VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BELAGAVI

A SEMINAR REPORT

ON

SELF INFLATING TYRE SYSTEM

Submitted by

Mr. RAGHAVENDRA V BHAT

USN: 1AY15ME081

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Acharya Institute of Technology,
Acharya Dr.Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan Road, Bangalore-560 107

2018-2019
 ACHARYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Acharya Dr.Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan Road, Bangalore-560107
Department of Mechanical Engineering

CERTIFICATE
Certified that the seminar report entitled “SELF INFLTING TYRE SYSTEM” carried out
by Mr, RAGHAVENDRA V BHAT, USN:1AY15ME081, a bonafide student of Acharya
Institute of Technology in partial fulfillment for the award of Bachelor of Engineering in
Mechanical Engineering of the Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi during the
year 2018-2019. It is certified that all corrections/suggestions indicated for Internal
Assessment have been incorporated in the Report deposited in the departmental library. The
seminar report has been approved as it satisfies the academic requirements in respect of
seminar report prescribed for the said Degree.

Name & Signature of the Coordinator Name &Signature of the HOD

Nagaraja K C / Manjunath C Dr. Prakash S Dabeeer

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am grateful to the sanctum of “Acharya Institute of Technology”, the temple of learning,

for providing an excellent platform to pursue our project work in good spirit. I would like to
sincerely thank our President Mr. B.M. Reddy for encouraging us.
I would like to express our gratitude to our honorable chairman Mr. B. Premnath Reddy,
Acharya Institutes for all his initiatives and for providing us a congenial atmosphere for study. I
would like to thank our beloved Principal Dr. Prakash M R, in particular for the excellent facilities
provided in the college.
My deep and profound gratitude to Dr. Prakash S Dabeer, our beloved Head, Department
of Mechanical Engineering. I am thankful to him for the constant moral support and encouragement
extended during the study of this seminar topic.
My heartfelt thanks to, Prof. Pranesh K G, Asst. Professor, Department of Mechanical
Engineering, for his invaluable guidance and inspirational encouragement and constructive
suggestions for the betterment of the work.
My sincere gratitude to Seminar Co coordinators Prof. Nagaraja K C and
Prof. Manjunath C, whose constant persistence and support helped me in the completion of the
seminar.
I thank all the teaching and non-teaching staff of our Department of Mechanical
Engineering for their constant support. I am thankful to my beloved parents who have motivated
and installed confidence in me.

Finally, I am thankful to all those that have helped me directly and indirectly during this work.

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 CONTENTS

Chapter No. Description Page

1 Acknowledgement i
2 Abstract iii
3 Declaration iv
4 Introduction 1
5 Literature Review 3
6 Working Principle 4
Components of the system 4
Working 7
Advantages 9
Future scope 10
7 Types of self-inflating tyre system 11
Reference 18
Bio Data 19

LIST OF FIGURES
Fig 1 Tyre pressure conditions 1
Fig 2 Peristaltic tube 5
Fig 3 Flow through tubes 7
Fig 4 Central Tire Inflation System 11
Fig 5 AIRGO system 14
Fig 6 Meritor Tire Inflation System 15
Fig 7 Peristaltic Self-inflating Tire System 16

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 ABSTRACT

The mode of transport is one of the most important criterions these days. The vehicles
safety is thus essential. Accidents are also increasing at a quick pace. There are several factors
which causes these accidents. The improper inflation of tyres is one among them. Tyres lose
air through normal driving and seasonal changes in the temperature. When the tyres are under
inflated, the threads wear more quickly. Under inflated tyres get damaged quickly due to
overheating as compared to properly inflated tyres. The under inflation also causes a small
depreciation in the mileage as well. Above all the vehicles running with under inflated tyres
can cause accidents. Thus, to rectify all these defects we are using self-inflating tyre system.
Self-Inflating Tire (SIT) System is the combination of Electronic Engineering & Mechanical
Engineering (Electronic control unit (ECU) & Pneumatic control unit (PCU)). SIT properly
maintains the optimum tire pressure; therefore, it’s improving the driver safety and also the
tire life. SIT is designed for the slow leakages and small puncture. Due to slow leakages and
small puncture reduced the air pressure in tire gradually. SIT is maintaining the tire pressure
at proper or required level. SIT does not need the time by driver for filling the air pressure in
tire. SIT is mostly useful in military vehicles & commercial application.

