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One is the basic protocol - this is a kind of protocol for which three different time intervals
have been specified for sending and receiving data. On the one hand, there is the sending
interval, which is also called the “transmitting interval”. This protocol of the ARINC 629 has
busses of the same lengths for all terminals, and it is initialized as soon as transmission
starts on this technical data bus. A device can start to transmit again only when the
transmitting interval has finished with the transmission of the data. The second protocol is
the synchronization in which, just like the transmission interval, the terminals of a bus
always have the same length. However, the synchronization is shorter than the transmitting
interval and it starts just at the moment when no data are being transmitted on the bus
(binary unit system). If, during the synchronization, another device switches on in the data
transmission, the timer is then set back to the initial state. Finally, with the basic protocol,
there is also device recognition, Here, in a way that differs from the first two basic protocols
that have been described, the terminals all have a different length. As such, this protocol
type of the ARINC 629 determines the process of the other protocols, as device recognition
only starts when the synchronization has ended and no other device is still transmitting via
the bus. Also, the timer is reset when a device starts to transmit data before device
recognition has ended.
The combined protocol (there are three different levels here as well) regulates the data
transmission within the ARINC 629. The “combined protocol” is used especially for
processing events that do not take place in a specified period. The periodic data is on the
first level, which is also called level 1. This is also are transmitted in a specified order and
with the same length, in the same way as the basic protocol. The short events and the
more frequent nonperiodic events are especially transmitted on the second level. Also,
when a deterministic cycle exists, the data are exchanged with each other at the end of the
process. In the combined protocol, level 3 is then responsible for longer events and
nonperiodic, infrequent events. At the end of the second level, if there is remaining cycle
time, there is an exchange between these data results. Protocol levels 2 and 3 cannot be
used together.