Absorbent Glass Mat With Liquid electrolyte that is held by capillarity through the mat.

Second of all, These cells can be rejuvenated, at least some of them, by looking at the primary condition
you find them.

Third of all, i have made several experiments of recovering batteries as low as 0.4 volts and brought
them back from the dead and now they read a steady 12.7 volts fully charged, not bad at all !!

Fourth of all, the method you use is worthless, do never use a charger as a first method of Waking Up a
battery.

Here is my method and it's pretty successful.

1- if you take the battery and shake it and it makes some clunky noises, it means probably that you
won't go anywhere with that battery because it is heavily sulfated. So you better leave it on the corner
for later disposal.

2- Take another battery that looks good, read the voltage, if it's around 10-11 volts, fill it up with
distilled water, put it on a small maintenance charger , for instance, a G3500 By Noco, use the small
battery setting at 0.9 amps and see if the charger accepts it.

3- If the charger won't accept it, maybe it's to heavily sulfated or cells have shorted, but i've found that
even when cells are shorted, it can still accept a charge.

4- if the battery reads really low, like 0.2-0.5 volts there is still hope, like i just did this week with 2
batteries. Use an adjustable power supply , 3-30 vdc, plug in your battery, raise the voltage between 14
and 18 volts, at first you won't read any amps, it may take up to 10 minutes before you start to read a
few mA. keep it for like 2 hours until it reads a full amp, it will slowly rise with time, NEVER LEAVE IT
UNATENDED, Always watch it closely.

5- Read the voltage with a multimeter and it should anything between 9-11 volts.

6- If it's the case, plug it on a trickle charger for at least 8 hours , preferably an automatic one, like the
Noco G3500 and use the small battery setting at 0.9 amps.

7- After 8 hours of charge, it should read anything between 12.6 to 13.5 volts approximatively.

8- The last sequence but not the least, is to use an intelligent multi-chemistry charger, like the ones they
use for RC models, the one i use is a Venom 2. Put the setting at 0.5 C, approximatively 1.3-1.5 Amps,
and charge it until it says full. Look at the results, your charger probably crammed something between
1.5 to 4 more amps of capacity. this step takes around 10 hours.

Do not use any Epsom salt or EDTA or any shit like that because this will be the beginning of the end for
your battery and will fail prematurely.
By the Way, if you happen to come across a real GEL CELL, this is a complete different story, because
these cells use a suspended electrolyte in GEL, actually this is silica gel, like the one little bags found in
some food packages, they look like small beads, they just crush it to make a powder out of it and mix it
with liquid electrolyte to form a paste with it. Leave those batteries for disposal.

So the main word is PATIENCE. It's a long and tedious process, if anybody thinks that you can revive a
battery in a matter of hours, YOU ARE ALL WRONG !!!, It may take between 15-24 hours to revive a
battery and even more if you take the road of slowly charging your battery.