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 DECLARATION

I am the students of final semester Mechanical Engineering, Acharya Institute of

Technology, Soladevanahalli Bengaluru -560107 declare that seminar entitled Self inflating

tire system has been successfully completed under the guidance of Prof. Pranesh K G

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Acharya Institute of Technology, Bengaluru. This

dissertation work is submitted to Visvesvaraya technological University in partial fulfillment

of the requirements for the award of Degree of Bachelor of engineering in Mechanical

Engineering during the academic year 2018-2019. Further the matter embodied in the project

report has not been submitted previously by anybody for the award of any degree or diploma

to any university

Place: BENGALURU

Date: 10/04/2019

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Self-inflating tyre system

Chapter – 1

INTRODUCTION
Around 250 to 300 people die every day in road accident across India. A recent survey
conducted by Apollo Tyre begs the question: How many are because 75% of India rides on
incorrect tyre pressure? In this survey, Almost 44% of the car tyre were over inflated and 34%
were under inflated. Over-inflated tyre decrease the efficiency and are prone to burst at high
speed resulting in collision. Under-inflated or deflated tyre has vehicle handling, leading to
accident due to lack of control. The mode of transport is one of the best criterions in these days.
The vehicle safety is essential. Accident is also increasing at a quick pace. These are several
factors which cause the accident. The improper inflation of tyres is one of among them. Tyres
loss the air through normal driving (after heating pot holes or curbs), permeation & seasonal
change in temperature. When tyre is under-inflated the treads wear more quickly. Under-
inflated tyre gets damaged quickly due to overheating as compared to properly inflated tyres.
The under inflation also cause a small depreciation in the mileage as well. Above all the vehicle
running with under inflated tyre can cause accident. Different tyre pressure conditions are
shown in the figure 1.

Fig. 1: Tyre Pressure Conditions

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You can see that the under inflated/overloaded tyre is less round than the properly
inflated, properly loaded tyre. When the tyre is spinning, the contact patch must move around
the tyre to stay in contact with the road. At the spot where the tyre meets the road, the rubber
is bent out. It takes force to bend that tyre, and the more it has to bend, the more force it takes.
The tyre is not perfectly elastic, so when it returns to its original shape, it does not return all of
the force that it took to bend it. Some of that force is converted to heat in the tyre by the friction
and work of bending all of the rubber and steel in the tyre. Since an under inflated or overloaded
tyre needs to bend more, it takes more force to push it down the road, so it generates more heat.

Self-Inflation Tyre System is a device to inflate the tyres when the air pressure drops
below normal pressure level and to maintain it at required level. There is a continuous loss of
air pressure from tyre, Due to normal driving, Road barriers, small leakages and Environmental
condition in different season. So as to maintain required air pressure in the tyre, the system
which is used Self Inflating Tyre System. Tyre loss one or two psi (pound per square inch)
pressure each month in the winter and even more in the summer. It cannot be told the tyre are
properly inflated by looking them. Tyre pressure gauge is used for this.

The SIT system is based on highly reliable and proven peristaltic pump principles. It
uses the weight and motion of the vehicle to inflate the tyre as needed, sourcing air from the
outside atmosphere. The whole system consists of only two components – a tube chamber
functioning as a peristaltic pump for the tyre and a pressure management device to control the
inflation. The peristaltic tubing is located longitudinally between the rim and the tyre wall and
covers almost the whole perimeter of the rim. Normal tyre deformation caused by the weight
of the vehicle creates a closure of the tubing at its lowest point. As the tyre moves against the
road this closure pushes the air contained inside the tubing into the tyre and simultaneously it
pulls outside air back into the tubing. As a result, the tyre is inflated with the contents of the
tubing with each wheel revolution until it reaches its desired pressure. Tests conducted on a
regular passenger car wheel have proven that the forces between the deformed tyre wall and the
rim are sufficient to generate significantly higher pressure than what is needed for tyre inflation.

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Chapter – 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
Vishnuram K [1] has concluded that the SIT are designed to constantly maintain tyre
pressure at the proper level. SIT systems are designed more for the slow leaks and for
optimizing performance and safety than for keeping a vehicle moving on a tyre that will no
longer hold air. SIT allows a vehicle to adjust to the current terrain for ideal performance &
safety in that condition.

