to be in the bus will of national foreign exchange crisis this is a reasonable
not absolve HMT from its liability. restriction.
19. Since Rahim had no knowledge of the reward, he could 37. Ramesh was responsible for inducing a minor to leave
not have accepted the proposal. Thus, there is no binding her guardianship and go with him and such an act is
obligation on Ramesh to give the amount. termed under the offence of kidnapping.
20. According to the Principle, in order to commit theft, there 38. Nitin will be held liable as after reaching the crime scene
has to be dishonest intention. In the present case, since he took away Suman to his place and later seduced her.
there was no such intention, Suresh cannot be held liable Taking away was done without Dinesh’s permission,
for theft. thus amounts to kidnapping.
As per the Principle, a partner has authority to raise a 39. Criminal trespass involves entering property with the
loan only if it is necessary in usual course of business. intention of causing hurt or annoyance and since Ramesh
Here, since the loan wasn’t taken for business purposes, attempted to enter the car with the purpose of causing
the partnership firm cannot be held liable. injury to Dinesh, he would have been held liable for the
21. Self-explanatory. offence, had he still been alive.
22. There is a direct application of the Principle to the given 40. The defence of mistake of fact arises out of genuineness
facts. and reasonableness and since Dinesh had already used
23. In the present case, the common intention was to commit unreasonable force to defend himself and then burnt
burglary and not murder. Thus, applying the Principle Ramesh alive without checking to ensure his death, the
directly, only A can be held liable for murder. defence would not be available for Dinesh.
24. Taradevi bought the jar because she was captivated by its 41. Although Nitin believed Suman to be a girl who has
beauty and not because it belonged to the Hoysala period attained a majority, he could not have escaped liability if
or because it was unbreakable. Thus, she cannot now sexual intercourse with a minor was considered illegal as
claim compensation from Zaverilal. he should have taken care to ascertain the facts before
25. Self-explanatory reaching conclusions for the law does not excuse
26. Self-explanatory. Damages cannot be paid to A to ignorance.
improve his position more than what it would have been 42. Owing to the leakage, Company X is strictly liable for the
if S would have given an accurate valuation of the house. damage caused due to its harmful product’s escape.
27. Though Ram did ask the Taxi Company to drive fast, the However, it would be grossly unfair to ask the company
same cannot be said to mean driving over and above the to pay for a special decontamination procedure and they
speed limit prescribed by law, which is also not would only be liable for the generally used normal
mentioned anywhere in the facts. Thus, Capital Taxi decontamination.
Company would be held liable. 43. The principle of strict liability entails that damages will
28. The principle talks about ‘Plaintiff’s Own Wrong’ and be received irrespective of fault and therefore, even if X
thus, Option (d) is the most obvious and appropriate had taken all the precautionary measures, they would
answer. have been held liable for contaminating the vicinity.
29. Self-explanatory 44. Here it is inconsequential whether A was intending to
30. If the Principle would have talked about negligence, then perform his legal duty or was working under goof faith.
option (c) would have been true. The question is rather The fact remains that he entered and damaged B’s
of ‘Occupier’s Liability’ which the occupier would owe property and thus, would be held liable for trespass.
towards invitees, licensees and trespassers. Technically 45. A might have actually slapped severely but he had no
speaking, the school did not owe any liability whatsoever way of knowing that his actions might lead to the death
under the ‘Occupier’s Liability’, as the occupier of the
of B’s unborn child as a miscarriage due to a slap is far watch and owed H no money for the repairs. The answer
too remote an incident. is (c).
46. This is a valid case of exercising the right of self defence. 48. Merely the smell of marijuana is not unreasonable
In the given circumstances Ram had received nine interference. The Mehta's are being unduly sensitive in
injuries on his body and he would not have survived if assuming that their five-year-old children will recognise
he had received any more bullet injuries. Therefore, Ram the smell, draw conclusions from it and be influence by
can validly claim right of self defence. the smell.
47. Theft has not been committed. There was no dishonest 49. Since Anthony failed to take due care of the children, he
intention since G was essentially taking back his own is liable.
ANSWER KEY AND EXPLANATIONS

Prep Test – Mathematics
1. b 2. c 3. a 4. d 5. d 6. b 7. d 8. d 9. b 10. d
11. d 12. d 13. c 14. a 15. c 16. c 17. b 18. d 19. b 20. c
1. (b) a. =√4 × 16 = 8 days
4
(0.75)3 + (1 − 0.75)⌈0.75 + (0.75)2 + 1⌉ 5. (d) In the mixture, acid = 80% =
5
√ 1
0.25 And water = 20% =
5
(0.75)3 + ⌊13 − (0.75)3 ⌋ Let 𝑥 𝑡ℎ part of the mixture be removed and replaced
√ by water.
0.25 4 4
− 𝑥 4
Then, 5 5
=
(0.75)3 +1− (0.75)3 1 1
1
3
√ 5−5𝑥+𝑥
0.25 4−4𝑥 4
⇒ =
1−𝑥+5𝑥 3
1 100 4−4𝑥 4
√ =√ =√4 = 2 ⇒ =
0.25 25 1−𝑥+5𝑥 3
2. (c) ⇒ 12 -12x = 4 + 16x
Let CP = Rs. X. ⇒ 8 = 28x
8 2th
Then, ⇒x = =
28 7
SP = 70% of x = 0.7x 6. (b) Ratio of reduction is number of employees = 9:8
0.7𝑥 7𝑥
⇒ MP = × 100 = Ratio of increment in wages = 14:15
60 6
If article is sold at the marked price, then Now, ratio of reduction in the wage bill
7
SP = x = 9×14 : 8×15
6
= 126 : 120
∴ Required profit per cent
7 = 21 : 20
𝑥−𝑥
=6 × 100% 7. (d) Let maximum score of the cricketer = x
𝑥
100 2 Then, his minimum score = x-172
= % = 16 %
6 3
Now, total score in 40 innings
3. (a)
= 38 × 48 = 1824
∴ sum of remaining two innings
= 2000 – 1824 = 176
Therefore, sum of maximum and minimum scores =
176
⇒ x+x-172 = 176
⇒ 2x = 348
Cistern fill till 5’clock = 4×2+3 = 11
11 ⇒ x = 174
Cistern will empty In = 2hr 12 min Thus, the highest score of the cricketer is 174.
5
= Or at 7:12 pm 1
8. (d) Time taken to cover of the distance
5
4. (d) 1 1 1
× =
Required number of days 5 8 40

1
Time taken to cover of the distance 12. (d)
10 𝑦
1 1 1 CP of 1 guava = Rs
= × = 𝑥
10 25 250 𝑥
Time taken to cover rest of the distance Sp of 1 guava = Rs
𝑦
1 1 1 ∵ x > y, therefore SP > CP and hence the fruit seller
= {1 − ( + )} ×
5 10 20
7 1 1 will have a gain.
= × =
10 20 250 Gain seller will have a gain.
Therefore, total time taken 𝑆𝑃−𝐶𝑃
1 1 1 Gain per cent = ×100
𝐶𝑃
= + + 𝑥 𝑦
40 250 200 −
𝑦 𝑥
=
25+4+35 = 𝑦 × 100%
100 𝑥
64 𝑥 − 𝑦2
2 𝑥
= × × 100%
1000 𝑥𝑦 𝑦
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑑
Thus, average speed = 𝑥 2− 𝑦 2 𝑥
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑛 = × ×
1000 𝑥𝑦 𝑦
= 100%
64
= 15.625 km/h =
𝑥 2− 𝑦 2
%
𝑦2
9. (b) Required percentage decrease
50 13. (c)
= × 100%
100+50 The area of square = 200 𝑚2
50
= × 100% a. The side of square = 10√2 m
150
1 So, the diagonal of square = 10√2 × √2
= 33 %
3
= 20m
10. (d) Let CP of the first chair = Rs x
So, the area of another square
and SP of the second chair = Rs (900 - x)
4 = (20)2 = 400𝑚2
∴ SP of the first chair = x
5 14. (a)
5
SP of the second chair = (900-x) Let rate of flow or river be u 𝑘𝑚⁄ℎ.
4
91 91
We know chat, Then, + = 20
10+𝑢 10−𝑢
SP – CP = Profit 10−𝑢+10+𝑢 20
⇒ =
4 5 100−𝑢2 91
x + (900-x) – 900 = 90 20 20
5 4
⇒ =
16𝑥+25(900−𝑥) 100−𝑢2 91
⇒ = 990
20 ⇒ 100- 𝑢2 = 91
16𝑥+22500−25𝑥)
⇒ = 990 ⇒ u = 3km/hr
20
⇒ -9x + 22500 = 19800 15. (c) Let the speed of boat in still water
⇒ 9x = 2700 = u km/h
⇒ x = 300 And the speed of stream = v km/h
25 39
11. (d) CP of two horses = Rs 40000 + Rs 40000 Then, + = 8 ……. (i)
𝑢−𝑣 𝑢+𝑣
= Rs 80000 And
35
+
52
= 11 …… (ii)
𝑢−𝑣 𝑢+𝑣
SP of one horse = 115% of 40000
Multiplying Eq. (i) by 4 and Eq. (ii) by 3 and
= 46000
subtracting Eq. (ii) from Eq. (i) We get
Let the second horse was sold at a loss of x% 100 105
- = 32 – 33
Then, SP of the second horse 𝑢−𝑣 𝑢−𝑣
−5
= (100 – x) % of ⇒ = -1
𝑢−𝑣
40000 ⇒ u-v = 5 ……….(iii)
= 40000 – 400x Now, from Eq. (i),
Total SP = 46000+40000- 400x ⇒
25
+
39
=8
5 𝑢+𝑣
= 86000 – 400x 39
⇒ =8–5
Now, using CP - SP = loss, we have 𝑢+𝑣
80000 – (86000 – 400x) = 36000 ⇒ u + v = 13 ….. (iv)

⇒ -6000 + 400x = 3600 Now, subtraction Eq. (iv) from Eq. (iii), We get
(u-v) – (u+v) = 5-
⇒ 400x = 9600
13
⇒ x = 24
⇒ -2v = -8
Thus, SP of the second horse
⇒ v = 4 km/h
= (100-24)% of 40000
16. (c) Sum of money at compound interest becomes 2
= 76% of 40000 = Rs 30400
times in 5 years.

