Quiz 1

Question 1
When we are choosing a random sample and we do not place chosen units back into the
population, we are
Select one:
a. using a voluntary sample.
b. sampling with replacement.
c. sampling without replacement.
d. using a systematic sample.
The correct answer is: sampling without replacement.

Question 2
Your rating of the food served at a local restaurant using a 3-point scale of 0 = gross, 1 =
decent, 2 = yummy is ___________ data.
Select one:
a. ratio
b. interval
c. nominal
d. ordinal
The correct answer is: ordinal

Question 3
An accounting professor wishing to know how many MBA students would take a summer
elective in international accounting did a survey of the class she was teaching. Which kind
of sample is this?
Select one:
a. Convenience sample.
b. Simple random sample.
c. Systematic sample.
d. Cluster sample.
The correct answer is: Convenience sample.

Question 4
Which of the following is numerical data?
Select one:
a. Your gender.
b.The fuel economy (MPG) of your car.
c. Whether you have an American Express card.
d. The brand of cell phone you own.
The correct answer is: The fuel economy (MPG) of your car.

Question 5
An observation in a data set would refer to
Select one:
a. a single row that contains one or more observed variables.
b. only a variable whose value is recorded by visual inspection.
c. a data item whose value is numerical (as opposed to categorical).
d. the values of all the variables in the entire data set.
The correct answer is: a single row that contains one or more observed variables.

Question 6
Which should not be regarded as a continuous random variable?
Select one:
a. Length of time to play a Wimbledon tennis match.
b. Wind velocity at 7 o'clock this morning.
c. Tonnage carried by a randomly-chosen oil tanker at sea.
d. Number of personal fouls by the Miami Heat in a game.
The correct answer is: Number of personal fouls by the Miami Heat in a game.

Question 7
An advantage of convenience samples is that
Select one:
a. computation of statistics is easier.
b. they are often quicker and cheaper.
c. the required sample size is easier to calculate.
d. sampling error can be reduced.
The correct answer is: they are often quicker and cheaper.

Question 8
A manager chose two people from his team of eight to give an oral presentation because
she felt they were representative of the whole team's views. What sampling technique did
she use in choosing these two people?
Select one:
a. Simple random.
b. Cluster.
c. Judgment.
d. Convenience.
The correct answer is: Judgment.

Question 9
Automobile exhaust emission of CO2 (milligrams per mile) is ____________ data.
Select one:
a. ratio
b. ordinal
c. interval
d. nominal
The correct answer is: ratio

Question 10
 Which of the following is false?
Select one:
a. Sampling error is the difference between the true parameter and a random number in
Excel.
b. A sampling frame is used to help identify the target population in a statistical study.
c. Sampling error is a result of unavoidable random variation in a sample.
d. The target population must first be defined by a full list or data file of individuals.
The correct answer is: The target population must first be defined by a full list or data file
of individuals.

Question 11
Which statement is not true concerning Sturges' Rule?
Select one:
a. If you double the sample size, you should add one class.
b. It is only a guideline and may be overruled by other considerations.
c. Its purpose is to tell how many classes (bins) to use in a frequency distribution.
d. It proposes adding one class (bin) to the histogram for each extra observation.
The correct answer is: It proposes adding one class (bin) to the histogram for each extra
observation.

Question 12
If you have 256 data points, how many classes (bins) would Sturges' Rule suggest?
Select one:
a. 6
b. 9
c. 8
d. 7
The correct answer is: 9

Question 13
Effective summary tables generally
Select one:
a. round their data to 3 or 4 significant digits.
b. have the raw data listed in a footnote for clarity.
c. have very detailed column headings and footnotes.
d. use plenty of heavy vertical lines to separate the columns.
The correct answer is: round their data to 3 or 4 significant digits.