Inderjeet Singh [2] has concluded that the tyre implementation system is based on the
idea to maintain uniform tyre pressure of an automobile reduce tyre wear, increase fuel
efficiency & increase overall safety. So, this system maintains the proper air pressure in tyre.
Ashwadip Meshram [3] has concluded that the Filling air in automobile wheel’s tyre
is a primary need of vehicle operation & it is widely done by compressor. But sometimes
maintain pressure in both the wheel’s become very difficult due to puncture in tyre or reduction
of air pressure level. Puncture in tyre in that case, more chance to accident. Overcome this
problem, we works on project which is automatic air feeling in tyres. The name indicates that
all the system which will fill the air in all the wheels & also maintain the proper air pressure in
each tyre.
Harshal junankar [4] has concluded that Tyres are the second highest cost for the
trucking industry. The on board air inflation system is used to maintain the pressure of tyre in
running condition. The environmental condition varies according to region, season because of
this, it require maintaining the tyre pressure for better performance according to condition. At
some crucial times like war condition or any flood condition there is no time to filling the air
thus there arises a need for automatic tyre inflation system...
Point Taken Away:
Self-Inflating Tyre is a combinational system of Electronic (ECU) & Mechanical Engineering
(PCU). In SIT system proper surface contact between the tread of tyre & road surface.
Therefore, less wear of tyre due to contacting surfaces. But in Over-inflated & Under-inflated
tyre the large contacting area between tread of tyre & road surface. So, more wear of tyre
material. Due to this increase the life of tyre.

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Chapter – 3
WORKING PRINCIPLE
In SIT system works on the mechanically as well as electronically. The compressor is
used for the compressing the atmospheric air at the required pressure. The reciprocating
compressor is used; Because It is easy to obtain the required pressure level. This air sends to
the air tank, it stores the compressed air. Pressure gauge is used for the measure the pressure
of air tank. Compressors are works on the 12V battery. The Electronic sensor is used to detect
the tyre pressure. When the tyre pressure goes below the required tyre pressure, sensor sense
the tyre pressure level & send the signal to the ECU & ECU send the signal to PCU. Air tank
supplies the compressed air to tyre through ducting. Two pedestal bearings are used to support
the axle of the assembly. Bearings are fixed to the rigid support via nuts & bolts. The axle is
rotate on which wheel or rim is mounted on one end. One end of coupler is connected to axle
& other end is connected to rotary joint.

3.1 Components of the system

1. Compressor & PCU

The Reciprocating type compressor is used in this system. It takes an atmospheric air
& compresses it to at required pressure. The compressor is works on the 12V battery. The
compressed air is send to the air tank. PCU acts on the feedback coming by the ECU.

2. Air Tank
Air tank works as a reservoir in the system. Air tank is stored the compressed air & its
supply to the system when it is needed. Any type of air tank is used in the system according to
space availability. Pressure gauge is connected to the air tank & it’s only measure the how
much pressure in the tank.

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3. Ducting
Ducting is works as a veins in a human body means its only conduct the compressor
air. It is also called as peristaltic tubing as shown in figure 2.

4. Rotary Joint
Rotary joints are for the connection between wheel valve & ducting. It only helps for
this supply air to the wheel valve.

5. Sensors & ECU

Sensors are using for the senses the tyre pressure & when the tyre pressure goes below
the proper pressure level. Its sends the signals to the ECU. ECU also sends the signal to the
PCU.

Fig. 2: Peristaltic tube

The peristaltic tubing can be implemented into the tyre wall in the following way. As
there already exists room between a regular tyre and rim where the reinforced tyre wall is

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periodically pressed against the rim due to the weight of the vehicle, the tubing can be created
as a crevice in the tyre side wall. When tyre and rim are assembled together, the crevice is
sealed by the pressure between them (which is sometimes more than ten times higher than the
required tyre pressure) and therefore it becomes a sealed tubing inside the tyre wall. This could
be accomplished by a simple design change in the tyre side wall, which, simplified, could be
achieved by a modification of the mold in the normal tyre production process. The crevice in
the tyre wall and its sealing during the wheel assembly. It is also possible to create the tubing
outside the tyre wall as a separate unit placed between the rim and the tire. In that case the tyre
would just lean on the tubing and enclose it by its deformation, as shown in figure 2. Such a
setup was used during the prototype testing. Therefore, SIT can be either a part of the tyre or
a part of the rim. Upcoming road testing of a pre -production prototype will show which one
of the two options will be more suitable for the introduction on the market.

