Methods for sound design and NVH

development of environment-friendly
vehicles with customer focus

Sound. Voice. Passion.

The 17th Hyundai Kia International

Powertrain Conference

Dipl.-Ing. Daniel Riemann

Senior Project Manager, consult NVH
Rolling Hills, 25/10/17
 Introduction

Sound Design and NVH Development for environment friendly vehicles (EV, HEV):

Interior Noise:
• Sound cleaning
• Sound Enhancement Focus on potential customer!

Exterior Noise:
• Sound cleaning
• Sound enhancement
• Pedestrian warning
system

Innovative
Drivability Source: www.hyundai.de methods and tools
are required
Range
Cost …
HEAD acoustics GmbH Methods for sound design and NVH development of environment-friendly vehicles with customer focus 2
 Benchmarking and Target Sound Development

Development of Sound Quality Targets with clear focus on the potential Customer:
 What is the expectation of the (potential) customer / driver ?

 How do people drive?

 When do they like the sound or complain about the sound ?

 How often do these situations occur during normal driving ?

 What NVH issues are really important?

-> HEAR! will help to

find the Answers

HEAD acoustics GmbH Methods for sound design and NVH development of environment-friendly vehicles with customer focus 3
 HEAR! – Head Empirical Assessment Ride

Procedure for Test Drives

 Vehicle evaluation in realistic environment, during real driving.
 People comment in their own words what they like and don´t like.
 Potential Customer can be integrated in the Process

Analysis of Test Drives: Driving Condition Maps

e.g. electrical power vs speed: “powertrain point of view”

 Analysis of comments and information

 Identification of relevant conditions

Test Driver comments are seen

in the driving condition context
Positive Conditions
Negative Conditions

Test Drive evaluation pinpoints the most Clustering of comments

important needs for improvement reveals important issues!

HEAR! evolved from the EVE Method

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 HEAR!: Benchmark and Target Sound Development

Development of Sound Quality Targets:

Test Drives, Additional Roller Dyno Measurements,
Jury Tests, Targets, Sound Quality Metrics

• Procedure of Test Drives, HEAR! method

(Identification of relevant operating
conditions)
• Comparable acoustic roller dyno
measurements under defined and
reproducible conditions
• Jury Test Evaluation for Sound Quality
Investigations and Target Definition
• Definition of Sound Quality Metrics for
automatic calculation of perceived sound
quality (optional)

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 HEAR!: Target Development based on Benchmark Tests

 For each phenomenon, relevant driving conditions are identified and compared

 For all relevant phenomena, target values or target curves are developed based on the vehicle benchmark

 The suggested targets are realistic, and in fact reached by at least one of the benchmark vehicles

selection of relevant performance of identification of suitable definition of target values

measurement condition comparable roller-dyno analysis methods or curves based on the
measurements vehicle benchmark

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 Case Study

Creation of synthetic sounds for electric vehicles

 HEAD consult NVH is currently involved in synthetic

sound design for electric vehicles

Electric Vehicle Interior Sound HEAD acoustics tools:

• Driver focus  Design of synthetic sounds
• Emotional feedback for the driver  RPM / vehicle speed / load
• Vehicle brand character controlled parametric response
 Playback in simulator system
Electric Vehicle Exterior Sound (H3S)
• Pedestrian focus  Jury testing for preference
• Warning attribute investigation
• Vehicle brand character
• Conformance to international regulations

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 Customer Acceptance of Synthetic Sounds

Original Sound Original Sound Original Sound Only Original

+ synthetic sound + “modern” + unobtrusive Sound
based upon sound of ICE synthetic sound synthetic sound

„ICE like sound“ „Modern“1 „unobtrusive“ „no additional Sound“

HEAD acoustics GmbH Methods for sound design and NVH development of environment-friendly vehicles with customer focus 8
 Driving Condition Maps

 Distribution of comments (positive, negative and neutral) for different sound concepts versus acceleration and speed:
„ICE like“ Sound „Modern“ Sound

„unobtrusive“ Sound

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 Distribution of Customers Comments on Different Sound Concepts

1 – „ICE like“ Sound 2 – „Modern“ Sound

17%
22%
33%
39%

• Positive 44%
• Negative 45%
• Neutral

3 – „unobtrusive“ Sound 4 – no added Sound

29% 26% 32%

45%

26% 42%

Please note: in the interviews succeeding the test drives the majority of the test persons stated, that they do not prefer
additional “unnecessary” (read: not originating from the actual operation of the vehicle) sounds.