∴ it will become 8 times i.e. (2)3 times ∴
𝐴𝑂 𝑂𝐵
𝐴𝑂′ 𝐴′𝐵′
In 5×3 = 15 years. 9 3
⇒ =
17. (b) Let the share of elder and younger sons be Rs. X 9−ℎ 𝑟
⇒ 3r = 9 - h
and Rs (120000 - x) respectively. Amount got by elder
⇒ h = 9 – 3h
son = Amount got by younger son
𝑥×5×4 Now, volume of frustum = 44
X+ 1
100 π h(𝑅2 + 𝑟 2 + 𝑅𝑟) = 44
(120000−𝑥)×5×6 3
= (120000 - x) + 1 22
100 ⇒ × × (9- 3r)(9+𝑟 2 +3r) = 44
𝑥 3 7
⟹ x + = (120000 - x) + ⇒ (3-r)(9+𝑟 2 +3r) = 2×7
5
(120000−𝑥)×5×6
⇒ 33 - 𝑟 3 = 14
100
11𝑥 ⇒ 𝑟 3 = 27 – 14
⟹ × 10 = 120000 × 10 + 360000-3x
5 ⇒ 𝑟 3 = 13
⟹ 22x = 1200000 + 360000 – 3x 3
⇒ r = √13 cm
⟹ 25x = 1560000 1
20. (c) Curved surface area = × Total surface area
⟹ x = Rs. 62400 3
1
Thus, younger son’s share = × 462
3
Rs. 120000 – 62400 = 154 sq cm
= Rs. 57600 Now, total surface area = 462
18. (d) ⇒ 2πrh + 2π𝑟 2 = 462
𝑥 𝑎 .𝑥 𝑏 .𝑥 𝑐 = 1 ⇒ 154 + 2π𝑟 2 = 462
⇒ 𝑥 𝑎+𝑏+𝑐 = 1 ⇒ 2π𝑟 2 = 308
⇒ 𝑥 𝑎+𝑏+𝑐 = 𝑥 0 308×7
⇒ 𝑟2 =
⇒ a+b+c = 0 2×22
∴ 𝑎3 + 𝑏 3 + 𝑐 3 = 3abc ⇒ 𝑟 2 = 49
(When a+b+c = 0, then 𝑎3 + 𝑏 3 + 𝑐 3 = 3 abc) ⇒r = 7
19. (b) Here, ∆AO’B’ and ∆AOB are similar. Again, 2πrh = 154
154
Let OO’ = h and OB’ = r h=
2𝜋𝑟
154×7
=
2×22×7
7
= cm
2
Thus, the volume of cylinder
= π𝑟 2 h
22 7
= ×49×
7 2
= 11×49
= 539 𝑐𝑚3

Answer Key & Explanations (CAPS)
1. d 2. a 3. a 4. c 5. c 6. b 7. c 8. a 9. c 10. c
11. b 12. c 13. b 14. a 15. c 16. a 17. b 18. b 19. a 20. d
21. b 22. d 23. b 24. d 25. a 26. a 27. b 28. a 29. a 30. a
31. b 32. b 33. b 34. c 35. b 36. d 37. b 38. b 39. c 40. d
41. a 42. b 43. c 44. b 45. b 46. d 47. d 48. c 49. a 50. b
51. c 52. b 53. b 54. c 55. b 56. a 57. c 58. b 59. d 60. b
61. a 62. c 63. b 64. a 65. a 66. d 67. d 68. a 69. a 70. d
71. a 72. b 73. a 74. d 75. b 76. a 77. d 78. b 79. c 80. d
81. b 82. c 83. c 84. b 85. a 86. a 87. c 88. c 89. d 90. d
91. a 92. c 93. a 94. b 95. c 96. d 97. b 98. b 99. c 100. b
101. a 102. a 103. b 104. c 105. a 106. d 107. b 108. d 109. d 110. b
111. c 112. b 113. b 114. b 115. d 116. d 117. a 118. a 119. a 120. c
121. b 122. c 123. c 124. a 125. b 126. c 127. b 128. a 129. a 130. d
131. d 132. c 133. d 134. a 135. a 136. d 137. b 138. b 139. c 140. a
141. d 142. b 143. c 144. d 145. d 146. d 147. b 148. a 149. c 150. d
151. b 152. a 153. a 154. a 155. c 156. c 157. b 158. a 159. d 160. b
161. b 162. c 163. d 164. d 165. c 166. d 167. c 168. a 169. c 170. b
171. a 172. b 173. d 174. c 175. d 176. a 177. b 178. a 179. c 180. c
181. c 182. b 183. d 184. d 185. a 186. d 187. d 188. d 189. a 190. c
191. d 192. c 193. d 194. d 195. c 196. b 197. a 198. c 199. b 200. c
1. Union Government and European Union (EU) have designated as authorised immigration centre for entry
collaborated for research programme named Horizon into and exit from India with valid travel documents for
2020 to develop Next Generation Influenza Vaccine to all passengers to or from Myanmar. Zokhawthar will be
protect citizens across the globe. For this research 2nd immigration check-post Lawngtlai district which was
programme, India’s Department of Biotechnology (DBT) opened in 2017.
and EU have committed Euro 15 million. 7. Department of Biotechnology (DBT) under Union
2. Search engine giant Google has unveiled Project Ministry of Science and Technology has signed
Navlekha to make online content relevant for more Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with
Indian users especially in local languages. It was International Energy Alliance for Clean Energy
unveiled along with host of upgrades of Google’s other Transition. The MoU seeks to deepen co-operation in
products at fourth ‘Google for India’ event held in New support of clean energy innovations to accelerate
Delhi. India is important market for Google as it is second research, development, and demonstration.
largest population of internet users in the world. At 8. Germany has announced to provide soft loan of euro 120
present, amount of online content in Indian languages is million (Rs. 990 crore approximately) to India to
only 1% of what is available in English. strengthen sewage water treatment infrastructure in
3. Union Government (Finance Ministry) has inked $220 Uttarakhand in an effort to clean River Ganga under
million Loan Agreement with World Bank to scale-up Clean Ganga Mission. German development agency GIZ
India’s Energy Efficiency Program. It also signed $80 also has prepared ‘Ganga Box’ aimed to target schools-
million guarantee agreement with World Bank. The loan going children and inform them about the river.
will be provided to EESL by World Bank through its 9. India has inked $346 million loan agreement with Asian
lending arm International Bank for Reconstruction and Development Bank (ADB) to finance Karnataka State
Development. Highways Improvement III Project (KSHIP-III) for
4. Union Government’s premier think tank NITI Aayog improvement of over 400 km of state highways in
has made computer chip manufacturer NVIDIA its deep Karnataka. This will help in enhancement of connectivity
learning technology partner to support its MoveHack and access to economic centres across 12 districts in
event. MoveHack is global mobility hackathon event Karnataka.
organized by NITI Aayog to crowdsource solutions 10. Union Ministry of Human Resource Development (HRD)
aimed at the future of mobility in India. has third edition of Smart India Hackathon 2019 (SIH-
5. India’s first first-ever environment friendly biofuel 2019). Smart India Hackathon is world’s biggest open
powered flight between Dehradun and Delhi was innovation model which aims to provide students with
propelled by blend of oil from jatropha seeds and platform to solve some of pressing problems faced by
aviation turbine fuel. The 43-minute flight was operated people in their daily lives. It also seeks to inculcate
by SpiceJet’s Bombardier Q-400 aircraft, with 20 officials culture of product innovation and mindset of problem-
and five crew members on board. solving among young children.
6. India has opened Zokhawthar land immigration check- 11. Governor of Assam has extended application of Armed
post in Mizoram along border with Myanmar. It has been Forces (Special Powers) Act, 1958 (AFSPA) in the entire