Question 14
If you have 32 data points, how many classes (bins) would Sturges' Rule suggest?
Select one:
a. 8
b. 5
c. 6
d. 7
The correct answer is: 6

Question 15
Open-ended intervals are sometimes used in a frequency distribution because
Select one:
a. the individual numerical values are retained within each interval.
b. they permit the inclusion of extreme values in the table.
c. some missing data values can be placed in the end categories.
d. they simplify calculations and yield a better histogram.
The correct answer is: they permit the inclusion of extreme values in the table.

Question 16
Which is not a tip for effective line charts?
Select one:
a. Thick lines make it harder to see exact data values.
b. Line charts are better than bar charts to display cross-sectional data.
c. Numerical labels are omitted on a line chart if there are many data values.
d. Omit data markers (e.g., squares, triangles) when there are many data values.
The correct answer is: Line charts are better than bar charts to display cross-sectional
data.

Question 17
Which of the following is true?
Select one:
a. Pie charts can generally be used instead of bar charts.
b. Line charts are useful for visualizing categorical data.
c. Pyramid charts are generally preferred to bar charts.
d. Line charts are not used for cross sectional data.
The correct answer is: Line charts are not used for cross sectional data.

Question 18
A line chart would not be suitable to display which data?
Select one:
a. Annual compensation of the top 50 CEOs.
b. Daily stock market closing prices of Microsoft for the past month.
c. U.S. oil imports from OPEC nations for the last 20 years.
d. Exxon-Mobil's quarterly sales data for the last 5 years.
The correct answer is: Annual compensation of the top 50 CEOs.

Question 19
Which is not a characteristic of an effective summary table?
Select one:
a. The main point should be clear within 10 seconds.
b. Data should be rounded to 3 or 4 significant digits.
c. Data to be compared should be displayed in rows, not columns.
d. Use space instead of lines to separate columns.
The correct answer is: Data to be compared should be displayed in rows, not columns.

Question 20
Which is not a tip for effective column charts?
Select one:
a. Bar height should be proportional to the quantity displayed.
b. Label data values at the top of each bar unless graphing lots of data.
c. The non-zero origin rule may be waived for financial reports.
d. Time usually goes on the horizontal axis.
The correct answer is: The non-zero origin rule may be waived for financial reports.

Question 21
Which variable is least likely to be regarded as ratio data?
Select one:
a. Student's evaluation of a professor's teaching (Likert scale).
b. Number of fatalities in a randomly-chosen traffic disaster (persons).
c. Weight of a randomly-chosen student (pounds).
d. Length of time required for a randomly-chosen vehicle to cross a toll bridge (minutes).
The correct answer is: Student's evaluation of a professor's teaching (Likert scale).

Question 22
Which of the following is false?
Select one:
a. Mail surveys are cheap but have low response rates.
b. Surveys posted on popular websites suffer from selection bias.
c. Coverage error is when respondents give untruthful answers.
d. Focus groups are non-random but can probe issues more deeply.
The correct answer is: Coverage error is when respondents give untruthful answers.

Question 23
When we are choosing a random sample and we do not place chosen units back into the
population, we are
Select one:
a. using a systematic sample.
b. sampling without replacement.
c. using a voluntary sample.
d. sampling with replacement.
The correct answer is: sampling without replacement.

Question 24
The Center for Disease Control (CDC) wants to estimate the average extra hospital stay that
occurs when heart surgery patients experience postoperative atrial fibrillation. They divide
the U.S. into 9 regions. In each region, hospitals are selected at random within each hospital
size group (small, medium, large). In each hospital, heart surgery patients are sampled
according to known percentages by age group (under 50, 50 to 64, 65 and over) and gender
(male, female). This procedure combines which sampling methods?
Select one:
a. Systematic, simple random, and convenience.
b. Cluster, stratified, and simple random.
c. Convenience, systematic, and judgment.
d. Judgment, systematic, and simple random.
The correct answer is: Cluster, stratified, and simple random.

Question 25
Measurements from a sample are called
Select one:
a. parameters.
b. inferences.
c. variables.
d. statistics.
The correct answer is: statistics.

