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Page 1 of 6 pages INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2

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SECTION A

QUESTION 1

1.1 Use reaction equations to briefly discuss energy changes involved in the
formation of solid magnesium iodide from solid magnesium and iodine
gas. (5)

1.2 Choose, with reasons, which substance in each of the following pairs has
the higher boiling point:

1.2.1 SiC or Cs 3

1.2.2 NaCl or MgO 4

1.2.3 (CH3CH2)2O or CH3CH2OH 2

1.2.4 HI or HF 2

1.2.5 NO or N2 3
(14)

1.3 Explain why

1.3.1 bonding in NaCl is not 100% ionic. 3

1.3.2 AgI is virtually insoluble in water. 3

1.3.3 an aqueous solution of HCl(g) is an electrolyte. 3

1.3.4 reactions of ionic compounds in solution are fast and those of

most covalent compounds that much slower. 3
(12)
[31]

QUESTION 2

2.1 For each of the following, give (a) the Lewis structure, (b) the electron
arrangement around the central atom / ion and (c) the shape of the
molecule / ion:

2.1.1 BrF4+ 3

2.1.2 XeF₄ 3
(6)

2.2 Of the two compounds NOF and NO 2F, one has a resultant dipole
moment  = 1,81 D, and the other  = 0,47 D. Which dipole moment do
(5)
you think is associated with each compound? Explain your answer.
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2.3 2.3.1 Draw a labelled energy level diagram for O2. 4

2.3.2 Explain the type of magnetism you would expect for O 2. 2

2.3.3 Use the energy level diagram in 2.3.2 to calculate the bond order
for F2. 2

2.3.4 Write down the electron configuration for NO. 3

(11)

2.4 2.4.1 Explain the advantages of using hybrid atomic orbitals for
bonding. 3

2.4.2 For the following compound

ClCH2 — C C — C — OH

propose a hybridisation scheme for all of the central atoms (all the
C and O atoms) and use a labelled drawing to show the
hybridised atomic orbitals of these atoms in this compound. 9
(12)

2.5 Write resonance structures and give with reasons the structure of the
hybrid in each of the following:

2.5.1 O3 3

2.5.2 H2C = CHCl 3

(6)
[40]

QUESTION 3

3.1 Explain

3.1.1 why gold is more ductile than sodium; 2

3.1.2 the effect of a decrease in temperature on the conductivity of

silver; 3

3.1.3 why a solution of calcium in liquid ammonia is a good conductor

of electricity 3

3.1.4 what can be done to improve the properties of a pure metal

needed for a specific use. 2
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3.1.5 why ethanoic acid becomes a relatively strong acid in liquid

ammonia 2
(12)

3.2 Briefly discuss the use of reduction potential diagrams in the workplace. (3)

3.3 Study the following half reactions involving manganese:

Mn2+ + 2e’  Mn Eo = -1,18V

MnO2 + 2e’  Mn2+ Eo = +1,23V

MnO42- + 2e’  MnO2 Eo = +2,26V

MnO4- + e’  MnO42- Eo = +0,56V

MnO4- + 3e’  MnO2 Eo = ?

3.3.1 Draw up a reduction potential diagram for the above system. 3

3.3.2 Calculate the E value for the reaction MnO4-  MnO2 4

3.3.3 Will the reaction in 3.3.2 be thermodynamically possible? Explain 2

your answer. (9)
(24)

Total A [95]
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SECTION B

Please answer this section in a SEPARATE ANSWER BOOK.

QUESTION 1

Give an example for each of the following:

1.1 an alkali metal that can be used for the treatment of manic depression;

1.2 a superoxide;

1.3 a hydroxide used in the manufacture of a soft soap;

1.4 the characteristic flame colour of barium;

1.5 a covalent compound of boron;

1.6 an allotrope of carbon that is more stable than diamond;

1.7 a volatile carbonyl;

1.8 a very hard covalent carbide;

1.9 a gas that occurs in the atmosphere to the extent of about 21 per cent by volume;

1.10 an easily liquefiable gas;

1.11 an ionic amide;

1.12 an allotrope of phosphorus that occurs as a polymer;

1.13 a solid peroxide that evolve oxygen on the addition of water;

1.14 a substance that can be added to soften temporary hardness in water;

1.15 a poisonous gas that is obtained by reduction of antimony(III) trichloride with

lithium aluminium hydride.
[15]

QUESTION 2

2.1 Metals may react with (a) acids, (b) alkalis or (c) steam, forming hydrogen
in the process. Use reaction equations to show one example of each type
of reaction. (6)
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2.2 White sand, silicon dioxide, is used in the making of glass and other
compounds. Write a balanced equation to illustrate how silicon dioxide is
fused with calcium carbonate at 1500 oC to form glass. (3)
[9]

QUESTION 3

3.1 Briefly describe the Downs process for the production of sodium. (6)

3.2 Explain the formation of ozone layer in the stratosphere. (4)

[10]

QUESTION 4

4.1 Explain why BF3 will not be formed. (3)

4.2 Use reaction equations to show that Al2O3 is amphoteric. (4)

4.3 Explain why hydrofluoric acid is not kept in glass bottles. (3)
[10]

QUESTION 5

5.1 Explain why CF4 is a gas and CCl4 is a liquid. (2)

5.2 Use reaction equations to explain how CO, a powerful reducing agent,
can be used to obtain pure Ni from impure Ni. (5)
[7]

QUESTION 6

6.1 Explain why concentrated nitric acid has no effect on Al. (2)

6.2 The industrial process for the manufacture of nitric acid essentially
consists of three stages or steps.

6.2.1 Briefly state what happens during each of these stages. (No (6)
reaction equations are required for the individual steps)

6.2.2 Write the overall reaction equation for this process. (2)
[10]

QUESTION 7

7.1 What is the cause of hardness in water? (2)

7.2 Explain what Permutite is and how it can be used to render permanent
hardwater soft. (4)
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7.3 Use a reaction equation to explain how H 2O2 can be prepared in the laboratory.
(4)
[10]

QUESTION 8

Complete and balance each of the following reaction equations;

8.1 Ca(OH)2(s) + NH4Cl(s) + heat → (3)

8.2 Ca(NO3)2(s) + heat → (3)

8.3 Fe2O3(s) + CO(g) → (3)

[9]

TOTAL SECTION B [80]