Types of Hazard and Examples for Each

(After Hewitt and Burton 1971)

Geologic Hydrologic Atmospheric Biologic Man-made

Earthquakes Floods- river Typhoons or Epidemic in Transport accident
 Vibration and coastal hurricanes humans
 Ground rupture
 Liquefaction
 Earthquake-
induced landslide
 Tsunami
Volcanic eruption Wave action Thunderstorm Epidemic in Industrial explosions and fires
 Lava flow plants
 Volcanic gas
 Pyroclastic flow
 Tephra fall
 Lahar
 Volcanic debris
 Avalanche
Rainfall-induced Drought Excessive rainfall Epidemic in Accidental release of toxic chemicals,
landslides animals radiological material, biologic material,
oil etc.
Rapid sediments Rapid glacier Tornadoes Locusts Nuclear accidents
movement advance
Subsidence Heavy snowfalls Collapse of public building
Sinkhole formation Hail WMD-weapons of destruction
(biological, nuclear, incendiary,
chemical, and explosive)
Impact with space Blizzards Computer virus such as “trojan horse
objects
“Glaze storms”
Freezing rain
High wind speeds
Extreme
temperature
lightning