state for six more months with immediate effect. For this, released to generate public awareness towards road
it used powers conferred under Section 3 of the Armed safety.
Forces (Special Powers) Act, 1958 declaring entire state as 21. Justice Gita Mittal has been sworn in as the Chief Justice
‘Disturbed Area’ for up to 6 months. of the Jammu and Kashmir High Court. She was
12. Global IT giant IBM has partnered with Indian IT administered the oath of office by Governor N.N. Vohra.
companies for its ‘Call for Code’ initiative that aims to She is the first woman Chief Justice of Jammu & Kashmir
build global solutions for disaster management. Indian High Court.
IT companies that will partner with IBM for Call for Code 22. Hakam Singh Bhattal, the Asian Games gold medallist
initiative include Persistent Systems, Invest India, Wipro, athlete & Dhyan Chand awardee, has passed away in
Capgemini and NASSCOM. Sangrur, Punjab. He won gold at the 1978 Bangkok Asiad
13. Asian Development Bank (ADB) has approved financing in 20km race walk. In it, India ranked 6th with 11 gold
package of $245 million to implement project for medals. He also won gold in the Asian Track and Field
providing safe, sustainable drinking water service to Meeting held at Tokyo in 1979.
million people in three districts of West Bengal affected 23. NITI Aayog has launched a mobility pitch competition
by arsenic, fluoride, and salinity. “Pitch to MOVE” for budding startups in the mobility
14. Indian athlete Swapna Barman (21) won gold medal in field. The competition aims to identify and reward the
women’s Heptathlon Athletics event at 18th edition of start-ups offering innovative solutions for shared,
Asian Games held in Jakarta-Palembang in Indonesia. connected and environment friendly mobility. It will
With this, she became first Indian to win gold medal in provide budding entrepreneurs of India a unique
heptathlete event in Asian Games. opportunity to pitch their business ideas to a
15. Russia is going to conduct Vostok-2018 (East-2018) distinguished jury.
military exercise in central and eastern Russian military 24. Venkatesh Varma has been appointed India’s new
districts from September 11 to 15, 2018. It will be biggest ambassador to Russia, which is considered a high-profile
war games ever conducted by Russia since Zapad-81 posting due to expanse of strategic cooperation between
(West-81) exercise conducted by erstwhile Soviet Union the two countries. He will succeed Pankaj Saran, who has
in 1981. been appointed deputy NSA.
16. The first cow sanctuary in Rajasthan will be situated in 25. The Ease of Living Index 2018 has been launched by
Napasar, Bikaner to dedicate the entire area for cows, Hardeep Singh Puri, the Union Minister of State
much on the lines of a wildlife sanctuary. It will provide (Independent Charge) for Housing & Urban Affairs, in
shelter for 10,000 bovines spread over an area of more New Delhi on August 13. In it, Pune has been ranked
than 220 hectares in Bikaner district. The facilities in the first, followed by Navi Mumbai, Greater Mumbai,
sanctuary will include hospitals and Sewan grass as Triputi, Chandigarh, Thane, Raipur, Indore, Vijaywada
fodder for the animals. and Bhopal.
17. The World Organ Donation Day (WODD) is observed 26. The Central government has constituted a coordination
every year on August 13 to encourage people to donate committee headed by the Central Water Commission
their precious organs. Every year, about 5 lakh people die Chairman “Narendra Kumar” to coordinate the
awaiting organ transplants due to non-availability of discharge of floodwaters from inter-State projects
organs. There is a wide gap between the number of involving Kerala and Tamil Nadu, including
transplants awaited and the organs available. Mullaperiyar and Aliyar. The Chairman of the CWC will
18. Prasar Bharati has tied up with Google and its video monitor the situation at Mullaperiyar dam in view of
sharing platform YouTube to telecast the 72nd rising water level and continued heavy inflow.
Independence Day programme live online on 15th 27. Atal Bihari Vajpayee (93), the veteran leader, prolific
August 2018 to increase digital presence. Prasar Bharati writer and former Prime Minister of India, has passed
CEO Shashi Shekhar Vempati has stated that the live away in New Delhi on 16th August 2018. Born on 25th
stream window will be seen on the homepage of Google December 1924 in Gwalior, he was first elected to the Lok
itself so that people do not have to look for a separate link Sabha in 1957 and had a long parliamentary experience
to go to the Youtube channel. spanning over four decades.
19. China has successfully tested its first cutting-edge 28. Sashi Cheliah, an Indian origin prison guard from
waverider hypersonic aircraft “Xingkong-2 (or Starry Adelaide, has clinched the title of MasterChef Australia
Sky-2)” which could carry nuclear warheads and 2018 after scoring 93 out of 100 points. He defeated fellow
penetrate any current generation anti-missile defense contestant Ben Borsht, who scored 77 out of 100. For the
systems. This type of waverider aircraft uses shock first round, Cheliah made a sambal prawns starter, which
waves generated by its own flight as a lifting surface to got him a perfect 30 while his second recipe for the grand
enhance the lift-to-drag ratio to reach the hypersonic finale was a fish curry and cumin rice dish that he made
regime of Mach 5 or even above. to honour his aunt.
20. Akshay Kumar has been appointed the brand 29. Pradip Choudhury, who formed the central defensive
ambassador for Government of India (GoI)’s special road pair with Subroto Bhattacharya when Mohun Bagan took
safety awareness campaign. As part of the campaign on Pele’s Cosmos team in 1977, has been conferred the
“Sadak Suraksha – Jeevan Raksha”, three short films Mohun Bagan Ratna 2018 at the annual day of the 129-
starring Akshay as traffic police inspector has been year-old club on July 29. On the occasion of Mohun
Bagan Day 2018, Shilton Paul was given the Best
Footballer for the Year award and Sudip Chatterjee was organized by the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA),
handed the Best Cricketer of the Year honour. Government of India (GoI) in association with the
30. The Union Government has constituted a high level Government of Mauritius.
empowered committee to address the issues of stressed 39. Rajabhau Godse (57), the former Shiv Sena Member of
thermal power projects. The committee will be headed by Parliament (MP) from Nashik, has passed away in Nasik,
Cabinet Secretary, Pradeep Kumar Sinha with Maharashtra on August 17, 2018. He was elected to the
representatives from the Ministry of Railways, Ministry Lok Sabha from Nashik constituency in 1996. He had also
of Finance, Ministry of Power, Ministry of Coal and the been the city and district unit chief of the Sena after
lenders having major exposure to the power sector. starting his political career as Sarpanch of village Sansari
31. Javelin thrower star Neeraj Chopra from Haryana will in the district.
be India’s flag bearer in the opening ceremony of the 2018 40. Rafael Nadal, a Spanish professional tennis player, has
Asian Games in Jakarta, Indonesia. He will lead India’s clinched the 2018 men’s singles Rogers Cup tennis
contingent in the multi-sport event. So far, Chopra won tournament at the Aviva Centre in Toronto, Canada. In
gold in 2018 Gold Coast Commonwealth Games (CWG), the final, he defeated Greek teenager Stefanos Tsitsipas
2017 Asian Athletic championships, 2016 South Asian by 6–2, 7–6 to win his 4th Rogers Cup title. With this win,
Games and the 2016 World Junior Championships. the 17-time Grand Slam champion Nadal clinched his
32. China is hosting the 24th World Congress of Philosophy 80th ATP World Tour title and fifth victory of the year.
(WCP) 2018 in Beijing from August 13 with theme 41. Karman Kaur Thandi from Delhi has become only the
“Learning To Be Human”. The purpose of the event is to 6th Indian woman tennis player to crack the top-200
contribute to the development of professional relations rankings in singles and is now ranked exactly 200 in the
between philosophers of all countries, promote WTA list. Karman, backed by Mahesh Bhupathi, has
philosophical education & contribute to the impact of been in good form in the past few weeks, winning her
philosophical knowledge on global problems. maiden ITF singles title in Hong Kong and making the
33. BSNL has launched a VOIP based service “WINGS”. In semi-finals in two others in China.
WINGS, there is no SIM or cable wiring as is a VOIP 42. Gujarat Co-operative Milk Marketing Federation Ltd.
service through an app. The WINGS service offers (GCMMF), the marketers of the popular Amul brand of
unlimited free audio/video calling for one year. The milk and dairy products, was awarded the ‘Marketer of
service can be activated with a one-time fee of Rs. 1,099. the Year’ award by the International Advertising
34. Ramesh Powar, the former Indian off-spinner, has been Association of India (IAAI). The award was received by
appointed the head coach of the Indian Women’s RS Sodhi, the Managing Director (MD) of GCMMF, on
National Cricket team on an interim basis till 30th behalf of the 36 lakh milk famers and producers of
November 2018. His term will include the tours to Sri Gujarat.
Lanka in September, a bilateral series in West Indies in 43. India’s first in-phone tourism guide and mobile
October followed by the 2018 ICC Women’s World T20 application “Go whats That” has launched by
in West Indies in November. Dharmendra Pradhan, the Union Minister for Petroleum
35. Santhali has become the first Indian tribal language to & Natural Gas and Skill Development &
get a Wikipedia edition in its native script. It is a Entrepreneurship, at Rock Garden in Chandigarh on July
language in the Munda subfamily of Austroasiatic 28, 2018. This is first of its kind app where tourist can scan
languages & presently has content of about 70,000 words. QR code at a heritage site to download the history &
The Santhali Wikipedia edition received approval from details of that place in multiple languages.
the Wikimedia Foundation’s Language Committee on 44. Prabhat Koli (19) from Maharashtra, who crossed the
June 28, 2018 and finally, the Santali Wikipedia site was English Channel when he was 16, has become the first
launched on 2nd August 2018. Asian to swim the choppy water from Jersey (an Island
36. The Andhra Pradesh government will set up ‘iHub’ (the in the UK) to France in cold weather. The long-distance
intelligent hub), a first-of-its kind global research centre sea swimmer covered 25km in 6 hours and 54 minutes.
for scientific learning with an initial investment of Rs 245 45. The Telangana government will setup a state of the art
crore spread over five years. For this purpose, state “B-Hub” for biotech and biopharma sector in Genome
government has already collaborated with UNESCO Valley, Hyderabad. It’s a first-of-its-kind initiative in the
Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Education for Peace and country, aimed at providing much-needed support to the
Sustainable Development. biopharma research and development activities,
37. The IIT Kharagpur has decided to set up a Re-Water featuring a scale-up manufacturing facility along with a
Research Center to replenish and rejuvenate water turnkey incubator, lab space module at GLP grade
resources. It will be seed-funded by two alumni members spreading over a built-up area of 40,000 sq.ft.
– Aneesh Reddy & Aditya Choubey. The purpose of the 46. NCW member Rekha Sharma from Haryana has been
‘Aditya Choubey Center for Re-Water Research’ is to appointed the new chairperson of the National
tackle the challenge of resolving two burning issues faced Commission for Women (NCW). She was recently
by urban India – sewage disposal and access to clean embroiled in a controversy after she recommended
potable water. abolishing the practice of “confessions” in churches as it
38. The 11th World Hindi Conference 2018 (WHC) has can lead to blackmailing of women, after such a case
started in Port Louis, the capital of Mauritius, with theme came to light in Kerala.
“Hindi World and Indian Culture” on August 18. It was
47. The World Day against Trafficking in Persons is second immigration check-post in Mizoram along
observed every year on July 30 to raise awareness of the Myanmar border after Zorinpui check-post in Lawngtlai
situation of victims of human trafficking and for the district which was opened in September 2017.
promotion and protection of their rights. The 2018 theme 56. Indian athlete Swapna Barman (21) won gold medal in
“Responding to the trafficking of children and young women’s Heptathlon Athletics event at 18th edition of
people” highlights the fact that almost a 3rd of trafficking Asian Games held in Jakarta-Palembang in Indonesia.
victims are children. With this, she became first Indian to win gold medal in
48. The 2018 cleanliness survey for Indian Railways has heptathlete event in Asian Games.
been conducted by the Quality Council of India (QCI) i.e. 57. The Government of Odisha has launched a 360-degree
announced by Railway Minister Piyush Goyal in New nation-wide publicity campaign “Heartbeats for
Delhi on August 13. Among the A-1 category stations, Hockey” to attract fans for 2018 men’s hockey World
Jodhpur has been declared the cleanest railway station in Cup. The movement attempts to get India behind the
the A1 category, followed by Jaipur and Tirupati game by way of music, entertainment, fashion, pure
(Andhra Pradesh). In A category stations, Marwar sport and panel discussions. Each time anyone holds the
(Rajasthan) has been placed at first position, followed by custom-made hockey stick, named ‘Heart Beat’, their