The above-described inflation system would pump up the tyre with every wheel
revolution regardless of whether the tyre is under-inflated or not. Therefore a managing system
has been designed to turn the inflation ON in case the tyre is under-pressured, and turn it OFF
once the desired pressure inside the tyre has been reached. In case of a properly inflated tyre
the managing system connects both intake and outlet of the tubing with the inside space of the
tire. Air only circulates between the tubing and the tyre with each rotation of the wheel while
the pressures remain almost equal. In addition to the intake opening into the tyre there is
another opening from outside of the tire, equipped with a check valve. This setup of properly
inflated tyre is shown in figure 3 where the internal air circulation is indicated. Therefore the
When the tyre pressure falls below its optimal level the pressure management device closes
the intake from the tyre and instantly creates a vacuum at the intake part of the tubing. This
vacuum opens the check valve and the tube starts pulling air from the outside atmosphere into
the tubing and subsequently into the tire. Once the correct tyre pressure is reached, the pressure
management device again opens the intake of the tubing from the tire, the tubing and tyre
pressures equalize and the check valve closes down.

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Fig. 3: Flow of air through tubes

3.2 Working
The SIT consists of the tubing with a single opening at its one end leading into the tyre
and two openings at its other end, one of which leads back into the tyre and is equipped with
the pressure management device, and the other intake opening, equipped with the check valve,
leads outside the tire. The pressure management device in its simplest form is a container of
compressed air equipped with a membrane. This device is located inside the tyre and is
therefore surrounded by the air pressure of the tire. The pressure inside this container is pre-
set to any desired tyre pressure depending on the type of the vehicle the tyre is intended for.
The membrane is located against the intake opening of the tubing from the tire. As the tyre
pressure falls below its desired level (the pre-set pressure of the container), the air inside the
pressure management device will expand and push the membrane towards the opening and
close it. Resulting vacuum in the tubing starts pulling air from the outside Atmosphere and the
tyre gets inflated. Once the tyre pressure reaches its optimal level equal to the pressure of the
management device, the membrane is drawn out of the opening and the inflation stops. As the
pressure management device is always surrounded by the pressure of the tire, there is no big
demand on its robustness – due to its design, the pressures inside it and outside it will be most
of its lifetime equal, and occasionally slightly lower in its surrounding (the inside of the tire)

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when the tyre is under-pressured until it gets properly inflated again. Beside its simplicity,
where the whole system consists of only the tubing, check valve and pressure management
device, there is another great advantage of this setup. Statistics show, that in order to solve
under-inflation caused purely by regular tyre leakages, the SIT has to inflate the tyre only in
th
every 3000 revolution; or in other words, it would be in operation for 3km out of every
10,000km drive. It means that it would not inflate the tyre for the remaining 9,997km.
Therefore, most of the time there would be only inside air circulation between the tubing and
the tyre back and forth with equal pressures between them, which further increases the
durability of the system the pressure management device can be replaced by a calibrated spring
or an electronically managed valve. If it was electronically managed, it could be easily
connected with the mandatory Tyre Pressure Monitoring system. In such a case, the TPMS in
conjunction with SIT would not only inform the driver about under-inflated tires but also start
the inflation immediately and solve the problem as soon as it appears. In the above section the
SIT system is described, which lets the air circulate between the tyre and tubing; when the tyre
is under-inflated, the tubing pulls the air from outside atmosphere.

An inverse solution is also possible. It lets the air circulate from the outside atmosphere
into the tubing and pushes it back to the atmosphere in case the tyre doesn’t require further
inflation. Only in case of under-inflated tyre the pressure management device closes the output
from the tubing into the outside atmosphere and therefore over-pressure occurs at that end of
the tubing. This overpressure is then released into the tyre through the check valve. So, the
reversed system consists again of the tubing but it has one intake freely open to the outside
atmosphere, one output opening into the outside atmosphere equipped with the pressure
management device and another output opening directed into the tyre and equipped with a
check valve.

