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FAVA - Formación en Ambientes Virtuales de Aprendizaje
SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje.

A world of words: vocabulary learning
ESTRUCTURA DE CONTENIDOS
Pág.
Introducción....................................................................................................................... 3
Mapa de contenido............................................................................................................. 4
1. Let’s listen...................................................................................................................... 6
2.1. Comparing technology................................................................................................. 6
2. Let’s talk......................................................................................................................... 8
2.1. Difficult English sounds for Spanish speakers............................................................ 8
2.1.1. Short and long vowel pairs....................................................................................... 9
2.1.2. /v/ vs. /b/.................................................................................................................10
2.1.3. /ch/ vs. /sh/.............................................................................................................10
2.1.4. /s/ at the beginning of a word................................................................................. 11
2.1.5. /h/ & silent < h >......................................................................................................11
3. Let’s read and write......................................................................................................12
3.1. Checking technical requierements............................................................................12
3.2. Vocabulary learning techniques.................................................................................13
3.2.1. Flascarding.............................................................................................................14
3.2.2. Chunking.................................................................................................................15
3.2.3. Word association....................................................................................................16
3.3. Writing a good glossary.............................................................................................17
3.3.1. Identifying the terms to include in a glossary...........................................................18
3.3.2. Creating the definitions for glossary terms.............................................................18
3.3.3. Giving the glossary a format...................................................................................18
SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje. 2

Pág.
4. Grammar points........................................................................................................... 19
4.1. Making comparisons in English.................................................................................19
4.1.1. Comparisons with as…as...................................................................................... 19
4.1.2. Comparisons with than.......................................................................................... 21
5. Vocabulary builder....................................................................................................... 24
Glosario........................................................................................................................... 30
Bibliografía....................................................................................................................... 31
Control del documento.....................................................................................................32


INTRODUCTION
Mastering a good range of English vocabulary is essential to develop fluency in reading

and writing as well as in speaking and listening skills. Vocabulary comprehension is a
key component in acquiring the competences needed to perform successfully in a foreign
language. However, learning a word is not limited to mere word recognition or word
meaning memorization, it strongly relates to identifying the right context of use of a word.
In order to actually learn how to use a word properly, you need to expose yourself to the
foreign language as much as you can so as to get familiar enough with words and their
usage. Whenever you read a book or listen to a song in English, you get exposed to words
of different kinds, used in different contexts; this is an excellent opportunity for you to work
on improving your vocabulary understading.
Taking into account the importance of enriching vocabulary, this time we will focus on
introducing some useful vocabulary learning techniques to help you develop consistency
when coping with new words. We will also provide some practice on difficult sounds and
will review how to make comparisons in English, which can be of great help when deciding
on the equipment (hardware and software) needed to implement the information system
you have been working on for your project.

MAPA DE CONTENIDO

DESARROLLO DE CONTENIDOS
1. Let’s listen
How much do you know about gadgets and technology? Well, being an expert on high
tech devices can help you a lot when it comes to dealing with selecting the hardware
required to put an information system into operation.
Depending on the information system requirements you previously defined according to

your client’s needs, you will be expected to decide on the technical equipment you will use
to support and to make the system work properly. This technical equipment may include
servers, storage devices, processors, computers, modems, among other hardware items.
Let’s listen to an apprentice discussing her choices regarding the hardware she will use
to implement an information system. Pay special attention to gadget-related vocabulary
and to how she compares hardware stuff in order to make the right decision about the
equipment she will use.
1.1. Comparing technology
A: Thanks for coming with me to the tech store, I really appreciate it Mary.
B: It’s not a big deal. You can count on me whenever you need it, I’m your best friend.
A: Well, I asked you to come because I want you to help me select some equipment.
B: I see! And… what kind of equipment are you exactly looking for?

A: I need to choose the computer type people will use to run the information system I’m
working on. Do you have any suggestions?
B: I already have a choice, but it all depends on what the information system requires.
A: That’s why I called you, because you are an expert on gadgets and technology. I really
don’t know much about it.
B: Ok, don’t worry, I’ll help you. Well, regarding computers you have Mac and PC.
A: Mac and PC?
B Yahp! Mac is short for “Macintosh” and is produced by Apple. Whereas PC stands for
personal computer and is produced by companies such as HP, Toshiba and Lenovo.
A: And what’s the difference between them? Which one is better?
B: Let me draw a chart for you comparing both computers. I think this way is easier for you
to get which one you should pick.
Mac Pc
Fuente: (Mac vs PC - Difference and Comparison, 2017)
B: So… Can you you see the difference now?
A: Obviously! First of all, PCs are cheaper than Mac computers. A computer that costs

