Holistic Perspective

Holism comes from the Greek word holos which literally means all, entire, totality. Holism is a school of
thought that maintains the interdependence of factors to another agencies of causalities. In other
words, properties of a given phenomenon or system (e.g. philosophical, biological, psychological,
emotional, spiritual, social, political, linguistic) cannot be determined by a certain structure or
component alone. Therefore, this kind of system aims to determine and explain the whole or totality of
a given system by examining the behaviors and activities of certain component parts.

Holism is widely used in research as one of the many research methods. More often than not, holism is
used in anthropology wherein an anthropologist can begin to see interrelationship or correlation of
different components of a culture. Example is that one can see the correlation between the ecological
situation and social organization of a community. This kind of approach allows the researcher to
examine the importance of various relationships within a particular system and eventually
conceptualizing schemes and patterns so as to create a hypothesis or even a theory in understanding a
certain phenomenon. For example, to understand why Filipinos celebrate fiesta, the researcher has to
consider the history of the Filipino people, religion, tradition, aesthetics, and even the political aspect of
it.

Partial point of view

In philosophy, a point of view is defined as a way or a method how one sees or perceives the reality or a
phenomenon. Therefore, when one says a partial point of view, he has clearly stated and admitted that
the way he sees reality or certain phenomenon is based on a single factor or causal agency. A partial
point of view then is a perspective that is based on one of the component parts of a whole. For example,
when one researcher conducts an inquiry on the reason why Filipinos celebrate fiesta based on the
religious aspect of it, the point of view is partial since it only considered one causal factor and did not
include other possible factors like sociological, political and historical. Hence, a partial point of view is a
perspective that looks at reality based on a single or partial component of a system whereas the holistic
perspective tries to broaden the understanding of reality by taking considerations of other possible
causal agents or factors be it biological, theological or any other factors that may contribute in
understanding a certain phenomenon.

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