Peristaltic pumps are dirt or garbage resistant by their design. They function even when
something gets stuck inside them and they are naturally self-cleaning. However, both in case
of the internal circulation and in case of inverse-external circulation the intake can be equipped
with a filter or constructed in such way that centrifugal forces would keep it clean not only
from the garbage but also from water and dust. (Detailed technical description has not been

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released for public yet). Both, the internal air circulation and the inverse-external circulation
are being evaluated further as it seems that one of them will be more suitable for SIT
implemented as a part of the tyre and another one for SIT being a part of the rim.

3.3 Advantages

3.3.1 Key benefits to consumers:

• Safety
In the United States, 660 persons die and 33,000 are injured every year. 87% of all flat
tires have a history of under-inflation properly inflated tires increase car stability and
reduce the danger of blowouts. They also ensure the car's proper braking distance.
• Fuel economy
Correct tyre pressure leads to lower rolling resistance, thus significantly improving fuel
efficiency. In the United States alone, 1.24 billion gallons of fuel per year can be saved by
proper tyre pressure. Poor tyre pressure costs extra $3.7 billion in fuel in the US annually.
• Tyre longevity
Every year, 4.5 million tires need to be replaced before their designed lifespan in the US.
• Environmental friendliness
Less carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere. Less tyre debris litters the roadways.
Fewer scrap tires are generated.
• Convenience
Drivers have confidence in knowing that their tires always operate at optimal pressure.
Eliminates inflating tires at gas stations, using an obviously easier and cleaner solution.
3.3.2 Key benefits to manufacturers:

• Differentiation
SIT offers a significant added value to end consumers.
Its benefits are easy to communicate and relevant to today's market.

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• Low variable costs

The SIT system is easy to integrate into the current tyre manufacturing process.
Production of SIT tires will be only marginally more expensive than the production of
today's regular tires.
• Regulatory compliance
Tyre pressure monitoring systems (TPMS) notify the driver when a tyre is under-inflated.

TPMS are already required in the USA and soon will be required in other countries too.
SIT addresses the core problem of tyre under-inflation directly. It works independently, but
also in combination with TPMS.

3.4 Future scope

1. They will experience a reduction in tyre wear & increase the life of tyre & also increase
the fuel efficiency; therefore saving the money.
2. The reduction in tyre disposal in landfills and decrease the rate of consumption of
natural resources will truly benefit society.
3. Fewer requirement of tyre replacement.
4. Its increase the safety of passenger as well as driver.

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Chapter – 4

TYPES OF SELF INFLATING TYRE SYSTEM

There are various types of self-inflating tire systems used in the market depending upon
the type of vehicle, speed and terrain. The important ones are as follows:

4.1 Central Tire Inflation System:

The idea behind the CTIS is to provide control over the air pressure in each tire as a
way to improve performance on different surfaces. For example, lowering the air pressure in a
tire creates a larger area of contact between the tire and the ground and makes driving on softer
ground much easier. It also does less damage to the surface. This is important on work sites
and in agricultural fields. By giving the driver direct control over the air pressure in each tire,
maneuverability is greatly improved. Another function of the CTIS is to maintain pressure in
the tires if there is a slow leak or puncture. In this case, the system controls inflation
automatically based on the selected pressure the driver has set. The schematic diagram of CTIS
is shown in the figure 4

Fig. 4: Central Tire Inflation System

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A wheel valve is located at each wheel end. For dual wheels, the valves are typically connected
only to the outer wheel so the pressure between the two tires can be balanced. Part of the wheel
valve's job is to isolate the tire from the system when it's not in use in order to let the pressure
off of the seal and extend its life. The wheel valve also enables on-demand inflation and
deflation of the tires.

An electronic control unit (ECU) mounted behind the passenger seat is the brain of the
system. It processes driver commands, monitors all signals throughout the system and tells the
system to check tire pressures every 10 minutes to make sure the selected pressure is being
maintained. The ECU sends commands to the pneumatic control unit, which directly controls
the wheel valves and air system. The pneumatic control unit also contains a sensor that
transmits tire-pressure readings to the ECU. An operator control panel allows the driver to
select tire-pressure modes to match current conditions. This dash-mounted panel displays
current tire pressures, selected modes and system status. When the driver selects a tire-pressure
setting, signals from the control panel travel to the electronic control unit, to the pneumatic
control unit and finally to the wheel valves.