$1099 is way to much expensive!
B: But the price is not the only thing that makes a PC better than a Mac. PCs are more
popular than Macs which means they have more users and are more accessible.
A: You’re right! Besides PCs are manufactured by a larger number of companies, that’s
why their prices are more competitive.
B: Yeah, that’s a good thing! The only negative point PCs have is that if they run Windows
systems, they are more vulnerable to virus attacks than Macs.
A: Anyway, I think I already know what computer type can be the best one for my information
system.
B: If you already made your choice, now it’s my turn to check some smartphones, I want
to by a new phone to replace the one I have.
A: Ok, let’s go have a look!
2. Let’s talk
One of the major problems Spanish speakers face when learning English is directly related
to their pronunciation skills. As both languages have a lot of differences regarding phonetics
and phonology, they may find it very difficult to pronounce specific sounds which don’t
exist in their phonetic alphabet. This can be attributed to the fact that at school language
learning focus more on reading and grammar than speaking and listening. In other words,
we tend to learn more about the language and how the language is structured than to
learn the language itself (English, 2017).
This time let’s focus on some of the most difficult sounds for Spanish speakers to pronounce
in English. Remember that being able to utter these sounds correctly can help us to avoid
miscomprehension when interacting orally with native speakers of the foreign language.
Rememeber that having a good pronunciation is a matter of constant practice.
2.1. Difficult English sounds for Spanish speakers
Many Spanish speakers have trouble to utter specific English sounds because they don’t
have equivalent sounds in their mother language. This is why a word like “sheep” can be
easily pronounced as “cheap” meaning something completely different. In Spanish the
sound “sh” is not part of its phonetic alphabet so it is a little bit difficult to pronounce it in

certain words. Let’s have a look at some of those English problematic sounds for Spanish
speakers in order to learn how to pronounce them accurately.
One of the biggest pronunciation problems for Spanish speakers is that in their language
there is no distinction between short and long vowels. That’s why short and long English
vowels are regular victims of inaccurate pronunciation. Some common examples are
words like “ship” and “sheep” or “bin” and “bean”. Let’ focus then on clarifying the correct
pronunciation of some of the most problematic English vowel sounds.

Another common pronunciation problem is closely related to words written with “b” and
“v” since they are mostly pronounced identically in Spanish. However, in English, these
two sounds are pronounced differently so it’s important you make the difference clear as
pronouncing words wrong can lead to misunderstanding.
/b/ has the same mouth position as /p/, but using your voice. Try saying /p/ and then hold
your neck to make sure that your voice is being used when you say /b/. Whereas /v/ has
the same mouth shape as /f/, but using your voice. Put your top teeth on your bottom lip
(English Club, 2017).
Some English language learners, especially Spanish speakers, have a hard time
distinguishing the “sh” and “ch” sounds in English, specially because in the Spanish
phonetic alphabet there is no “sh” sound. Both sounds are very similar, but they are
definitely not the same to a native English speaker.
To produce the “sh” your lips round a bit. It’s similar to the sound people make when they
want someone to be quite or silent. The “ch” sound is pronounced the same way as it is
pronounced in Spanish. Let’s check a few examples:
/sh/ sound /ch/ sound

Wash Watch
Ship Chip
Share Chair

Another problematic English sound for Spanish speakers is /s/, especially when it stands
at the beginning of a word. Most people find it difficult to pronounce because in Spanish
words never start with an “s” sound, and words which are similar to English tend to have
an initial “es” sound instead, as in estudio/study. It’s is important that you pay special
attention to the pronunciation of this initial /s/ sound if you want to sound more precise.
Wrong Right
Eschool School
Estand Stand
Estar Star
Compared to the Spanish silent /h/, English /h/ actually has a sound which is very similar
to the sound of the letter “j” in Spanish. In some exceptional cases such as in little function
words as have, her or his, the /h/ may be silent. Pay attention to the pronunciation of the
following words:
/h/ sound
Horse
Horror
Headphone
Hardware
Help