Phulera (Rajasthan) and Warangal (Telangana) heart beat will be recorded as a pledge to support hockey.
49. India has opened Zokhawthar land immigration check- 58. Akshay Venkatesh, a renowned Indian-Australian
post in Champhai, Mizoram along border with mathematician, has won the 2018 Fields Medal for his
Myanmar. It has been designated as authorised profound contributions to an exceptionally broad range
immigration centre for entry into and exit from India of subjects in mathematics. Venkatesh is one of four
with valid travel documents for all passengers to or from winners of mathematics’ top honour known as the Nobel
Myanmar. Zokhawthar will be second immigration prize for math. The Fields medals are awarded every four
check-post in Mizoram along Myanmar border after years to the most promising mathematicians under the
Zorinpui check-post in Lawngtlai district which was age of 40.
opened in 2017. 59. India has been ranked 96th in the United Nation’s E-
50. Union Government and European Union (EU) have Government Development Index (EGDI) 2018. The
collaborated for research programme named Horizon survey, released by UN every two years, noted that India
2020 to develop Next Generation Influenza Vaccine to has scored 100% in the first stage of the E-Participation
protect citizens across the globe. For this research sub-index, followed by 95.65% in the second stage and
programme, India’s Department of Biotechnology (DBT) 90.91% in the third stage.
and EU have committed Euro 15 million. 60. Search engine giant Google has unveiled Project
51. Indian athlete Swapna Barman (21) won gold medal in Navlekha to make online content relevant for more
women’s Heptathlon Athletics event at 18th edition of Indian users especially in local languages. It was
Asian Games held in Jakarta-Palembang in Indonesia. unveiled along with host of upgrades of Google’s other
With this, she became first Indian to win gold medal in products at fourth ‘Google for India’ event held in New
heptathlete event in Asian Games. She hails from West Delhi. India is important market for Google as it is second
Bengal. largest population of internet users in the world. At
52. Russia is going to conduct Vostok-2018 (East-2018) present, amount of online content in Indian languages is
military exercise in central and eastern Russian military only 1% of what is available in English.
districts from September 11 to 15, 2018. It will be biggest 61. India has inked $346 million loan agreement with Asian
war games ever conducted by Russia since Zapad-81 Development Bank (ADB) to finance Karnataka State
(West-81) exercise conducted by erstwhile Soviet Union Highways Improvement III Project (KSHIP-III) for
in 1981. improvement of over 400 km of state highways in
53. The first ‘Nepal-India Think Tank’ Summit was held in Karnataka. This will help in enhancement of connectivity
Kathmandu on July 31 to foster greater collaboration and and access to economic centres across 12 districts in
knowledge-sharing among the think tanks of the two Karnataka.
countries. It was inaugurated by Pushpa Kamal Dahal 62. The Asian Games, 2018 were held in Jakarta-Palembang
‘Prachanda’, the former Prime Minister of Nepal and Co- in Indonesia this year. The event was the 18th edition of
Chairman of ruling Nepal Communist Party. the tournament which happens once every four years in
54. Rajasthan has become the first Indian state to implement any of the Asian nations. Swapna Barman became the
the National policy on bio fuels, which was launched by first Indian athlete to win a gold medal in women’s
the Union Government in May 2018. The desert State will Heptathlon event at the games.
lay emphasis on increasing production of oilseeds and 63. MeitY has launched a desktop software ‘e-Aksharayan’
establish a Centre for Excellence in Udaipur to promote for converting any scanned or printed Indian language
research in the fields of alternative fuels and energy documents into a fully editable text format in Unicode
resources. encoding. The text can be also saved separately. The
55. India has opened Zokhawthar land immigration check- application is free of cost and supports editing in 7 Indian
post in Mizoram along border with Myanmar. It has been languages viz. Hindi, Bangla, Malayalam, Gurmukhi,
designated as authorised immigration centre for entry Tamil, Kannada & Assamese.
into and exit from India with valid travel documents for 64. Following the publication of the final draft of National
all passengers to or from Myanmar. Zokhawthar will be Register of Citizens (NRC) in Assam, the Manipur
government has constituted two committees – state and Working Group on Indigenous Populations in Geneva in
district level – to deal with a possible influx of illegal 1982. On this day, people from around the world are
immigrants. The State Level Monitoring Committee will encouraged to spread the UN’s message on the
monitor the entry or presence of illegal immigrants in the protection and promotion of the rights of indigenous
state and take steps for creating adequate public peoples.
awareness to counter the situation. 74. The Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers Ltd
65. Indian golfer Gaganjeet Bhullar has won the 2018 Fiji (GRSE) has become the first defence Public Sector Units
International title. It is his first win on the European Tour, (PSU) to be activated on the TReDS (Trade Receivable
ninth Asian Tour and 10th international title overall. Discounting System) platform. The platform enables
Thus, he became the most successful Indian player on discounting of invoices of MSME sellers against large
Asian Tour and the first Indian to win on Australasia buyers through an auction mechanism, helping prompt
Tour. realisation of trade receivables at competitive market
66. The Karnataka government has launched a rural rates and helps avoid the constraints in obtaining
cleanliness and sanitation campaign “Swachhameva financing.
Jayate” to make every citizen in rural Karnataka take a 75. In the 14th edition of Women’s Hockey World Cup 2018,
pledge of cleanliness. The aim of the campaign is to boost defending champions the Netherlands recorded a
the Swachh Survkekshan Grameen 2018 (SSG 2018) stunning 6-0 victory over Ireland in the summit clash at
survey in all the districts with the help of school children. London on August 5 to extend their unbeaten run in all
67. Ranjit Srivastava, the Ranchi-based software developer, competitions to 32 matches. It must be noted that the
has claimed to develop the world’s first Hindi speaking Netherlands have been crowned the world champions
realistic humanoid robot and India’s first lip-synching for a record 8th time.
robot. The robot “Rashmi” has developed in 2 years at a 76. On August 6, the world’s first-ever facility to create
minimum cost of Rs 50,000. In simple words, Srivastava thermal batteries has been inaugurated in Andhra
developed an Indian version of a social humanoid robot Pradesh by the state’s Chief Minister N Chandrababu
‘Sophia’ that was developed by a Hong Kong based Naidu in Amaravati. The thermal battery plant, which is
company. The robot can speak Hindi, Bhojpuri and manufactured by the Bharat Energy Storage Technology
Marathi along with English. Private Limited (BEST), is expected to start commercial
68. The two week-long joint military exercise “Maitree 2018′ operations by May 2019.
has started between Indian Army and Royal Thai Army 77. The Khangchendzonga Biosphere Reserve (KBR) of
in Thailand on August 6 with a focus on enhancing anti- Sikkim has been included in the UNESCO’s World
terror cooperation between the two sides. The exercise Network of Biosphere Reserve (WHBR). With this,
will emphasize to hone the tactical and technical skills in number of biosphere reserves from the country included
joint counter insurgency and counter terrorist operations in World Network of Biosphere Reserves has increased
in rural and urban scenario under UN mandate. to 11. KBR is the highest biosphere reserve in the country
69. Olympic champion Carolina Marin of Spain has become that includes the third highest mountain peak in the
the first woman shuttler to win the women’s singles world, Kanchenjunga (8,586 m).
World Badminton Championships thrice with an 78. India’s first all-woman Special Weapons and Tactics
emphatic victory over P.V. Sindhu of India in Nanjing, (SWAT) team for anti-terrorist operations has been
China on August 5, 2018. Earlier, Marin won the title in inducted in Delhi Police. The 36 elite women
2014 and the 2015 Jakarta edition. commandos, hailing from north-eastern states, have
70. In Madhya Pradesh, the elephants at the Kanha National undergone rigorous training of around 15 months from
Park (KNP) are on a week-long picnic. This picnic, which specialists all across India and abroad to handle urban
is arranged every year, includes massaging for the situations as well as jungle operations.
elephants and a delicious menu. The purpose of a picnic 79. Axis Bank has become the India’s first bank to introduce
is to provide family time to Jumbo. Iris Scan Authentication feature for Aadhaar-based
71. NDA candidate Harivansh Narayan Singh has been transactions through its micro ATM tablets. As per study
elected as the Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha after conducted by the International Centre for Biometric
defeating opposition nominee B K Hariprasad on 9th Research (ICBR), Iris scan technology is completely
August 2018. Mr Harivansh, a veteran journalist, contactless and provides up to 98.2% authentication
represents the state of Bihar in the House as a JD(U) success rate and offers an edge over other prevalent
member. biometric modes.
72. Avi Goel, the Indian-American high school student, has 80. Annie Zaidi, an Indian author, has won the 2018 Hindu
won the International Geography Bee World Playwright Award 2018 for her play ‘Untitled’ at the 14th
Championship 2018 in junior varsity division in Berlin, edition of The Hindu Theatre Fest at the Taj Coromandel.
Germany. Avi is a tenth grader at Silver Creek High The award was presented by Ratna Pathak Shah, actor
School in Evergreen, San Jose, California. He won a gold and director. The award, instituted in 2008, carries a prize
medal in 7 out of the 10 medal events, and a silver medal of Rs 2 lakh for the best original, unpublished and
in two of the events, topping the overall medals table. unperformed play script in English.
73. The International Day of the World’s Indigenous 81. The International Youth Day (IYD) is celebrated every
Peoples is observed every year on August 9 in year on August 12 to recognize the efforts of the world’s
recognition of the first meeting of the United Nations youth in enhancing global society. The day is the
brainchild of the United Nations to draw attention to a world. The art fair will attracts visitors with an interest in
given set of cultural and legal issues surrounding the the art world, such as curators, artists, collectors,
youth of today. The 2018 theme is “Safe Spaces for journalists, gallerists and critics and art lovers.The
Youth”. director of the 4-day annual art fair will be Jagdip Jagpal.
82. In Hyderabad, India’s first genetic bank for wildlife 91. Dr. Ram Sewak Sharma has been reappointed the
conservation has been inaugurated by Union Minister for Chairman of Telecom Regulatory Authority of India
Science and Technology Dr. Harsh Vardhan at the (TRAI) till 30th September 2020. He was in July 2015
Laboratory for Conservation of Endangered Species named as the TRAI chief for a three-year period.
(LaCONES) in CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Recently, he triggered a debate around safety of Aadhaar
Biology (CCMB) to protect India’s biodiversity and by tweeting his Aadhaar number and challenging
environment. Twitter users to cause any harm from the knowledge of
83. The World Elephant Day (WED) is observed every year the number.
on August 12 to bring the world together to help protect 92. The President of India, Ram Nath Kovind inaugurated
& honour these gentle giants and to spread awareness the ‘One District One Product (ODOP)’ Summit in
about the critical threats they are facing. The day is also Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh on August 10, 2018. The summit
observed to bring attention to the urgent plight of Asian has been organised by the Uttar Pradesh government to
and African elephants and to share knowledge & positive promote traditional industries and spur local trade.
solutions for the better care and management of captive During the summit, with a tagline of ‘Nayi Udaan, Nayi
and wild elephants. Pehchan’, the President distributed loan sanction papers
84. Nobel prize winning scientist Marie Curie was the most to some artisans.
influential woman in this poll. The magazine ranked 93. Prof. Talat Ahmad, the renowned earth scientist, has
Polish born Curie at the top of a list of 100 women who become the new vice chancellor of the University of
changed the world, for her role in treating cancer. Kashmir. He succeeded Khurshid Iqbal Andrabi. Prior to
85. The Parliament of India has passed the 123rd this post, Ahmad was the vice chancellor of Jamia Millia
Constitutional Amendment Bill, which grants Islamia. He has been a recipient of several prestigious
constitutional status to the National Commission for awards and citations, including the National Mineral
Backward Classes (NCBC). The bill was passed after the Award, 1994 from the Government of India.
House repealed the NCBC Act, 1993. It will contribute to 94. The Himachal Pradesh government has launched “Horn
the empowerment of the OBC communities across India. Not Ok’’ awareness campaign in Shimla and Mandi
