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I. BREAST CANCER
Risk factors
o Being a woman (100x more likely than in men)
o Age > 50
o Personal and/or family history of breast cancer
o BRCA 1 and 2 genetic mutations
o Hormonal Replacement Therapy use for more than 5 years
1. MAMMOGRAM
The American Cancer Society and the American Medical Association
recommends annual mammography beginning 40 years old
Detects unexpected breast cancer in asymptomatic women.
Supplements history taking and physical examination
Two views are obtained: Craniocaudal (CC) and mediolateral oblique
(MLO)
o MLO view shows the greatest volume of breast tissue
Most important indicators of breast cancer: Masses and
microcalcifications
**for more details, please read Bates’ guide to physical examination and
history taking
3. SELF-BREAST EXAM
Should be done monthly by the patient 6-7 days after the end of the
menstrual period
Steps
o Visual
o Standing/sitting upright
o Lying down
BREAST BIOPSY
1. Fine needle aspiration biopsy
2. Core needle aspiration biopsy
3. Open biopsy
4. Frozen section