Gas Sweetening Unit Operation Manual

HZR/ISO/DIO/GS 001
OPERATION MANUAL
OF
GAS SWEETENING UNIT
OIL & NATURAL GAS CORPORATION LTD.
HAZIRA PLANT
GAS SWEETENING UNIT
CONTENTS PAGE
1.0 INTRODUCTION - 01 - 08
General
Design Basis
Design Capacity
Gas Feed Stock Specification
Product Specification
Utility Specification
Effluents
2.0 PROCESS DESCRIPTION - 09 - 22
MDEA Process Principles

Description of MDEA Train
Absorption Section
MDEA Regeneration Section
Miscellaneous
Chemical Consumption
Chemical Properties
Utility Consumption
Waste Effluents
3.0 PLANT START UP - 23 - 26
Normal start up
4.0 OPERATING PARAMETERS - 27-33
General
Operating Control Points
Adjusting Operating Parameters
Absorption
Regeneration
Foaming
Filtration
5.0 PLANT SHUTDOWN PROCEDURES - 34-45
Plant Shutdown (Short duration)

Plant Shutdown (Long duration)
Emergency Shutdown
6.0 ALARMS AND TRIP SETTINGS - 46-47
7.0 OPERATIONAL TIPS - 48-51
8.0 MODIFICATIONS - 52-54
9.0 SCHEMATICS OF DIFFERENT MODIFICATIONS - 55- 63
10.0 PFD - 64
11.0 MSDS - 65-82
12. H2S SAFETY - 83-84

GAS SWEETENING UNIT
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 GENERAL
1.2 DESIGN BASIS
1.2.1 DESIGN CAPACITY
1.2.2 GAS FEEDSTOCK SPECIFICATIONS
1.2.3 PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS
1.2.4 UTILITY SPECIFICATIONS
1.2.5 EFFLUENTS
1
Gas Sweetening Unit
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 GENERAL
This design and operating manual covers the design and operating instructions
for a Gas Sweetening Plant. There are a total of 9 trains. Gas Sweetening trains 37
38 and 39 have the capacity to treat 6.3 MMSCMD of sour gas per train from the
Slug Catcher and Condensate Fractionation Unit. However, other trains of GSU are
having capacity of 5.6 MMSCMD each.
The GSU trains were built in phases. The phase-wise capacity is as under:
Nos. of trains Capacity
Phase-I Three trains 5.6 x 3 MMSCMD

Phase-II Two trains 5.6 x 2 MMSCMD
Phase-III One train 5.6 x 1 MMSCMD
Phase-III A Two Trains 6.3 x 2 MMSCMD
Phase-IV One train 6.3 x 1 MMSCMD
The total capacity of GSU trains is 46.9 MMSCMD with 08 operating & one standby
of 5.6 MMSCMD capacity.
The basic philosophy and operating methodology of operation of all the 9 GSU trains
is similar. However the operating parameters of individual trains may vary depending
upon the process requirement and healthiness. The operating procedures and
methodology have been extracted from Phase III-A design package.
1.2 DESIGN BASIS
1.2.1 DESIGN CAPACITY:
Three Gas Sweetening Trains of Ph-III A&Ph-IV (37 ,38&039) can handle a total
of 18.9 MMSCMD of sour gas. The remaining trains of GSU can handle 28 MMSCMD with 5
trains operating and one standby. This makes the total capacity 46.9 MMSCMD with one
train of capacity 5.6 MMSCMD as standby.
The plant has been designed such that the minimum capacity for each Gas
Sweetening train is 40% of the design capacity.
2
Gas Sweetening Unit – Introduction
1.2.2 GAS FEEDSTOCK SPECIFICATIONS
The following mixed gas composition (mix of slug catcher gas and CFU off- gas) has
been considered for the design of GSU and GDU. (based on design of Phase III-A)
COMPOSITION
Components Design Case Check Case
(Mole %) (Mole %)
N2 0.21 0.19
CO2 6.00 6.50
H2S 0.137(1375ppm) 0.137
C1 79.84 78.596
C2 7.48 7.41
C3 4.14 4.54
iC4 0.18 0.23
nC5 0.17 0.22
C6 0.22 0.15
C7 0.05 0.11
C8 0.01 0.05
C9 0.002 0.01
ClO 0.001 -
The design composition (given above) of sour gas is as per the Material Balance given by
SNEA (P) after the Test Runs. Additionally the design shall be checked for the check case
composition containing 6.5% (mole) CO2 by adjusting methane content.
Pressure at Battery Limits : 96-54 kg/cm2 abs.

Temperature at Battery Limits : 20-33 C
Gas Sweetening train will have a maximum operating pressure of 77 kg/cm2a. A pressure
control valve and heating device upstream of the pressure valve will prevent hydrate
formation. H2S and CO2 content will vary depending on conditions.
3
Gas Sweetening Unit –Introduction
1.2.3 PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS
The product from each Gas Sweetening train will meet the following specification.
Sweet and Dry Gas:
H2S content : 4 ppm Vol. Max.

Pressure at Battery Limits : 74.9 - 51.9 kg/cm2abs.
Temperature at Battery Limits : 40oC
Rich MDEA Flash Gas :
H2S content : 4 ppm Vol. Max.

Pressure at Battery Limits : 4.5 kg/cm2abs.
Temperature at Battery Limits : 48 – 55oC
Acid Gas:
Hydrocarbon content will be minimized.

Pressure at Battery Limits : 1.9* kg/cm2 abs.
Temperature at Battery Limits : 50oC
* Downstream of the pressure control valve.
1.2.4 UTILITY SPECIFICATION
1.2.4.1 STEAM
Min. Nor. Max. Design

A) H.P Steam
Pressure kg/cm2a 35 37 40
Temperature C Sat. Sat. 250 560
B) M.P Steam
Pressure kg/cm2a 18 20 24
C) LP Steam
Pressure kg/cm2a 6 6.5 10
4
Gas Sweetening Unit – Introduction
1.2.4.2 INSTRUMENT AIR
Min. Nor. Max. Mech. Design

2
Pressure, kg/cm a 6.5 7.0 7.5 10
2
Dew point, C at 7.5 kg/cm g -15
Oil content, ppm Nil
1.2.4.3 PLANT AIR
Min. Nor Max Mech.Design

2
Pressure, kg/cm a 6.5 7.0 7.5 10
Dew point, C Sat.
Oil content, ppm Nil
1.2.4.4 COOLING WATER
Supply pressure at grade kg/cm2a 5

2
Return pressure at grade kg/cm 2.5
Supply temp. C for exchanger design 33
Maximum return temp. at any exchanger outlet,C 44
Quality:
Turbidity, NTU
Alkalinity, ppm 15-20
Total hardness, ppm at CaCO3 300
Silica as SiO2, ppm 125
Chlorides as Cl, ppm
TDS, ppm 850
pH 6.2-6.6
Conductivity at 20C, µmho/cm
5
1.2.4.5 SERVICE WATER

- Supply pressure at grade kg/cm2a 7.0
- Return pressure
at grade kg/cm2a --
- Supply Temp.C for exchanger design Amb.

- Maximum return --
temp. at any exchanger outlet
Quality:
pH 7-8
Turbidity NTU 5
Alkalinity, ppm
Hardness as CaCO3, ppm:
Calcium 67
Magnesium , 47
Sodium as CaCO3 ppm 127
Bicarbonate as CaCO3, ppm 174
Chloride as CI, ppm 33
Sulfate as S04, ppm 33
Silica as Si04, ppm 30
Iron as Fe, ppm 0.3
Organic matter normally NIL
TDS, ppm 66
Conductivity at 25 C
µmho/cm
Mechanical design
pressure kg/cm2a 11
Mechanical design Temperature C 65
6
1.2.4.6 INERT GAS (C02/N2)
Min. Nor. Max. Design
Pressure, kg/cm2a 6.0 7.0 - 10.0

Temperature, C 40 50 75
Purity
Oxygen content 0.5%
H2 content 0.1%
Dew point/moisture 'content -40.C at 8 kglcm2a
CO content 0.1%
N2 + CO2 content Balance
Oil content Oil free
Note : If this gas is not suitable for blanketing, fuel gas may be used.
1.2.4.7 FUEL GAS
Normal Start-Up. *
2
Pressure, kglcm a 4.5 4.5
Temperature, C 20-45 20-45
Molecular weight 19.0 20.94

Design pressure kg/cm a = 11, Design Temp. o C = 65
2
Composition:
C1 89.06 80.14
C2 5.55 7.70
C3 1.33 4.48
C4 0.15 1.80
C5 Nil 0.73
CO2 3.90 5.14
N2 0.01 0.01
O2 Nil Nil
H2O Nil Saturated
Sulphur (H2S) 2ppm 4ppm
Olefins Nil Nil
Acetylene Nil Nil
Heating value 10350 10430
Kcal/kg,Net
*This condition will also occur during LPG plant shutdown.
7
Gas Sweetening Unit-Introduction
1.2.4.8 BOILER FEED WATER
Pressure, kg/cm2a 2.0

Temperature AMB.
Quality required for steam generation is acceptable.
1.2.4.9 METHANOL
Normal Mech Design
2
Pressure, kg/cm a 3.0 7.0
Temperature, C Amb. 65
1.2.4.10 ELECTRICAL POWER
Service Voltage Phase Freq. CPS . Hz
a. Motors up to 160KW 415 V 3 50

161KW & above 6.6 KV 3 50
b. Lighting distribution 240 V 1 50
c. Instruments 110V D.C. for interlocks.
110V A.C. – Through inverter (No break)
415V, 240V 6.6 KV 110V (DC) 110V(A.C.)
Voltage variation : + 6% +10% +10% +1%

Frequency variation: + 3% +3% --- +1%
1.2.5 EFFLUENTS
Released liquid hydrocarbons will be sent to closed blow down system.

Released gaseous hydrocarbons will be sent to a central flare system.
Back pressure of flare at battery limits end will be:
maximum service : 1.8 kg/cm2g
normal service : 0.6 kg/cm2g
- Liquid waste effluents will be sent to a central waste water

treatment.
8
Gas Sweetening Unit-Process description
2.0 PROCESS DESCRIPTION
2.1 GENERAL
2.2 GAS SWEETENING UNIT
2.3 MDEA PROCESS PRINCIPLES
2.4 DESCRIPTION OF A MDEA TRAIN
2.5 ABSORPTION SECTION
2.6 AMINE REGENERATION SECTION
2.7 MISCELLANEOUS
2.8 CHEMICALS
2.9 UTILITY CONSUMPTION
2.10 WASTE EFFLUENTS
9
Gas Sweetening Unit
2. 0 PROCESS DESCRIPTION
2.1 GENERAL
In the sweetening process, gas is washed with aqueous solutions of MDEA. The
MDEA and TEG trains are connected with one another by a pipe rack supplying
products (raw gas, desulfurized and dried gas) and required utilities.
2.2 GAS SWEETENING UNIT
The main purpose of this gas treatment step is to remove the H2S from the sour
gas with a high severity, and at same time, to limit the CO2 co-absorption to the
minimum required and in any case, to not more than 32%.
2.3 MDEA PROCESS PRINCIPLES
The selective removal of H2S is made by washing the sour gas with an aqueous
solution of Methyl-Di-Ethanol-Amine (MDEA).
The process principles are similar to the well known SNPA-DEA process. The only
difference is the behavior of the ethanolamine used.
Methyl-diethanolamine (MDEA) is a tertiary amine, which does not react easily

with CO2. The selectivity is so promoted by using the differences in reaction
rates between both H2S and CO2 and the tertiary amine.
For a good understanding of the process, a brief recall of the reaction

mechanisms of CO2 and H2S with ethanolamines is necessary.
First the case of a primary or secondary amine (monoethanolamine or

diethanolamine) whose reactions with the acid components H2S and CO2 are
similar, is investigated.
H2S reacts to give amine hydrosulfide:
H2S + R2NH HS - , R2NH2+ (I)
CO2 can react directly with amine to form an amine carbonate:
CO2 + 2R2NH R2NCOO- , R2NH2+ (2)
But CO2 can also react with water or hydroxyl ions to form carbonic acid or
bicarbonate ions:
10
Gas Sweetening Unit-Process Description
CO2 + H2O H2CO3 (3)
CO2 + HO- HCO3- (4)
These acids then react with the amine to form amine bicarbonate (HCO3,- RNH2+)
and amine carbonate (CO2, (R2NH2+)2).
As regards kinetics, 3 types of reaction can be distinguished