The bill states that the President may specify the socially along with a state-wide mobile application ‘shaur nahin’
and educationally backward classes in the various states. (no noise). The main aim of the campaign is to spread
86. Dr. Ajay Data from Jaipur, the Founder and CEO of Data awareness of unnecessary blowing horn as it creates
XGen Plus, has become the first Indian to be appointed a unnecessary noise pollution.
council member of ICANN panel Country Code Names 95. Jalees Sherwani (70), the veteran screenplay writer, has
Supporting Organization (ccNSO). He has got a 2-year passed away in Mumbai. Maharashtra on August 1, 2018.
term and will take up the position during ICANN ‘s 63rd He had penned lyrics for several Salman Khan films like
Annual General Meeting in Spain in October 2018. “Dabangg”, “Wanted” and “Tere Naam”. Apart from
87. The Telangana government has signed pact with Tech writing dialogues for “Sangam” and “Loafer”, Sherwani
Mahindra to establish the Blockchain district in also penned lyrics for films like “Partner”, “Hello”,
Hyderabad, a first-of-its-kind Centre of Excellence for “Garv”.
Blockchain. The MoU was signed during the 3-day 96. Michelle Bachelet, the former two-time President of
International congress at HICC in Hyderabad. Initially it Chile, has been officially appointed new UN High
would be a virtual cluster, connecting with the Commissioner for Human Rights for a period of 4 years.
stakeholders working in the emerging technology. She will succeed Jordanian diplomat Zeid Ra’ad al-
88. Molecular biologists at the Centre for Excellence in Hussein in September 2018. The High Commissioner is
Molecular Plant Sciences in China have claimed to create the principle official who speaks out for human rights
the world’s first single-chromosome yeast while not across the whole UN.
affecting the majority of its functions. If their claim is true 97. The Indian Army has launched the major rescue and
then this breakthrough could help in furthering research relief operation “Operation Sahyog” at Kannur,
related to aging and diseases in humans. Kozhikode, Wayanad and Idukki after incessant rain and
89. The Mizoram government will start the repatriation landslides hit various northern districts of Kerala. The
process of Bru (Reang) tribals from Tripura to Mizoram army constructed temporary bridges for the evacuations
from August 14 to September 10. The Brus are in Tripura of the stranded people from the isolated villages.
since late 1997 in the wake of a communal tension 98. NASA has successfully launched the Parker Solar Probe
triggered by the murder of a forest guard inside the mission to send a satellite closer to the Sun than any
Dampa Tiger Reserve in 1997 by Bru National Liberation before. The rocket carrying the Parker Solar Probe lifted
Front (BNLF) militants. off from Space Launch Complex 37 at Cape Canaveral
90. The 11th edition of the India Art Fair 2019 will be held Air Force Station, Florida in the US. It is the world’s first
from January 31 to February 3 in New Delhi. It is best mission to touch the Sun that will unlock the mysteries of
known for its strong representation of leading Indian star’s fiery outer atmosphere and its effects on space
galleries alongside selected exhibitors from across the weather during the 7-year long journey.
99. NITI Aayog has launched a global mobility hackathon them to leave the country without penalties and giving
“Move Hack” to crowdsource solutions for future of them 6 months to find job.
mobility in India. Focused on 10 themes and open to 108. Gopalkrishna Gandhi, the former West Bengal governor,
individuals from all nationalities, the hackathon will has been selected for 2018 Rajiv Gandhi Sadbhavana
have an online leg, followed by a Singapore leg, and the Award for his outstanding contribution towards the
finals in New Delhi. The purpose of MoveHack is to promotion of communal harmony, peace and goodwill.
bring about innovative, dynamic and scalable solutions The award will be presented to him at a special ceremony
to problems pertaining to mobility. on August 20 at Jawahar Bhawan.
100. Governor of Assam has extended application of Armed 109. The World Humanitarian Day (WHD) is held every year
Forces (Special Powers) Act, 1958 (AFSPA) in the entire on August 19 to pay tribute to aid workers who risk their
state for six more months with immediate effect. For this, lives in humanitarian service, and to rally support for
it used powers conferred under Section 3 of the Armed people affected by crises around the world. The day
Forces (Special Powers) Act, 1958 declaring entire state as recognizes humanitarian personnel and those who have
‘Disturbed Area’ for up to 6 months. lost their lives working for humanitarian causes. The
101. The Asian Games, 2018 were held in Jakarta-Palembang campaign theme of 2018 WHD is #NotATarget.
in Indonesia this year. The event was the 18th edition of 110. Wrestler Bajrang Punia clinched India’s first gold medal
the tournament which happens once every four years in in the 18th Asian Games after defeating Takatani Daichi
any of the Asian nations. Swapna Barman became the of Japan in the men’s 65 kg freestyle title bout in Jakarta,
first Indian athlete to win a gold medal in women’s Indonesia. Punia, who hails from Haryana, had won
Heptathlon event at the games. three consecutive gold medals — 2018 CWG (Gold
102. Union Government has signed $375 million loan Coast), Tbilisi Grand Prix (Georgia) and Yasar Dogu
agreement with Asian Development Bank (ADB) for International (Istanbul) — ahead of the 2018 Asian
Madhya Pradesh Irrigation Efficiency Improvement Games.
Project. The project will contribute to double farming 111. Vinesh Phogat has created history by becoming the first
incomes in Madhya Pradesh by expanding irrigation Indian woman wrestler to win a gold medal at the Asian
networks and system efficiency. Games. in the final match in freestyle 50 kg category, she
103. John Sankaramangalam (84), the Veteran filmmaker and defeated Japan’s Yuki Irie in Jakarta, Indonesia on
former director of Film and Television Institute of India August 20, 2018. The gold also enabled Vinesh to achieve
(FTTI), has passed away in Thiruvalla, Kerala on July 30, another feat as she became the only woman wrestler to
2018. A multi-time recipient of national and state awards, win two medals in back-to-back Asian Games.
Sankaramangalam was known for his experimental 112. Using data from the Chandrayaan-I spacecraft, that was
movies. Some of his directorial ventures are “Aval launched by the Indian Space Research Organisation
Alpam Vaikippoyi”, “Janmabhoomi” and (ISRO) in 2008, NASA Scientists have confirmed the
“Samantharam”. presence of frozen water deposits in the darkest and
104. The World Biodiesel Day (WBD) is observed every year coldest parts of the Moon’s polar regions. Scientists used
on August 10 to create awareness about the importance data from NASA’s Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3)
of non-fossil fuels as an alternative to conventional fossil instrument aboard the Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft to
fuels and to highlight the various efforts made by the identify three specific signatures that definitively prove
Government in the biofuel sector. The day also honours there is water ice at the surface of the Moon.
the research experiments by Sir Rudolf Diesel who ran an 113. The first-ever International Day of Remembrance and
engine with peanut oil in the year of 1893. In India, the tribute to the Victims of Terrorism is observed by United
2018 WBD is observed by the Ministry of Petroleum & Nations on 21st August 2018 to honour the innocent
Natural Gas. victims of terror attacks around the world, who will
105. Lewis Hamilton, a British racing driver who races in forever remain in our hearts. As per resolution 72/165
Formula One for Mercedes AMG Petronas, has won the (2017), the international day will serve as a reminder to
2018 Hungarian Grand Prix at the Hungaroring circuit. It stop and listen to the victims and survivors of terrorism,
is his sixth Hungarian Grand Prix title and also 67th to raise up their voices and recognize the impact
career victory. terrorism has on their lives.
106. The Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) has 114. Iran has launched its first state-of-the-art domestic
launched a dedicated portal – Forum of Cargo Owners fighter jet “Kowsar” at a defense show in Tehran on
and Logistics Operators (FOCAL) – to connect cargo August 23, 2018. The jet is a fourth-generation fighter,
owners and shippers with real time data on availability with advanced avionics and multi-purpose radar. It is
of vessels. The landmark e-connect measure will enable designed and manufactured by domestic military
direct interaction among the vessel operators, shippers experts. It is dual-cockpit, single engine jet with single
and cargo owners as currently, there is no platform to tail fin.
know the availability of vessels in the market. 115. Jhulan Nishit Goswami, the veteran Indian women’s
107. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has recently launched team pacer, has announced her retirement from
a landmark 3-month visa amnesty programme which International T20 cricket. She represented India in 68
will benefit hundreds of illegal foreign workers, T20Is picking up 56 wickets which included a 5-wicket
including Indians, overstaying their permits by allowing haul against Australia in 2012. Goswami will only play
One Day International (ODIs) (as India don’t play Test
cricket), in which format she is the world’s highest Washington DC. The award was given to Singh for
wicket-taker with 200 scalps from 169 games. exceptionally meritorious service as Chief of Army Staff
116. The book “281 and Beyond” is the autobiography of (CoAS) from August 2014 to December 2016.
veteran cricketer VVS Laxman, which will be launched 124. Indian Shooter Deepak Kumar claimed Silver in the
by Westland Sport in November 2018. The title has been Men’s 10-metre Air Rifle event with a score of 247.7
borrowed from the Hyderabad stylist’s fabulous series- points at the Jakarta Asian Games 2018 in Indonesia. In
turning innings of 281 against Australia at the Eden the Men’s Trap, Lakshay clinched the silver medal with
Gardens in 2001. His partnership along with Rahul an impressive 43 from 50 shots. Earlier, Wrestler Bajrang
Dravid in that match is one of the best batting Punia had given India its first Gold of the Games in the
partnerships in cricket history. 65 kg division.
117. The 2018 International Buddhist Conclave (IBC) will be 125. On August 19, India has successfully test-fired the
inaugurated by President Ram Nath Kovind with theme indigenously developed helicopter launched Anti-Tank
“Buddha Path – The Living Heritage” in New Delhi on Guided Missile (ATGM) ‘HELINA’ from an Army
August 23. The aim of the conclave is to showcase helicopter ‘Rudra’ in Pokhran test range in Rajasthan.
Buddhist Heritage in India and boost tourism. It is being The HELINA weapon system tested for its full range was
organized by the Ministry of Tourism in collaboration released smoothly from the launch platform.
with the State Governments of Maharashtra, Bihar and 126. In Rajasthan, India’s largest Startup incubation and
Uttar Pradesh acceleration- Bhamashah Techno Hub – was inaugurated
118. Satya Pal Malik has been appointed the new Governor by Chief Minister Vasundhara Raje in Jaipur On August
of Jammu & Kashmir. He will replace N N Vohra. Prior 23, 2018. The purpose of the techno hub is to create an
to this post, Malik was the Governor of Bihar. On 21 ecosystem for promoting state’s youth for
August, other governors of states appointed were Lal Ji entrepreneurship.
Tandon for Bihar, Ganga Prasad for Sikkim, Tathagata 127. The 2018 India Banking Conclave (IBC) was held in New
Roy for Meghalaya and Kaptan Singh Solanki for Delhi to address issues of India’s Banking Sector. It was
Tripura. Satyadev Narayan Arya was appointed as the organized by Centre for Economic Policy Research
Governor of Haryana while Baby Rani Maurya was (CEPR) and the government Think Tank NITI Aayog.
appointed as the Governor of Uttarakhand. IBC 2018 is an important platform for varied
119. Kofi Annan (80), the former UN secretary-general and a stakeholders connected to India’s banking and financial
Ghanaian diplomat, has passed away in Switzerland on sectors.
August 18, 2018. He served two terms as UN chief from 128. The Indian Institute of Technology-Hyderabad (IIT-H)
1997 to 2006. Mr Annan was the first black African to has launched an exclusive incubator “Fabless Chip
become UN secretary-general. He later served as the UN Design Incubator (FabCI)” to boost chip design. It is a
special envoy for Syria, leading efforts to find a peaceful first of its kind in India that will focus on creating an
solution to the conflict. He was awarded the Nobel Peace ecosystem for start-ups in chip design. The purpose of
Prize in 2001 for helping to revitalize the international FabCI is to incubate at least 50 ‘Make-in-India’ chip
body, during a period that coincided with the Iraq War. design companies that can compete globally and
120. India’s Arpinder Singh (25) won gold medal in Men’s generate Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs).
Triple Jump event at 2018 Jakarta-Palembang Asian 129. Prof Appa Rao Podile, the Vice Chancellor of the
Games. He lodged best jump of 16.77m in third at University of Hyderabad (UoH), has been selected for the
attempt to win gold medal. He had won bronze medal at prestigious J C Bose Fellowship-2018 of Department of
the Glasgow Commonwealth Games. He had finished Science and Technology (DoST) by Government of India