3. Let’s read and write
The development of a software project requires

the use of specific technological equipment
such as PCs, servers, printers, storage
devices, as well as peripheral appliances.
According to the pieces of equipment needed
to run the software for your information system,
you will be expected to create data sheets or
fact sheets for every single gadget in order to
specify their technical features.
Data sheets are documents that normally

include many technical words related to a
particular content area; therefore, as an
information systems analyst and developer,
one of the skills you will need to work on is your
ability to learn new technical vocabulary.
Let’s have a look at some practical learning techniques you can use to learn new technical
vocabulary from your occupational area. Once you master a good range of this vocabulary,
you will be able to work on more complex stuff such as creating technical glossaries for
your manuals and other documents required for your project development.
3.1. Checking technical requirements
As it was already mentioned, data sheets are documents that contain information related
to a product’s technical specifications such as its name, physical and technical features,
description, usage and warranty terms and conditions. This information is very important
for users and suppliers since it provides all the details about the equipment needed to
guarantee the correct operation of the system. Let’s read a sample data sheet of a piece
of hardware in order to identify some technical terms and apply a couple of vocabulary
learning techniques.

Server Data sheet

Device type
Server
Purpose/use
Item Amount Component
1 1 Expected number of users
1 1
1 1 the server
Physical features
1 erver
Technical features
1 c t pe
x c un ts
n of the fo o n ones
u d core nte eon rocessors
u d core pteron rocessors
1 Exp nd b e memor up to b tes

b tes h rd d s hot s p
1
port
1 contro ers
1 o er supp un t
11 et or c rd 1 1 bps
1 E u pment m nu s
1 r vers of the computer components for ndo s server
1
Warranty
1 e rs rr nt for server nd ts components d rect th supp eror
m nuf cturer
3.2. Vocabulary learning techniques
Did you understand all the words on the server data sheet we just showed you? Well,
most of the words in that data sheet are very specific and technical so it is not expected

that an average reader can get the meaning of all these words at once. However, given
that you are required to be an knowledgeable expert systems analyst, you must be able to
understand and use most of these words in work-related situations. Check the following
vocabulary learning techniques to help yourself develop a more effective methodology to
integrate new words into your vocabulary lists.
3.2.1. Flashcarding
Flashcarding is an excellent method to learn vocabulary for those people who work very
well with visuals and images. The only thing you need to do is to make sets of cards
combining an image with a word in the target language. You can also use word-definition
combinations and assign colors to your cards if you sort them according to word categories.
To learn the words, you just test yourself by dragging flashcards out of a set at random and
by trying to remember the meaning of the word you take out. Go through your flashcards
as many times as you need until you feel you have already learned a word. Check the
following examples of flashcarding:
r
pute
m Printer
Co
use
Mo

3.2.2. Chunking
“Chunks are groups of words that are found toghether in language” (British Council, 2007).
To put it simply, chunking involves learning phrases instead of learning isolated words.
When you learn by chunking, you find self-contained groups of words and learn them as
one unit. This system has a lot of benefits since it allows you to learn combined words
making your vocabulary list larger. Let’s demonstrate how chunking works by introducing
an example with the word specification.

3.2.3. Word association
Word association relates to the process of making connections between new words and
words we already know. These words usually have certain particular relationships so
associating them in a chart or a visual diagram can help us deepen our understanding of
words. Let’s check how this method works for the word computer hardware.

3.3. Writing a good glossary
As an information system analysis student, you must be already familiar with glossaries,
especially those technical ones, since they are very common when reading academic
papers, books or articles related to a specific field of knowledge. A glossary is a list of
words that contains definitions for terms that appear in a text and that can be unfamiliar or
not easy to understand by an average reader.
Whenever you need to write a manual, a user guide, a leaflet or any other document that
uses very particular technical language from your work-related area, you will also have
to consider writing a good glossary to help your readers or the users of your information
system understand what these documents account for.
In this section, we will focus on introducing some useful guidelines you can apply to the
process of writing a technical glossary. Have in mind that writing glossaries can also help
you to improve your understanding of new vocabulary so try your best to create a good
one.

3.3.1. Identify the terms you want to include in your glossary
The first thing you will need to do is to read the text and
identify the terms you think can be difficult to understand
for an average reader. Consider including those terms
that may need more clarification or that require a more
detailed explanation.
If you have trouble to identify the words to be included

in the glossary, ask a friend or another person with an
average reading level to read the text and identify the
difficult, unclear or unfamiliar terms. Finally, collect the
terms in a document.
3.3.2. Create the definitions for your glossary terms
Once you have identified the terms you want to include in your glossary, summarize each
term using your own words. Don’t copy and paste definitions from other sources, try to
define words yourself. If you use definitions from other sources, make sure you cite them
properly.
Write simple, precise and reader friendly definitions. The intention of a glossary is to
explain technical terms in a very simple way so an average reader can understand them.
3.3.3. Give your glossary a format
To give a reader friendly format to your glossary, have in mind the following guidelines:
• Place the words in alphabetical order from A to Z so that your reader can browse and
find words more easily.
• Use bullet points or spacing to separate the terms so they don’t look jammed.
• Italicize or bold the terms in the glossary.