- reaction (1) whose rate is infinite,
- reaction (2) whose rate is moderate, depending on amine
- reaction (3) and (4), known to be slow
It is known that using MEA or DEA the absorption rate of CO2 in the absorber may
be lower than the absorption rate of H2S; however CO2 removal is regarded as
complete.
The case of tertiary amine is different. As a matter of fact, the molecular

structure of the tertiary amine prevents the direct reaction of CO2 with carbonate
formation (reaction (2)).
Reaction rate difference between H2S and CO2 is thus clearly marked since there
only remains reaction (1) whose rate is infinite and reaction (3) and (4) whose rates
are slow.
To perform a selective de-sulfurization using a MDEA solution, it is necessary to

provide in the absorber a gas-liquid contact time large enough to remove H2S but
short enough to retain CO2 partially.
H2S and CO2 absorption performance control is therefore mainly controlled by the
gas-liquid contact time in the absorber. Contact time depends on :
- the gas flow rate

- a liquid height above active plate area - the number of plates in absorber
The first 2 parameters cannot be acted upon. The 3rd parameter (plate quantity)
allows to adjust contact time according to the feeding conditions and required
performance.
11
2.4 DESCRIPTION OF A MDEA TRAIN
Presently, GSU inlet pressure of raw gas varies from 57 - 65 kg/cm2a. and
temperature ranges from 20 C to 33 C.
The working pressure in the gas washing unit (inlet separator, absorption column,
outlet separator) is the range of 57 - 61 kg/cm2a. Slug catcher-derived gas
pressure is controlled by an automatic valve (PV-1101). At the time of this pressure
reduction operation raw gas is pre-heated in a low pressure vapor-fed heater to
prevent hydrate formation.
2.5 ABSORPTION SECTION
Slug-catcher-derived raw gas is first heated in steam heater (E-305). Then it is

passed through the pressure regulating control valve (PV1101). Its temperature is
maintained above 25C by controlling the heater (E-305) steam flow (TV-1106).
This raw gas is then mixed with the condensate treating unit-derived raw gas, which
is made up of the light hydrocarbon fraction contained in the raw condensates.
This raw gas mixture passes through a knock out drum (V -301) where liquid carry
over (water, hydrocarbon) are retained to be pumped (P-306) to the condensate
treating unit.
Upon leaving separator (V-301), raw gas enters an amine absorber column (C-301)
where it comes into contact counter currently with the aqueous solution of MDEA.
The absorber column includes 14 valve trays. The lean MDEA solution at 45C enters
the column upper part. Different liquid feed possibility to the column allows to
select the adequate number of the trays to obtain the required results taking into
account feed gas quality and operating conditions. The selected feed position could
be to trays 1, 3, 5, 7 or 9 and the switching over from one to another is manual. The
MDEA feed nozzles are arranged such that the liquid feed is fed to the
downcomers of trays (1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 and not on to the trays themselves.
The upper tray is dry and retains the major part of carryovers. The total lean
MDEA solution flows to the column under flow control FV-II04.
At absorber C-301 top, treated gas contains less than 4 ppm vol. H2S. Temperature
ranges from 40 C to 44 C. The gas is cooled to 38 C by passing through a water
cooler (E-306).
12
Liquid phase resulting from cooling (condensed water + vesicular amine carryover) is
separated in the treated gas KO. Drum (V-302) and returned to rich amine circuit
at a lower pressure.
Treated gas is piped to TEG drying unit.
2.6 AMINE REGENERATION SECTION
The stream of the rich amine solution is recovered under level control valve (LV--
1112) from the bottom of the absorber and piped to the rich amine flash drum V--
303. The sour flashed gas from this drum contains about 200 ppm (vol.) H2S. In
order to meet the fuel gas specifications (less than 4 ppm vol. of H 2S) this sour
fuel-gas is brought into contact with a small lean MDEA flow in a 6 valve tray
absorption tower C-303 placed on the top of the rich amine flash drum V-303.
The rich amine solution flows from the flash drum to the rich/lean amine exchanger
E-301 A/B. The rich amine flash drum level control valve is located downstream of
the exchanger in order to minimize the solution degassing by the exchanger plates.
MDEA solution stripping is accomplished in the regenerator C-302 by the vapor
generated from the reboiler E-304.
The lean amine collected at the bottom of the regenerator is routed through
amine/amine exchanger and cooled to 45 C in a lean amine cooler and sent to a large
lean amine storage tank (T-301).
The hot acid-gas/steam mixture from the overhead of the regenerator is cooled to
50 C in a condenser E-303 where water vapor condenses. This condensed vapor is
separated in the reflux drum V-304 and pumped back (P-304 A/B) to the top
section of the regenerator.
The trays are provided for washing the acid gas with reflux water in order to
minimize amine carryover.
Acid gas is sent to an acid gas header through a pressure control valve , which
maintains a 2.0 kg/cm2a minimum pressure on top of the reflux drum V-304.
From the storage tank T-301, lean amine is pumped back to the absorbers (C-301
and C-303) by the main amine charge pump P-301 A/B.
The discharged amine stream is split into two parts through flow rate control valves:
a main stream flows to the high pressure Absorber C-301 and a smaller one to the
fuel-gas absorber C-303.
13
2.7 MISCELLANEOUS
2.7.1 STORAGE TANK
The total amine circulating stream is drawn-off toward a large storage tank T-
301.This tank has several functions:
Its capacity allows the recovery of the total amount of amine in circulation when the
train is drained for maintenance operations.
In normal operations, it has a regulating effect on the disturbances caused by the level
control valve actions on the rich amine and the lean amine circuits
It simplifies the pure solvent make-up and control of the MDEA concentration in the
lean solution
It effects an efficient decantation of the amine solution before filtration.
MDEA is very sensitive to oxygen whose contact produces acidic elements. In order
to avoid direct contact with air, the storage tank is equipped with a gas blanket.
Inert gas is normally used as blanketing gas. However the inert gas at HAZIRA
plant contains residual amounts of oxygen (0.5%) making it unsuitable for this
purpose.
Even though the quality of the fuel gas available from the fuel gas header is rather
unattractive due to the presence of large amounts of CO2, which may cause
undesirable effects on the lean amine quality, this fuel gas was finally preferred.
SNEA(P) confirmed that the expected lean amine degradation due to the CO2
reaction with MDEA was very small considering the mass-transfer conditions at the
gas liquid interface in the storage tank.
2.7.2 FILTRATION PACKAGE
This filtration package is designed to treat approximately 10% of the total lean
amine flow. It consists of three filters:
A pre-coat filter X-301

An activated charcoal bed V -3 11
A cartridge filter X-302
A side stream, approximately equal to 10% of the total lean amine flow is drawn off
the storage tank by the Lean Amine Filter Pump P-303 NB. It passes under flow
control through the Pre-Coat Filter X-301. The pre-coat filter is designed to
remove solid particles such as iron sulphides, and iron carbonates from the lean
amine.
14
Downstream of the pre-coat filter the stream splits. The main stream returns to
the amine storage tank. A side stream, approximately equal to 1 % of the total
lean amine flow, is taken off and passes under flow control to the Activated
Charcoal Filter V-311. In the activated charcoal filter any further degradation
products and hydrocarbons are removed. This stream then passes through a
Cartridge Filter X-302 where any entrained activated charcoal is removed. It joins
the outlet of the pre-coat filter and returns to the amine storage tank. All amine
solution collected in the Sump Drum V-307 (see the following section) is pumped to
the suction of the lean amine filter pumps P-303 A/B.
2.7.3 SUMP DRUM
The MDEA section is provided with a sump drum (V -307) to collect the drips and
drains from the unit. All low point drains from columns, vessels, pumps etc. are piped
into V-307 where the MDEA is collected. If part or all of the MDEA unit are
shutdown, then the amine solution is first drained to the sump drum, pumped to the
amine filter pumps and passes through the filtration package before going to the
storage tank T-301. The sump drum is fitted with a pump P-305 that starts
automatically when a high level is reached and stops automatically on low level. The
sump tank is also blanketed with fuel gas to prevent solution by degradation of the
MDEA due to ingress of oxygen.
2.7.4 ANTIFOAM PACKAGE
An antifoam package is provided for the injection of antifoam chemicals into the
MDEA circulation system, at the suction of the amine charge pump P-301 A/B. This
antifoam package is common to all sweetening trains.
Based on the LACQ Plant experience, the antifoam chemical is mixed with stabilized
hydrocarbon condensate in a storage drum 30-V-391. Sufficient amounts of
aromatic hydrocarbons are necessary in this condensates for a good dispersion of
the antifoam product.
A circulation pump 30-P-391 A/B ensures a sufficient liquid velocity in the

distribution line to prevent solid deposits. A normal injection flow rate, adjusted by
manual valve and controlled by a rotameter and a rapid injection flow rate through a
control valve operated from the control room panel are provided in each sweetening
train.
15
2.7.5 FLARE SYSTEM

A common flare header, Flare KO Drum (30-V-392) and flare blow down pumps (30-
P-382 A/B) are provided within B/L for trains of both, sweetening & dehydration
units. All the hydrocarbon vapors/liquids collected from vents and pressure relief
valves will go to the flare KO Drum (30-V-392) through the flare header. From
there the gas goes to the flare stack through an off-sites flare header. The liquid
collected from Flare KO. Drum (30- V -392) will be pumped through to slop tank
located in off-sites.
2.7.6 METHANOL SYSTEM
Methanol is used to prevent/melt away hydrate during upset conditions in the

sweetening unit. Methanol Pot (30-V-394) and methanol injection pumps (30-P-393
A/B) are provided for the sweetening unit. Discharge line goes to the pipe rack and
from there it is distributed to the unit.
2.7.7 FUEL GAS SYSTEM
A fuel gas K O. Drum (30-V-393) has been provided to separate entrained MDEA
from the flashed gas in LP fuel gas. The fuel gas from the drum joins the fuel gas
header and the MDEA is sent to the DA system of Gas Sweetening Unit on Level
control of 30-V-393.
Fuel gas for blanketing of MDEA tank is supplied from the dew point depressed
gas after pressure let down from HP-to-LP fuel gas through a backpressure control
valve (30-PCV-1553). Fuel gas for lean glycol stripping is taken directly from the
dehydrated gas line within Dehydration unit.
Presently fuel gas generated from MP flash drum (V-303 ) and degasser (V-402) of
GSU Ph I and II trains is routed through V-305 and V-306 (Vapor Compressor
suction KODs) to avoid possibility of any liquid carry over. (Ref. “Special Features
and Modifications” of the manual)
2.7.8 TURNDOWN RATIO
Equipment used in gas sweetening and dehydration units is as generally found in

petroleum and petrochemical plants. For example, trayed columns, gas-liquid
separators, pumps, compressors, heat exchangers and the like.
Generally, equipment performance decreases as the load reduces; but this decrease
will not be less than a minimum limit imposed by the design. For example:
16
Valve trays 25% of feed gas

- Lean amine pump (centrifugal-heavy duty) 35% of feed liquid
Overall turn down ratio to 40% of the design capacity can be obtained without any
special additions to the standard features of the equipment.
With this turn down ratio of 40%, design sweetening and drying performances will
be maintained, with an increase in the specific energy consumption.
17
2.8 CHEMICAL
2.8.1 CHEMICAL CONSUMPTION
The expected chemical consumption is given for the gas sweetening units at design
capacity (6.3 MMSM3/day of sour gas from slug catcher) and for 365 days/year.
Pure solvents
MDEA (methyldiethanolamine) 125 Tons/year x 2

TEG (Triethylene glycol) 27.5 Tons/year x 2
Antifoam
Typical consumption assuming the use of recommended product RM 411.