fifth in 2014 Incheon Asian Games. (GoI). The fellowship is given in recognition of his
121. The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India performance in the area of plant-microbe interactions in
(FSSAI) has decided to form a 3-member committee to general and induced resistance in plants in particular.
look into the draft of Food Safety and Standards 130. The Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) has become
(Labelling and Display) Regulations 2018. The expert the first Public Sector Unit (PSU) to make a transaction
committee will be led by B Sesikeran, former director of on the “TReDS platform”. The transaction was financed
National Institute of Nutrition (NIN), and comprise by Bank of Baroda (BoB) and since stands settled. The
current NIN director Hemalatha and AIIMS’ Nikhil TReDS platform is an online electronic institutional
Tandon. mechanism for facilitating the financing of trade
122. SK Arora, the Delhi government’s additional director of receivables of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
health, has been honoured with the prestigious World (MSME) through multiple financiers. The acronym
Health Organization (WHO) World No Tobacco Day ‘TReDS’ stands for Trade Receivables Discounting
2017 Award for his extraordinary contribution towards System.
tobacco control. The National Health Policy 2017 of the 131. The National Green Tribunal (NGT) has appointed
Government of India (GoI) has set targets of relative former Punjab and Haryana High Court Chief Justice S J
reduction in tobacco prevalence by 15% by 2020 and 30% Vazifdar as head of a 3-member committee to decide
by 2025. Delhi already achieved these targets before 2017. mining company Vedanta Limited’s plea challenging the
123. Former Indian Army chief General Dalbir Singh Suhag Tamil Nadu government’s order to close the Sterlite
has been awarded the United States (US) ‘Legion of Merit copper plant at Thoothukudi.
(Degree of commander)’ on August 17, 2018, at Pentagon,
132. The world’s first blockchain bond “bond-i” has recently landmark discovery that female mosquitoes
launched by World Bank (WB), which is to be created, “Anopheles” transmit malaria to humans.
allocated, transferred and managed through its life cycle 141. The 9-member Steering Committee, headed by Stanford
using distributed ledger technology. The “bond-I” stands University Prof. AJ Paulraj, has recently submitted its 5G
for Blockchain Operated New Debt Instrument and is high level forum report titled ‘Making India 5G Ready’
also has reference to Sydney’s most famous beach ‘Bondi to Telecom Secretary Aruna Sundararajan. The report
Beach’. suggested the Central government should announce its
133. The Arunachal Pradesh government has decided to 5G policy by 31st December 2018, besides setting up a
organize a youths’ conclave “ATAL – Arunachal standing committee to advise on building the
Transformation & Aspirational Leadership” in Itanagar infrastructure for spectrum technology.
on 22nd September 2018. The aim of the 3-day ATAL 142. The committee, chaired by Corporate Affairs Secretary
conclave is to engage youths in the age group of 18 to 30 Injeti Srinivas, has recently submitted final report on
years of the state pro-actively in the areas of public policy review of penal provisions of Company Act 2013 to the
and governance. Union Minister for Finance & Corporate Affairs, Arun
134. Renowned aerospace scientist Dr G Satheesh Reddy, Jaitley. The Committee recommended that the existing
who is scientific adviser to the Defence minister, has been rigour of the law should continue for serious offences,
appointed new chairman of the Defence Research and covering six categories.
Development Organisation (DRDO) for a period of two 143. Prasar Bharati has recently signed MoU with Mizzima
years. He will also be secretary in the Department of Media Group of Myanmar to realize cooperation and
Defence Research and Development (DDR&D) for the collaboration in broadcasting and content sharing. The
same period. agreement was signed in the presence of Prasar Bharati
135. The National Electoral Transformation (NETA) mobile CEO, Shashi Shekhar Vempati and Editor-in-chief and
application has been launched by former President MD, Mizzima in New Delhi.
Pranab Mukherjee wherein voters can review and rate 144. Satya S Tripathi, the veteran Indian development
their elected representatives (MPs& MLAs) as well as economist and UN official, has been appointed Assistant
hold them accountable. Apart from this, the application Secretary-General and Head of the New York Office of
is being seen as an instrument to track voter sentiment the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).
across various constituencies in India. The appointment was made by UN Secretary-General
136. Fouaad Mirza clinched silver in the equestrian event Antonio Guterres.
with a score of 26.40 at the 2018 Jakarta Asian Games on 145. Olympic Silver Medalist PV Sindhu has created history
August 26. With this, he became the first Indian to win by becoming the first-ever Indian shuttler to enter a
an Asian Games individual medal in the equestrian event badminton final at the Asian Games. She stormed into
after 36 years. The last individual eventing medal came the women’s singles final after defeating Akane
in 1982 when Raghubir Singh topped the table in New Yamaguchi of in the semi-final at the 18th Asian Games
Delhi. 2018 on August 27.
137. On August 23, the International Water Colour Festival 146. Dr. Ravinder Kumar Singhal (53), the Maharashtra cadre
2018 has started at Audrey House in Ranchi, which is IPS officer & presently Nashik Police Commissioner, has
organized by the Jharkhand Art Culture and Tourism successfully completed the immensely difficult
Department in Audrey House. The aim of the 5-day fest “Ironman triathlon” in 15 hours and 13 minutes as
is to bring local artists in touch with the international art against the stipulated time of 17 hours in France on
and promote the rich art and culture of Jharkhand. August 26, 2018.
138. The multi-nation counter-terror exercise Shanghai 147. Neeraj Chopra has created history by becoming the first-
Cooperation Organization (SCO) Peace Mission 2018 has ever Indian javelin-thrower to win an Asian Games gold
started at Chebarkul, Russia on August 24 to provide an medal. He shattered his own national record by clearing
opportunity to the armed forces of SCO nations to train a distance of 88.06m at the 2018 Jakarta Asian Games on
in counter terrorism operations in urban scenario in a August 27. He also became the 2nd Indian after Milkha
multinational and joint environment. Singh to win a Commonwealth and Asian Games gold in
139. The book “No Spin” is the autobiography of renowned the event in the same year.
Australian bowler Shane Warne, which will release on 148. The Personal Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2018 eliminates
October 30. It is the true story behind the headlines, in leprosy as a ground for dissolution of marriage or
Warne’s own voice, and challenges some of the enduring divorce. It is an attempt to end the discrimination against
myths and untruths that surround him. The memoir is leprosy persons in various central laws: The Divorce Act,
written with cricketer and TV presenter Mark Nicholas. 1869; the Dissolution of Muslim Marriages Act, 1939; the
Warne is widely regarded as one of the finest bowlers in Special Marriage Act, 1954; the Hindu Marriage Act,
the history of the game. He played his first Test match in 1955; and the Hindu Adoptions and Maintenance Act of
1992, and took over 1,000 international wickets. 1956.
140. The World Mosquito Day (WMD) is observed every year 149. The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has lifted
on August 20 to raise awareness regarding what all ban on retail sale of life saving drug ‘Oxytocin’ with
causes malaria and ways to prevent it. The day also effect from 1st September 2018, which was restricted to
observed to mark British doctor Sir Ronald Ross’ 1897 retail sale from July 2018. Though, the Centre has
imposed strict regulations on its sales and retained the
monopoly of Karnataka Antibiotics & Pharmaceuticals due to groundwater depletion. The study, published
Ltd (KAPL) for manufacturing oxytocin. recently in Scientific Reports magazine by Nature
150. The Union Ministry of Human Resource and Publishing Group, used a combination of satellite images
Development (HRD) has proposed to set up a 5-member of groundwater levels of Ganga, numerical simulations
committee to suggest changes to the JEE (Advanced) and chemical analyses to draw the conclusion. The study
examination in the wake of an inadequate number of asserted that the decline of groundwater inflow (base
candidates qualifying the entrance test this year. The aim flow) is also impacting the health of the river.
of the committee, which will be headed by IIT-Madras 159. The 3rd edition of Indian Ocean Conference (IOC) 2018
director “Bhaskar Ramamurthy”, is to develop a robust has started in Hanoi, Vietnam on August 27 with theme
and scientifically designed entrance exam system to test ‘Building Regional Architectures’. The 2-day conference
the potential of the candidates as well as to reduce their was inaugurated by External Affairs Minister Sushma
dependence on coaching institutes. Swaraj along with her Vietnamese counterpart, Pham
151. Budget passenger carrier SpiceJet has successfully Binh Minh.
conducted India’s first-ever test flight powered by biojet 160. The Amnesty International India (AII) has launched a
fuel between Dehradun and Delhi on August 27, 2018. new campaign “Our Safety, Our Rights” to create
The 43-minute flight was operated by the airline’s awareness among children to help them understand and
Bombardier Q-400 aircraft with total 25 on onboard, identify sexual abuse. The campaign seeks to empower
including crew. The flight was powered with a blend of children to speak up and report sexual abuse without
75% Air Turbine Fuel (ATF) and 25% biojet fuel. fear. The AII has collaborated with Bharat Gyan Vigyan
152. Gopal Bose (71), the former Bengal cricket captain, has Samiti (BGVS), People’s Action for Rural Awakening
passed away in Birmingham, England on August 26, (PARA), Institute of Social Education (ISE) to engage
2018. He was the first cricketer from Bengal to play an with children in 400 schools, across four Indian states –
ODI against England in 1974, which was incidentally Madhya Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu and
only the 2nd ODI that India played. He had scored 3,757 Karnataka.
runs in 78 first-class games with 8 hundreds and 17 161. The National Sports Day (NSD) is celebrated every year
fifties. in India on August 29 to mark the birth anniversary of
153. The Odisha government has launched a programme legendary hockey player Major Dhyan Chand, who was
“Mu Hero, Mu Odisha” (I am Hero-I am Odisha)” to known as ‘The Wizard’ or ‘The Magician’ of hockey for
identify and to give recognition to the young achievers of his superb ball control. He won gold medals in Olympics
the state. The initiative is to be conducted by the Biju for India in the years 1928, 1934 and 1936. He scored over
Yuva Vahini (BYV) members. 400 goals in his career, from 1926 to 1948. His
154. Japan Women’s National Team has won the 9th edition autobiography “Goal!” was published by Sport &
of 2018 FIFA U-20 Women’s World Cup tournament by Pastime, Madras in 1952.
beating the Spanish team 3-1 at the final in France. In 162. Ruchi Ghanashyam, the 1982 batch IFS officer, has been
Japanese football history, it’s their first-ever FIFA U-20 appointed India’s new High Commissioner to United
Women’s World Cup title. The FIFA Fair Play Award Kingdom (UK). She succeeded Y K Sinha. Prior to this
was goes to Japanese team. It must be noted that France post, she was the Secretary (West) in the Ministry of
will also host the 2019 FIFA Women’s World Cup, which External Affairs (MEA). Ghanashyam was the first
is schedule to take place between June-July. Indian woman diplomat to be posted in Islamabad when
155. India’s only aircraft carrier INS Vikramaditya will be the harassment of Indian diplomats was routine.
fitted with marine hydraulic systems “GS-1MF and GS- 163. Indian sprinter Jinson Johnson from Kerala clinched
3” to boost the air operations of the ship. The systems gold with a timing of 3 minutes 44.72 seconds in men’s
would be fitted by Russia’s Rostec State Corporation 1500m race at the 2018 Jakarta Asian Games on August
through its subsidiary “Technodinamika” by 2019. The 30. He also holds the credit of winning silver in the 800m
upgradation and sea trials will be done in India only. track event at the ongoing event, finishing behind
156. The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) has compatriot Manjit Singh, who won the Gold.
decided to launch `Gaganyaan — India’s first human 164. The Ministry of Human Resource Development (HRD)
spaceflight programme’ by 2022. The mission will aim to has announced new ranking system – named Atal
send a 3-member crew to space for a period of 5 to 7 days. Ranking of Institutions on Innovation Achievements
The spacecraft will be placed in a low earth orbit of 300- (ARIIA) – for higher educational institutions to promote
400km and the total programme cost is expected to be culture of innovation and research in higher education at
less than Rs. 10,000 crores. AICTE in New Delhi. The new ranking system will be
157. At the 4th edition of Google for India event, Google has formally launched on October 15, the birth anniversary
launched Project Navlekha to help Indian vernacular of former President APJ Abdul Kalam.
news publishers to take their content online. It does not 165. The 14th edition of multilateral regional maritime
