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220 4.00
20 mm f 300 mm c/c mm
20 mm f 20 mm f
A 20 mm f 150 mm c/c 300 mmc/c 10 mm f 300 mmc/c
20 mm f 300 mm c/c 230 mmc/c
20 mm f 300 mm c/c (d)
10 mm f 230 mm c/c both side 10 mm f 20 mm f 10 mm f
20 mm f 150 mm c/c(d+e) 150 mmc/c 300 mmc/c 150 mmc/c
B
Bars(c) 20 mm f ### mmc/c
300
300
Bar F Bar(e) 10 mm f 230 mm c/c
Section on AB
pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in
DESIGN OF REACTANGULAR OVER HEAD WATER TANK
Name of work:- pkn
1 Tank size 6.00 x 4.00 x 3.00 m 72.00 cum 72000 Ltr
2 Height of tower from G.L. 6.00 m Foundation from G.L. 1.00 m
3 Satureted soil unit wt. 17.00 kN/m3 17000 N/m3
4 Wind pressure 1.00 Noumber of columns = 4.00
5 Size of columns 0.30 x 0.30 height of braces = 3.00 m
6 Permissible stress:-
Concrete M 20 Unit wt of cocnrete= 24000 N/m3
scc 5 m = 13.33
scbc 7 N/mm2
Q= 0.669
Steel (HYSD) fy 415 N/mm2
J= 0.903
ssc 190 N/mm2 (Columns) ssc = 150 N/mm2 (For Tank)
9 Nominal cover 30 mm unit wt. of water = 9.80 N/mm 3
9800 N/m3
=
1 Design Constants:- For HYSD Bars Cocrete M = 20 wt. of concrete = 24000 N/mm2
scbc = 7 N/mm2 m = 13.3
sst = 150 N/mm2 sst = 190 N/mm2 sst = 230 N/mm2
k = 0.384 k= 0.329 k= 0.289
=j 0.872 j= 0.890 j = 0.904
R = 1.171 R= 1.026 R = 0.913
42467 x 1000
Required depth = = 190 mm
1.171 x 1000
Provide total depth T= 190 + 30 = 220 mm so that available d = 190 mm
(D) Cantilever Moment :- Cantilever moment atb the base, per unit length .
h2 9800 x 4.00 x 1.00 2
= wH x = 6533 N-m
6 6
This will cause tension at water face.
(E) Reinforcement at corners of long walls.:- The upper portion of long walls is subjected to both bending in
horizontal direction as well as pull. The reinforcement for both will be in horizontal direction. Hence
reinforcement has to be provided for a net moment (MF - Px ), where Mf is the moment at ends (causing
tension on water face). Similarly vertical section of unit height ( 1 m) of long wall, at its end, at the level of
1.00 m above the base , where reinforcement is provided at the water face.
T 220
x= d- = 190 - = 80 mm
2 2
Mf - Pl x 45733 x 1000 ) - 39200 x 80
Ast for B.M. = = = 1714 mm2
sst.j.d 150 x 0.872 x 190
PL 39200
Ast for pull = = = 261 mm2
ss 150
Total Ast = 1714 + 261 = 1975 mm2 per meter height.
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 20 x 20
using 20 mm bars A = = = 314 mm2
4 x100 4 x 100
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 314 / 1975 = 159 say = 150 mm
Hence Provided 20 mm F bar, @ 150 mm c/c. The above reinforcement is to be provided at
inner face, near the corners, and at a height 1.00 m above the base. For other height the above spacing
may be varied, since bending moment will reduce.
(B) Design of section taking 1.0 m width for calculation purpose.an B.M. = 63521 N-mm
for short span :- Assuming bearing = 300 mm
BM 63521000
Effective depth required = = = 270 mm
Rxb 0.913 x 1000
From point of stiffness (deflection)point of veiw, span / effective depth Ratio = 20
For a balanced design, k. scbc 0.289 x 7
= x 100 = x 100 = 0.44 %
percentage reinforcement 2sst 2 x 230
However using under reinforcement section, and taking p = 0.4 %
We have from modification factore = 1.4 for HYSD bars
span span 4300
= 20 x 1.4 hence, d = = 154 mm
depth 28 = 28
Hence provided total thickness = 300 mm using 8 mm F bars and a nomonal cover 30 mm
Available depth for short span = 300 - 30 - 4 = 266 mm
for long span = 266 - 8 = 258 mm
for short sapn, width of middle strip = 3/4 ly = 3 / 4 x 6.30 = 4.73 m
width of edge strip = 0.500 x( 6.30 - 4.73 ) = 0.79 or 787.5 mm
BM 63521000
(Ast)x = = = 1149 mm2
sst x j x D 230 x 0.90 x 266
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 16 x 16
using 16 mm bars A = = = 201 mm2
4 x100 4 x 100
Pitch s = = 1000 x As / A = 1000 x 201 / 1149 = 174.9 say = 175 mm
Hence Provided 16 mm F bar, 170 mm c/c for middile strips of width 4.73 m