Pure product (RP-411) 875 kg/year x 2
Filter aids
Typical consumption is given assuming the use of cellulose as filter aid and a normal
frequency of filter wash (twice/week)
Pure cellulose : 1.5 tons/year x 2
Charcoal
Recommended quality : Type AC 40 (manufactured by CECA, France)

Typical consumption : 1.5 tons/year x 2
2.8.2 FIRST LOADS
CHEMICAL 2 TRAINS OF GAS SWEETENING

+ 2 TRAINS OF GAS DEHYDRATION
M.D.E.A. (PURE) 220.0 TONS
T.E.G. 80.0 TONS
CHARCOAL 1.0 TONS
ANTIFOAM 0.32 TONS
18
2.8.3 CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
These physical properties correspond to typical commercial products:
a) MDEA
b) Antifoam RP 411
c) Charcoal ACTI CARBON 40 d) Filter aid
a) MDEA (Methyl-di-ethanol-amine)
Chemical formula
CH2-CH2-OH
CH3-N
CH2-CH2-OH
Commercial product characteristics
- Molecular weight 119.16

- Purity 98.5% weight
- Color (pt. Co., Hazen) 100
- Density (20 C, NFT 60-101) 1039-1042 kg/m3
- Distillation 760 mmHg (ASTM D. 1078)
Initial point 235 oC
End point 255 oC
- Water content (Fisher) 0.5% weight
- Freezing point, C -21
- Flash point , C 126.7
- Refractive index 1.4678
Packing and delivery

Bulk or barrels.
b) Antifoam RP 411
Product manufactured by PHONE POULENC (France). This commercial product called

RHODORSIL ANTIFOAM 411 is a compound of dimethylpolysiloxanic oil.
- Appearance Cloudy liquid

- Color Pale grey
- Purity (active material content) 100%
19
- Solvents Aliphatic aromatic or Chlorinated
hydrocarbons - Density (20C) 1000 kg/m3
- Viscosity (20C) 100 cp

- Effective concentration 1 to 100 ppm of pure product
-Use in aqueous materials solvent 10% weight diluted in solvent
- Packing and delivery 5 or 25 kg drums
c) Charcoal AC 40
ACTI CARBON 40 is manufactured by CECA (France)
Chemical nature: charcoal
Characteristics
- Pellet diameter 1.8 mm

- Bulk density 450 kg/m3
- Specific heat 0.25 kcal/kg oC
- Pore volume 0.85 cm3/g
- Specific area 1150 m2/g
- Ash content 10% max.
Use
In a fixed bed for continuous filtration of lean amine solution (45C)
25 kg plastic bags
d) Filter aid
Type
Cellulose manufactured by EURO FILTER (France)
Characteristics
Packed fibers containing 100% cellulose
Use
In a pre-coat filter for continuous filtration of lean amine solution (45 oC)
50 kg balls
20
Gas Sweetening Unit -Process Description
2.9 UTILITY CONSUMPTION

PLANT : OIL AND NATURAL GAS CORP. LTD., HAZIRA
UTILITY SUMMARY
UNIT : GAS SWEETENING UNIT (CASE: 54kg/cm2a, 33 "'C)
JTI:M NO. SERVICE ELEC. STEAM(KG/CM2A) WATER RJEL AIR
POWER HP(33 KG) I MP(16KG) I LP(KG) I COND I LOSS C.W I D.W I SOFT I B.F.W GAS OIL N2 LA I P.A
KW KG/HR M'/HR NM'/HR KG/HR NM'/HR NM'/HR
37-E-302 LEAN AMINE COOLER 37
37-E-303 OVERHEAD CONDENSER 702
37-E-304 GENERATION REBOILER 27.0 -27.0
37-E-30 SOUR GAS HEATER 10 -10
37-E-306 SWEET GAS COOLER 47
37-T-301 LEAN AMINE STORAGE TANK 0,6 224
37-T-302 PRECOAT STORAGE DRUM 40
37-1'-301 LEAN AMINE CHARGE PUMP 836 3.2
37-1'-303 AMINE FILTER PUMP 8.0
37-1'-304 REFLUX PUMP 4.0
37-1'-306 C CONDENSATE PUMP 6.4
37-C-303 ABSORBER MP -24
FLARE HEADER O
INSTRUMENTS 200
HOSE STATION 170. 170.
TOTAL 84.4 37 -37 137.2 0.6 40 20 200
NOTE: THE VALUES WITH REPRESENT INTERMITTENT AND NOT INCLUDED IN TOTAL FIGURES.
21
Gas Sweetening Unit -Process Description
2.10 WASTE EFFLUENTS
Effluents discharged from the gas sweetening units consist of filter wash waters
coming from the amine pre-coat filter.
These waters contain the cellulose and the retained impurities (mainly iron
sulfide).
Typical effluent composition is as follows:
- Water 99.6 % weight

- Cellulose 2500 ppm
- Iron oxide 1500 ppm
- Traces of methyldiethanolamine
Liquid effluent flows down from filter into a pit to be pumped by a submerged
pump to the waste water treatment plant.
Effluent quantity to be treated,
It depends on filter cleaning frequency.
With a standard frequency of twice per week there is an average continuous

effluent flow for the 2 gas sweetening trains, each operating at its nominal
capacity.
22
Gas Sweetening Unit : Plant Start-up Procedure
3.1 NORMAL START-UP
23
Gas Sweetening Unit: Plant Start-up Procedure
3.1 NORMAL START-UP
3.1.1 GENERAL
During the course of operation of the plant, it will be necessary to start up all or
portions of the plant after shutting down for various reasons. After each
maintenance turn-around, the plant will have to be brought up from a
depressurized, ambient temperature state. Portions of the plant will have to be
restarted after a shutdown due to a mechanical malfunction or an operating
problem. None of these reasons will dictate as time-consuming an operation as the
initial start-up sequence presented in Section 4.1. A marginal amount of start-up
experience should enable the operators to carry out a number of the previously
described individual start-up steps simultaneously.
The following normal start-up sequence is recommended, with the understanding

that the judgment of the operators should dictate which of these steps are
required, and in what order based on the nature of the preceding shutdown. The
initial start-up instructions previously described should be referred to for
specific details.
3.1.2 RESPONSIBlLITIES
a) After any emergency or other shutdown, the foreman and the supervising
operator in charge, prior to initiating start-up orders, shall personally check
the unit to ensure that the unit is ready and safe to operate.
b) The supervisor shall be responsible for ensuring that adequate experienced

operator and craft coverage is provided for the start-up.
c) The supervising operator in charge shall be responsible for ensuring that:
1. The operations outlined in this instruction are performed properly.

2. The safety regulation are observed at all times.
3.1.3 START-UP PROCEDURE
a) In this procedure it has been assumed that the plant has been shutdown for a
short duration to allow maintenance on an equipment item or because of an
interruption to the feed supply. The unit at this stage is assumed to have been
fully pre-commissioned if necessary in accordance with pre-commissioning
instructions, has been purged of air, and re-pressurized to normal operating
conditions.
24
Gas Sweetening Unit : Plant Start-up Procedure
It is assumed that all the utility systems have been fully commissioned and are
available to the unit. That all instruments have been checked and are ready to
function in the automatic mode.
All piping and equipment in the unit should be lined up, and internal block valves and
isolation valves should be opened as necessary.
b) Prior to commissioning the units circulation, the amine filter package X-301 should
be first commissioned in accordance with the vendor's instructions. When the
package has gone through its complete cycle and a level is established in the sump,
commission the amine sump pump as necessary. Establish circulation to the amine
tank through the filters X-301, V-311, X-302 using the amine filter pump P-303.
c) A flow of amine should now be established from the tank through the absorber, the
rich amine flash drum to the regenerator using the lean amine charge pump.
d) The amine regenerator system should also be commissioned with operating

temperatures brought to the normal values.
e) The HP absorber should be commissioned at this point, and a flow of sour gas feed
to the unit established by initially opening the 2" by-pass around SDV-1101, and
slowly pressing the plant up.
f) The amine flows should now be established at design rates to the absorber C-301.
g) Check at this time that all levels and control valves are in stable operation before
establishing a flow of feed gas through the unit.
h) Slowly establish a flow of gas at 30% of design rates and flare the outlet gas steam
using PV-1220.
i) Check that the pressure controls on the rich amine flash drum PIC-1218 and the
amine regenerator PIC-1326 and 1327 are operating satisfactorily, and ensure that
there is an adequate gas flow to the flare to completely bum the acid gas produced.
j) The sweetened gas quality and the hydrogen sulphide content of the outlet gas
stream from the absorber should now be checked. Increase the flow rate of steam
to the regenerator reboiler as necessary to bring the outlet gas to specification,
and then commission the regenerator overhead temperature control TRC-1334 at
110 oC.
k) The flash gas from the rich amine flash drum V-303 should now be routed to the LP
fuel gas system, and condensate raw gas from the condensate fractionation unit can
be admitted.
25
I) A flow of acid gas to the Sulphur recovery unit may be now established by opening
PV-1327.
m) When the outlet gas is on specification, the throughput of the unit should be slowly
increased up to design levels dependent upon the availability of feed gas.
26
4.0 OPERATING PARAMETERS
4.1 GENERAL
4.2 OPERATING CONTROL POINTS
4.3 ADJUSTING OPERATING PARAMETERS
4.4 ABSORPTION
4.5 REGENERATION
4.6 FOAMING
4.7 FILTRATION
27
Gas Sweetening Unit-Operating Parameters
4.1 GENERAL
Any changes in the operation of the field treating units will directly affect the operation
of the plant.
Likewise, changes in the different units within the plant will mutually affect the other
units and ultimately require off-setting adjustments. Other changes which affect the plant
and require adjustments are the effects of seasonal changes, ambient temperatures, the
changes caused by the intensity of the sun's rays and the effect of rain or wind. These
cause temperatures to vary, resulting in changes in stream densities and viscosities. Tower
operation often displays cyclical effects due to day-v/s-night temperature changes. All of
these require adjustments in operation in order to produce products of a constant
specification.
However, excessively frequent operational adjustments or extremely large corrections are

undesirable as they will cause upsets which, in turn, will not allow operations to stabilize.
Change pressures and temperatures carefully and deliberately to avoid equipment damage
and operational upsets. Make small changes incrementally to avoid over controlling or
oscillating around control point. Always employ elaborate precautions to avoid air-
hydrocarbon mixtures in explosive ranges. Confirm that the flare systems are in continuous
operation to protect the plant by providing a rapid means of disposal of flammable
materials at all times.
Assign routine maintenance and lubrication schedules to all driven equipment as soon as
they begin operation. Regular inspections, lubricating schedules and preventive maintenance
are proven procedures for achieving peak operating efficiency and long trouble-free runs.
Inspect all units at frequent intervals and check the levels in all vessels, which have liquid
levels. Watch the operation of level controllers particularly during periods when changing
temperatures, foaming or other conditions exist that could upset the unit.
Normally, temperatures are the most dependable data in the plant. However, thermocouple
calibrations are subject to drift; therefore, before making drastic changes based on what
may be incorrectly reported temperatures, check the local mounted temperature indicators.
If required the thermocouples and other temperature instrumentation can be recalibrated.
The same reasoning applies to samples and their analysis. If a sample analysis appears to
vary widely from the previous results while all other data remain reasonably constant,
obtain a new sample before changing the operation.
Always secure good, representative samples using proper procedures and safe practices.
Good results depend on good samples. Regularly inspect operating exchangers and
equipment for deviations from normal, the condition of safety valves, and pressure, level or
flow regulating equipment. Pressure and temperature variations are reflected in product
compositions and affect product specifications.
28
Maintain a complete log and establish a regular sampling schedule. A smooth

operation of the plant requires that all units within the plant be under control at
all times. Alert understanding of all operations and the effect and relationship of
one unit to the other is necessary to accomplish this. A careful surveillance of all
control points, temperatures and pressures along with regular inspection of all
sections of the several units are essential to successful operation of the plant.
To prevent the build up of any condensate in the piping system upstream of E-307
it is necessary on a weekly basis to operate PV-1220 for approx. 30 seconds. This
weekly operation is to ensure that the system remains completely dry.
To perform this operation it will be necessary to put into service the steam
system of E-307 for approximately two (2) hours. This will ensure that any
condensate build up will vaporize.
When E-307 is completely warmed, open PV-1220 10% and leave in this position
for about 30 seconds. After 30 seconds close PV-1220 and shut down the steam
system to E-307.
4.2 OPERATING CONTROL POINTS
In normal operation, the following parameters should be regularly inspected:
a) Parameters subject to rapid changes
- H2S content in sweetened gas

- MDEA rates to absorber in case of variation of the feed gas rate(by H2S
content in rich amine)
- H2S content in regenerated amine
- Temperature difference between the inlet gas and the lean amine solution
- Pressure drop in absorbers and regenerators
- Level in the MDEA tank
b) Parameters subject to slow change
- Concentration and impurities content of the amine solution

- Filtration rate, pressure drop through filters
29
4.3 ADJUSTING OPERATING PARAMETERS
4.3.1 GENERAL
The operating parameters in general have to be set near to the calculated

conditions. However, to assure good performance of the sweetening units, the
following points have to be under careful observation and control:
4.3.2 LEAN SOLUTION QUALITY
a) Concentration
The concentration of MDEA solution has to be kept around 480 g/l.

