ADVANCED SPREADSHEET SKILLS

Microsoft Excel
- a Microsoft Office Application used for storing, arranging, analyzing and presenting data in tabular
format
- Stored data can be text (texts include symbols) or numbers and can be represented or arranged in charts
and graphs
- consists of rows and columns

Worksheet Essentials and Manipulations

A. ROWS
- a row in an Excel worksheet can be identified by row headers which are labeled by numbers
- there are 1,048,576 rows in MS Excel

INSERTING A ROW
To insert a row, follow the steps below:
1. Highlight the row by clicking its row header
2. Right click the row and click Insert
3. The new row will be inserted before the highlighted row

B. COLUMNS
- a column in an Excel worksheet can be identified by column headers which are labeled by letters
starting from A to XFD
- there are 16,384 columns in MS Excel

INSERTING A COLUMN
To insert a column, follow the steps below:
1. Highlight the column by clicking its column header
2. Right click the column and click Insert
3. The new column will be inserted before the highlighted column

C. CELL
- the basic element in a worksheet
- an intersection of a row and a column
- a cell is identified by its cell reference/address/name. To get a cell’s
reference, first take the column header and then the row header
where the cell belongs to. The example in the right shows that the
active cell is cell B2
 D. CELL RANGE
- you can also select a group of cells in a worksheet. A
selected group of cells is called cell range
- to identify a cell range, by taking the upper-left cell
reference followed by a colon (:) then after the colon
will be the lower-right cell reference. The example
shown represents cells A1:C4 as the selected cell range

INSERTING A CELL
To insert a cell, follow the steps bellow:
1. Select the cell reference where you want the new cell to be inserted
2. Right click the cell and click insert. The Insert dialog box will appear
3. From the dialog box, choose among the options provided
a. Shift cells right – from the active cell and all succeeding cells from
its right will move to the right.
b. Shift cells down – from the active cell and all succeeding cells from
its below it will move down.
c. Entire row – this option will insert an entire row where the active
cell belongs to.
d. Entire column - this option will insert an entire row where the
active cell belongs to.

MERGING CELLS
- to combine multiple selected cells into one.
To merge cells, follow the steps below:
1. Select the range of cells you want to merge.
2. From the Home tab, select the merging option you want to use.
a. Merge & Center – combines the selected cells and aligns its content
to the center.
b. Merge Across – combines selected cells in the same row into one
large cell.
c. Merge Cells – combines your selected cells into one large cell.
d. Unmerge Cells – splits merged cells.
Formulas
- Used for the calculation of numeric data
- You can create a formula using the following operator
- It should be inserted in the cell where the result is intended to be displayed and must always begin with
an equal sign (=).
Mathematical Operator Sign
Addition +
Subtraction -
Multiplication *
Division /
Percentage %
Exponentiation ^
 - You can create a formula by directly typing the values or by using cell references.
USING CONSTANT VALUES

USING CELL REFERENCES

ORDER OF OPERATIONS
- Parentheses, Exponent, Multiplication, Division, Addition, Subtraction
Functions
- a predefined formula which can be called to perform computations.
- a function starts with an equal sign (=) but instead of operands and operators, it uses arguments or inputs.

PARTS OF A FUNCTION

THE DIFFERENT COUNT FUNCTIONS

COUNT FUNCTION
- counts the number of cells within a given range that contains numbers
- Syntax: =COUNT(cell range)
- Example: =COUNT(A1:C17)
COUNTA FUNCTION
- counts the non-empty cells within a given range
- Syntax: =COUNTA(cell range)
- Example: =COUNTA(A1:C17)

COUNTBLANK FUNCTION
- counts the number of empty cells within a given range
- Syntax: =COUNTBLANK (cell range)
- Example: =COUNTBLANK(A1:C17)

COUNTIF FUNCTION
- counts the number of cells within a range that meet the given criteria or condition
- Syntax: =COUNTIF (cell range, criteria)
- Example
1. =COUNTIF(A1:C17, “Male”)
2. =COUNTIF(B1:B10,“=100”)

Number in a Criteria
It is a different story if you want to set a criterion involving numbers. It will still be enclosed with a pair of double
quotation marks but this time, it needs to be accompanied with relational operators. Check out the list of Relational
Operators in the table below.

Operator Description Application Result

= Equal to =100 100
> Greater than >100 101 and above
>= Greater than or equal to >=100 100 and above
< Less than <100 99 and above
<= Less than or equal to <=100 100 and below
<> Not equal to <>100 All numbers except 100

IF FUNCTION
- the IF Function checks first whether a condition is met and displays one value if the condition if satisfied and the
other value if the condition is not met.
- Syntax: =IF(Condition, Value if TRUE, Value if FALSE)