When vehicles are moving faster (like on a highway), tire pressure should be higher to
prevent tire damage. The CTIS includes a speed sensor that sends vehicle speed information
to the electronic control unit. If the vehicle continues moving at a higher speed for a set period
of time, the system automatically inflates the tires to an appropriate pressure for that speed.
This type of system uses air from the same compressor that supplies air to the brakes. A
pressure switch makes sure the brake system gets priority, preventing the CTIS from taking air
from the supply tank until the brake system is fully charged.

4.2 Tire Maintenance System

Tire Maintenance System (TMS) is a smart system for tractor trailers that monitors tire pressure
and inflates tires as necessary to keep pressure at the right level. It uses air from the trailer's
brake supply tank to inflate the tires.

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The system has three main components:

The tire hose assembly provides the air route to inflate the tire and has check valves so
that the air-lines and seals do not have to be pressurized when the system is not checking or
inflating the tires. This cuts down on wear and tear on the seals.

The rotary joint is comprised of air and oil seals and bearings and connects the air hose
from the non-rotating axle to the rotating hubcap. Its air seals prevent leakage, and the oil seal
prevents contamination. The rotary hub also has a vent to release air pressure in the hubcap.

The manifold houses the pressure protection valve, which makes sure the system
doesn't pull air if the brakes' air supply is below 80 psi. It also houses an inlet filter to keep the
air clean, a pressure sensor to measure tire pressures and solenoids that control airflow to the
tires.

Like the CTIS, this system also has an electronic control unit that runs the entire system.
It performs checks to make sure the system is operational, notifies the driver via a warning
light on the trailer (visible through the rear-view mirror) if a tire's pressure drops more than 10
percent below its normal pressure and performs system diagnostics. The system performs an
initial pressure check and adds air to any tire that needs it. The check valves in each tire hose
ensure that the other tires don't lose pressure while one tire is being inflated. After an initial
pressure check, the system depressurizes to relieve pressure from the seals. Every 10 minutes,
the system pressurizes the lines and rechecks tire pressures. The system measures tire pressure
using a series of air pulses in the air-lines. If the target pressure in the line is not reached after
a certain amount of time, the system begins inflating the tire until the correct pressure is
reached.

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4.3 AIRGO System

The AIRGO system as shown in figure 5, is a constant monitoring system that uses a series of
check valves to detect a loss in air pressure. Unlike some of the other systems, AIRGO doesn't
use air from the vehicle's braking system. When air seepage has occurred at any of various
points in the system, the system draws air from the vehicle's pneumatic system and sends it by
way of the vehicle's axle, through the axles themselves if they're pressurized or by way of
tubing if they're not, through the hubcap assembly and into the tire requiring inflation. A
warning light, located on the trailer but visible through the driver's rearview mirror, illuminates
when the system has inflated a tire. Since this is a constant monitoring system, which puts a
lot of wear and tear on the seals, AIRGO uses carbon-graphite and case-hardened steel for its
seals rather than rubber.

Fig. 5: AIRGO system

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4.4 Meritor Tire Inflation System

The Meritor Tire Inflation System (figure 5) is designed for use on tractor trailers. It
uses compressed air from the trailer to inflate any tire that falls below its appropriate pressure.
Air from the existing trailer air supply is routed to a control box and then into each axle. The
air-lines run through the axles to carry air through a rotary union assembly at the spindle end
in order to distribute air to each tire. If there is significant air-pressure loss, an indicator light
informs the driver.

The overall system is made up of a wheel-end assembly and a control module. The
wheel-end assembly includes a flexible hose with check valves. The check valves only allow
air to flow into each tire. This ensures that while one tire is being inflated, the other tires don't
lose air pressure. This assembly also incorporates a stator (a non-rotating part) inside the axle
spindle and a flow-through tee that is attached to the hubcap. The flow-through tee has a
dynamic seal to allow rotation while preventing pressure loss when pressurized air passes from
the axle to the hub, which occurs through a tube that runs from the stator into the tee.