Concentration above this does not adversely affect either the absorption
performance or the corrosion resistance of the materials of construction.
However, it could reduce the quantity of heat exchanged in the plate
exchangers, which in turn will cause an increase in reboiler duty.
A significant decrease in concentration will reduce the flow rate of MDEA,

and could reduce the de-sulfurization performances.
b) Acid content
Beside the concentration control, the acid gas content of the lean amine has
to be carefully controlled at 0.29 g/l H2S and 0.25 g/l CO2.
c) Flow rate
The degree of de-sulfurization is directly proportional to the lean solution

flow rate. Larger flow will result in a better de-sulfurization, up to the
hydraulic limits of the equipment.
d) Temperature
The cooler the amine solution, the better the de-sulfurization.
30
4.4 ABSORPTION
a) Hydraulic control
The hydraulic function of the absorber is monitored by the pressure drop

indication across the absorber. A stable pressure drop is an indication of a
good hydraulic performance of the absorber.
In case of significant fluctuation of the pressure drop, the anti-foam injection

must be started and the level of the liquid in the bottom of absorber has to
be reduced.
b) Insufficient H2S absorption
1. An insufficient number of trays: in this case we have to put more trays in

service by admitting lean amine at a higher feed point.
2. A lean solution which has not been sufficiently regenerated: this can be
proved by analyzing the lean solution; and if the H2S content of the
solution is more than 0.29 g/I, the operation of regenerator has to be
readjusted to increase the flow of stripping vapor.
3. A weak MDEA concentration: The amine flow control valve assures a

constant flow rate of lean amine solution to the absorber. In case of
decrease of MDEA concentration, the number of MDEA molecules, which
have to be in contact with H2S in the absorber, will be lowered. This
decrease in the number of MDEA molecules will result in insufficient H 2S
absorption.
To readjust the correct concentration, do as follows:
Stop water make-up to T-301 and check the concentration every 4 hours.
Once this has been done, add pure MDEA in the tank while controlling the
liquid level. To reduce the water content of the system, it is possible to
increase the temperature of the acid gas at the outlet of overhead
condenser E-303.
c) High CO2 absorption
This can happen when there is a major decrease in the feed gas flow rate. To
rectify this, situation, the number of trays has to be decreased and amine
solution quality (H2S and MDEA concentration) has to be checked.
31
If possible, the situation can be improved by reducing the feed gas and feed
liquid temperature to the absorber, keeping in mind that amine temperature
has to be a few degrees more than that of gas to prevent hydrocarbon
condensation and foaming.
4.5 REGENERATION
MDEA
The degree of regeneration from a process standpoint can be controlled only by

reboiler E-304.
If the H2S content of the lean amine is greater than 0.29 g/I, the regeneration
degree is not sufficient and so the top temperature of the regenerator has to be
increased.
In the reboiler, we have to prevent the overheating of amine solution. This is to

minimize amine degradation and also for limiting corrosion. In normal operation,
the amine temperature has to be kept below 130 oC.
4.6 FOAMING
Foaming in MDEA solutions can seriously upset the vessels containing MDEA levels.
The foaming can readily be detected by a change in level and a change in the
differential pressure across the columns.
Foaming in MDEA solutions can generally be attributed to (1) suspended solids and
corrosion products. (2) Liquid hydrocarbons, (3) organic acids that are naturally
occurring in the inlet gas, (4) surface active agents contained in compressor oils,
pump and valve lubricants, etc.
Foaming will reduce treating capacity and cause loss of MDEA solution. When
foaming occurs in the absorber, inject anti-foam as an immediate remedy at the
suction of the amine pump. Simultaneously lower the feed gas flow rate to achieve
a correct DP over the absorber column: meanwhile look for the causes of foaming
and eliminate them. The antifoam injection rate and frequency will be determined
during actual operation by the frequency and extent of foaming.
When foaming comes under control and when the rich amine flow rate from the
bottom of the absorber is stable, restore the normal feed gas flow.
Inject as much anti-foam as necessary to control the foaming but do not inject
more than necessary.
32
One of the more frequent causes of foaming is the absorption of liquid
hydrocarbons. This can usually be prevented by maintaining a temperature on the
MDEA of 5 oC to 10 oC above that of the gas inlet stream.
Other causes of foaming are the degraded amines or the dirt carried over to the
absorber by the feed gas. The following precautions help the prevention of
foaming:
- Test the amine solution regularly. If its color becomes dark and if the
suspended fine solid particles are seen, then the amine filters have to be
checked.
- Try to keep the reboiler temperature at around 128 oC and no more than 130 oC
to prevent amine degradation.
- Try to minimize the quantity of contaminant arriving with the feed gas.
If a foaming problem exists which cannot be corrected by continuous or

intermittent application of the anti-foam inhibitor being used, try other inhibitors,
preferably in the lab in advance, to find one that is applicable.
Considerable foaming is sometimes encountered during the initial start-up when

the MDEA system has not been thoroughly cleaned as described previously.
If the amine solution becomes heavily contaminated, it might become necessary to

shut down the unit and mechanically clean the bottoms of all the equipment. The
amine solution can be collected in V-307, and it is returned to circulation after
being filtered in X-301 when all the equipments have been cleaned out.
4.7 FILTRATION
MDEA
Observe the pressure differential across the MDEA filter at 4 hour intervals.
When this differential reaches 1 to 2 kg/cm2, it is time to clean and pre-coat the
filter.
The procedure to be used after the filtering cycle, for cleaning and backwashing
will be detailed in the vendor operating manual.
In order to reduce losses, the amine contained in the filter should be drained out
into the amine system. The filter cake should be washed out with condensate until
the remaining MDEA concentration is down to a 5% level.
The usual run between pre-coats is 3 to 6 days; however, this period will be much
shorter on the initial start-up. At times, it could be as short as only a few hours.
33
Gas Sweetening Unit- Plant Shutdown Procedures
5.0 PLANT SHUTDOWN PROCEDURES
5.1 GENERAL
5.2 PLANNED SHUTDOWN (SHORT DURATION)
5.3 PLANNED SHUTDOWN (LONG DURATION)
5.4 EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN
5.4.1 GENERAL
5.4.2 TYPE OF EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN
5.4.3 ACTION DURING EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN
34
5.0 GENERAL
A planned shutdown is a non-emergency shutdown such as annual turn-around.
As the gas sweetening units are connected with other upstream or downstream
units, the process supervisors of these units should be advised before any
scheduled shutdown.
During a shutdown, all equipment automatic isolation valves should be closed to

minimize the release of hydrocarbons. All precautions to be taken to prevent
vacuum formation in vessels/piping during draining operation.
Two types of normal shutdown (short duration and long duration) and purging
procedures are presented in this chapter. The major difference between the two
types of normal shutdown is that for the long duration shutdown, it is
recommended that all the equipments be completely drained and purged.
5.1 PLANNED SHUTDOWN (SHORT DURATION)
a) On a normal shutdown the feed to the unit should be slowly reduced in a

stepwise manner to minimize disturbances to the utility system and
downstream process units.
For shutdowns of very short nature, i.e. less than a shift, consideration should
be given to blocking in the unit and maintaining the amine circulation.
Provide ample top venting during the draining operation, or whenever the
vessel is being lowered in a vessel, to avoid pulling a vacuum on the equipment.
1. Slowly reduce the feed and amine flow rates (maximum reduction in steps of 5%
design flow). First reduce the feed (FV-1101) followed by the amine (FV-1104,
FV-1205). Reduce the amine circulation to 50% design and the feed flow to
30% design.
2. Put the condensate sour gas controller (FV-1102) on manual and slowly close
the valve. Isolate the sour condensate gas feed.
3. Change the overhead gas from C-303 to flare via PV-1218 and close off the
fuel gas header PV-1216. The MDEA flow via FV-1205 can now be reduced and
finally stopped.
35
4. Ensure there is a steam flow to E-307 then reduce the set point of PV1220 to
send treated gas to flare. When PV-1220 is venting gas, close MOV-1201.
5. Put PV-1101 and FV-1101 on manual control and slowly close PV-1101. When the
valve is closed then close MOV-1101.
6. Shut off the steam to E-301 A/B and the cooling water to E-306.
7. Reduce the level in V-301 to a minimum (LSLL-1114) then isolate P-306 A/B
and the H.C. condensate export. Similarly put LV-1218 on manual and reduce
the level in V-302 to a minimum. LSL-1221 will close SDV-1207 automatically to
stop the flow of condensate from V302 to V-303.
8. Reduce the amine circulation on FV-1104 to 30% design but continue to

circulate for a minimum of 2 hours or until the MDEA solution is completely
regenerated. Switch C-302 overhead gas to flare via PV-1326 and close of PV-
1327.
9. When the solution is regenerated, the steam flow to the reboiler E-304 should
be slowly reduced and the steam flow blocked in. The shutdown of the amine
circulation in GSUs will normally be carried out only at a total plant shutdown.
Ensure that the amine regenerator reflux pump P-304 is shutdown before the
level in the amine regenerator reflux drum falls sufficiently to shut its level
control valve.
10. As the regenerator C-302 cools down it may be necessary to inject fuel gas
into the column to prevent a vacuum forming.
11. For a short duration shutdown there should be sufficient pressure hold up in
C-301 to continue amine circulation for regeneration. However it may be
necessary to add fuel gas to the flash drum V-303 in order to maintain
circulation rates.
12. Continue 30% amine circulation until the solution is cool. Then stop the charge
pumps P-301 A/B.
13. All the flows on the overhead condenser E-303 and the lean amine cooler E-
302 A/B should be shut down at this time.
14.The amine filter package should be stopped to complete the normal shutdown
of the unit.
36
Note: On a shutdown it is recommended to clean the amine filters. Never leave

the filter X-301 standing empty with cake on it, as the filter cake will dry
and become very difficult to clean.
5.2 PLANNED SHUTDOWN (LONG DURATION)
It is assumed in this procedure that the outlines as described in the short

duration shutdown have been completed.
a) All equipment in the sweetening unit should be drained of amine, which may be
stored in the lean amine storage tank T-301 or transferred as necessary to
the bulk storage tank in the off-sites.
1. Drain the amine from the absorber C-301 into the amine flash drum V- 303.
Monitor the level carefully in the flash drum at this time to ensure that it
is not overfilled.
Drain C-301 via LV-1112 until the low level switch LSLL-1109 closes SDV-
1104. Thereafter the column must be drained to the sump drum; V-307.
Note:
1. If the amine solution is to be drained from equipment then the amine filter
package should not be shut down as mentioned in section 6.2 until all
draining is completed.
2. Using fuel gas, pressurize the amine in V-303 to the regenerator C-302
with level controller LV-1215 in manual. After draining as much as possible
in this manner close LV-1215, vent V-303 to flare and complete the draining
to sump drum V-307.
3. The amine should be drained as far as possible from the amine regenerator
back into the Amine Tank T-301. To facilitate this step, it may be
necessary to inject fuel gas or inert gas to the regenerator. During this
step, carefully monitor the amine level in the lean amine tank T-301. It may
prove necessary to pump amine to the off-site bulk storage tank.
4. Drain all vessels, filters, pumps, reboiler, exchangers, coolers and low points
in lines to the closed amine drain and then to MDEA sump drum V-307.
Inert gas pressurization and purging may be used to facilitate this step as
necessary. Block in the liquid lines from all vessels after draining.
5. Transfer amine from the MDEA sump, using amine drain pump P-305 to the
lean MDEA tank via the amine filter package.
37
The amine storage tank T-301 is of sufficient capacity to hold the entire
amine system inventory. Depending upon the purpose and nature of the
shutdown, amine can also be held in the regenerator and absorber.
6. If it is necessary to completely evacuate the system, T-301 will also have to

be drained. A check must be made at this time that the receiving tank can
accommodate the necessary volume.
7. Any liquid that cannot be routed to the hydrocarbon blow down, or amine
sewer, may then be emptied into the oily water sewer.
8. After depressurization to the flare pressure, using blinds and block valves
isolate any line or vessel that is to be entered. Then open the vents to
atmosphere and start steaming until the vessels are free of poisonous or
combustible mixtures.
Note: The equipment may be purged using the same procedure as section 3.5.2
(purging with steam) or using the following procedure:
Purging
1) After all liquid has been removed from the system and the, system has been
depressurized, the unit must be purged with steam to reduce the
hydrocarbon content to less than 0.5 vol.%.
2) Connect steam hoses from utility stations to the purge connections on all
equipment.
3) Open the steam connections and pressurize the unit to 3.5 kg/cm2a.
4) Depressurize the unit by opening the vents to the flare system and draining
any steam condensate to process sewer.
5) Close the vent connections when the pressure in the unit is reduced to
approximately 1.1 kg/cm2a.
6) Repeat previous steps three times more for a total of four

pressurize/depressurize cycles to achieve a hydrocarbon content of less
than 0.5 vol. %.
7) On the fourth depressurizing cycle, leave a pressure of 0.4-0.7 kg/cm2g on

the unit using inert gas.
38
8) Check hydrocarbon content throughout the unit with a portable analyzer. If

the hydrocarbon content is above 0.5 vol. %, depressurize to 0.1 kg/cm2g and
repeat steps until hydrocarbon content is less than 0.5 vol.%.
Note :Especially check die hydrocarbon content in dead ends of pipes and ensure
that the hydrocarbon in liquid lines is blown through. Any hydrocarbon
condensate accumulated in the vessels should be drained to the blow down
system.
9) When satisfied that all lines and equipment have been inertized, close all
connections to flare and leave lines and equipment that will not be opened
for maintenance, under a slight positive pressure with inert gas or nitrogen.
Steam should not be left in the system because it will condense and may pull
a vacuum on the vessels. These vessels should not be vented to atmosphere
because of the presence of pyrophoric iron, and it is recommended that
inert gas or nitrogen is introduced into the system for safety.
10) The spectacle blinds at the unit battery limits should be swung to their
closed position.
11) The gas sweetening unit, except the Flare and Blow down Systems is now
completely isolated and is ready for maintenance and inspection.
Note: Maintenance personnel shall not enter into any unit without proper oxygen
apparatus unless the unit has been purged entirely with air to displace all
inert gas.
5.3 EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN
5.3.1 GENERAL
Each train is equipped with a separate emergency shutdown system. Individual

systems can be later integrated with a general system covering all plant
emergencies. The shutdown system design depends on the selected control system
type, which is a central digital system.
All shutdown valve (SDV) actions are controlled by the central system for each
train. Operating procedures are described in the following section of this
procedure.
Generally speaking, main equipment such as pumps, compressors, reboilers, coolers

etc. can be stopped immediately without any mechanical damage.
39
The emergency system involves a complete automatic shutdown with complete

isolation, and possible depressurization. In case of emergency these shutdowns
can be initiated by operators from the control room.
Trains can also be partially stopped for process reasons.
In case of utilities failure, the general rule is to stop and isolate the train while
maintaining the gas pressure as long as possible in order to allow a fast restart of
the train.
5.3.2 TYPE OF EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN
Emergencies will generally require an immediate complete stoppage of operation

with at least part of the" plant shutdown and depressurized. In most instances
hydrocarbons must be de-inventoried to the maximum extent possible as
determined by the urgency. In some cases, the type of shutdown is complicated by
the emergency situation itself.
In many cases, this requires a split-second decision by the operator.
Conduct all emergency shutdowns in the most economical manner possible with
primary considerations for the safety of personnel, and secondary concern to
safeguarding the equipment. Less priority should be given for product quality.
Determine the cause of the emergency, including the exact situation. If possible
revert to a normal shutdown at the first opportunity.
A unit shutdown system is provided which can shut down all incoming gas, treated
and acid gas.
Emergency shutdowns may be caused by:
- Automatic shutdown resulting for example from a product or utility failure.