Question 26
If we choose 500 random numbers using Excel's function = RANDBETWEEN (1, 99) we
would most likely find that
Select one:
a. numbers near 1 and 99 would tend to occur less frequently.
b. numbers near the mean (50) would tend to occur more frequently.
c. some numbers would occur more than once.
d. the numbers would have a clear pattern.
The correct answer is: some numbers would occur more than once.

Question 27
Which of the following is not a likely reason for sampling?
Select one:
a. Prohibitive cost of studying the entire population.
b. The expense of obtaining random numbers.
c. The physical impossibility of checking all the items in the population.
d. The destructive nature of certain tests.
The correct answer is: The expense of obtaining random numbers.

Question 28
Which of the following is not true?
Select one:
a. Numerical data can be either discrete or continuous.
b. The number of checks processed at a bank in a day is categorical data.
c. Categorical data have values that are described by words rather than numbers.
d. Categorical data are also referred to as nominal or qualitative data.
The correct answer is: The number of checks processed at a bank in a day is categorical
data.
Question 29
Automobile exhaust emission of CO2 (milligrams per mile) is ____________ data.
Select one:
a. ordinal
b. ratio
c. nominal
d. interval
The correct answer is: ratio

Question 30
Judgment sampling is sometimes preferred over random sampling, for example when
Select one:
a. the desired sample size is much larger than the population.
b. the population is readily accessible and sampling is non-destructive.
c. the sampling budget is large and population is conveniently located.
d. time is short and the sampling budget is limited.
The correct answer is: time is short and the sampling budget is limited.

Question 31
Which is not revealed on a scatter plot?
Select one:
a. Non-linear relationships between X and Y.
b. Pairs of observed (xi, yi) data values.
c. Missing data values due to non-responses.
d. Unusual data values (outliers).
The correct answer is: Missing data values due to non-responses.

Question 32
A histogram can be defined as
Select one:
a. a chart whose bar widths show the cumulative frequencies of data values.
b. a chart whose bar widths show class intervals and whose heights indicate frequencies.
c. a chart whose bar heights represent the value of each data point.
d. a chart whose bar widths indicate class intervals and whose areas indicate frequencies.
The correct answer is: a chart whose bar widths show class intervals and whose heights
indicate frequencies.

Question 33
Which is the most serious deceptive graphical technique?
Select one:
a. Non-zero origin.
b. Vague source.
c. Using bold colors.
d. Unlabeled data points.
The correct answer is: Non-zero origin.
Question 34
If you have 256 data points, how many classes (bins) would Sturges' Rule suggest?
Select one:
a. 6
b. 8
c. 9
d. 7
The correct answer is: 9

Question 35
Which is not considered a deceptive graphical technique?
a. Undefined units.
b. Distracting pictures.
c. 2D graphs.
d. Authority figures.
The correct answer is: 2D graphs.

Question 36The graph below

illustrates which deceptive
technique?

a. Dramatic title.
b. Area trick.
c. Poor Y axis scale.
d. Unclear grid lines.
The correct answer is: Area trick.

Question 37
Histograms generally do not reveal
the
a. exact data range.
b. relative frequencies.
c. degree of skewness.
d. modal classes (bins).
The correct answer is: exact data range.

Question 38
The distribution pictured below is
Select one:
a. bimodal and skewed left.
b. skewed right.
c. bimodal and skewed right.
d. skewed left.
The correct answer is: bimodal and skewed right.

Question 39

Below is a frequency distribution of earnings of 50 contractors in a country.

Regarding this distribution, which of the following is correct?
Select one:
a. Too few classes were chosen.
b. The frequency distribution contains too many class intervals.
c. The class interval limits are ambiguous.
d. The class intervals are too wide.
The correct answer is: The class interval limits are ambiguous.

Question 40
A population has 75 observations. One class interval has a frequency of 15 observations.
The relative frequency in this category is:
Select one:
a. 0.15
b. 0.10
c. 0.75
d. 0.20
The correct answer is: 0.20