Now let’s have a look at the following glossary entry to check how the previous guidelines
are applied:
Hardware - When talking about computer hardware, it refers to the collection of the
physical components that constitute a computer system. Hardware usually includes
screen, motherboard, mouse, keyboard, hard disks, among other electronic parts. Without
hardware, software could not be used.
4. Grammar points
Do you know how to make comparisons in English? Well,

comparing is a process that allows people to estimate the
similarities and differences between objects, people, places,
etc. There are basically two ways to make comparisons in
English, one of them involves using the expression “as… as”,
as in the sentence: Mac computers are as useful as PCs. The
other way to compare requires the use of the word “than”, as
shown in the example sentence: PCs are more popular than
Mac computers.
Let’s check how to make comparisons using the two

grammatical structures we just mentioned. Focus on how
adjectives are used along with their comparative forms to
make comparative structures.
4.1. How to make comparisons in English
When comparing two things, you can say that one thing is more than the other thing, that
one thing is less than the other thing, or that the two things are the same. In any of these
cases, you must know whether the adjectives used to make the comparison change or
not. Let’s have a look at the most common structures used to compare things in English.
Positive comparisons with as + adjective + as
When people compare two things and they want to say those two things are the same or
have a characteristic at the same extent, they use the following pattern:
Nowadays, laptop computers

as adjective as are as cheap as tablets.

Check the following chart for more examples on how to make positive comparisons with
as + adjective + as.
Comparative Adjective Comparative
as good as Windows
as practical as a tablet
as easy to use as a scanner
Negative comparisons with not + as + adjective + as
When people want to say that two things are not the same or don’t have a characteristic
at the same extent, they use the following pattern:
USERS
WORLDWIDE
Apple Macs are

PC / WINDOWS APPLE / MAC not adjective as not as popular as
89.2% 10.8% as Windows PCs
Check the following chart for more examples on how to make negative comparisons with
not as + adjective + as.

Windows PCs are not as expensive as Apple Macs.
Positive comparisons with “more than”
a mouse and
A joystick is not as easy to use as
As you probably noticed, when comparing with as … as, the adjectiveadoes
keyboard.
not change.
However, when you make a comparison using than, adjectives change depending on the
A floppy
number disk they
of syllables not as
is have. convenient as a USB.

Positive comparisons with “more than”
As you probably noticed, when comparing with as … as, the adjective does not change.
However, when you make a comparison using than, adjectives change depending on the
number of syllables they have.
Let’s start by introducing how to make comparisons with than using one-syllable and
some two-syllable adjectives.
$
2.500.000
$
1.500.000
Windows PCs are cheaper

adjective er than than Apple Macs.
than and one-syllable adjectives.
Adjective + er Comparative
A USB is smaller than a floppy disk.
A laptop computer is lighter than a desktop computer.
Windows operating system is easier to use than Linux.
Useful tip!
Notice that when a one syllable adjective ends with -y, to make the
comparative form you change the -y to -ier as in the sentence:
- Windows operating system is easier to use than Linux.

When you compare things using two and three-syllable adjectives such as useful, important
or popular, you must use the word “more” and the unchanged adjective. Pay attention to
the way in which this pattern is formed.
Headphones are more

more adjective than comfortable than speakers.
than and two and three-syllable adjectives.

Intel processors are more popular than AMD
processors.
Portable hard disks are more convenient than floppy disks

and CDs.
Mac computers are more exclusive than Windows
PCs.
Some irregular adjectives
When making comparisons you will probably find some adjectives that don’t follow any of
the rules described before, they adopt their own form instead. The chart below shows the
most common irregular adjectives.
Positive Comparative
p
adjective fform
orm Example
good better Laptop computers are better than desktop computers.
bad worse Listening to music with headphones is worse than using speakers.
far farther The tech store is fartherr from the office than from home.
many/much more Windows PCs have more users than Apple Macs.