- Manual shutdown entailed by an emergency or to avoid an accident.
1. Automatic shutdown:
May be caused by a low flow of amine to the absorber.
2. Manual shutdown
Depending on the kind of trouble, the operators should be able to react at

different levels. Shutdown may be total by stopping only the lean amine pump.
This starts an automatic sequence, which isolates the unit.
40
Partial shutdown can be achieved by blocking the feed and exit gas; the amine
flow will still be in circulation.
3. Short duration stops
This may be caused by utility failure. In this case, the shutdown may be
automatic or manual.
Instrument air failure : The unit will automatically be stopped.
Steam failure : The regenerator reboiler stops, so the unit

should be manually stopped from the
control room.
Power failure : All pumps will be stopped and the unit will
be automatically stopped.
Cooling water failure : Regenerator top temp & Lean Amine temp
will be raised. So the unit should be taken
to short duration shutdown procedures.
5.3.3 ACTION DURING EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN
As mentioned in the previous section "Type of Emergency Shutdown", there are a

number of failure modes that will cause the Gas Sweetening Unit to go into a full
or partial shutdown.
The following procedures deal with the various shutdowns mentioned above.
Each full or partial shutdown has a number designated to it, an example being
which is a low level in the bottom of the absorber, C-301.
Utility failure has no number designated.
5.3.3.1 Low Level in Absorber C-301 (Interlock Signal No.1)
The following automatic action will take place upon LSLL-1109 being activated:
- Absorber bottoms shut-off valve SDV-1104 will close

Feed gas shut-off valves SDV-1101and SDV-1102 will close
Treated gas shut-off valves SDV-1205, SDV-1206 will close
Amine feed pumps P-301 A or B will stop
41
The following manual action should be taken by the control console operator:
- Put FIC-1309 into manual position and close FV-1309 - Trip SOV-1377 to ensure
the FV-1309 is closed. Steam is now isolated from the reboiler E-304
- Put FRC-1102 into manual position and close FV-1102
- Put PRC-1101 into manual position and close PV-1101
- Trip SOV-1216 to close the PV-1216
Depending upon the amount of time taken to get the plant back on stream, the
following actions may be taken.
- Low-level LAL-1221 in V-302 will cause S0V-1207 to close to protect the V-302
from running dry, depressurizing gas into the V-303.
Note: Operators must bear in mind that field manual reset type solenoid operated
valves (SOV) require that an operator go into the unit and manually reset
the valves that have been tripped. Except for FMR almost all solenoid
operated valves are CMR type.
5.3.3.2 Low Level in Feed Gas KG. Drum V-301 (Interlock Signal No.2)
The following automatic action will take place upon LSLL-1114 being activated:
- Hydrocarbon condensate pump P-306 A or B will stop.
- Hydrocarbon condensate shut-off valve SDV-1103 will close.
The following manual action will be taken when the level reaches normal in V-301.
- Manually reset SDV-l103.
5.3.3.3 Low Level in Feed Gas KG. Drum V-301 (Interlock Signal No.3)
The following automatic action will take place upon LSL-1106 being activated:
5.3.3.4 High Level in Inlet Gas KG. Drum V-301 (Interlock Signal No.4)
The following automatic action will take place upon LSH-1107 being activated:
- Hydrocarbon condensate pump P-306 A or B will start.
5.3.3.5 High Level in Rich Amine Flash Drum V-303 (Interlock signal No.5)
The following automatic action will take place upon LSHH-1224 being activated:
- Absorber bottoms valve SDV-1104 will close.
- Treated gas KO Drum V-302 condensate shut-off valve SDV-1207 will close.
42
The following manual action must be taken when the level in V-303 is back to
normal.
- Manually reset SDV-1104
5.3.3.6 Low Level in Treated Gas K.O. Drum V-302 (Interlock Signal No.6)
- Treated gas KO Drum V-302 condensate shut-off valve SDV-1207 will close.
The following manual action must be taken when the level in V -302 is back to
normal
5.3.3.7Low Amine Flow Rate to Absorber C-301 (Interlock Signal No.7)
The following automatic action will take place upon FSL-1104 being activated:
- Amine feed pumps P-301 A or B will stop.

- Treated gas shut-off valves SDV-1205 and SDV-1206 will close.
The following manual action should be taken by the operator:
- Trip SDV-1104 shut-off valve.

- Trip SDV-1216 to close PV-1216
For a restart of the Gas Sweetening Unit after the, above action has been taken,
the following action is to be taken:
- Restart the amine feed pumps P-301 A or B.,
- Manually reset shut-off, valve SDV-1104. Re-establish correct amine circulation
rates.
- Manually reset the treated gas shut-off valve SDV-1205 and SDV- 1206.
- Manually reset the fuel gas shut-off valve SDV-1216
5.3.3.8 Low Discharge Pressure at the Amine Feed Pumps P-301 A/B
(Interlock Signal No.8).
The following automatic action will take place upon PSL-1561 being activated:
- Amine feed pumps P-301 A or B will stop.
43
The following manual action must be taken by the operator:
- Trip SDV-1104 shut-off valve.

- Trip SOV-1216 to close PV-1216
For a restart of the Gas Sweetening Unit after the above action has been taken,
the following must be done:
- Restart the amine feed pumps P-301 A or B.

- Manually reset shut-off valve SDV-1104.
Re-establish correct amine circulation rates.
- Manually reset the treated gas shut-off valves SDV-1205 and SDV-1206.
- Manually reset the fuel gas shut-off valve PV-1216.
5.3.3.9 Low Level in Bottom of Regenerator C-302 (Interlock Signal No.9)
- Regenerator bottoms shut-off valve SDV-1309 will close.
The following manual action must be taken when the level in C-302 reaches normal
operating level:
- Manually reset SDV-1309 shut-off valve.
5.3.3.10 Low Level in Reflux Drum V-304 (Interlock Signal No. 10)
The following automatic action will taken place upon LSL-1334 being activated.
- Reflux pump P-304 A or B will stop.
The following manual action must be taken when the level in V-304 has returned
to normal.
Restart reflux pump P-304 A or B.
5.3.3.11 General Shutdown of the Unit (Interlock Signal No. 11)
The following automatic action will take place upon activation of the Emergency
Shutdown Push Button: 11
- Feed gas shut-off valves SDV-1101 and SDV-1102 will close,

- Treated fuel gas valve PV-1216 (SQV-1216) will close.
44
- H.C. condensate valve SDV-1103 will close.

- Acid gas valve PV-1327 will close.
- Absorber C-301 bottoms valve SDV-1104 will close.
- Lean amine valve SDV-1309 from the regenerator C-302 bottoms will close.
- LP steam valve FV-1309 to reboiler E-304 will close.
Amine feed pump P-301 A or B will stop.
The following manual action should be taken by the control panel operator:
- Shut-off all electric motor drives.
If the unit requires depressurizing, slowly open the following valve to flare.
PV-1220
PV-1218
PV-1326
Restart of the unit will depend on the reason that the Emergency Push Button was
activated. Depending upon the duration of the shutdown, refer to Section “Plant
Start-Up”.
45
Gas Sweetening Unit- Operational tips on GSU Operations
ALARMS AND TRIP SETTINGS
Instrument Tag No Description Alarm Setting Action

LSH-1104 V-301 Level High 2000 mm Alarm
LSL-1105 V-301 Level Low 300 mm Alarm
LSL-1106 V-301 Level Low 300 mm P-306 A/B Stop
LSH-1107 V-301 Level High 2000 mm P-306 A or B Stop
LSLL-1109 C-301 Level Low Low 300 mm SDV-1104 Close
SDV-1101 Close
SDV-1102 Close
SDV-1103 Close
SDV-1205 Close
SDV-1206 Close
P-306 A/B Stop
LSH-1110 C-301 Level High 1900 mm Trip
LSL-1111 C-301 Level Low 600 mm Alarm & Trip
LSLL-1114 V-301 Level Low 200 mm P-306 A/B Stop
SDV-1103 Close
LSH-1219 C-302 Level High 800 mm Trip SDV101,
SDV102, SDV205,
SDV206 Close and
P301A/B Stop
LSL-1220 C-302 Level Low 300 mm Alarm
LSL-1221 V-302 Level Low 300 mm SDV 1207 Close
LSHH-1224 V-303 Level High 1700 mm SDV-1207 Close
High SDV – 1104 Close
LSL-1328 C-302 Level Low 300 mm Alarm
LSL-1329 C-302 Level Low 300 mm SDV-1309 Close
LSH-1332 V-304 Level High 1000 mm Alarm
LSL-1333 V-304 Level Low 300 mm Alarm
LSL-1334 V-304 Level Low 300 mm P-304 A/B Stop
LSL-1549 T-301 Level Low 450 mm Trip
LAL-1103 V-301 Level Low 250 mm DCS Alarm
LAL-1112 C-301 Level Low DCS Alarm
LAH-1112 C-301 Level High DCS Alarm
LAH-1215 V-303 Level High 1700 mm DCS Alarm
LAL-1218 V-303 Level Low DCS Alarm
LAH-1218 V-302 Level High DCS Alarm
46
LAH-1223 V-302 Level High 900 mm DCS Alarm
LAH-1335 V-307 Level High P-305 Start
LAL-1335 V-307 Level Low P-305 Stop
LAL-1336 V-307 Level Low DCS Alarm
LAH-1336 V-307 Level High DCS Alarm
FAH-1101 Raw Gas Flow High 120% Design Alarm
FAL101 Raw Gas Flow Low 40% Design Alarm
FAL-1104 Lean Amine Flow Low 40% Design SDV1206/1205 Close
P301 A/B Stop
FAH-1104 Lean Amine Flow Alarm
High
FAL-1309 e-304 Steam Flow 70% Design Alarm
PAH-1116 Raw Gas Pressure Alarm
High
PAL-1117 Raw Gas Pressure Alarm
Low
DPAH-1113 C-301 Diff Press 0.25 kg/cm2 Alarm
PAH-1219 V-302 Pressure High 78 kg/cm2 a Alarm
PAH-1218 Fuel Gas Pressure 10.8 kg/cm2 a Alarm
High
PAL-1323 LP Steam Pressure 5.5 kg/cm2 a Alarm
Low
PAL-1561 P-301 Pressure Low 75 kg/cm2 P-301 A/B Stop
SDV-1205 Close
SDV-1206 Close
TAH-1106 Raw Gas Alarm
Temperature High
TAL-1106 Raw Gas Alarm
Temperature Low
TAL-1221C Treated Gas Alarm
Temperature Low
TAL-1333 Regenerator Top 95 0C Alarm
Temperature Low
TAH-1333 Raw Gas 120 0C Alarm
Temperature High
AAH-1201 Treated Gas 5ppm V Alarm
47
Gas Sweetening Unit- Operational tips on GSU Operations
GSU: Gas Sweetening Unit (Train, 31 to 38)
1. Process objectives:
1.1. To reduce the H2S content of sour gas (received from offshore & CFU off-gas)
to 4 ppmv (max) (Acceptable level of H2S for pipeline transportation by M/s.
GAlL) & at the same time, to limit the CO2 Co-absorption to the minimum
required and in any case, to not more than 32%.
2. Principle of operation:
2.1 Counter current absorption using aqueous solution of MDEA. (Methyl-diethanol-amine).
2.2 Regeneration of rich MDEA solution to lean MDEA solution in two stages.
2.2.1. Stage-I: Flashing at intermediate pressure in MP flash drum. To generate fuel
gas. (Release of physically absorbed hydrocarbons)
2.2.2 Stage-II: Re-boiling of Rich MDEA in regenerator to generate Acid gas,
which is sent to SRU. (Release of Acid components).
3. Parameters & Operating variables:
Operating parameters and variables affecting the absorption & regeneration

process are listed below:
Parameters / Range of Operation Comments

Variables
Absorption Section Less flow may lead to:
3
- Gas flow rate. 223 KNm /hr - Under utilization of train capacity.
Ph-IIIA: 262.5 KNm3/hr - More CO2 absorption.
Both at 76.4 Kg/cm2a More flow may lead to:
(max.) Absorption system - Tendency of foaming.
pressure. - More pressure-drop across the unit.
Turn down ratio: 40%. - Inadequate H2S absorption.
48
- Gas Pressure. 77 kg/cm2a Max system High absorption system press may lead to :
- Feed Gas pr - Max design pressure is 77 kg/cm2.
Temperature 54 kg/cm2 Min system pr. - Higher Hydrocarbon absorption in the
25o to 35oC at absorber amine and subsequent high fuel
inlet. gas generation.
Low absorption system Press may lead to :
- Inadequate H2S absorption.
- Reduction in overall control response
time, as the control valves tend to get
fully open.
Low temperature may lead to:

- Hydrates formation during pressure
reduction (hi pr operation).
High temperature may lead to :

- Fouling of E-306 & affect GDU
performance.
- Feed gas quality. Should be free from dirt Presence of dirt may lead to:
debris, corrosion product - Foaming and subsequent loss in
and oils etc. processing capacity, antifoam loss,
inadequate absorption and other related
problems.
- Lean Amine Flow 215 m3/hr to C-301 More flow may lead to:
005 m3/hr to C-303 - Energy loss
- MDEA loss due to carryover.
Ph-IIIA trains: - More CO2 absorption.
226.3 m3/hr to C-301 - Disturb column hydraulics and lead
019.4 m3/hr to C-303 to foaming.
Less flow may lead to:
- Lean Amine Amine injection Low temperature may lead to:

Temperature temperature should be - Condensation of HC from gas and
just above feed gas subsequent foaming.
temperature (by +5oC). High temperature may lead to:
Max. temperature of - Inadequate H2S absorption.
Amine solution is 43oC. - Fouling of E-306 & affect GDU
performance.
- Amine Injection Any of the five ROVs, Higher ROV may lead to:
ROV depending upon the outlet - Better H2S co-absorption but higher
49
H2S ppmv. CO2 absorption also.
- More pumping energy requirement.
- MDEA loss due to carryover.
- Disturb column hydraulics and
subsequent vibrations.
- Increase amine temperature.
- Variation of No variations High variations may lead to:

Column - Foaming.
pressure drop. Low or no variation:
- Indicate column stability and low
foaming tendency.
Lean Amine Quality Lower concentration may lead to:
- Concentration. 480 gm/l MDEA - Inadequate H2S absorption.
- More pumping energy loss.
- More fuel gas generation.
Higher Concentration may lead to:
- Reduce the quantity of heat
exchanged in PHE, which increases
re-boiler duty.
- Concentration of 0.29 gm/1 H2S (max.) More concentration may lead to:
CO2/ 0.25 gm/1 CO2(max.) - Inadequate H2S co-absorption.
H2S in Lean Amine
solution.
- Purity of Amine Clean High dirt content may lead to:
Solution. - Foaming.
- Frequent filter cleaning and pre-
coating.
REGENERATION of
Rich Amine. High flash pressure may lead to:
A > MP flash: - High hydrocarbon content in Acid gas to
- Pressure of MP 9.85 kg/cm2A SRU.
flash - Inadequate recovery of acid gas
absorbed hydrocarbon.
Low pressure may lead to:
- Higher fuel gas generation.
- Inadequate H2S absorption from
fuel gas.
B> Acid gas release 2.2 kg/cm2a High pressure may lead to:
- Pressure - Inadequate acid components stripping.
Low pressure may lead to:
- Difficulty in maintaining regenerator
level.
50
- Regeneration 130oC High temperature may lead to:
temperature - Degradation of amine and subsequent
dirt in system.
- Higher cooling duties of exchangers.
- Fouling of exchangers.
Low temperature may lead to:
- Inadequate regeneration of amine-
high acid components in regenerated
amine solution.
Amine filtration 1-2 kg/cm2 (max) High DP indicates:

system: - Filters require cleaning and pre-
- Pressure drop coating.
across filter
51
Gas Sweetening Unit- Special features and Modifications
1. Automatic pressurization of Regenerator of GSU train 31 with

fuel gas:
The system was installed in Feb’2000. Schematic diagram is placed

at sl no 1.
2. Modification in fuel gas header of MP flash drums in GSU- I

train:
Fuel gas lines from MP flash drums of trains 31, 32 and 33 have
augmented by laying additional 2” header. This is for avoidance of
back pressure on MP flash drums and to subsequent flaring.
Schematic diagram is placed at sl no 2.
3. Modification for minimum flow for MDEA injection pumps in

GSU I and II :
A minimum flow provision to the MDEA injection pumps of GSP Ph-

I and II has been made through 4” of control valve. The schematic
diagram is placed at sl no 3.
4. Sweet gas pressurizing to GSU trains of Phase-I and II.
One 4” sweet gas line from DPD outlet (at tap-off point for fuel
gas to co-gen) has been laid down joining GSU inlet of Ph-I and II.
This is for pressurizing and leak test of the trains. Schematic
diagram is placed at sl no 4.
5. Paralleling of Amine Coolers E-302A/B of GSU Phase-I and II

trains:-
Modification carried out in Sept 2001. Cooling water line to Amine

coolers (E 302A/B) has been modified for operation in parallel as
well. This enhances the heat duty. Schematic diagram is placed at
sl no 5..
6. Rerouting in fuel gas system of GSU/GDU of Phase-I and II

trains through suction KOD of vapour compressor:
52
Commissioned in June’2001. Fuel gas generated in GSU trains was

routed through KODs installed in GSU trains of Phase- I and II,
which were of very small capacity (0.65m3). The fuel gas generated
in GDU trains was directly joining to the fuel gas header from the
degasser itself. Because of smaller capacity of KODs/direct
routing of fuel gas from GDU trains, heavy carryover of liquid was
observed whenever there was any operational upsets in either
GSU or GDU trains. The total fuel gas header used to get filled up
with liquid and affecting downstream consumers of fuel gas like
KRU, boilers and incinerator. Due to carry over problem these units
sometimes had to be shutdown.
In order to avoid recurrence of the above problem, it was thought

of installing higher capacity KODs in the fuel gas streams of Ph-I
and II. The vapour compressor system installed along with GSU
trains of Phase-I and II trains are not in operation since last 10
years. Each train is having two numbers of KODs installed at the 1st
and 2nd stage suction of vapour compressor. They are designed for
7.5 kg/cm2 and 1430C, which are suitable for fuel gas system. Also
there are 26.5 m3 capacity, which is much higher than existing
KOD.
Suitable modifications in fuel gas system have been done by rerouting

the fuel gas from Ph-I GSU trains through V-306 of train 33. Similarly
the fuel gas from GDU trains of Ph-I is routed through V-305 of train-
33. The out let of these two vessels are combined before it joins the
common fuel gas header. In addition the liquid out let of V-305 is
connected to pure TEG header to recover TEG. Provision exists in V306
for recovery of MDEA. The vessels contain PT, LT, and LG, level
switches for high and low to monitor the operating parameters. The
vessels are having two numbers each of safety valves set at 7 kg/cm2.
On the same lines, the fuel gas system of Phase-II also modified
through the vessels V-305 and V-306 of train 34.
The modified drawings is enclosed at sl no 6 and 7..
53
7. Modification in Fuel Gas Header:
The fuel gas generated from MP flash drums of GSP units are
connected to main 10” FG header. The supply header from GSP Ph-II,
III and IIIA are of 2” size. Since the 2” header could not handle the
total fuel gas, redundant 4” boiler feed water header is used as an
additional header from GSP Ph-II, III and III-A to the main FG header
behind LPG recovery unit. The necessary modifications were done and
the header was commissioned in May 2002. The relevant drawing is
enclosed at sl no 8.
8. Modification of 31-LV-1112:
31-LV-112 has been modified to take care of high-pressure drop by

replacing it with 71-LV-1106 in June 2000.
9. Primary reduction valves (PV1101) at GSU inlet of trains 31, 32 and 33

which were of smaller size (6”) has been replaced with 12” size. This
helped in reducing pressure drop. Earlier 6” size was suitable for high-
pressure case where pressure drop envisaged was 18 kg/cm 2. High-
pressure conditions were never operated so far.
10. PV 1220 and PV 1228 of train no 37 & 38 of PH-IIIA is to close in case

of instrument air fail, but open in case of instrument power fail.
11. PV 1220 and PV 1228 of all other trains of GSU in PH-I & II are to
open in case of instrument Air and power fail.
54
SCHEMATICS OF
DIFFERENT
MODIFICATIONS
55
56
57
MODIFICATION FOR MINIMUM FLOW FOR MDEA INJECTION PUMP IN GSP –I & II
TO HP ABSORBER
( C-301 )
8” Ф
T-301
10” Ф
P-301 A 8”Ф
10” Ф
10” Ф 4”Ф
8” Ф
P-301 B
4”Ф
MINIMUM FLOW VALVE
EXISTING LINE
MODIFICATION LINE
58
SWEET GAS PRESSURISATION TO GSU TRAINS OF PH-I & II
14 “ Ф DPD OUT LET
2” , 600 #
2” x 6” , 150 #
FOR BLANKETING
2” x 3” , 600 #
SOUR GAS FROM MOV 1½” Ф

SLUG CATCHER V 16” Ф
TO GSU TRAINS
16”Ф SDV
EXISTING LINE
MODIFICATION LINE
59
60
GSP PHASE I& II – REROUTING OF FUEL GAS THROUGH SUCTION KOD OF VAPOR COMPRESSOR
2” Ф
2” Ф
3” Ф
PV-216
2” Ф 4” FG HEADER
PURE TEG
2” Ф
V V
V
306 303
305
2” Ф
PCV-110 existing line
MODIFICATION LINE
61
GSP PHASE II
3” Ф
3” Ф
3” Ф
PV-216
2” Ф FG HEADER
PURE TEG
2” Ф
V
V V
364
305 306
2” Ф
PCV-110 EXISTING LINE

MODIFICATION LINE
62
63
SWEET GAS
TO GDU FUEL GAS
T: 39 °C ACID GAS
MOV 201 SDV 206 FLARE
F: 168 kNm3/Hr PV 216 TO SRU
L.P STEAM FLARE
PV 326 PV 327
T: 39°C T: 44°C PV 218
FLARE V-302
T:43oC
E-307 E-306 2
P:1.1 kg/cm
PV 220 T:110oC T:47oC
LVL:20% FV 205
C-303
E-303
SDV 307 LV 218
V-304
ROV1
V-310
ROV2 V-303 FL:8.6 m3/HR
LVL:40%
ROV3 T:46 oC
LOCAL LV 330
ROV4
DRAIN LV 223
ROV5 LVL:40% P-304

C-301 T:42 oC L.P STEAM
T:104.5 oC FL: 20T/HR
LV 215 C-302 P:7.9 kg/cm2
T:173 oC
T: 34°C E-301
F: 175kNm3/Hr
T:59.5 oC
OFF-GAS
FROM CFU
FV
104
E-304
P: 59 kg/cm2
SDV 102 FV 102
L.P STEAM TV T:130 oC
E-302 558
TV 106
SDV
SOUR GAS 104
INLET LVL:54% T:49 oC
V-301 SDV 309
P: 60kg/cm2 MOV 101 SDV 101 PV 101 FV 101 LV
T: 33°C LVL:52%
E-305 P: 61.2kg/cm2 LV 112 327
T: 35°C
V-309
TO LVL:95%
CFU
V-308 SDV 103 BLANKETING LOCAL
GAS DRAIN LV 337
FV
521
LOCAL
FV 522
DRAIN V-311
LV 101
T-301 X-302
T: 49°C
F: 180 m3/Hr P-305
LVL:40% TO
X-301
T-301
GSU P-301A/B
P-303 T-302 V-307
ANTI-FOAM
P-308
64
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET
(N-METHYL DIETHANOLAMINE (MDEA)
1. CHEMICAL IDENTITY Regulated Identification
Chemical Name N –Methyl Diethanol Shipping name Fire fighting
Amine (MDEA) Chemical
Synonyms N-di (2-Hydraxyethyl) – Codes/Label
N- METHYLAMINE
Trade Name Hazardous Waste
Chemical Classification Hazchem Code
Formula CH3-3(CH2-CH2-OH)2 Hazardousclassification
Hazardous Ingredients C.A.S.No. C.A.S. No. 105-59-9
1. N –Methyl Diethanol 105-59-9 U.N. No.
Amine
Hazardous Ingredients C.A.S.No.
2.PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL DATA Physical state