Fig. 6: Meritor Tire Inflation System

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In the hubcap assembly, there is a vent to make sure pressure does not build up in the wheel
end. A deflector shield keeps contaminants such as dirt and water from entering the wheel end.
For axles with hollow spindles, a press plug seals the pressurized axle interior from the wheel
end in order to secure the stator.

The system control module has a shut-off valve to stop air from being sent to the
system, as well as a filter to remove moisture and contaminants. The petcock releases system
pressure so maintenance can be performed. Like some of the other systems that use onboard
air supplies, this system has a pressure protection valve so that it won't pull air if the air supply
is below 80 psi. A system pressure adjustment knob allows for adjustments to the overall
system air pressure. A flow-sensing switch activates the indicator light to let the driver knows
if a significant amount of air is being pumped into a tire, which would indicate a potential
puncture.

4.5 Peristaltic Self-inflating Tire System

Peristaltic Self-Inflating Tire System (PSITS) is based on the peristaltic pump
principle. This system is designed in order to constantly maintain the tire pressure thereby
improving safety of an automobile in times of emergency caused by perforation (by nails,
screws, thorns, etc.,) or any other deformation.

Fig.7: Peristaltic Self-inflating Tire System

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The system uses a rotating wheel that, as it turns, pushes the tube's contents through
one end. The movement causes a low pressure area which pulls more into the other end. The
car's wheel acts as rotating wheel and the air-filled tire plays the part of the tube. A pressure
sensitive valve ensures that your tire stays at a constant pressure. Since the system doesn't
require nearly as many parts and is not powered by an outside source, it should be much more
reliable and cost less. As the tire rotates, air is drawn through the valve into the reservoir and
is then pushed through the peristaltic part of the tube by the rolling of the tire. The air then
moves into the tire itself until the tire reaches the correct pressure. This is accomplished when
the pressure of the reservoir tube is equal to the pressure of the tire.

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Self-inflating tyre system

REFERENCES
[1] Vishnuram K., Dinesh R., Suresh K. N., Deepak K. S., Tamil Chazhiyan. (2015): Self
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[2] Inderjeet Singh, Bhupendra Pratap Singh, Hari Shankar Sahu, Raunak Chauhan, Novel
Kumar Sahu (2016): To Study on Implementation of Tyre Inflation System for Automotive
Vehicles, International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering & Technology,
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[3] Ashwadip K. Meshram, Rahul Rade, Utkarsh Bageshwar, Shashank Raut, P. K. Channe
(2016): Automatic Air Filling Machine on 4- Wheeler, Internatinal Jornal of Advanced
Innovative Technology, Vol.01, Issue 01.
[4] Harshal Junankar, Vishnusagar Bihare, Nishant Giradkar, Chetal Gupta (2015): Automatic
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[5] Latha O. H. Sadaq O. H., Junaidi M. A. R. (2014),” Solar Based Air Compressor for
Inflating Tyres”. IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSRJMCE), Vol. 11(5),
pp. 29-33.

[6] Ramesh G., Mallesha M. and Gangadhar V.” Effect of Tyre Overload and Inflation Pressure
on Rolling Loss in Cars”, Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, Vol. 5(8),
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[7] Collins J.A. (2007), “Mechanical Design of Machine Elements and Machines, a failure
prevention perspective”, John Wiley & Sons, pp 515- 533.

[8] Vishnuram K., Dinesh R., Krishna S., Kumar D. Chazhiyan. T. (2015), ”Self-
InflatingTyres” International Journal on Applications in Mechanical and Production
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[9] Chandreshkumar L., Pranav J. Hemra C., Bokade. (2013),” Tire Pressure Monitoring
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Department of Mechanical Engineering, AIT, Bengaluru 18

 BIODATA

Raghavendra V Bhat
raghavendra.beme.15@acharya.ac.in
9482848280

Permanent address : Near Veer Vittal Temple, At. Pt. Chikkankod, Tq. Honnavar
Uttar Kannada, 581361

Personal details
Date of Birth : 16 October, 1997
Place of Birth : Honnavar
Father Name : Vasanth R Bhat
Mother Name : Vandita
Sex : Male
Nationality : Indian
Languages Known : Konkani, Kannada, English, Hindi