Negative comparatives with less + adjective + than
When making comparisons you can also say that something is “less” than something else
or that something has a characteristic in a lower degree than something else. Using the
same example as the one presented for positive comparisons with “than”, we have the
following pattern:
Linux is less popular

less adjective than than Windows.
Check the following chart for more examples on how to make negative comparisons with
than and two and three-syllable adjectives.
AMD processors are less popular than Intel processors.
Floppy disks and CDs are less convenient than portable hard disks.
Windows PCs are less exclusive than Mac computers.
Superlatives
In English, when people compare something to other elements in a group or series and
they want to say that thing has the highest quality or degree, they use superlative forms.
For one-syllable adjectives, superlatives are formed by adding –est at the end of the
adjective. Let’s see how it works in the following example in which we want to say that,
compared to other devices, smartphones size is the smallest one.
Smartphones are the

the adjective est smallest portable devices
used nowadays.
Check the following chart for more examples on how to make comparisons with superlative
forms using one-syllable adjectives.

Adjective + est
Intel processors are the fastest processors you can find nowadays.
Asus computers are the cheapest computers available in the market.
For two and three-syllable adjectives,to make the superlative form, you have to use the
word “most”. See how it works:
Finally, check some irregular superlatives:
Positive adjective Comparative form Example
good best
bad worst
many/much most
5. Vocabulary builder
In this final section, you will find a selection of words related to the definition of the
technology architecture defined for the information system you have been working on so
far. These words will be specially useful when you need to talk about the technological
equipment required to run the software for the system you have already devised.
Pay special attention to the context in which each word is used and work on expanding
your vocabulary by learning the synonyms and phrases that appear along with each term.

Document that
summarizes the
performance and other
technical characteristics of
a product, machine,
component or software.
Data sheet/
fact sheet Information sheet
(noun)
A data sheet contains a

detailed description of the
equipment required for the
information system.
.
Technical requirements
(noun)

A quality or an important
part of something
- Quality
- Characteristic
- Trait
Feature
(noun/verb)
Apple's latest model of
iPhone has several new
features.
- A basic feature
- A remarkable feature
An object or machine
invented for a particular
purpose.
- Machine
- Gadget
- Equipment
- Appliance
Device
(noun) Nowadays, to listen to
music people use their
mobile devices.
- A clever device
- A labour-saving device

A set of tools or elements

required for a particular
purpose.
- Appliances
- Machinery
-Accesories
Equipmen
(noun) Computers are common
equipment people use
to work.
- Up to date equipment
- Modern equipment
An ability t o do
something.
The system has the

capability to perform
several tasks at the same
time.
Capability
(noun)
-Beyond your capability

-Within your capability

A change that improves

something or increases its
value.
- Improvement
Enhancement - Enrichment
(noun)
Many enhancements were

made to the software in
order to strengthen
system security.
Refers to the composite

hardware, software,
network resources and
services required for the
existence, operation and
management of an
enterprise IT environment.
Technological
infrastructure
(noun)
Basically, technological
infrastructure consists of
the following
components: hardware,
software, network and
meatware

A written promise from a

company to r epair or
replace a product t hat
develops a fault within a
particular period of time.
- Guarantee
- Assurance
-Promise
Warrant
(noun/verb)
The warranty covers the
equipment for a year.
- Under warranty
- Two-year warranty
Something
advantageous or good.
-Aid
- Asset
- Help
(noun/verb)

GLOSARIO
Benefit (noun/verb): Something tha is advantageous or good.
Capability: (noun): An ability to do something.
Data sheet (noun): Document that summarizes the performance and other technical
characteristics of a product, machine, component or software.
Device (noun): An object or machine invented for a particular purpose.
Enhancement (noun): A change that improves something or increases its value.
Equipment (noun): A set of tools or elements required for a particular purpose.
Feature (noun): A quality or an important part of something.
Gadget (noun): a small mechanical or electronic device or tool, especially an ingenious

or novel one.
Glossary (noun): an alphabetical list of words relating to a specific subject, text, or dialect,
with explanations; a brief dictionary.
High-tec (adjective): High technology, often abbreviated to high tech (adjective forms
high-technology, high-tech or hi-tech) is technology that is at the cutting edge: the most
advanced technology available (“High tech, 2017).
Technical specifications (noun): Document that defines a set of requirements that a

product must meet or exceed.
Warranty (noun): A written promise from a company to repair or replace a product that
develops a fault within a particular period of time.

BIBLIOGRAFÍA
Cambridge Dictionary | Free English Dictionary, T. (2017). Cambridge Dictionary
| Free English Dictionary, Translations and Thesaurus. Dictionary.cambridge.
org. Recuperado de http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/
Collocation examples, Usage and Definition | collocation dictionary. (2017).