Boiling Pt/Range 247ºC (477ºF) Vapour Pressure 0.001at 20ºC
@35C
Melting/Freezing Pt. -21ºC (-5.8ºF) pH
Vapour Density (Air =1) 4.1 Appearance Colourless to light
yellow
Specific Gravity (Water =1) 1.04189 at 20ºC Odour Slight amine like odour
119.16
Solubility, In water at 30ºC Infinitely soluble Others(Molecular wt)
3.FIRE /EXPLOSION HAZARD DATA Flammability

Auto ignition TemperatureºC N/A TDG Flammability
Explosion sensitivity to LEL
impact
Explosion sensitivity to static UEL
Electricity
Hazardous combustion Flash Point ºC 136ºC(CC)
products
Hazardous Polymerization Will not occur Flash Point ºC
Oxidiser Combustible Liquid
Organic Peroxide Flammable Material
Corrosive Material Pyrophoric Material
Others Explosive Material
4. REACTIVITY DATA Chemical stability - Stable under ordinary conditions of use and storage.
Darkens on exposure to air or light . Burning may produce CO, CO2, nitrogen
oxides.
Incompatibility with other
material
Reactivity
Hazardous Reaction Prods.
5. HEALTH HAZARD DATA 6) Routes of Entry :

Effects of Exposure/ Inhalation : No adverse effects expected since MDEA has a low vapor pressure.
Symptoms Ingestion : May cause burns in the mouth, pharynx & esophagus, abdominal pain,
Nausea, vomiting & diarrhea. Skin contact : May cause irritation, redness & pain
especially on prolonged or repeated contact. Eye contact : Corrosive, contact causes
severe irritation, burns, redness & pain. May cause irritation, redness, Pain & corneal
damage.
LD50 (oral – Rat) NFPA Hazard Signals
Permissible exposure limit Health 2
TLV (ACGIH) Flammability 1
STEL Reactivity 1
Odour Threshold Special -
IDLH
(N-METHYL DIETHANOLAMINE (MDEA )
6. PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Personnel Protective Equipment
Handling &Storage Precautions Keep in a tightly closed container, Store in a cool, dry ventilated area. Protect
against physical damage isolate from any source of Heat or ignition. Avoid contact
with copper & copper alloys. Material is suitably handled in stainless steel
equipment. Do not use aluminum for storage of aqueous solution, outside or
detached storage is preferred. Isolate from Acidic materials. Do not store above
43ºC (110 ºF)
7. EMERGENCY/ FIRST AID MEASURES : Inhalation : Not expected to require first aid measures. Ingestion : If
swallowed, Do not induce vomiting. Give large quantities of water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Get medical attention immediately.
FIRE
Fire Extinguishing Media Fire extinguishing media : Dry chemical, alcohol foam or carbon dioxide, water spray
may be used to keep fire exposed materials cool. Water or foam may cause frothing.
Special Procedure Special Information : In the event of a fire, wear full protective clothing & self
Unusual Hazards contained breathing apparatus.
Exposure
First Aid Measures/Emergency Treatment –
Eyes : Use chemical safety goggles and / or a full face shield where splashing is possible. Maintain eye
wash fountains & quick drench facilities in work area.
Antidotes/Dosages : --
SPILLS
Steps to be Taken
Waste Disposal Method Whatever cannot be saved for recovery or recycling should be managed in an
appropriate and approved waste disposal facility.
8. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION/REFERENCES
Label Hazard warning : Harmful if swallowed. Causes skin irritation and severe eye irritation. Avoid contact with eyes, skin
& clothing. Wash thoroughly after handling. Avoid breathing vapour. Keep container closed. Use with adequate ventilation.
Label first aid : If swallowed, do not induce vomiting. Give large quantities of water. Never give anything by mouth to an
unconscious person. Remove contaminated clothing & shoes. Wash clothing before reuse. If inhaled, remove to fresh air. In
case of contact, immediately flush eyes or skin with plenty of water for at least 15 mins. If not breathing, give artificial
respiration. In all cases, get medical attention.
9. MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS DATA
Contact Person in case of Emergency
Name of Firm : Advance Petrochemicals Ltd, 167, PIRANA ROAD, PIPLAJ, Ahmedabad -382 405
Phone (091)-7925715196, 25711218, Fax – 091-79-25710027
10. DISCLAIMER
Information contained in this MSDS is believed to be reliable but no representation, guarantee of warranties of any kind are
made as to its accuracy, suitability for a particular application of results to be obtained for them. It is up to the user to ensure
that the information containing in the material safety data sheet is relevant to the product manufactured/handled or used by
him as the case may be. Helps makes no warranties expressed or implied in respect of the adequacy of this document for
any particular purpose.
11. Abbrevations
C.A.S. No. Chemical Abstracts Service
U.N. No. United Nations Number– Identification of Materials during transportation
LD50 (Oral-Rat) Lethal Dose=50,(LD-50, Specify Laboratory Animal species & Routs for Tests)
STEL Short-Term Exposure Limit-Max. Concentration
TDG Flammability Transport of Dangerous Goods Flammability, Classification by United Nations
ACGIH American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
TLV Threshold Limit value
LEL Lower Explosive Limit – Lowest Concentration
UEL Upper Explosive Limit- Highest Concentration
TWA Time Weighted Average Exposure Limit
PPM Parts per Million
IDLH Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health, Indicates Maximum concentration
Mg/m3 Milligrams(mg) of a material per cubic metre (m3) of air.
(HYDROGEN SULPHIDE)
Chemical Name HYDROGEN Shipping name Hydrant Sulphide
SULPHIDE Liquified
Synonyms SPLUTTERED Codes/Label Flammable gas,
HYDROGEN Class-2
Trade Name -- Hazardous Waste ID. NO. 6
Chemical Classification Inorganic Gas Hazchem Code 2 WE
Formula H2S Hazardousclassification
1. Hydrogen Sulphide 7783-06-4 U.N. No. 1053
Hazardous Ingredients C.A.S.No.
2.PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL DATA Physical state Gas

Boiling Pt/Range -- Vapour Pressure 15200 @ mm Hg at
@35C 25.5ºC
Melting/Freezing Pt. 82.8ºC pH Not Pertient
Vapour Density (Air =1) 1.189 Appearance Colourless
Specific Gravity (Water =1) 0.916 at - 60ºC Liquid Odour Odour of rotten eggs
Solubility, In water at 30ºC Soluble Others Soluble in Gyecrol,
Crude Oil
3.FIRE /EXPLOSION HAZARD DATA Flammability YES

Auto ignition TemperatureºC 260ºC TDG Flammability 2
Explosion sensitivity to Stable LEL 4%
impact
Explosion sensitivity to static Not available UEL 46%
Electricity
Hazardous combustion Emits toxic fumes of Flash Point ºC --
products SOX
Hazardous Polymerization Does not occur Flash Point ºC --
Oxidiser NO Combustible Liquid YES
Organic Peroxide NO Flammable Material YES
Corrosive Material NO Pyrophoric Material NO
Others -- Explosive Material NO
4. REACTIVITY DATA Chemical stability - Stable

Incompatibility with other oxidizers Metals
material
Reactivity Vigorous reaction with metal powders, incandescent reaction with chromium
Tri-oxide. Reacts violently with NI3NF3 P-Bromo-Benzene-Diazonium chloride
Acetaldehyde etc. Mixture of Hydrogen Sulphide & Air may explode violently.
Hazardous Reaction Prods. Reacts with 4-bromobenzene diazonium chloride to form an explosive product.
5. HEALTH HAZARD DATA Routes of Entry :Inhalation, Skin and Eyes

Effects of Exposure/ Inhalation : if high concentrations are inhaled, hyperpnoea & respiratory symptoms
Symptoms Paralysis may occur very High concentration may produce pulmonary edema. Skin &
Eyes : Causes severe irritation .Emergency Treatment : Inhalation : Remove the
victim to fresh air area. Provide respiration or oxygen if needed. Eyes : Irrigate with
plenty of water for 15 mins. Skin : Remove the contaminated clothing and wash the
affected area with plenty of water & soap. Seek medical aid immediately.
LD50 (oral – Rat) Not available NFPA Hazard Signals
Permissible exposure limit 10ppm Not 14 mg/m3 Health 3
TLV (ACGIH) 0.5 ppm 14 mg/m3 Flammability 4
STEL 2,15 ppm, 21 mg/m3 Reactivity 0
Odour Threshold 0.0047 ppm Special -
IDLH
(HYDROGEN SULPHIDE)
Personnel Protective Equipment Avoid contact with gas. Provide rubber framed side covered,
goggles respirator, rubber hand gloves, over-clothing & shoes
Handling &Storage Precautions Keep in a cool, dry, well ventilated area. Away from oxidizing
Agents
7. EMERGENCY/ FIRST AID MEASURES

FIRE
Fire Extinguishing Media Alcohol Foam, CO2, DCP
Special Procedure Keep the container cool by spraying water if exposed to heat or flame.
Unusual Hazards Flash back along vapour trail may occur.
Exposure
First Aid Measures/Emergency Treatment –
Inhalation : Remove victim to fresh area, Provide artificial respiration or oxygen, if needed.
Eyes : Irrigate with plenty of water for 15 mins.
Skin : Remove the contaminated clothing and wash the affected area with plenty of water &
Soap. Seek medical aid immediately.
Antidotes/Dosages : Not available.
SPILLS
Steps to be Taken Shut off leaks if without risk
Waste Disposal Method If in the liquid form, allow to vapourise. In case of gas leakage, pass
through Recl3 solution with a trap in line for prevention of back
siphoning,. Place cylinder in or near hood and leave bleed off.
LC50- 444 ppm/4H (inh-rat) – Extremely hazardous, poisonous & flammable gas. An asphyxiate. Low concentratory 20-150
ppm causes irritation of eyes. Slightly higher concentration may cause irritation of upper respiratory tract. Exposures of 800-
1000 ppm may be fatal in 30 mins. Higher concentrations are instantly fatal. H2S poisoning occur even more rapidly than
that of HCN. Potentially explosive reaction into copper + Oxygen. Explosive reaction when heated with Perchlory Fluoride
(above 100ºC ). Explodes when in contact oF2, Hcl3, Br2, F5, CLF3, CL2o & silver fulminate.
Name of Firm
10. DISCLAIMER
11. Abbrevations
(NAPHTHA)
Chemical Name NAPHTHA Shipping name Gasoline
Synonyms Petroleum Naphtha Codes/Label 33/Class 3,
Coal Tar Flammable Liquid
Chemical Classification Solvent
Trade Name Hazardous Waste 5
Chemical Classification Hazchem Code 3YE
Formula A complex mixture of Hazardous
Hydrocarbon Classification
1. Naphtha 8030-30-6 U.N. No. 1255
2. Hazardous Ingredients C.A.S.No.
3
4
2.PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL DATA Physical state Liquid @ 15ºC & 1atm

Chemical Name Vapour Pressure Not available
Boiling Pt/Range 35ºC to 205ºC pH Neutral
Melting/Freezing Pt. Not available Appearance Darkstraw coloured
to colourless
Vapour Density (Air =1) 2.5 to 4.8 Odour Petrol like Odour
Specific Gravity (Water =1) 0.69 to 0.78 gm/1 @ Others Soluble in Benzene
20ºC Toluene Xylene
Solubility, In water at 30ºC Insoluble in water,
Floats on water

Auto ignition TemperatureºC 229- 293ºC TDG Flammability 3
Explosion sensitivity to impact Stable LEL 1.10%
Explosion sensitivity to static May Explode UEL 5.90%
Electricity
Hazardous combustion products Acrid smoke & irritating Flash Point ºC -20 - 50ºC (OC)
fumes
Hazardous Polymerization Will not occur Flash Point ºC NA (OC)
Others NO Explosive Material NO
4. REACTIVITY DATA Chemical stability Stable

Incompatibility with other Incompatible with strong oxidizers
material
Reactivity Does not react with common materials but may react with oxidizing agents
Hazardous Reaction Data Not available
Products
5. HEALTH HAZARD DATA Routes of entry : Inhalation, Ingestion Skin & Eyes
Effects of Inhalation : Can causes consciousness which may go to coma, Strentorious breathing
Exposure/Symptoms & bluish tint to the skin. ingestion : In mild form, intoxication resembles drunkeness.
Sometimes headache, lack of appetite, dizziness, sleeplessness, Indigestion & nausea.
Chemical pneumonitis results if aspirated during ingestion of while vomiting. Can
causesyestemic effects after repeated exposure. Skin : Causes Irritation, Prolonged
contact will dry & defat skin with dermatitis. Eye : Imitation
LD50 (oral – Rat) Not listed mg/kg NFPA Hazard Signals MF=16
Permissible exposure limit 300 ppm 900 mg/m3 Health 1 HC =18.0 BTU/lbx103
TLV (ACGIH) 300 ppm 900 mg/m3 Flammability 3 Molecular Weight
STEL 500 ppm 1500mg/m3 Reactivity 0
Odour Threshold 0.25 ppm 1300 mg/m3 Special 0
(NAPHTHA)
Personnel Avoid contact with liquid or vapours
Protective Equipment Hand gloves, Gas Mask. PVC Suit
Handling &Storage Keep in cool, well ventilated area away from heat flame or Oxidisers.
Precautions Keep the containers tightly closed as the vapour fumes when exposed
to air.