HEAD acoustics GmbH Methods for sound design and NVH development of environment-friendly vehicles with customer focus 10
 BTPA: Interior Noise Synthesis in Time Domain

Sources Paths Interior Noise Contributions

Airborne Noise p Transfer path Sum

Sources Path 1
Path 2
p Transfer path Path 3
Path 4
Path 5
Path 6
Structure Borne a Transfer path Path 7
Noise Sources Path 8
Path 9
a Transfer path

Sound pressure at drivers ear

 Time domain calculation enables auralization of results

 Convolution of measured excitations with corresponding transfer functions leads to realistic Interior noise
synthesis, even for transient noises
 No limitation of analyzing only stationary conditions  transient, run-ups + coast, tip-ins, etc. possible
 Listen to interior noise contributions at each step of the (B)TPA process
 Evaluation of transfer path modifications by means of interior noise synthesis

HEAD acoustics GmbH Methods for sound design and NVH development of environment-friendly vehicles with customer focus 11
 (B)TPA Structure Borne - HEAD Effective Mount Transfer Consideration (EMTF)

Passive side Inverted Operational Acoustic Transfer Interior Noise

Accelerations Inertances Forces Functions

w/o ,

rubber Matrix-

+
inversion
mounts
,

Effective Mount
Transfer Funktions

,
Rubber

+
Mounts
,

HEAD acoustics GmbH Methods for sound design and NVH development of environment-friendly vehicles with customer focus 12
 BTPA Results for Electric Vehicle

Run up WOT, roller dyno, FFT vs. rpm, airborne and structure borne shares Validation
Sum Structure borne Airborne
60

29/30
Left ear

58
29 10
14,68 7,34
29
7,34
Airborne Isolation

Validation measurements:
 Estimation of potential for countermeasures (synthesis)
Original optimized airborne transmission Airborne + drive shafts + mounts Original Modification

HEAD acoustics GmbH Methods for sound design and NVH development of environment-friendly vehicles with customer focus 13
 Binaural Panel Contribution Analysis (BPCA)

Result of TPA: Force [N] NTF

vATF Interior noise [SPL]
Black Box

Which panel has the strongest contribution?

m PU How to improve the vehicle trim package?

probes per
panel
n panels

Sound pressure level in the vehicle compartment is the sum of the sound
contributions of all surfaces enclosing the cabin.

HEAD acoustics GmbH Methods for sound design and NVH development of environment-friendly vehicles with customer focus 14
 BPCA Results

Q
p

BPCA Results will be added here!

20 n
v sub panel 1 Q p   Qi  RTFi
Panel 1

RTF
i 1
v sub panel m Q RTF
Qi  vi  S i
v sub panel 1 Q
Panel 2

RTF
p
p: Sound pressure
+

v sub panel m Q RTF Qi : Source strength of surface i

n: Number of panels
sub panel 1 i : Reciprocal Transfer Function ( p/ Q)
v Q RTF
Panel n

RTF

v Q
Si : Area of surface i
sub panel m RTF
vi : Particle velocity at the surface i

HEAD acoustics GmbH Methods for sound design and NVH development of environment-friendly vehicles with customer focus 15
 Summary: Methods for Sound Design and NVH Development

Timeline NVH Development:

Concept Phase Design phase Prototyping SOP

Benchmarking and
NVH Development
Target Setting

HEAD Methods and Tools:

HEAR! BTPA BPCA

HEAD acoustics GmbH Methods for sound design and NVH development of environment-friendly vehicles with customer focus 16
 Dipl.-Ing. Daniel Riemann
Senior Project Manager, consult NVH

Daniel.Riemann@head-acoustics.de

www.head-acoustics.de © Copyright HEAD acoustics GmbH