require any technical know-how of web publishing and engagement exercise “KAKADU 2018” has started in
can be used by anyone. Currently, the project has Darwin, Australia from August 29 and will continue till
publishers from Delhi and its reach would soon be September 15. It is hosted by the Royal Australian Navy
expanded across India. (RAN) and supported by the Royal Australian Air Force
158. IIT-Kharagpur has recently conducted study on River (RAAF). Indian Naval Ship ‘INS Sahyadri’, commanded
Ganga that indicates that river is drying up in summers
by Captain Shantanu Jha, is participating in this edition (Amendment) Bill, 2018 for the creation of three new
of exercise. districts. With addition of these three new districts, state
166. The Krishna Kutir is a special home for 1000 widows set will have total 25 districts from earlier 22 districts.
up by the Ministry of Women & Child Development 175. The International Army Games 2018 are being held at 24
(MoWCD) under the Swadhar Greh scheme. It is said to training grounds in seven countries namely Azerbaijan,
be the largest-ever facility of its kind created by a Armenia, Belarus, Iran, Kazakhstan, China and Russia
government organization, which will be inaugurated by from July 28 to August 11. It is for the first time that
Maneka Sanjay Gandhi and UP CM Yogi Adityanath at Armenia and Iran are co-hosting events of the Army
Vrindavan in Mathura, Uttar Pradesh on 31st August Games. Indian teams are taking part in two major
2018. competitions– Tank Biathlon event at Alabino ranges,
167. The World Bank (WB) will provide a $250 million loan Moscow region and Elbrus Ring competition in Caucasus
facility to Rajasthan for improving the performance of its mountains.
electricity distribution sector under the 24×7 Power for 176. The European Space Agency (ESA) has launched a
All program. For this, an agreement was signed among wind- sensing satellite “Aeolus” into orbit from French
the Government of India, the Government of Rajasthan Guyana to track global winds. The satellite will be placed
and the World Bank. at an altitude of 320 Km above the Earth. The launch is
168. In Argentina, the G20 Digital Economy Ministerial part of the Copernicus project, a joint effort by the
Meeting 2018 was held in Salta with theme ‘Building European Union and the European Space Agency (ESA)
consensus for fair and sustainable development’ on to track environmental damage and assist disaster relief
August 23-24. It took place as part of Sherpa Track for operations.
2018 G20 Leaders’ Summit, which is to be hosted by 177. On August 28, the Government of India (GoI) has signed
Argentina by end of 2018. India was represented by a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Chief
Union Minister for Electronics and IT & Law and Justice, Ministers of 6 Upper Yamuna basin states for the
Ravi Shankar Prasad. construction of Lakhwar multi-purpose project in
169. The Government of India (GoI) has constituted a 21- Uttarakhand. The states are Uttarakhand, Himachal
member committee to advise Prime Minister Narendra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana and Delhi
Modi on policy matters related to science, technology 178. In New Delhi, Indian Railways has recently signed a
and innovation. The committee, dubbed as Prime Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with GAIL India
Minister’s Science Technology and Innovation Council Ltd for use of environment-friendly fuel ‘Natural Gas’ in
(PM-STIAC), will be headed by K Vijay Raghavan, the Railway workshops and production units. The purpose
principal scientific adviser to the GoI. of the pact is to replace Industrial gases like Dissolved
170. The World Photography Day (WPD) is observed every Acetylene, LPG, Bharat Metal Cutting Gas (BMCG) and
year on August 19 to encourage photographers across the Furnace Oil / High Speed Diesel (HSD) oil with Natural
planet to share a single photo with the world with an aim Gas.
– to share their world with the world. The idea behind 179. Pranab Bardhan (60) and Shibnath Sarkar (56) have
the day is inspiring positive change in the world, by created history by clinching India’s first-ever gold in
sharing the stories of the photographers from all around bridge at the Asian Games. They finished at the top after
the world through their photographs scoring 384 points in the final of the men’s bridge pair
171. Indian development economist and environment expert event at the 2018 Jakarta Asian Games. The card game
Satya S. Tripathi was appointed as has been appointed has been featured as a sport at the Asian Games for the
assistant secretary general of United Nation and will first time, in the 2018 edition.
head New York office of UN Environment Programme 180. Bharat Vatwani and Sonam Wangchuk received the
(UNEP). He was appointed by UN Secretary-General prestigious Ramon Magsaysay Award for 2018. The
Antonio Guterres. award, which is regarded as the Asian version of the
172. India has opened Zokhawthar land immigration check- Nobel Prize, was established in 1957. The Ramon
post in Mizoram along border with Myanmar. It has been Magsaysay Award Foundation, in its citation, stated that
designated as authorised immigration centre for entry Wangchuk was recognised for his uniquely systematic,
into and exit from India with valid travel documents for collaborative and community-driven reform of learning
all passengers to or from Myanmar. Zokhawthar will be systems in remote northern India, thus improving the life
second immigration check-post in Mizoram along opportunities of Ladakhi youth.
Myanmar border after Zorinpui check-post in Lawngtlai 181. Justice Manjula Chellur has been appointed the new
district which was opened in September 2017. chairperson of Appellate Tribunal for Electricity (ATE),
173. The Act gives special powers to army and state and which is under the jurisdiction of Ministry of Power. Prior to
this, she was Chief Justice of Bombay High Court. The
central police forces to shoot to kill, search houses and
tribunal has been established by Central Government for
destroy any property used by insurgents in disturbed
those who are not satisfied with the Central Electricity
areas. At present, the AFSA has been enforced in 6 states
viz. Assam, Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh (districts Regulatory Commission (CERC) order or with a state.
182. The Wipro Consumer Care & Lighting will offer 3-year
bordering Assam), Manipur, Meghalaya (districts
bordering Assam) and Jammu and Kashmir. Santoor women’s scholarship for higher education to
girls from economically weaker families in the three
174. Arunachal Pradesh Legislative assembly has passed
southern states of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and
Arunachal Pradesh Re-Organisation of Districts
Telangana. Approx 900 girls from the 3 states will be given for six more months with immediate effect. For this, it used
Santoor scholarship, with Rs 24,000 for each of them per powers conferred under Section 3 of the Armed Forces
annum to do under-graduation. (Special Powers) Act, 1958 declaring entire state as
183. The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) ‘Disturbed Area’ for up to 6 months. This decision was taken
launched an initiative “RUCO (Repurpose Used Cooking as precautionary measure to maintain law and order during
Oil)” that will enable collection and conversion of used ongoing National Register of Citizens (NRC) update process
cooking oil to biodiesel. Under this initiative, 64 companies which is due by the end of 2018.
at 101 locations have been identified to enable collection of 192. According to recent study conducted by IIT-Kharagpur,
used cooking oil. According to FSSAI regulations, the River Ganga has witnessed unprecedented low levels of
maximum permissible limits for Total Polar Compounds water in several lower reaches in last few years. The study
(TPC) have been set at 25%, beyond which the cooking oil is was carried out under IIT-KGP Science and Heritage
unsafe for consumption. Initiative (SANDHI) Initiative, which focuses on river
184. UNESCO has included the Khangchendzonga Biosphere systems and its relationship with settlement systems.
Reserve (KBR) in the list of World Network of Biosphere 193. According to study published in journal Environmental
Reserve (WNBR) at the 30th Session of the Man and Pollution, exposure to air pollution can have damaging
Biosphere International Coordinating Council (ICC) in effects on children’s cognitive development and reduce their
Palembang, Indonesia. With this, KBR has now become the working memory. Maharashtra does not rank poorly in
India’s 11th internationally designated WNBR and joined higher education, but the recent level of pollution will have
the list of other biospheres such as Nandadevi, Simlipal, a direct effect on the children in its domicile.
Sunderbans, Nokrek, Pachmarhi and Nilgiri. 194. According to Brand Finance’s recently released Nation
185. The two week-long joint military exercise “Maitree 2018′ has Brands 2018 report, India was ranked 8th out of 100 countries
started between Indian Army and Royal Thai Army in on a list of most valuable nation. It slipped one place from
Thailand on August 6 with a focus on enhancing anti-terror the 7th position it achieved in last years’ ranking. Valuable
cooperation between the two sides. The exercise will Nation Brand List is world’s most valuable nation list
emphasize to hone the tactical and technical skills in joint released as part Nation Brands report by Brand Finance
counter insurgency and counter terrorist operations in rural measures strength and value of nation brands of 100 leading
and urban scenario under UN mandate. companies.
186. The Telangana government has signed pact with Tech 195. According to the data released by the Commerce and
Mahindra to establish the Blockchain district in Hyderabad, Industry Ministry, the eight core sectors expanded at fastest
a first-of-its-kind Centre of Excellence for Blockchain. The pace in more than year at 6.8% in June. Apart from the
MoU was signed during the 3-day International congress at statement of reason being factually wrong, FMCG does not
HICC in Hyderabad. Initially it would be a virtual cluster, fall within the 8 industries that comprise the Core Sector. The
connecting with the stakeholders working in the emerging 8 industries are coal, crude oil, natural gas, refinery
technology. It would have a physical building at a later products, fertilisers, steel, cement and electricity and had
phase. witnessed a growth of 3.2 per cent.
187. The NITI Aayog will host an Investors’ Conference for the 196. The Parliamentary Standing Committee has recommended
Holistic Development of Islands at Pravasi Bharatiya Kendra that no genetically modified (GM) crop should be
and will be inaugurated by Amitabh Kant (CEO of NITI introduced unless the biosafety and socio-economic
Aayog). The purpose of the conference is to attract desirability is evaluated in a transparent process. It also
investments for the sustainable development of eco-tourism called for placing an accountable regime in this regard.
projects on a Public Private Partnership (PPP) basis in the 197. A study conducted by the University of Hyderabad and the
Andaman & Nicobar and Lakshadweep Islands. Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay has found out that
188. Bhishma Narain Singh (85), the former Union Minister and the extreme El Nino conditions and unprecedented heavy
Congress leader, has passed away in Noida on August 1, rainfall in Kerala in 2018 lead to the floods. The happening
2018. Dr Singh held various portfolios during the Congress of floods in Kerala in 2015 has no relation to the floods in
rule led by former Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. He was 2018.
also the Governor of Assam and Tamil Nadu. 198. The Union Cabinet has approved number of amendments to
189. Narendra Modi and KP Sharma Oli jointly inaugurated Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Policy. The purpose of
Nepal-Bharat Maitri Pashupati Dharamshala in Kathmandu, amendments is to simplify and liberalise FDI policy in India
Nepal. It is a rest house for pilgrims, which is located on the to provide ease of doing business in country. The liberalized
banks of the Bagmati River. The Dharmashala is built with policy will lead to larger FDI inflows contributing to growth
the Indian assistance and has provision for family rooms, of investment, employment and income.
kitchen, dining hall, library and some multipurpose halls to 199. Indian Naval Ship Sahyadri has reached Port of Darwin,
meet the requirements of the travellers and families on Australia to participate in multilateral regional maritime
pilgrimage to Pashupatinath Temple. exercise KAKADU 2018 conducted by Australia. KAKADU
190. Pranab Bardhan (60) and Shibnath Sarkar (56) have created 2018 is fourteenth edition of exercise scheduled to be held
history by clinching India’s first-ever gold in bridge at the between August 29 and September 18, 2018. It is held
Asian Games. They finished at the top after scoring 384 biennially in Australia.
points in the final of the men’s bridge pair event at the 2018 200. India has opened Zokhawthar land immigration check-post
Jakarta Asian Games. The card game has been featured as a in Mizoram along border with Myanmar. It has been
sport at the Asian Games for the first time, in the 2018 designated as authorised immigration centre for entry into
edition. and exit from India with valid travel documents for all
191. Governor of Assam has extended application of Armed passengers to or from Myanmar.
Forces (Special Powers) Act, 1958 (AFSPA) in the entire state