FIRE
Fire Extenguishing Media Dry Chemical powder, CO2, Foam
Special Procedure Keep the containers cool, spraying water if exposed to fire
Unusual Hazards
Exposure Flashback may occur along vapour trail
First Aid Measures/Emergency Treatment
Inhalation : Remove the victim to fresh air area. Apply artificial respiration or Oxygen if needed
Ingestion : Seek medical aid immediately, Skin : Remove the contaminated clothing and wash the affected
areas with plenty of water & soap
Eyes : Flush with plenty of water for 15 mins. Seek medical aid immediately without delay
Antidotes/Dosages Baking soda in glass of water
SPILLS
Steps to be Taken Collect leaking product into closed container. Use water spray to dilute
the vapours. Prevent run-off from entering into sewer. Shut off leaks if
no risk involved . Cantain/absorb spillage in earth/sand. Eliminate all
source of ignition. Ventilate the area.
Waste Disposal Method Collect all the waste in vapour tight plastic bags for eventual disposal.
Emergency treatment : Remove victim to fresh air. Give artificial respiration, if required, Remove contaminated clothing
quickly. Do not induce vomiting if ingested. Keep patient warm and quit. Olive oil or any other vegetable oil should be given
orally to retard absorption of naphtha.

Name of Firm
10. DISCLAIMER
11. Abbrevations
(METHANOL)
Chemical Name METHYL ALCOHOL Shipping name Methanol
Synonyms Methanol, Wood Codes/Label Flammable Liquid,
Alcohol Wood spirit, Class-3
colonial Spirit
Trade Name Hazardous Waste ID NO. 17
Chemical Classification Alcohol Hazchem Code 2PE
Formula CH3OH Hazardous
Classification
1. Methyl Alcohol 67-56-1 U.N. No. 1230
2. Hazardous Ingredients C.A.S.No.
3
4
2.PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL DATA Physical state Liquid

Chemical Name 64.5ºC Vapour Pressure @35ºCC100mm Hg
@35C at 21.2ºC
Boiling Pt/Range -97.8ºC pH Neutral
Melting/Freezing Pt. 1.1 Appearance Colourless, Watery
Vapour Density (Air =1) 0.79 Odour Alcoholic Odour
Specific Gravity (Water =1) 20ºC(liqu.) Others Miscible with Ethanol,
Ether, Benzene, Ketones
Solubility, In water at 30ºC
& other Organic Solvents

Auto ignition TemperatureºC 463.8 TDG Flammability 3
Explosion sensitivity to Stable LEL 6.00%
impact
Explosion sensitivity to static Vapours are explosive UEL 36.5%
Electricity
Hazardous combustion Emits acrid smoke & Flash Point ºC 16.1 (OC)
products imitating fumes
Hazardous Polymerization Will not occur Flash Point ºC 12.2 (OC)
Others Explosive Material NO
4. REACTIVITY DATA Chemical stability Stable

Incompatibility with other strong Oxidisers, Berylium Dihydride, Metals (K Mg), Carbon Tetrachloride + Metal (Al.
material Mg. Zn.), Dichloromethane, Oxidants
Reactivity Violent reaction with Alkyl Aluminium salts, Acetyl Bromide, Chloroform + NaOH, CrO3,
Nitric Acid, HCIO4, P2O3
Hazardous Reaction
Products
5. HEALTH HAZARD DATA Routes of entry : Inhalation, Ingestion Skin & Eyes
Effects of Skin & Eyes : Exposure to vapours causes eye irritation, headache, fatigue,
Exposure/Symptoms drowsiness, High concentration can produce central nervous sytem depression and
optic nerve damage. 50000 ppm will probably cause death in 1-2 hrs. Can absorb
through skin ingestion : Sweeling may cause death or eye damage.
LD50 (oral – Rat) 5628 mg/kg NFPA Hazard Signals MF=16
Permissible exposure limit 200 ppm(skin) Health 2 HC = 8.6 BTU/lbx10-3
TLV (ACGIH) 200 ppm(skin) Flammability 3 Molecular Weight
STEL 250 ppm(skin) Reactivity 0 32.1
Odour Threshold 100 ppm Special 0 Conversion
IDLH 6000 ppm 1 ppm = 1.31 mg/m3
(METHANOL)
Personnel Avoid contact with liquid or vapours
Protective Equipment Provide air-supplied respirator, (Do not use organic cannister Mask),
Wear boots, Safety goggles, protective appron and rubber gloves.
Provide eye wash and basin nearby.
Handling &Storage Store away from heat, ignition source, sparks, Keep away from heat
Precautions and flame.

FIRE
Fire Extenguishing Media CO2 Dry chemicals powder, Alcohol Foam, Water Mist/Fog.
Special Procedure Keep the containers cool by spraying water if exposed to heat or flame.
Unusual Hazards Containers may explode in fire.
Exposure
First Aid Measures/Emergency Treatment
Inhalation : Remove the victim to fresh air area. Seek Medical Aid Immediately
Skin : Remove the soak clothes and wash the affected area with plenty of water and soap
Eyes : Immediately wash with plenty of water for 15 minutes
Antidotes/Dosages Baking soda in glass of water
SPILLS
Steps to be Taken Shut off leaks if without risks. Drench with water
Waste Disposal Method Seal all waste in vapour tight plastic bags for eventual disposal
A human poison by ingestion. Poison also by skin contact. The main toxic effect is extended to the nervous system,
particularly optic nerves and Ratina, which may lead to permanent blindness. Once absorbed, it is slowly eliminated, Coma
by severe exposure may lost for 2-4 days. Person with eye, liver, kidney & lung problem should avoid contact. Periodic
medical check up is recommended. Dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame and oxidizers.

Name of Firm
10. DISCLAIMER
11. Abbrevations
H2S SAFETY:
Although Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S) is dangerous, deadly gas, its
effects are controllable and generally reversible, provided
appropriate action is taken in time.
Characteristics and properties of H2S
 H2S gas is toxic, irritant and asphyxiate. It is colourless, which at low concentrations is
accompanied by rotten egg odour.
 Detection of H2S, solely by smell is highly dangerous as sense of smell is rapidly
paralyzed by H2S.
 It is more toxic than carbon monoxide and almost as toxic as Hydrogen cyanide gas.
 Heavier than air, specific gravity 1.189. Vapours may travel considerable distance to a
source of ignition and forms an explosive mixture with air in concentration between 4.3
and 46 % by volume.
 It has Auto ignition point of 260 degree centigrade.
 Burns with blue flame and evolves S02, which also is very toxic.
 Threshold Limit value - Time weighted average - 10 ppm.
 Threshold Limit value - Short Term Exposure limit - 15 ppm
 Corrosive to all electro-chemical series metal
 Soluble in water, alcohol, petroleum solvents and crude petroleum
 Agitation or temperature increase produces toxic liberation.
 Melting point (-) 85.5 Degree Centigrade, Boiling point (-) 60.4 Degree centigrade.
 Molecular weight: 34.08: Heat value: 3820 Cal/Kg.
Toxicity of H2S and effects:
10 ppm = 1/1000 of 1% - can smell, safe for 8 hours exposure
100 ppm = 1/100 of 1% - Kills smell in 3 to 15 mins, may sting eyes and throat.
200 ppm = 2/100 of 1% - Kills smell shortly, stings eyes and throat.
500 ppm = 5/100 of 1% - Loses sense of reasoning and balancemRespiratory paralysis within
30 to 40 mins.Needs prompt artificial Resuscitation.
1000 ppm = 1/10 of 1% - Unconsciousness at once. Permanent brain damage, if not rescued
promptly.
Effects of H2S on personnel:

It depends on:-
a) Duration b) Frequency c) Intensity d) Individual susceptibility
H2S goes in to the blood through lungs. To protect itself, body oxidizes the H2S, which body
cannot oxidize, builds up in blood and individual becomes poisoned. The nerve centers in the
brain which controls breathing are paralysed. The lungs stop working and the person
asphyxiated. Other lower levels of exposure may cause the following symptoms individually or
in combination:
1) Headache 2) Dizziness 3) Excitement 4) Nausea 5) Coughing 6) Drowsiness
7) Dryness and sensation of pain in nose, throat and chest.
Maintenance in H2S environment / opening of equipment containing H2S

1. Established work-procedure is to be followed.
2. Where the equipment can not be totally depressurized, (e.g. connections to flare headers),
the pressure be reduced to and maintained at the lowest practicable level.
3. Any cleaned material from vessels/tanks handling H2S or sulphide compound e.g. mercaptan
etc. shall be suitably disposed in wet condition, as these materials can catch fire in dry
condition.
4. It should be noted that equipment which has contained H2S may contain iron sulphide. This
is known as Pyrophoric Iron Sulphide Fire. As this has auto-ignition temperature almost equal to
the ambient temperature, in the dry state, iron sulphide can spontaneously ignite in an oxygen
containing atmosphere and appropriate precautions ( like keeping it water wet etc.) need to be
taken.

Gas Sweetening Unit Operation Manual

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Gas Sweetening Unit Operation Manual

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HZR/ISO/DIO/GS 001

GAS SWEETENING UNIT

OIL & NATURAL GAS CORPORATION LTD.

2.0 PROCESS DESCRIPTION - 09 - 22

MDEA Process Principles

3.0 PLANT START UP - 23 - 26

4.0 OPERATING PARAMETERS - 27-33

5.0 PLANT SHUTDOWN PROCEDURES - 34-45

Plant Shutdown (Short duration)

7.0 OPERATIONAL TIPS - 48-51

8.0 MODIFICATIONS - 52-54

9.0 SCHEMATICS OF DIFFERENT MODIFICATIONS - 55- 63

11.0 MSDS - 65-82

12. H2S SAFETY - 83-84

1.2 DESIGN BASIS

1.2.1 DESIGN CAPACITY

1.2.2 GAS FEEDSTOCK SPECIFICATIONS

1.2.3 PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS

1.2.4 UTILITY SPECIFICATIONS

Nos. of trains Capacity

Phase-I Three trains 5.6 x 3 MMSCMD

1.2 DESIGN BASIS

1.2.1 DESIGN CAPACITY:

1.2.2 GAS FEEDSTOCK SPECIFICATIONS

Components Design Case Check Case

H2S 0.137(1375ppm) 0.137

Pressure at Battery Limits : 96-54 kg/cm2 abs.

1.2.3 PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS

Sweet and Dry Gas:

H2S content : 4 ppm Vol. Max.

Rich MDEA Flash Gas :

H2S content : 4 ppm Vol. Max.

Hydrocarbon content will be minimized.

1.2.4 UTILITY SPECIFICATION

Min. Nor. Max. Design

1.2.4.2 INSTRUMENT AIR

Min. Nor. Max. Mech. Design

1.2.4.3 PLANT AIR

Min. Nor Max Mech.Design

1.2.4.4 COOLING WATER

Supply pressure at grade kg/cm2a 5

1.2.4.5 SERVICE WATER

- Supply Temp.C for exchanger design Amb.

Mechanical design Temperature C 65

1.2.4.6 INERT GAS (C02/N2)

Min. Nor. Max. Design

Pressure, kg/cm2a 6.0 7.0 - 10.0

1.2.4.7 FUEL GAS

Molecular weight 19.0 20.94

*This condition will also occur during LPG plant shutdown.

1.2.4.8 BOILER FEED WATER

Pressure, kg/cm2a 2.0

Quality required for steam generation is acceptable.

1.2.4.10 ELECTRICAL POWER

Service Voltage Phase Freq. CPS . Hz

a. Motors up to 160KW 415 V 3 50

Voltage variation : + 6% +10% +10% +1%

Released liquid hydrocarbons will be sent to closed blow down system.

- Liquid waste effluents will be sent to a central waste water

2.0 PROCESS DESCRIPTION

2.2 GAS SWEETENING UNIT

2.3 MDEA PROCESS PRINCIPLES