bent half bars at distance = 0.15 l = 0.15 x 4.30 = 0.645 or 640 mm
from the center of support, or at a distance of 640 + 150 = 790 mm from the edge of the slab
Available length of bars at the top 640 - 150 - 30 = 460 mm from the center of support,
assumming bending of the bars at 45 dgree the length is > than 0.1xlx = 0.1 x 4300 = 430 mm
Hence length of top bars from edge of slab 460 + 150 = 610 mm edge strip length 788 mm
The reinforcement of edge strip is given Ast @.12% = 0.12 / 100 x 1000 x 300 = 360 mm2
3.14xdia 2
3.14 x 8 x 8
using 8 mm bars A = = = 50 mm2
4 x100 4 x 100
Pitch s = = 1000 x As / A = 1000 x 50 / 360 = 139.6 say = 130 mm
Hence Provided 8 mm F bar, 130 mm c/c
m (d - nc)
\ Asc = Ast2 where nc = 0.289 x 550 = 159
(mc-1)(nc-dc)
pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in
(F) Curtailement of reinforcement
The bending at any point distance x meters from the center of the span is given by
wL2 wx2 wx2 where the moment M1
M1 = x1000 = M1 - x 1000
8 2 2 and M are in N-mm unit
At the point where compressive reinfrocement is not required, the bending moment should be equal to M 1
wx2
\ M1 = M - x 1000
2
2(M1 -M) 2M2 2 x 130149580
\ x = = = = 2.50 m
1000w 1000w 1000 x 42920
Hence at x = 2.50 m from the center, copmressive reinforcement is no longer required and
it may, there fore , curtailed. However, curtail only 5 bars and continue 5 bars upto supports
At this section bending moment M1 on;y. Hence tensile reinforcement required =A st1 = 725 mm2
which will need only 7 bars . Hence curtailed 3 bars of 2nd tier at this point and continue rest of the
bars at supports.
ls 270
we have, L0 =( - x' ) =( - 30 ) = 105 mm
2 2
m (d - nc)
\ Ast = Ast2 where nc = 0.289 x 550 = 159
(mc-1)(nc-dc)
13.3 x( 550 - 159 )
= x 142 = 369 mm2
1.5 x( 13.33 - 1 x( 159 - 50
Ast =
369 mm2
using 20 mm bars = 3.14xdia2 3.14 x 20 x 20
A = = 314 mm2
4 x100 4 x 100
Nomber of Bars = Ast/A = 369 / 314 = 1.18 say = 2 No.
Hence Provided 2 bars of 20 mm F bar, at top , in one tier, keep a nominal cover , 30 mm
3 Design of tower:-
(A) Loading and moments:- Refer to fig.1
Wind load on tank 6.00 x 3.00 x 1.00 = 18.00 kN
4 shown in drawing.
VALUES OF DESIGN CONSTANTS
Grade of concrete M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40 Grade of concrete
Modular Ratio 18.67 13.33 10.98 9.33 8.11 7.18 tbd (N / mm2)
scbc N/mm2 5 7 8.5 10 11.5 13
m scbc 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33
kc 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
(a) sst = Dev
jc 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867
140
N/mm2 Rc 0.867 1.214 1.474 1.734 1.994 2.254 Grade of
(Fe 250) Pc (%) concrete
0.714 1 1.214 1.429 1.643 1.857
kc 0.329 0.329 0.329 0.329 0.329 0.329 M 15
(b) sst = jc 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 M 20
0.89
190 Rc 0.732 1.025 1.244 1.464 1.684 1.903 M 25
N/mm2
Pc (%) 0.433 0.606 0.736 0.866 0.997 1.127 M 30
kc 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.289 M 35
(c ) sst =
jc 0.904 0.904 0.904 0.904 0.904 0.904 M 40
230
N/mm2 Rc 0.653 0.914 1.11 1.306 1.502 1.698 M 45
(Fe 415) Pc (%) 0.314 0.44 0.534 0.628 0.722 0.816 M 50
kc 0.253 0.253 0.253 0.253 0.253 0.253
(d) sst =
jc 0.916 0.916 0.916 0.914 0.916 0.916
275
N/mm2 Rc 0.579 0.811 0.985 1.159 1.332 1.506
(Fe 500) Pc (%) 0.23 0.322 0.391 0.46 0.53 0.599
s supportedon four side with provision for torsion at corners (IS456 - 2000)
short span cofficient axfor value of Ly/Lx
Long span
cofficiet ay
1.3 1.4 1.5 1.75 2 for all value
of ly/lx
- - - - - 0.045
0.057 0.063 0.068 0.08 0.088 0.035
- - - - - 0.057
0.065 0.071 0.076 0.087 0.096 0.043
0.079 0.085 0.089 0.1 0.107 0.056
Modification factore
Fy=415
fe= 240
-
2
1.9
1.8
1.7
1.6
1.5
1.4
1.35
1.3
1.25
1.2
1.15
1.12
1.1
1
0.95
0.93
0.91
0.9
0.9
0.89
0.89
0.88
0.88
0.86
0.86
0.85
0.85
0.84
0.84
0.83
0.83
0.82
0.82
0.81