Oxforddictionary.so8848.com. Recuperado de https://goo.gl/8xJhoS
comparative adverbs. (2017). Learn English | British Council. Recuperado

de https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar/adverbials/
comparative-adverbs logicalOctopus, D. (2017). Visuwords™ online
Visual Dictionary, Visual Thesaurus. Visuwords.com. Recuperado de https://

www.visuwords.com/
English dictionary with synonyms, examples and English translator. (2017).

Englishdictionary.education. Recuperado de http://englishdictionary.education
English, P. (2017). Pronunciation problems for Spanish learners of English

- TEFL Trainer. TEFL Trainer. Recuperado de https://www.tefltrainer.com/
general/pronunciation-problems-for-spanish-learners-of-english/
High tech. (2017). En.wikipedia.org. Recuperado de https://en.wikipedia.org/

wiki/High_tech
Hudson, J. (2017). 10 Spanish Pronunciation Errors. Pronunciation Studio.

Recuperado de https://pronunciationstudio.com/spanish-speakers-english-
pronunciation-errors/
Mac vs PC - Difference and Comparison | Diffen. (2017). Diffen.com. Recuperado

de http://www.diffen.com/difference/Mac_vs_PC
Minimal Pairs /b/ and /v/ | English Club. (2017). Englishclub.com. Recuperado
de https://www.englishclub.com/pronunciation/minimal-pairs-b-v.htm
Thesaurus.com - The world’s favorite online thesaurus!. (2017). Thesaurus.

com. Recuperado de http://www.thesaurus.com/
Word Associations Network. (2017). Wordassociations.net. Recuperado de

https://wordassociations.net/en

CONTROL DEL DOCUMENTO
A WORLD OF WORDS: VOCABULARY LEARNING
Cetro de Gestión de Mercados, Logística y Tecnología de la Información.

Regional Distrito Capital.
Experto temático: Ingrid Carolina Flórez Urzola
Centro Industrial de Mantenimiento Integral - CIMI

Regional Santander
Líder línea de producción: Santiago Lozada Garcés
Rosa Elvia Quintero Guasca
Asesores pedagógicos:
Claudia Milena Hernández Naranjo
Diseño multimedia: Oscar Julian Marquez Sanabria
Programador: Francisco José Lizcano Reyes
Producción de audio: Martha Lucia Chaves Niño
Víctor Hugo Tabares Carreño
Este material puede ser distribuido, copiado y exhibido por terceros si se

muestra en los créditos. No se puede obtener ningún beneficio comercial
y las obras derivadas tienen que estar bajo los mismos términos de la
licencia que el trabajo original. .

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2.1. Comparing technology................................................................................................. 6

2.1. Difficult English sounds for Spanish speakers............................................................ 8

2.1.1. Short and long vowel pairs....................................................................................... 9

2.1.2. /v/ vs. /b/.................................................................................................................10

2.1.3. /ch/ vs. /sh/.............................................................................................................10

2.1.4. /s/ at the beginning of a word................................................................................. 11

2.1.5. /h/ & silent < h >......................................................................................................11

3. Let’s read and write......................................................................................................12

3.1. Checking technical requierements............................................................................12

3.2. Vocabulary learning techniques.................................................................................13

3.2.3. Word association....................................................................................................16

3.3. Writing a good glossary.............................................................................................17

3.3.1. Identifying the terms to include in a glossary...........................................................18

3.3.2. Creating the definitions for glossary terms.............................................................18

3.3.3. Giving the glossary a format...................................................................................18

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4.1. Making comparisons in English.................................................................................19

4.1.1. Comparisons with as…as...................................................................................... 19

4.1.2. Comparisons with than.......................................................................................... 21

Control del documento.....................................................................................................32

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Mastering a good range of English vocabulary is essential to develop fluency in reading

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Depending on the information system requirements you previously defined according to

1.1. Comparing technology

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A: Mac and PC?

A: And what’s the difference between them? Which one is better?

Fuente: (Mac vs PC - Difference and Comparison, 2017)

B: So… Can you you see the difference now?

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$1099 is way to much expensive!

A: Ok, let’s go have a look!

Rememeber that having a good pronunciation is a matter of constant practice.

2.1. Difficult English sounds for Spanish speakers

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/sh/ sound /ch/ sound

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3. Let’s read and write

The development of a software project requires

Data sheets are documents that normally

3.1. Checking technical requirements

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Server Data sheet

1 Exp nd b e memor up to b tes

3.2. Vocabulary learning techniques

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FAVA - Formación en Ambientes Virtuales de Aprendizaje