
















































































Princípio da utilidade dos hábitos 
































































 Antítese     







Ação direta do sistema nervoso central 





































 















7.2.1. Respostas imediatas




























7.2.2. Respostas prolongadas
























    










































          





















    






 




 


Resposta galvânica da pele 






Xerostomia (secura da boca) 






Registro poligráfico de respostas cardiovascula-
res e respiratórias 





Teste do campo aberto










Condi cio namento Pavloviano
















screening






Condi cionamento instrumental de respos tas 

autonômicas








biofeedback,




biofeedback




Labirinto em cruz elevado 





























 






 







7.4.1. Teoria de James-Lange
























































7.4.2. Teoria de Cannon-Bard 7.4.3. Teoria da ativação de Lindsey











teoria talâmica das emoções































7.4.4. Teoria cognitivo-fisiológica












 























7.4.5. Teoria de Papez




limbus














Circuito de Papez 












 
























       
accumbens 


















Cérebro protorep tílico




Cérebro paleomamífero

           
          


Cérebro neomamífero:











7.4.6. Síndrome da adaptação geral



















































      
alostasiasobrecarga alostática


















      





















































 












7.5.1. Medo






























sistema cere-
bral aversivo

























   




















locus coeruleus














    

























































     
































 locus coeruleus


inibição comportamental (SInC) 





























































 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 locus coeruleus
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


 





































































































































7.5.2. Agressão





















reação
pseudo-afetiva 












       

       





 






accumbens






















































    











































   






7.5.3. Recompensa



























  













acumbens

























Angst





































   






































 7.6.3. Distúrbio obsessivo-compulsivo

 
 
7.6.1. Distúrbio de ansiedade generalizada 

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 7.6.4. Fobias

 
 
 
 ansiedade traço  
ansiedade estado 
 

7.6.2. Pânico 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 7.6.5. Distúrbio do estresse pós-traumático

    
  
 
 agorafobia 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 



 




 

  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 




    


 



   

 

 


 



 










 





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