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Harsh Gagrani Karan Mehta

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Our message - Hang on!

Don't underestimate yourself

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“Stay Motivated to Succeed”: Aditya Krishna

2. What was your revision strategy while preparing for CLAT?

5. How instrumental has LegalEdge been to your preparation for CLAT?

6. What is your message for future CLAT aspirants?

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NATIONAL NEWS on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) is a non-

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World Biofuel day observed on August 10

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PRE-INDEPENDENCE POSITION THE CURRENT DEBATE

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Maxims and Foreign Phrases

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KEY DIFFERENCES BETWEEN IMPORTANT CONCEPTS

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Importance of all five subjects –

Simple things do not decide your competition.

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1. “Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone by J.K. Rowling

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2. The usual term of office of an elected mayor is:

7. The Government establishes Gram Nyayalaya for every:

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(a) B is liable towards A on grounds of breach of trust.

(a) Ramakant will be liable as he hunting is an illegal act.

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Principle: Law does not take notice of trifles.

(a) No, because this is an unreasonable restriction.

Solve Questions 43-44 on the basis of principle provided below-

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(a) Ram Singh is liable for intentionally killing a person.

(a) G is protected by the defence of intoxication.

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(a) Anthony is liable for causing injury to the child.

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18. If 𝑥 𝑎 . 𝑥 𝑏 . 𝑥 𝑐 = 1 then the value of (𝑎3 + 𝑏 3 + 𝑐 3 ) is –

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