A basic understanding of the words vices and virtues would
suggest exclusivity at first glance. However, the concepts of these ideas vary greatly across cultures and perspectives. To address the question, we first need to understand the question, and ask what are vices and virtues? Looking at one of the foremost works in ethics study, Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics, we come across the concept of means in virtue, which Aristotle describes as the balance between two extreme vices. For example, if we take a fearful or dangerous situation, the two extremes would be cowardice and rashness. The person who’s able to find the mean between these two vices, can be thought to be a virtuous person, and in this case, exhibits confidence, or between the two vices of vanity and pusillanimity, the virtuous mean would be magnanimity. Aristotle’s ideal person works towards sharpening his sense of character, similar to how a guitarist would toil at their instrument, or how a dancer goes through their routines daily. To the Greeks, moral virtue is just another function of humanity, not performed in fear of some divine power. Theologically, the ideas begin to differ, as the difference in motivation fuels a difference in the generation of respective concepts. Since the number of different faiths is, in my opinion, quite inane, it’s impossible to examine each different religious group, explain their motivation and ideals while still maintaining my 500-word limit, so I’ll just be looking at one of the more major groups. When analysing Christianity, their vices and virtues are more set in stone, or rather, set in ink. Their 7 clearly defined virtues stem from two sets, a cardinal set, required to live a pure, virtuous life, and a theological set, to live life under the approving eye of God. While the severity of certain qualities as a vice changes according to the form, one of the more popular accepted embodiment of sins is seen in the epic, Dante’s Inferno. Dante’s Inferno speaks of the seven deadly sins, with indulgence in any earning you a one-way ticket to Hell. Christianity tries to propagate community and acceptance, and asks that its followers be virtuous in their lives, its clearly defined definitions of vice and virtue making it easier to abide. However, the intense emphasis on the wrongness of other ways of life by the Bible also leads to aggressive tactics and behaviours by some followers. This trend is seen in most other major religions as well, the idea of conformity more important than living freely, living to please God rather than yourself. Both the academic and religious perspectives are accepted in their own rights, so while neither is technically wrong, which one is right? Accepting each as correct in their own regard, the exclusivity of vices and virtues isn’t assured, simply because what may be right for you might not be right for the another. In the end, it depends on whether your beliefs achieve the right thing.