Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction

DIRECTIONS: Write the letter of your choice that best completes the statement or
answers the question.

1. A process, phenomenon or human activity that may cause loss of life, injury or other
health impacts, property damage, social and economic disruption or environmental
degradation is called
A. Disaster B. Emergency C. Hazard D. Vulnerability

2. Which is NOT a geological hazard?

A. Earthquake B. Tsunami C. Tephra fall D. Tornado

3. Thunderstorms, coastal storm surges, tropical cyclones and heat waves are
A. Technological hazards C. Hydrometeorological hazards
B. Astronomical hazards D. Geological hazards

4. The following are common long term impacts of natural hazards EXCEPT
A. Destruction of vital infrastructure like roads and bridges
B. Disconnection of communication lines
C. Widespread loss of housing
D. Permanent disability

5. A serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a widespread human,

material, economic or environmental losses is called
A. Disaster B. Vulnerability C. Resiliency D. Hazard

6. Which is NOT a risk driver?

A. Poverty and inequality C. Properly planned urban development
B. Environmental degradation D. Weak governance

7. The variables that amplify the effects of hazards, affecting the degree or scope of a
disaster is called
A. Exposure B. Elements at risk C. Risk drivers D. Vulnerability

8. Which is NOT an effect of disasters on human life?

A. Food scarcity C. Displaced population
B. Illnesses and diseases D. Disturbance of biodiversity

9. Disasters frequently result in all of the following EXCEPT

A. Displacement of populations
B. Damage to the ecological environment
C. Destruction of a population’s homeland
D. Adequate supply of goods and services
10. An event, whether natural or human-induced, becomes a disaster EXCEPT when
A. It occurs in an area with no exposure
B. It causes widespread material or environmental losses
C. Community cannot provide the residents their basic needs
D. Communities experience severe danger and incur loss of lives
11. Which of the following situations pertains to a disaster?
A. A landslide in Ligao that destroyed a mountain village
B. A volcano erupting in isolation in the middle of Pacific Ocean
C. Typhoon Haiyan passing over a remote and unpopulated island
D. A landslide high on the mountain and slopes away from any settlement

12. Elements located in coastal areas are likely to be exposed to

A. Volcanic eruption B. Drought C. Storm surge D. Hailstorm

13. Disturbance of biodiversity and loss of forests and natural rivers are
A. Physical impact C. Socio-cultural impact
B. Biological impact D. Environmental impact

14. The Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC) classified elements at risk into
A. Tangible and intangible
B. Least at risk, at risk & most at risk
C. Physical, socio-cultural, biological & political
D. Physical, societal, economic & environmental

15. Which of the following pertains to intangible elements?

A. Buildings and infrastructures C. Economic activity
B. Public transport system D. Dwellings and settlement areas

16. Elements likely to be exposed to mudslide and landslide are those located
A. Near fault lines C. On foot of denuded mountains
B. In coastal areas D. Near oil deposits

17. The characteristics determined by some factors or processes which increase the
susceptibility of an individual, community or assets to the impacts of hazards is called
A. Exposure B. Coping capacity C. Vulnerability D. Resilience

18. Poorer families may live in squatter settlements because they cannot afford to live in
safer areas. This shows what type of vulnerability?
A. Physical B. Social C. Economic D. Environmental

19. Senior citizens and persons with disabilities are more vulnerable to disasters because
A. They are unable to protect themselves or evacuate if necessary
B. They cannot recover quickly from an emergency situation
C. They are not much affected by social discrimination
D. They belong to the low-income group of society

20. Critical facilities such as hospitals, schools and fire stations are
A. Societal elements C. Physical elements
B. Economic elements D. Environmental elements
21. Which of the following results from poorly planned and managed urban
development?
A. Labor migrants are forced to live in areas which are highly susceptible to
damage or destruction.
B. Degradation of wetlands and mangroves along river courses results in
increased flooding.
C. States with weak institutions have greater deaths after extreme natural events.
 D. Decrease in agricultural yields in warmer environment due to heat stress.

22. The Dela Cruz Family decided to set aside 5% of their annual income to be used to
retrofit their home to make it more resilient against typhoon. What type of vulnerability
do they reduce by doing this?
A. Physical B. Social C. Economic D. Environmental

23. In November 2013, the Philippines was hit by Supertyphoon Yolanda. This was a
disaster because
A. It caused more than 6000 casualties and loss of more than US$1.5B.
B. The storm surge it brought was slow and expected.
C. The Philippines is frequently visited by typhoons.
D. Its winds reached peaks of around 315 kph.

24. Which of the following hazards normally result from the occurrence of an
earthquake?
A. Lahar B. Landslide C. Drought D. La Niña

25. It is a result of the passage of seismic waves through the ground, and ranges from
quite gentle in small earthquakes to incredibly violent in large earthquakes
A. Tsunami B. Liquefaction C. Fault rupture D. Ground shaking

26. What is frequently a warning sign of an impending tsunami?

A. Seawater suddenly retreats from the shore C. Sky suddenly clears
B. Winds suddenly change direction D. All of these

27. What is a primary effect of an earthquake?

A. Impacts as a direct result of the ground shaking
B. Effects on the landscape
C. Effects nearest the epicenter
D. Effects on young children

28. Which of the following statements about earthquakes is correct?

A. Earthquakes are easily predicted
B. Plate motions cause earthquakes
C. Tsunamis are effects of small earthquakes
D. All of the above

29. What should you do if you were outside during an earthquake?

A. Stay away from trees, power lines and concrete structures
B. Look for a building and stay at its main entrance
C. Drive quickly away from the earthquake
D. Seek shelter in a building

30. When indoors during an earthquake, the safest place to be is

A. Under a sturdy piece of furniture C. At the attic
B. Near the windows and doors D. At the upper floor

31. Which two natural hazards have caused the most damage both in terms of loss of
life and monetary losses over the past 50 years on a global scale?
A. Typhoons and volcanoes C. Typhoons and tornadoes
 B. Typhoons and floods D. Typhoons and earthquakes

32. Why do you suppose there has been an overall increase in the number of deaths
and monetary losses related to natural disasters on Earth?
A. The magnitudes of natural hazard events are increasing
B. There are more hazardous events occurring every year
C. Human populations are increasing in areas of risk
D. All of the above

33. Disaster is frequently described as a result of various condition EXCEPT

A. Exposure to hazards
B. Conditions of vulnerability at present
C. Insufficient capacity to cope with disasters
D. Having enough physical, social & economic capabilities

34. According to a report, 8 of 10 world cities most exposed to natural hazards are in the
Philippines because of the following reasons EXCEPT
A. The Philippines lies in the Pacific typhoon belt
B. The Philippines is located between two tectonic plates
C. The Philippines is part of the Circum-Pacific seismic belt
D. The Philippines has a high coping capacity and ability to mitigate disasters

35. The social impacts of natural hazards include

A. Destruction of community structures and facilities
B. Destruction of natural and human environment
C. Stresses placed on families and people
D. Damage to an industry

36. Which statement is correct?

A. The degree of disaster risk is always a consequence of exposure alone
B. If a hazard occurs in an area of no exposure, then there is no risk
C. An element exposed to a hazard is always vulnerable
D. A hazard always leads to a disaster

37. People living in unsafe building structures are more exposed to

A. Oil spill B. Fire C. Terrorism D. Tornado

38. The following are effects of disasters to societal elements EXCEPT

A. Homelessness C. Psychological impact
B. Loss of employment D. Structural damage

39 . Which is an intangible element?

A. Environmental assets C. Buildings
B. Cultural values D. Public facilities
40. Which of the following pertains to environmental vulnerability?
A. Deforestation of mountains due to illegal logging is the main cause of landslides
and mudflows, like what happened in Ormoc, Leyte (1994) & Infanta, Quezon
(2011)
B. When flooding occurs, some citizens such as children, elderly and persons with
disabilities may be unable to protect themselves or evacuate if necessary
 C. Poorer families may live in squatter settlements because they cannot afford to
live in safer (more expensive) areas
D. All of the above

41. The following are ways of reducing vulnerability EXCEPT

A. Disregarding building codes
B. Setting up preparedness measures
C. Knowledge and awareness raising
D. Emphasizing economic diversity & resilient livelihoods

42. Where do most earthquakes occur?

A. On the equator
B. In Australia
C. Along crustal plate boundaries
D. On the continent of Antarctica

43. Witnesses have said that an approaching tsunami sounds like

A. Ice cracking C. Car horn honking
B. Booming cannons D. Nothing, there is silence

44. The leading cause of most earthquake-related deaths is

A. Collapse of structures
B. Unexpected tsunami that follows
C. Violent shaking of the ground
D. Flooding due to liquefaction

45. During an earthquake, to where should you evacuate if near a large body of water?
A. The closest shelter C. The nearest tall tree
B. Higher ground D. Your car

46. Which of the following is more vulnerable to disasters?

A. High income populations
B. Very old and very young populations
C. Well-designed buildings and infrastructures
D. Schools that regularly conduct earthquake and fire drills

47. Which of the following statements about vulnerability is NOT correct?

A. It is generally the poor who are less vulnerable and do not suffer from disasters.
B. Vulnerable groups find it hardest to reconstruct their livelihoods following a
disaster.
C. We cannot reduce the occurrence and severity of natural hazards, but we
can reduce the vulnerability to hazards.
D. There are factors that interact to increase the susceptibility of individuals,
households and communities to the impacts of hazards.

48. In the 1990 Baguio earthquake, most of the deaths occurred in collapsed buildings,
like the Hyatt Terraces Hotel, where hundreds died and many others were hurt. Why did
this result to a disaster?
A. The hotel’s terraced front wing collapsed and fell into the lobby killing many.
B. People inside the building were not forewarned of an incoming earthquake.
C. PHIVOLCS did not accurately predict when the earthquake would occur.
 D. Affected individuals did not purchase insurance policies.

49. Which equation shows the relationship among disaster risk, hazard, exposure and
vulnerability?
A. Risk = Hazard X Exposure X Vulnerability
B. Risk = Hazard + Exposure + Vulnerability
C. Risk = Hazard X Exposure
Vulnerability
D. Risk = Hazard X Vulnerability
Exposure

50. When inside a building or classroom, the three steps you should take at the first sign
of an earthquake are
A. Stop, drop and cover C. Cover, drop and stop
B. Drop, cover and hold D. Stop, drop and roll